This document describes a risk management framework developed for complex engineering projects in the semiconductor domain. The framework combines project management practices from PMBOK with Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to establish a risk management process. It was created in response to past project failures from weak risk management. The framework involves categorizing projects based on time and complexity, then using boundary diagrams and functional analysis to identify risks. A case study demonstrates how the framework is applied to a new technology development program with aggressive timelines and technical challenges. Future work involves implementing the framework on an current project to gain experience with the new approach.
The role of Risk Assessment and Risk Management is to continuously Identify, Analyze, Plan, Track, Control, and Communicate the risks associated with a project.
The Webster’s definition of risk is the possibility of suffering a loss. Risk in itself is not bad. Risk is essential to progress and failure is often a key part of learning. Managing risk is a key part of
success.
This document describes the foundations for conducting a risk assessment of a large-scale system
development project. Such a project will likely include the procurement of Commercial Off The
Shelf (COTS) products as well as their integration with legacy systems.
Niwot Ridge
Risk management involves identifying potential risks, assessing their probability and impact, prioritizing risks, developing strategies to mitigate high-priority risks, and continuously monitoring risks throughout the project. There are different categories of risk including project risks, technical risks, business risks, known risks, and unpredictable risks. Effective risk management requires proactively identifying risks, tracking them over time, taking steps to reduce impact or likelihood, and open communication across teams.
This document discusses project risk management. It defines risk management and outlines the key processes: planning, identification, analysis, response planning, and monitoring. It describes performing qualitative risk analysis to assess the likelihood and impact of identified risks. This involves using tools like probability and impact matrices to prioritize risks. The output is an updated risk register containing the qualitative analysis results.
This document introduces a Risk Management Maturity Model (RMMM) with four levels to assess the maturity of an organization's risk management processes. The RMMM is intended to be a simple, non-invasive tool that organizations can use to evaluate their current risk management capabilities, identify areas for improvement, and develop plans to progress to higher levels of maturity. The four levels - Ad Hoc, Initial, Repeatable, and Managed - are mapped to levels in other maturity models to allow for benchmarking. The RMMM provides a framework but is not intended to replace more formal assessment models that require greater resources.
Project risk management model based on prince2 and scrum frameworksijseajournal
Agile methods grew out of the real-life project experiences of leading software professionals who
had experienced the challenges and limitations of traditional waterfall development
methodologies on projects after projects. The agile development frameworks are widely used and
they don’t contain any risk management techniques because it is believed that short iterative
development cycles will minimize any unpredictable impact related to product development [1],
[2]. However in larger projects or during development of complex products, especially in the
global environment, the need of proper risk management is required. From the audit perspective,
there is the clear control requirement “BAI01.10 Manage programme and project risk“ defined by
COBIT 5 that requires that project risks should be systematically identified, analysed, responded
to, monitored and controlled. Additionally the risks should be centrally recorded [3, p. 125].
Additionally, controlling risk in software projects is considered to be a major contributor to
project success [4].
The need to manage risks in agile project management is also identified by various authors.
The SOA principles from the agile project management perspective were used to create
a framework for understanding agile risk management strategies for global IT projects [5]. Main
risk models and frameworks used by software engineers are discussed with conclusion that
the risk management steps are required for delivery of quality software [6], [7]. Agile
methodologies don’t cover the risk management knowledge area that can be taken from project
management frameworks like PMBOK [8]. Risks related to global software development projects
using Scrum have been researched and a conceptual framework to mitigate them designed [9].
Also the increasing variety of security threats should be managed as risks in the agile
development projects [10], [11].
Cost and schedule growth for federal programs is created by unrealistic technical performance expectations, unrealistic cost and schedule estimates, inadequate risk assessments, unanticipated technical issues, and poorly performed and ineffective risk management, all contributing to program technical and programmatic shortfalls
Risk management involves 6 steps:
1) Determining the scope of risks within the next 6 months.
2) Selecting a risk management team of around 9 people from the improvement team and stakeholders.
3) Identifying risks through brainstorming of weak areas, critical aspects, and previous problems.
4) Analyzing risks by removing ambiguities, enumerating consequences, setting likelihood and impact priorities, and selecting top risks.
5) Planning to mitigate risks by reducing likelihood and impact through actions assigned to responsible parties.
6) Planning periodic risk reviews to monitor effectiveness and address changes.
This document discusses risk management, cost control, and communication in construction projects. It describes how risk management involves identifying, assessing, and treating risks through various models and communication is key. It also explains that cost control is important for meeting project goals and involves establishing budgets, monitoring costs, and controlling changes. Effective risk management, cost control, and communication are important for construction project success.
The role of Risk Assessment and Risk Management is to continuously Identify, Analyze, Plan, Track, Control, and Communicate the risks associated with a project.
The Webster’s definition of risk is the possibility of suffering a loss. Risk in itself is not bad. Risk is essential to progress and failure is often a key part of learning. Managing risk is a key part of
success.
This document describes the foundations for conducting a risk assessment of a large-scale system
development project. Such a project will likely include the procurement of Commercial Off The
Shelf (COTS) products as well as their integration with legacy systems.
Niwot Ridge
Risk management involves identifying potential risks, assessing their probability and impact, prioritizing risks, developing strategies to mitigate high-priority risks, and continuously monitoring risks throughout the project. There are different categories of risk including project risks, technical risks, business risks, known risks, and unpredictable risks. Effective risk management requires proactively identifying risks, tracking them over time, taking steps to reduce impact or likelihood, and open communication across teams.
This document discusses project risk management. It defines risk management and outlines the key processes: planning, identification, analysis, response planning, and monitoring. It describes performing qualitative risk analysis to assess the likelihood and impact of identified risks. This involves using tools like probability and impact matrices to prioritize risks. The output is an updated risk register containing the qualitative analysis results.
