- Primary education is a fundamental right in India and achieving universal primary education is a key goal of both the Indian government and the World Bank. However, demand for education exceeds supply in terms of both access and quality at all levels.
- The World Bank has provided over $1 billion to India's education sector since 2000, focusing on projects to increase access to primary education, improve vocational education and training, and reform engineering colleges. Key challenges remain in improving education quality, expanding secondary education access, and ensuring skills training matches the needs of the job market.
- Stakeholder collaboration will be important to address issues around balancing access versus quality, determining public and private sector roles, and prioritizing support across different
Higher education is one of the significant aspects of any country. Several
schemes have been launched by central/ state government. Still there is a
requirement of improvement is necessary. There are world fame institutes
in India and on other side; number of colleges and universities are facing
the problems of adequate number of faculties and supportive staff.
Researcher has made an effort to reveal the various issues and challenges
in higher education and also suggest some measures to improve them
Higher education is one of the significant aspects of any country. Several
schemes have been launched by central/ state government. Still there is a
requirement of improvement is necessary. There are world fame institutes
in India and on other side; number of colleges and universities are facing
the problems of adequate number of faculties and supportive staff.
Researcher has made an effort to reveal the various issues and challenges
in higher education and also suggest some measures to improve them.
Keywords:
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to show how energy harvesters are becoming more economically feasible for the Internet of Things (IoT). Small amounts of energy can be harvested from vibrations, temperature differences, and radio frequencies using various types of electronic devices such as piezoelectric, MEMS, thermo-electric power generators, and other devices. As improvements in them occur and as the energy requirements of accelerometers, pressure sensors, gas detectors, bio-sensors, and readout circuits fall from microwatts to hundreds of nano-watts, energy harvesters become cheaper and better than are batteries. Improvements in energy harvesting are occurring in the form of higher power per area or higher power per temperature difference and improvements of about five times are expected to occur in the next 5 to 10 years. The market for energy harvesters is expected to reach $2.5 Billion by 2024. In addition to their impact on buildings and the other usual applications for IoT, they will also impact on agriculture, aircraft, and medical implants.
Higher education is one of the significant aspects of any country. Several
schemes have been launched by central/ state government. Still there is a
requirement of improvement is necessary. There are world fame institutes
in India and on other side; number of colleges and universities are facing
the problems of adequate number of faculties and supportive staff.
Researcher has made an effort to reveal the various issues and challenges
in higher education and also suggest some measures to improve them
Higher education is one of the significant aspects of any country. Several
schemes have been launched by central/ state government. Still there is a
requirement of improvement is necessary. There are world fame institutes
in India and on other side; number of colleges and universities are facing
the problems of adequate number of faculties and supportive staff.
Researcher has made an effort to reveal the various issues and challenges
in higher education and also suggest some measures to improve them.
Keywords:
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to show how energy harvesters are becoming more economically feasible for the Internet of Things (IoT). Small amounts of energy can be harvested from vibrations, temperature differences, and radio frequencies using various types of electronic devices such as piezoelectric, MEMS, thermo-electric power generators, and other devices. As improvements in them occur and as the energy requirements of accelerometers, pressure sensors, gas detectors, bio-sensors, and readout circuits fall from microwatts to hundreds of nano-watts, energy harvesters become cheaper and better than are batteries. Improvements in energy harvesting are occurring in the form of higher power per area or higher power per temperature difference and improvements of about five times are expected to occur in the next 5 to 10 years. The market for energy harvesters is expected to reach $2.5 Billion by 2024. In addition to their impact on buildings and the other usual applications for IoT, they will also impact on agriculture, aircraft, and medical implants.
Analyzing Public Policy Choices
RA 10533 Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013
“An act enhancing the Philippine basic education system by strengthening its curriculum and increasing the number of years for basic education, appropriating funds therefore and for other purposes.”
Philippines: the last country in Asia & one of the only three countries in the world with a 10-year pre-university program (Yap, 2011).
Issue on access to quality education: poverty being the strongest determinant (Maligalig et al, 2010).
Declining performance of students in the NAT: “low mastery” or “low proficiency” descriptive level.
Align the country's curriculum and meet the needs of the global market.
RA No. 10533 Sec. 2, “The State shall create a functional basic education system that will develop productive and responsible citizens equipped with the essential competencies, skills and values for both life-long learning and employment.”
Align the country's curriculum and meet the needs of the global market.
RA No. 10533 Sec. 2, “The State shall create a functional basic education system that will develop productive and responsible citizens equipped with the essential competencies, skills and values for both life-long learning and employment.”
An Analysis Of the Union Budget from 2010- 2015 Education SectorSneha J Chouhan
This presentation explains about the Highlights of the Indian Union Budget for 5 years in the education sector and its impact.
P.S: Refer for educational purposes only.
HIGHER EDUCATION CHALLENGES IN PAKISTANAwaisAhmed201
The higher education system is facing hard challenges, for example inadequate funding, poor infrastructure, quality and standards, lack of autonomy and academic freedom, increasing societal expectations and a growth in demand for higher education.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
1. Education and theEducation and the
World Bank in IndiaWorld Bank in India
Sam Carlson
Lead Education Specialist
scarlson@worldbank.org
2. 2
Summary
• Primary education is a fundamental right in India, and at
the international level an important Millennium
Development Goal to which India and the Bank are
totally committed.
