Anticlines are folds where rock layers slope upwards on both sides of a central low point, forming a hill or mountain range, while synclines are folds where rock layers slope downwards on both sides of a central crest, forming a valley or the side of a cliff. Both anticlines and synclines form due to compression from plate tectonic forces.

1. Anticlines and Synclines
A fold of rock layers that slope upward on
both sides of a common low point.
Synclines form when rocks are
compressed by plate-tectonic forces. They
can be as small as the side of a cliff or as
large as an entire valley.
A fold of rock layers that slope downward on
both sides of a common crest. Anticlines
form when rocks are compressed by plate-
tectonic forces. They can be as small as a hill
or as large as a mountain range.