This document introduces a Risk Management Maturity Model (RMMM) with four levels to assess the maturity of an organization's risk management processes. The RMMM is intended to be a simple, non-invasive tool that organizations can use to evaluate their current risk management capabilities, identify areas for improvement, and develop plans to progress to higher levels of maturity. The four levels - Ad Hoc, Initial, Repeatable, and Managed - are mapped to levels in other maturity models to allow for benchmarking. The RMMM provides a framework but is not intended to replace more formal assessment models that require greater resources.
Project risk management model based on prince2 and scrum frameworksijseajournal
Agile methods grew out of the real-life project experiences of leading software professionals who
had experienced the challenges and limitations of traditional waterfall development
methodologies on projects after projects. The agile development frameworks are widely used and
they don’t contain any risk management techniques because it is believed that short iterative
development cycles will minimize any unpredictable impact related to product development [1],
[2]. However in larger projects or during development of complex products, especially in the
global environment, the need of proper risk management is required. From the audit perspective,
there is the clear control requirement “BAI01.10 Manage programme and project risk“ defined by
COBIT 5 that requires that project risks should be systematically identified, analysed, responded
to, monitored and controlled. Additionally the risks should be centrally recorded [3, p. 125].
Additionally, controlling risk in software projects is considered to be a major contributor to
project success [4].
The need to manage risks in agile project management is also identified by various authors.
The SOA principles from the agile project management perspective were used to create
a framework for understanding agile risk management strategies for global IT projects [5]. Main
risk models and frameworks used by software engineers are discussed with conclusion that
the risk management steps are required for delivery of quality software [6], [7]. Agile
methodologies don’t cover the risk management knowledge area that can be taken from project
management frameworks like PMBOK [8]. Risks related to global software development projects
using Scrum have been researched and a conceptual framework to mitigate them designed [9].
Also the increasing variety of security threats should be managed as risks in the agile
development projects [10], [11].
Cost and schedule growth for federal programs is created by unrealistic technical performance expectations, unrealistic cost and schedule estimates, inadequate risk assessments, unanticipated technical issues, and poorly performed and ineffective risk management, all contributing to program technical and programmatic shortfalls
Risk management involves 6 steps:
1) Determining the scope of risks within the next 6 months.
2) Selecting a risk management team of around 9 people from the improvement team and stakeholders.
3) Identifying risks through brainstorming of weak areas, critical aspects, and previous problems.
4) Analyzing risks by removing ambiguities, enumerating consequences, setting likelihood and impact priorities, and selecting top risks.
5) Planning to mitigate risks by reducing likelihood and impact through actions assigned to responsible parties.
6) Planning periodic risk reviews to monitor effectiveness and address changes.
This document discusses risk management, cost control, and communication in construction projects. It describes how risk management involves identifying, assessing, and treating risks through various models and communication is key. It also explains that cost control is important for meeting project goals and involves establishing budgets, monitoring costs, and controlling changes. Effective risk management, cost control, and communication are important for construction project success.
Risk Management In Software Product DevelopmentAmandeep Midha
The document discusses risk management in software product development. It presents the results of a study with three key findings:
1. 91% of respondents felt that scope and schedule-related risks must be considered.
2. 73% said dependent delivery of product components is a risk that requires consideration.
3. H0, that identifying and managing risks cannot avoid project failures, was disproved as over 90% of respondents felt identifying risks is important.
Integrated Project Management Measures in CMMIijcsit
Project management is quite important to execute projects effectively and efficiently. Project management
is vital to projects success. The main challenge of project management is to achieve all project goals,
taking into consideration time, scope, budget constraints, and quality. This paper will identify general
measures for the two specific goals and its ten specific practices of Integrated Project management Process
Area in Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). CMMI is a framework for improvement and
assessment of computer information systems. The method we used to define the measures is to apply the
Goal Questions Metrics (GQM) paradigm to the two specific goals and its ten specific practices of
Integrated Project management Process Area in CMMI.
CRAM (Change Risk Assessment Model) is a novel model approach which can significantly contribute to the missing formality of business models especially in the change(s) risk assessment area.
Project Management has long established the need for risk management techniques to be utilised in the succinct definition of associated risks in projects and agreement on countervailing actions as an aim to reduce scope creep, increase the probability of on-time and in-budget delivery.
Uncontrolled changes, regardless of size and complexity, can certainly pose as risks, of any magnitude, to projects and affect project success or even an organisation’s coherence.
The document discusses risk management and provides details on risk identification, projection (estimation), and mitigation. It defines risk and outlines two key characteristics - uncertainty and loss. Risks are categorized by project, technical, and business types. Steps for risk management include identifying possible risks, analyzing each risk's probability and impact, ranking risks, and developing contingency plans for high probability/impact risks.
The document discusses risk management on high technology programs. It outlines the agenda for a 4 hour session which will cover the principles of risk management, introduce Continuous Risk Management (CRM), illustrate each CRM process area with examples, and familiarize participants with identifying risks. The document then discusses the five principles of risk management and explains concepts like the Mission-Oriented Success Analysis and Improvement Criteria (MOSAIC) framework for assessing project risk.
This document provides guidelines for successfully deploying risk management software. It discusses the importance of collaboration between the client and vendor project teams. Key factors that contribute to success include establishing clear communication plans, addressing risks and issues, and managing the project schedule, costs and scope. The document also covers defining and measuring critical success factors, establishing organizational hierarchies and reporting structures, focusing on data mapping and integrity, and managing workloads and change. The overall theme is that structure and flexibility are both important for risk management software deployments to be efficient and successful.
Running head critical path method1 critical path method7criticDIPESH30
This document discusses the critical path method (CPM) and its application in project management. It begins by introducing CPM and outlining its key steps: defining tasks, creating a flowchart of task relationships, identifying critical and non-critical paths, determining task times, and locating alternative paths. It then discusses schedule risk analysis and joint confidence level analysis as complementary project management techniques. Schedule risk analysis connects risk information to the project baseline schedule. Joint confidence level analysis provides a holistic view of cost and schedule risk, showing their correlation through a "football chart" shape. The document aims to explain how these techniques can improve project planning and management.
