The document discusses doping in sports. It defines doping as the use of prohibited substances to enhance athletic performance. Common performance enhancing drugs used include anabolic steroids, human growth hormone, and creatine. Athletes dope to gain competitive advantages, cope with pressure, and pursue financial rewards. Anti-doping laws disqualify athletes for doping and impose multi-year bans for violations. The World Anti-Doping Agency and National Anti-Doping Agency regulate anti-doping and maintain the prohibited substances list.

1. PRESTIGE INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND
RESEARCH, INDORE
GROUP NO:71
TOPIC CODE:121

2. What is DOPING ?
The presence of a Prohibited substance or its
Metabolites or Markers in a Player's bodily
speciemen Administration or attempted
administration of a Prohibited Substance or method
to any player, or assisting, aiding or any other type
of complicity involving an anti-doping violation
cimen.

3. What are Performing Enhancing Drugs?
Performance enhancing drugs that consist of a
variety of substances, including
– Medications
– procedures
– devices
that are intended to improve athletic sports
performances.

4. MOST USED PED’S
• Anabolic steroids: the effects of androgens include
accelerated growth of muscle, bone, and red blood
cells, and enhanced neural conduction.
• Human Growth Hormone: HGH promotes and
increases the synthesis of new protein tissues, such as
in muscle recovery or repair. This is the way new
muscle is built.
• Creatine: Increasing strength in people with muscle
diseases such as muscular dystrophy.

5. REASONS FOR DOPING
 Performance enhancement – Upstream and
downstream drugs
 Enhances the aerobic metabolism of the athlete –
increases stamina
 Increase the protein synthesis of the body – e.g.
Weightlifters and bodybuilders
 Pain-killers

6. WHAT DOES ANTI-DOPING LAW SAYS?
• Disqualification in event during which an anti-doping regulation violation
occurs
• Imposition of ineligibility for Prohibited methods and prohibited substances
• Depending on the nature of the violation, whether it was a first time offence
or not, etc.
• The term of disqualification can be one/two years, 4years, or life-time
ineligibility

7. World Anti-Doping Agency
 Established in 1999
 Released anti-doping code in 2003
 Maintains Prohibited list of Substances
 Accepted by 193 countries (including India)
under the UNESCO International Convention
against Doping in Sport
 Slogan is: ”Play True”

8. National Anti-doping agency
Possesses the primary authority and responsibility to
adopt and implement Anti-Doping rules
Directs the collection of samples
The management of test results and
the conduct of hearings all at the national level.

9. Court of Arbitration for Sport
 Based in Lausanne, Switzerland
 The Supreme Court of Sports law in the world.
 Administered by the International Council for
Arbitration in Sport
 Consists of an Ordinary Arbitration Division and an
Appeals Arbitration Division

12. National Sports Development
Bill,2011
Bill's main objectives are to:
• Implement anti-doping measures
• Sets Up Indian Court of Arbitration in Sport
• Deal with Sexual Harassment and Age-fraud
• Gives legal recognition to National Sports
Federations
• Recognises NSFs and Sports Promotion Boards
as 'public authorities' under the RTI Act,2005

13. SIDE-EFFECTS OF PED’S
• Aching joints and risk of tendon injuries
• Blood-clotting problems
• High blood pressure
• Liver problems
• Mood swings
• Dehydration
• Heart problems
• Cholesterol
• Hypertension
• Stroke

14. WHY PLAYERS USE PED’S ?
Pressure is Placed on Athletes to Perform Better Today's
athlete faces an increasingly difficult choice:
• to use drugs to enhance performance or
• to accept what could amount to be a competitive
handicap that is to be in a competition with other
athletes who may certainly be using PEDs.
• They face a lot of pressure .
• They want to perform their best.
• Money

15. Duties of Athletes to prevent doping in
sports
 To keep themselves updated on the prohibited list of
substances.
 To send samples of any medicines, dietary supplements, etc.,
to the laboratory for testing.
 To keep the NADA updated on their whereabouts for random
checks.
 To apply for Therapeutic Use Exemptions in unavoidable
circumstances.

16. EARLY DOCUMENTED USES
• In the 1860s, a group of swimmers in Amsterdam
were charged with taking drugs to speed up their
races. For the next 80 years or so, athletes who
wanted to cheat focused mostly on stimulants to
speed themselves up

17. DISQUALIFIED! SPORTSPERSONS
• The first athlete to be disqualified for drug use was Hans-
Gunnar from Sweden. He won a bronze medal but was
disqualified when a post-event drug test showed him positive
for cocaine and alcohol in his system.

18. • Ben Johnson tested
positive for
stanozolol and was
stripped of his gold
medal as well as his
previous 1987
World
Championship title.

19. The Spirit of Sport
• I believe that drugs shouldn’t be used in sports
and that any athlete caught using performance-
enhancing drugs should be banned from all
future sports events without being given
second chances.

20. Conclusion
To quote Heywood Broun, “Sports do not build
character. They reveal it.”
When we use Performing Enhancing Drugs we are
cheating our fellow athletes. Our sports need to return
to the real spirit of sport where all athletes compete
on a level playing field.