• GOI and States increasingly recognize education as a
critical input for human capital development,
employment/ jobs, and economic growth, and are putting
major financial and technical resources into this effort.
• Nevertheless, demand for education far exceeds supply,
in terms of both access and quality, at all levels.
• Anxious to get YOUR views as to how the Bank can
improve its impact on access, learning outcomes and
reducing skills shortages.
3. 3
Basic Education
• Two decades of focused programs in basic
education have reduced out-of-school youth to
about 10 M (down from 25 M in 2003), most
from marginalized social groups. Net enrollment
rate is 85%, with social disparities.
• Key challenge is to finish the “access agenda”
and dramatically increase focus on quality, with
more attention to classroom processes, basic
reading skills in early grades, teacher quality
and accountability, community/parent oversight,
evaluation/assessment.
4. 4
Secondary Education
• Access and Quality remain big challenges.
• Gross enrollment rate of 40%, with significant
gaps between genders, social groups,
urban/rural, such that most secondary students
are urban boys from wealthier population
groups.
• Private aided and unaided schools = 60% of all
secondary schools, and growing.
• Overloaded curriculum, poor teaching practices
and low primary level quality affect secondary
quality.
5. 5
Vocational Education and
Training (VET)
• VET system is small, and not responding of
needs of labor market; <40% of graduates find
employment quickly.
• Insufficient involvement of industry and
employers in VET system management,
internships.
• Lack of incentives of public training institutions
to improve performance.
6. 6
Technical and Higher Education
• Numerically huge: 330 universities and 18,000
colleges
• Substantial private provision in professional
education.
• But just 11% of youth 18-23 are enrolled.
• Problems of capacity, quality, relevance, and
public funding. Hard to retain qualified faculty.
Limited research.
• Several world-class institutions.
7. 7
GOI Education Strategy
• Unprecedented priority to universal elementary education.
• Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan: aims to universalize elementary
education by 2010, and improve learning outcomes.
• Education cess of 3% on income tax, corporation tax,
excise and customs duties generates necessary resources
• Cost-Share: was 50/50 (2007), moving to 65/35
Center/State
• Estimate: 11th Plan: ’07-’12: 60,000-70,000 crores (US$17
billion)
• Increased focus on quality and upper primary in phase II.
8. 8
GOI Strategy (continued)
• National Mission for Skills is being set up,
looking at both VET and secondary
education
• New centrally sponsored scheme to update
all industrial training institutes (ITIs)
• Significant investments in higher education
(including reforms and expansion) are
expected
9. 9
Bank Strategy and Support
• IDA Lending: 0%, 35 years to repay with first 10 years
“grace” (no repayment)
• Since FY00: over US$ 1 Billion (Rupees 40 billion)
committed to sector.
• Over last 10 years: eight State-level District Primary
Education Projects
• US$ 500 M for SSA I; Additional US$500 M in
November 2007 for SSA II
– Increased focus on quality in SSA II
– Partner with European Commission and UK DFID
– Still a small player: Bank $ is less than 10% of GOI $
10. 10
Bank Strategy and Support
(continued)
• US$ 280 M for VET: support 400 Industrial
Training Institutes, for improved quality and
relevance (June 2007)
• US$ 250 M for Technical Education and
Engineering: reforms in 128 competitively selected
engineering institutions in 13 states to address
skills shortages
• US$ 70 M for polytechnics in six remote states
(possible $300 M additional)
• State education reforms in Orissa and AP
11. 11
Collaboration with Civil Society
• Over 7,000 NGOs participating as partners in SSA
– Alternative education programs: “bridge courses”
– Monitoring of quality
– Capacity-building of VECs
– Reference Groups advising States, Districts and
Blocs
– Contracting (e.g. MP with Pratham)
• Not surprisingly, varies greatly by State
12. 12
Bank Research
• Elementary Education
– Impact evaluation regarding:
• Incentive payments and schooling inputs on
student learning
• Dissemination of education information on
school governance and student outcomes
• School characteristics and student outcomes
• Instructional time on task survey
13. 13
Bank Research
• Early Childhood Development – focus on integrated
(health/nutrition/education) approaches
– Will feed into US$ 450 M Integrated Child Development
Services Project
• Secondary Education – major analytical study
related to expanding access, particularly for girls
and marginalized groups, and to role of private
sector
• Higher Education – contribute to debate regarding
how India can address skills shortages among HE
graduates, linked to economic growth opportunities.
14. 14
Bank’s Limitations
• Engagement in Indian education is largely
through centrally-sponsored schemes, while
most implementation happens at the State
level. Need to find ways to foster dialogue
and technical assistance with States, and
increase exchanges with civil society on
substantive policy issues.
15. 15
Additional Issues for
Discussion
• Access versus quality tradeoffs
• Role of public and private sectors in education
financing and provision
• Prioritization of education levels (basic,
secondary, VET, higher)
• Role of civil society in policy debates and
project implementation