The document discusses project management certification and professional development. It provides information on several certification programs including:
- The International Project Management Association (IPMA) which offers 4 levels of certification and defines competency levels.
- The Association for Project Management (APM) in the UK, which is aligned with IPMA. APM offers qualifications from introductory to senior practitioner levels, and its certifications are undergoing revision to include a new entry level.
- Requirements to maintain certifications include continuing professional development hours and recertifying after a number of years.
The document also discusses APM's corporate membership, accreditation, and competence framework which is mapped to the IPMA competence baseline and
لمشاهدة ملفات الفيديو
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yq3nz9YaaUU&index=23&list=PL0CTRdzzWSMuvJ9nKHzyxGAYCapJMQ8_Y
للمتابعة في جروب المذاكرة
https://www.facebook.com/groups/PMP.SG
The document discusses project risk management. It defines risk management as identifying, assigning, and responding to risk throughout a project's life to help meet objectives. It describes risks as potential problems that could impede success and notes risk management can improve success by selecting good projects and developing realistic estimates. It outlines the major processes of project risk management as risk identification, quantification, response development, and control.
This document discusses the importance of continuous risk management for project success. It outlines five key concepts for effective risk management: 1) hoping is not a strategy, 2) single point estimates are inaccurate, 3) integrating cost, schedule, and technical performance is essential, 4) a formal risk management model is needed, and 5) risk communication is critical. The document emphasizes that risk management requires identifying risks early, quantifying their potential impacts, and developing mitigation plans. An effective risk management process is proactive rather than reactive and considers uncertainties as well as known risks.
Increasing the Probability of Success with Continuous Risk ManagementGlen Alleman
This document summarizes an article from The Measurable News publication that discusses increasing the probability of program success through continuous risk management. It describes how identifying, analyzing, planning, tracking and controlling risk on complex systems can help assess the maturity of an existing risk management process and determine actions needed to improve it. The article provides examples of root cause analysis, assumptions, and sources of risk, and argues that separating risks into aleatory and epistemic categories helps better measure the impacts of each type of risk. Continuous risk management is presented as a way to produce risk-informed decisions that can address issues leading to cost overruns, schedule delays, and shortfalls in technical performance.
Iwsm2014 defining technical risk in software development (vard antinyan)Nesma
This document defines and discusses technical risks in software development. It proposes that technical risks should be defined as the degree of uncertainty regarding the magnitude of difference between the actual solution implemented and the optimal solution. The document outlines research on identifying common technical risks faced by companies and defining risks in a way that supports effective risk assessment and quantification of impacts. Workshops with several companies identified 24 common technical risks. The document also discusses how software metrics can be used to assess technical risks by measuring unwanted consequences and properties of design artifacts.
This document summarizes key processes for project planning. It discusses planning communication management to identify stakeholders' information needs and develop an effective communication plan. It also covers planning risk management to define the risk management approach and plan, identifying risks, qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing risks, and developing risk response strategies. Finally, it discusses other key planning processes like planning procurement management and stakeholder management.
1) The document describes a risk management framework developed for semiconductor projects that combines elements from project management and failure modes and effects analysis.
2) The framework includes categorizing projects based on time and complexity, then applying a simplified failure modes and effects analysis process to identify risks.
3) The goal is to create a simple and easy to use risk management process that can be effectively applied in concurrent engineering environments common in the semiconductor industry.
This document provides a guide for the FIN 415 Final Exam, including sample true/false and multiple choice questions that may appear on the exam. It discusses risk management concepts like qualitative and quantitative risk analysis techniques, risk tolerance, and tools to manage risk. The guide provides answers to sample exam questions covering topics such as market risk, risk identification outputs, country risk analysis, and definitions of business risk.
The document discusses construction risk management. It defines risk management as dealing with hazards in commerce and industry. Every construction project has some level of risk. It outlines a three-tiered framework for risk management that includes risk detection, analysis, and response. Effective risk management requires open communication, monitoring of progress, adequate funding, and experienced personnel. A cooperative risk management model based on knowledge sharing and personal relationships can help lower costs and better allocate risks between parties.
Risk 0-risk-guide book for pmi-rmp by amer elbazMohamed Saeed
This document provides an overview of project risk management. It defines project risk management as including processes for risk management planning, identification, analysis, response planning, and controlling risk on a project. The objectives are to increase the likelihood and impact of positive events and decrease the likelihood and impact of negative events. It describes the six key processes: plan risk management, identify risks, perform qualitative risk analysis, perform quantitative risk analysis, plan risk responses, and control risks. It also discusses individual project risks versus overall project risk, stakeholder risk attitudes, and the iterative nature of project risk management.
This document discusses best practices for adopting agile methodologies in fixed-bid projects. It outlines some key challenges, such as lack of mutual trust between customers and vendors, low customer involvement, and difficulties with change management. The document recommends holding a "Pre-Game Workshop" at the start of projects to establish product vision, estimate scope and timeline, and agree on ways of working. It also emphasizes collaborative change management and building trust between stakeholders to enable flexibility within the fixed-bid model while following agile principles.
This document describes a case study of using a hybrid talent management model to improve project outcomes. The model combined regular team meetings, an employee suggestion scheme, self-managed teams, quality circles, and continuous competency development. It resulted in higher employee satisfaction and lower attrition, more ideas generated, higher revenue, better delivery performance, and increased customer satisfaction, especially regarding innovation and value. Tangible benefits included reduced application maintenance costs and improved system uptime. The hybrid model thus achieved project certainty through motivating talent and ensuring active employee involvement.
Risk Management In Software Product DevelopmentAmandeep Midha
The document discusses risk management in software product development. It presents the results of a study with three key findings:
1. 91% of respondents felt that scope and schedule-related risks must be considered.
2. 73% said dependent delivery of product components is a risk that requires consideration.
3. H0, that identifying and managing risks cannot avoid project failures, was disproved as over 90% of respondents felt identifying risks is important.
Integrated Project Management Measures in CMMIijcsit
Project management is quite important to execute projects effectively and efficiently. Project management
is vital to projects success. The main challenge of project management is to achieve all project goals,
taking into consideration time, scope, budget constraints, and quality. This paper will identify general
measures for the two specific goals and its ten specific practices of Integrated Project management Process
Area in Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). CMMI is a framework for improvement and
assessment of computer information systems. The method we used to define the measures is to apply the
Goal Questions Metrics (GQM) paradigm to the two specific goals and its ten specific practices of
Integrated Project management Process Area in CMMI.
CRAM (Change Risk Assessment Model) is a novel model approach which can significantly contribute to the missing formality of business models especially in the change(s) risk assessment area.
Project Management has long established the need for risk management techniques to be utilised in the succinct definition of associated risks in projects and agreement on countervailing actions as an aim to reduce scope creep, increase the probability of on-time and in-budget delivery.
Uncontrolled changes, regardless of size and complexity, can certainly pose as risks, of any magnitude, to projects and affect project success or even an organisation’s coherence.
The document discusses risk management and provides details on risk identification, projection (estimation), and mitigation. It defines risk and outlines two key characteristics - uncertainty and loss. Risks are categorized by project, technical, and business types. Steps for risk management include identifying possible risks, analyzing each risk's probability and impact, ranking risks, and developing contingency plans for high probability/impact risks.
The document discusses risk management on high technology programs. It outlines the agenda for a 4 hour session which will cover the principles of risk management, introduce Continuous Risk Management (CRM), illustrate each CRM process area with examples, and familiarize participants with identifying risks. The document then discusses the five principles of risk management and explains concepts like the Mission-Oriented Success Analysis and Improvement Criteria (MOSAIC) framework for assessing project risk.
This document provides guidelines for successfully deploying risk management software. It discusses the importance of collaboration between the client and vendor project teams. Key factors that contribute to success include establishing clear communication plans, addressing risks and issues, and managing the project schedule, costs and scope. The document also covers defining and measuring critical success factors, establishing organizational hierarchies and reporting structures, focusing on data mapping and integrity, and managing workloads and change. The overall theme is that structure and flexibility are both important for risk management software deployments to be efficient and successful.
Running head critical path method1 critical path method7criticDIPESH30
This document discusses the critical path method (CPM) and its application in project management. It begins by introducing CPM and outlining its key steps: defining tasks, creating a flowchart of task relationships, identifying critical and non-critical paths, determining task times, and locating alternative paths. It then discusses schedule risk analysis and joint confidence level analysis as complementary project management techniques. Schedule risk analysis connects risk information to the project baseline schedule. Joint confidence level analysis provides a holistic view of cost and schedule risk, showing their correlation through a "football chart" shape. The document aims to explain how these techniques can improve project planning and management.
The document discusses project management certification and professional development. It provides information on several certification programs including:
- The International Project Management Association (IPMA) which offers 4 levels of certification and defines competency levels.
- The Association for Project Management (APM) in the UK, which is aligned with IPMA. APM offers qualifications from introductory to senior practitioner levels, and its certifications are undergoing revision to include a new entry level.
- Requirements to maintain certifications include continuing professional development hours and recertifying after a number of years.
The document also discusses APM's corporate membership, accreditation, and competence framework which is mapped to the IPMA competence baseline and
لمشاهدة ملفات الفيديو
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yq3nz9YaaUU&index=23&list=PL0CTRdzzWSMuvJ9nKHzyxGAYCapJMQ8_Y
للمتابعة في جروب المذاكرة
https://www.facebook.com/groups/PMP.SG
The document discusses project risk management. It defines risk management as identifying, assigning, and responding to risk throughout a project's life to help meet objectives. It describes risks as potential problems that could impede success and notes risk management can improve success by selecting good projects and developing realistic estimates. It outlines the major processes of project risk management as risk identification, quantification, response development, and control.
This document discusses the importance of continuous risk management for project success. It outlines five key concepts for effective risk management: 1) hoping is not a strategy, 2) single point estimates are inaccurate, 3) integrating cost, schedule, and technical performance is essential, 4) a formal risk management model is needed, and 5) risk communication is critical. The document emphasizes that risk management requires identifying risks early, quantifying their potential impacts, and developing mitigation plans. An effective risk management process is proactive rather than reactive and considers uncertainties as well as known risks.
Increasing the Probability of Success with Continuous Risk ManagementGlen Alleman
This document summarizes an article from The Measurable News publication that discusses increasing the probability of program success through continuous risk management. It describes how identifying, analyzing, planning, tracking and controlling risk on complex systems can help assess the maturity of an existing risk management process and determine actions needed to improve it. The article provides examples of root cause analysis, assumptions, and sources of risk, and argues that separating risks into aleatory and epistemic categories helps better measure the impacts of each type of risk. Continuous risk management is presented as a way to produce risk-informed decisions that can address issues leading to cost overruns, schedule delays, and shortfalls in technical performance.
Iwsm2014 defining technical risk in software development (vard antinyan)Nesma
This document defines and discusses technical risks in software development. It proposes that technical risks should be defined as the degree of uncertainty regarding the magnitude of difference between the actual solution implemented and the optimal solution. The document outlines research on identifying common technical risks faced by companies and defining risks in a way that supports effective risk assessment and quantification of impacts. Workshops with several companies identified 24 common technical risks. The document also discusses how software metrics can be used to assess technical risks by measuring unwanted consequences and properties of design artifacts.
This document summarizes key processes for project planning. It discusses planning communication management to identify stakeholders' information needs and develop an effective communication plan. It also covers planning risk management to define the risk management approach and plan, identifying risks, qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing risks, and developing risk response strategies. Finally, it discusses other key planning processes like planning procurement management and stakeholder management.
1) The document describes a risk management framework developed for semiconductor projects that combines elements from project management and failure modes and effects analysis.
2) The framework includes categorizing projects based on time and complexity, then applying a simplified failure modes and effects analysis process to identify risks.
3) The goal is to create a simple and easy to use risk management process that can be effectively applied in concurrent engineering environments common in the semiconductor industry.
This document provides a guide for the FIN 415 Final Exam, including sample true/false and multiple choice questions that may appear on the exam. It discusses risk management concepts like qualitative and quantitative risk analysis techniques, risk tolerance, and tools to manage risk. The guide provides answers to sample exam questions covering topics such as market risk, risk identification outputs, country risk analysis, and definitions of business risk.
The document discusses construction risk management. It defines risk management as dealing with hazards in commerce and industry. Every construction project has some level of risk. It outlines a three-tiered framework for risk management that includes risk detection, analysis, and response. Effective risk management requires open communication, monitoring of progress, adequate funding, and experienced personnel. A cooperative risk management model based on knowledge sharing and personal relationships can help lower costs and better allocate risks between parties.
Risk 0-risk-guide book for pmi-rmp by amer elbazMohamed Saeed
This document provides an overview of project risk management. It defines project risk management as including processes for risk management planning, identification, analysis, response planning, and controlling risk on a project. The objectives are to increase the likelihood and impact of positive events and decrease the likelihood and impact of negative events. It describes the six key processes: plan risk management, identify risks, perform qualitative risk analysis, perform quantitative risk analysis, plan risk responses, and control risks. It also discusses individual project risks versus overall project risk, stakeholder risk attitudes, and the iterative nature of project risk management.
This document discusses best practices for adopting agile methodologies in fixed-bid projects. It outlines some key challenges, such as lack of mutual trust between customers and vendors, low customer involvement, and difficulties with change management. The document recommends holding a "Pre-Game Workshop" at the start of projects to establish product vision, estimate scope and timeline, and agree on ways of working. It also emphasizes collaborative change management and building trust between stakeholders to enable flexibility within the fixed-bid model while following agile principles.
This document describes a case study of using a hybrid talent management model to improve project outcomes. The model combined regular team meetings, an employee suggestion scheme, self-managed teams, quality circles, and continuous competency development. It resulted in higher employee satisfaction and lower attrition, more ideas generated, higher revenue, better delivery performance, and increased customer satisfaction, especially regarding innovation and value. Tangible benefits included reduced application maintenance costs and improved system uptime. The hybrid model thus achieved project certainty through motivating talent and ensuring active employee involvement.
The document discusses causes of delay in the erection of power transformers and reactors in India. It identifies 18 causes of delay which are categorized into 5 groups: internal, external, planning, contractor/vendor, and transportation/packaging issues. Some common delays included poor site conditions, material damage during transit, and rework activities. Analyzing project timelines showed 60% of sites experienced delays averaging 500,000 INR in additional costs per site. The document recommends focusing on storage areas, rework reduction, and security to save 40% of delay time and costs.
The document discusses metrics that can be used in agile projects, programs, and portfolios. At the project level, metrics include story points, velocity, burn-down/burn-up charts, defects, and time spent on features vs bugs. Program metrics include cycle time and process efficiency. Portfolio metrics include ROI, contribution margin, and prioritization changes. The document provides examples of using these metrics for planning, execution, risk management, and decision making at different levels of an agile organization.
The document discusses uncertainty analysis in project proposals through milieu analysis. It outlines several dimensions of proposals, including technical, financial, social and political. An illustration is provided analyzing proposal success based on these dimensions for various customer accounts. Results show the importance of relational dimensions like social and political factors in winning proposals. It is concluded that managing stakeholder relationships and networks throughout the proposal lifecycle is crucial for good decision making and securing projects. Future work should focus on better articulating customer needs and differentiating technology offerings.
Day 202-20-201135-20-201220-20-20-20maple-20-20paramita-20mukerji-13100801575...PMI_IREP_TP
The document proposes a new methodology called Alternate Planning Methodology (Alt-PM) to help projects proactively prepare alternate plans. It involves preparing guidelines and benchmarks based on past project data to determine the optimal number of alternate plans needed. The methodology is a two-step process where projects first calculate a total weight based on likely constraints and then use benchmarks to identify how many alternate plans should be created for each project phase. The goals are to systematically plan for potential changes, reduce project impacts, and improve outcomes.
Mulching was explored as a value engineering approach to enhance road safety and aesthetics through cost reduction for median plantations on a highway project in Andhra Pradesh. An experiment using mulch made from locally available paddy grass showed significant benefits - plant growth increased 3 times, foliage coverage doubled, and water consumption reduced by 52% - resulting in estimated annual cost savings of 12% per plant. The mulching technique was deemed a feasible eco-friendly innovation that could be standardized for road maintenance projects.
This document discusses challenges faced by women and empowering women for a better tomorrow. It identifies key challenges such as gender suppression, emotional guilt, self-negligence, weak networks, forcible quitting, and untapped potential. A SWOT analysis is conducted to examine weaknesses and threats. Solutions are proposed to overcome weaknesses including self-care, strong women's networks, communication, and realizing one's potential. Solutions are also suggested for society to overcome threats such as promoting gender equality, reducing social stigma, and supporting work-life balance. The document emphasizes that empowerment begins with gaining confidence and decision making skills at home and having supportive organizations and policies.
The document discusses using social networks in project management. It describes how social networks can provide benefits like increased business value, better stakeholder engagement, and improved collaboration for virtual teams. The document outlines how social networks can be applied to various project management areas such as scope definition, communications, collaboration, and risk management. It also provides examples of how tools like Twitter can facilitate project communications and information sharing through features like tweets, hashtags, and lists. Finally, the document discusses considerations for implementing social networks in projects, including training teams and defining rules for privacy and content management.
This document discusses using a middle-out balanced scorecard (BSC) approach to monitor benefits realization in large transformation programs. It describes the typical phases of a benefits management framework and how a BSC can be designed from the middle-out by starting with project level metrics and cascading them up to the program level. The middle-out BSC approach is more flexible than a top-down approach and allows measures to evolve over time. An example program BSC dashboard is provided to illustrate how benefits metrics can be tracked across different perspectives.
This document discusses how social networking can be used to promote ethical leadership. It recommends that organizations provide training to employees on ethical codes and proper use of social media. This helps ensure confidential information is not shared and prevents reputational damage. Social media can also be used for knowledge sharing, recruitment, and brand promotion in a transparent way. Maintaining strong ethics is important as it makes organizations more attractive to potential employees and saves costs of legal issues down the road.
This document discusses best practices for improving efficiency in distributed agile teams. It addresses common challenges such as limited time zone overlap, availability of stakeholders, and cultural differences. Some strategies proposed include daily video meetings to improve communication, assigning pseudo product owners at off-site locations to provide quick clarifications, and involving off-site teams in sprint planning and reviews to increase engagement. Recording important meetings allows off-site teams to review discussions later. Practices like these aim to enhance collaboration and trust between distributed scrum teams.
This document describes a Deployment Excellence Framework (DEF) to effectively adopt high maturity processes. The framework includes 3 interlinked cycles: 1) Identification Cycle to target initial units and stakeholders, 2) Initial Deployment Cycle focusing on awareness and success indicators, and 3) Sustenance Cycle increasing adoption scope and self-reliance. It also includes a feedback adapter for course correction. The case study illustrates using DEF to standardize an organization's project estimation processes and templates by deploying new estimation models and tools over 6 quarters.
The document discusses ways an offshore team improved engagement and ownership of a software project. The team increased communication, implemented regular status reporting, and delegated resources onsite. These changes built trust with partners and improved predictability. As a result, the offshore team took on more work, delivered additional features ahead of schedule, and received very positive feedback and requests for more offshoring from partners. However, challenges around testing automation, buffer management, and continuous learning remain.
This document discusses a case study of a 200-bed additional ward block project at an LD Hospital in Srinagar, India. It was a 48-month project with a budget of 31.07 crore INR (5.175 million USD). The document discusses some of the challenges faced in the project related to disconnect between stakeholders, missing change control processes, and lopsided budgets due to inadequate project definition in the early stages. It emphasizes the importance of entrepreneurial project management approaches and using a stage gate methodology to help address such challenges and ensure project success.
The document discusses how an innovation program at Tata Consultancy Services adopted Agile project management methodology to address issues they were facing. Some key problems prior to adopting Agile included frequent changes to delivery targets, spending too much time on requirements and design upfront, lack of transparency, and escalated issues. By introducing Agile with support from senior management, establishing user stories and sprints, and increasing transparency, the program benefited from improved planning, early feedback, on-time delivery, and quality.
The document discusses building a sustainable customer advocacy program. It recommends starting with identifying requirements, forming a program team, and creating a responsibility matrix. The process then focuses on delivering a tailored program to drive new customer acquisitions by shortlisting strong advocates and creating an advocacy messaging framework and outreach program. The final step is creating a tracker to monitor process efficiency and effectiveness against key performance indicators. Implementing this approach can significantly increase customer loyalty and give a competitive advantage.
This document discusses stakeholder management strategies for the successful implementation of India's Right to Education Act. It argues that stakeholder engagement and community mobilization are key, as seen in the success of India's polio eradication campaign. Specifically, establishing effective school management committees and increasing parental involvement can help address ongoing challenges like low learning outcomes and the enrollment of economically disadvantaged children. Proper monitoring of schools is also needed to ensure compliance with the act in practice, not just on paper. With coordinated efforts among all stakeholders, including government, schools, communities and volunteers, the goals of universal elementary education can be achieved.
The document provides information on project risk management processes and concepts. It discusses the seven processes of project risk management according to PMBOK, including plan risk management, identify risks, perform qualitative risk analysis, perform quantitative risk analysis, plan risk responses, implement risk responses, and monitor risks. It also covers key concepts such as different types of risks, risk thresholds, and considering stakeholder risk tolerance levels. Additionally, it provides an overview of uncertainty as a performance domain and describes what a tornado diagram is and how it can be used to determine the impact of various risks.
This document discusses tools and techniques for managing projects that have encountered difficulties and are at risk of failing. It provides two case studies as examples. The first case study describes a project that was 25% complete that was using a "big bang" approach across several countries. Early warning signs identified communication, team, and scope issues. The project was turned around by improving communication, quantifying scope changes, and better business/project alignment. The second case study describes a project 70% through time that faced significant technology challenges. Issues involved new technology, expanded scope, dispersed teams, and unaddressed risks. The project was salvaged by addressing these issues.
IRJET- Risk Management in Residential Project by Primavera SoftwareIRJET Journal
The document discusses risk management in residential construction projects, noting that identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks is important for project success. It reviews literature on risk management techniques like checklists and brainstorming. The document also states that residential projects often experience cost and schedule overruns due to risks, and developing a risk analysis model using software like Primavera could help quantify uncertainties and risks to improve project outcomes.
Construction project management & risk mitigationrajlaxmipardeshi
This document provides an overview of risk management in construction projects. It discusses identifying, analyzing, assessing, controlling, and monitoring risks. Key risks in construction include project finance, construction issues, environmental/geotechnical factors, and staffing problems. Risk identification methods like brainstorming and checklists are outlined. External risks beyond a organization's control, like economic/political changes, are also important to consider in risk management using tools like PESTLE analysis. The goal of risk management is to reduce costs and delays by planning for potential issues in a construction project.
Risk Management Methodologies in Construction IndustriesIRJET Journal
This document discusses risk management methodologies in the construction industry. It begins with an abstract noting that modern construction projects are complex, increasing unpredictability, and that risk management is not always consistently implemented. The document then provides an overview of the key steps in risk management processes: risk identification, analysis, evaluation, and treatment strategies. It explains the identification process involves creating checklists of potential risks, determining consequences, mapping risks, and categorizing risks. The analysis process is described as collecting data, quantifying uncertainties, and evaluating potential impacts. The document stresses the importance of risk management for construction companies and projects.
This document summarizes a dissertation submitted by Madhumanti Samaddar to fulfill requirements for a Post-Graduate Diploma in Management from the Institute of Management Technology (IMT) in Ghaziabad, India. The dissertation focuses on improving project management processes related to risk management. It presents literature on risk management practices in project management and models for achieving project management maturity. It also describes research conducted through industry surveys to understand current risk management awareness, practices, and maturity levels achieved in different industries like engineering, procurement and construction. The research aims to understand the relationship between project management maturity and effective risk management.
A risk management framework for distributed scrum using PRINCE2 methodologyjournalBEEI
The distributed Agile development approach has been accepted by software companies due to its promised benefits. However, due to the controversial nature of distributed and Agile development, significant challenges arise from spatial, temporal, social, and cultural differences between distributed teams. Scrum, as the most popular Agile methodology, assumes that team members work together in the same room. But this principle does not apply in a realistic scenario where Scrum teams are distributed in different locations. Hence, proposing a risk management framework is necessary in order to succeed such teams. The purpose of this research was to propose a risk management framework in Scrum using the PRINCE2 methodology, which includes the perceived risks in distributed Scrum projects and their causes and roots for managing these risks. By embedding distributed Scrum in delivery layer of PRINCE2 and considering perceived risk factors, along with a hybrid model, a risk management framework was suggested. This framework has been used in a case study, and the results showed its proper functionality in detecting and eliminating potential risks in the case under study. Also, using this framework led to higher team efficiency in terms of increasing the number of completed user stories in each sprint.
Episode 25 : Project Risk Management
Understand what risk is and the importance of good project risk management.
Discuss the elements involved in risk management planning and the contents of a risk management plan.
List common sources of risks in engineering and information technology projects.
Describe the risk identification process, tools, and techniques to help identify project risks, and the main output of risk identification, a risk register.
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
This document provides an overview of risk management. It defines risk and risk management, and describes the benefits of risk management such as minimizing problems and increasing project success. It also defines key risk management terms like risk, uncertainty, and risk tolerance. The document outlines the risk management process which includes steps like risk identification, analysis, evaluation, treatment, and contingency planning. It discusses techniques for risk assessment and provides examples of how to develop a risk management plan. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive introduction to the concepts and process of risk management.
D.Q1Information System and Enterprise Systems· Identify.docxtheodorelove43763
D.Q1:
"Information System and Enterprise Systems"
· Identify the key factors that companies should consider when deciding whether to buy or to build their own information systems. Explain your rationale.
· Select one (1) type of the four (4) enterprise systems (i.e., supply chain management, customer relationship management, knowledge management systems, and enterprise resource planning), and speculate on the main issues that companies may encounter when implementing the type of enterprise system that you have selected. Next, suggest two or three (2 or 3) general techniques that companies could use in order to mitigate the issues in question.
D.Q2:
"Management Support Systems"
· Review the main management support systems discussed in Chapter 12 of the textbook. Next, select one (1) such system, and describe its key components, capabilities, and the overall manner in which an organization could benefit from it. Include one (1) example of such application and related benefit(s) to support your response.
· Recommend two (2) strategies for designing a successful management support system for an organization. Provide a rationale to support your response.
D.Q3
"Expert Systems and Intelligent Agents"
· Use the Internet or the Strayer Library to research articles on expert systems and companies which use them. Next, select two (2) companies that currently use expert systems. Then, discuss the fundamental advantages and disadvantages of using expert systems instead of human expertise within the companies that you have selected. Provide a rationale to support your response.
· Select one (1) of the four (4) categories of intelligent agents, as discussed in Chapter 13 of the textbook, that is currently available. Identify the main risks of using intelligent agents in the category that you have selected. Next, speculate on one (1) way which you would use in order to mitigate the risks in question. Justify your response.
D.Q4
Collecting Cost and Schedule Performance Metrics" Please respond to the following:
· From the first and second e-Activities, develop one (1) innovative way to track key project costs (e.g., labor hours) for a complex project that lasts for two (2) years and involves more than fifty (50) resources. Be as creative as you like, and provide one (1) example which shows the significant ways in which your innovation would work in a real-world situation.
· Using the hotel project from Week 6 discussion, determine the best practice for conducting an earned value analysis for the project in question. Provide a rationale for your determination and one (1) specific example which illustrates the significant ways in which the best practice in question would work in real life.
D.Q5
"Steering Future Performance Back Toward the Baseline" Please respond to the following:
· Determine the fundamental impact of not using a project management tool which clearly displays the effect of delays in delivering work packages, as required per your project.
The document discusses designing next-generation threat identification solutions. It summarizes traditional threat modeling approaches and identifies challenges, such as incomplete threat coverage, inability to follow processes rigorously, and lack of suitability for new development scenarios. It proposes key elements for new solutions, including making the business the driver, empowering developers, using continuous and customizable processes, and taking a collaborative approach. The goals are to address resource constraints, conduct analysis throughout product lifecycles, and standardize flexible processes for different teams and products.
Risk management involves identifying potential problems before they damage a project. There are three main types of risks: project risks relating to budget, schedule, or personnel; technical risks regarding specifications or implementation; and business risks like building an unnecessary product. To manage risks, the probability and impact of each potential risk must be analyzed. Contingency plans are then developed to minimize disruption if risks occur. Finally, risks are controlled through avoiding, transferring, or reducing their impact on the project.
Software Project Risk Management Practice in OmanEECJOURNAL
Oman is a member of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). It is located in Southwest Asia and it has strategic significant boundaries, Overlooking the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and the Persian Gulf. It is the 80th in Global Innovation Index in 2019 and 63 in E-Government Development Index in 2018. Oman is an effective member of the Greater Arab Free Trade Agreement (GAFTA) and the World Trade Organization (WTO). Furthermore, Oman's government has continued efforts to develop local and foreign investments by signing a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the USA. Oman plays a significant role in investments due to its strategic location connected to the markets in the Gulf, the Middle East, Asia, and Africa. Oman's vision is to involve all new technologies to be always beside the developed countries. To achieve that, Oman established The Government Innovation Initiative to encourage government entities in creativity and introduce their suggestions to enhance governmental performance and enhance the efficiency in different fields. This is realized by involving modern technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cloud Computing, Virtual Reality Applications, and Blockchain. In Oman, the risk management approach is a core technique. Three major stages are applied systematically in risk management in software projects. These stages involve a) identifying the risk; b) analyzing and assessing the risk, and c) reaction to the risk. There is no doubt that the high risk belonged to business will have negative impacts on all of its participants. Wherefore, this paper sheds the light on that knowledge area. The aim of this paper is to review the present literature on risk management processes implemented in software projects. There is a dearth in the literature which covers the risk management area knowledge in Oman's organizations. This paper target finding out the commonly used frameworks or mechanisms in risk management in software projects. It also tries to collect the responses to state the various types of risk origins in the existing profit and non-profit organizations in Oman and to recognize the coming research trends in this area.
The document discusses risk management in software testing projects. It defines risk management and identifies key risks in testing like lack of tester training. It outlines the stages of risk management - risk assessment and risk control. Risk assessment involves identifying, analyzing and prioritizing risks. Risk control involves mitigating risks through actions, planning for significant risks, monitoring risks, and communicating risks. The project manager is responsible for leading risk management.
The document outlines a 7-step risk management framework for software development projects: 1) Analyze functional requirements, 2) Establish project scope and work breakdown structure, 3) Identify risky work packages, 4) Identify risk events, 5) Analyze risk probability and severity, 6) Develop a risk management plan, 7) Control risk. The framework involves stakeholders in risk analysis and response planning. It integrates risk management into the project cycle to help achieve objectives related to time, cost, quality and stakeholder satisfaction. An effective risk management plan and approach is necessary for software project success.
Risk management framework in Agile software development methodologyIJECEIAES
In software projects that use the Agile methodology, the focus is on development in small iterations to allow both frequent changes and client involvement. This methodology affects the risks that may happen in Agile software projects. Hence, these projects need a clear risk management process to reduce risks and address the problems before they arise. Most software production methodologies must use a framework for risk management, but currently, there is no such framework for the Agile methodology. Therefore, we present a risk management framework for projects that use the Agile methodology to help the software development process and increase the likelihood of the project’s success. The proposed framework states the necessary measures for risk management according to the ISO31000 standard at each stage of the Agile methodology. We evaluated the proposed framework in two running software projects with an Agile methodology by a number of expert experts. The results show that using our proposed framework increases the average positive risk reaction score by 49%.
IRJET- Risk Management in Construction: A Literature ReviewIRJET Journal
This document reviews literature on risk management in the construction industry. It begins with an abstract stating that risk management is key for successful construction projects. The introduction defines project risk and risk management, noting risks significantly impact construction projects in terms of cost, time and quality. The literature review then summarizes 15 research papers on various aspects of risk identification, analysis, response and management in construction projects. Key findings include that risk management knowledge and formal techniques are still lacking, risks are often perceived based on experience rather than analysis, and integrating risk management across project stakeholders is important for success.
The document discusses risk analysis and management for software projects. It defines risks as potential problems that could affect project completion. The goal of risk analysis is to help teams understand and manage uncertainty. Key aspects covered include identifying risks, assessing probability and impact, prioritizing risks, developing risk mitigation plans, and monitoring risks during the project. The document provides examples of risk categories, analysis steps, and strategies for proactive versus reactive risk management.
Kumar Bishwakarma gave a presentation on the basics of risk management. He discussed (1) reactive and proactive risk handling strategies, with reactive focusing on problems after they occur and proactive identifying risks in advance. He also covered (2) software risks like project, technical, business, known, predictable and unpredictable risks. Finally, he explained the process of (3) risk identification, projection, assessment, refinement, and developing a risk management, mitigation, monitoring and management plan to address risks throughout a project.
P
A
P
E
R
S
72 September 2009 ■ Project Management Journal ■ DOI: 10.1002/pmj
INTRODUCTION ■
A
ccording to the United Kingdom’s Royal Academy of Engineering, bil-
lions of pounds are wasted every year on new information technology
(IT) systems. Troubled public-sector IT projects such as the National
Health Service (NHS) National Programme for IT, the Child Support
Agency systems, and HM Revenue and Customs’ Tax Credits IT system have
attracted considerable negative press. They have overrun, cost millions of
pounds more than was budgeted, and, in some cases, have been cancelled
before their costs spiral even further out of control. Terms such as “nightmare”
and “disaster” tend to be attached to such projects. IT projects (the provision
of a service to implement systems and solutions, including a variety of hard-
ware and software products; (Howard, 2001) seem to be more problematic
than other types of projects, with a particularly high rate of failure (McGrew &
Bilotta, 2000; The Standish Group International, 2007; Whittaker, 1999).
Despite well-established best practice project management processes, project
managers appear to be ineffective in the light of such failure.
Organizations such as the Project Management Institute (PMI) and the
United Kingdom’s Association for Project Management (APM) promote best-
practice project management standards. As part of these standards, project risk
management is defined as the systematic process of identifying, analyzing, and
responding to risks. Risk is any project-related event, or managerial behavior,
that is not definitely known in advance but has the potential of adverse conse-
quences on a project objective (PMI, 2004). Project risk management claims to
enable project managers to effectively manage risk and minimize the adverse
influence of risk on the project outcome. However, we have found that IT proj-
ect managers often do not apply a process to manage risks. The reasons for this
vary. Nevertheless, the evidence behind this phenomenon is very scarce, often
descriptive, and inchoate. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether
best practice standards are applied, and if they are not, what reasons led the IT
project manager to decide not to actively approach and manage project risks.
The results show that IT project managers primarily face the problem of
cost justification. Facing costs and time constraints and the uncertainty of
the success of project risk management, they often decided not to actively
manage risks. However, with the benefit of hindsight, we see that such a
decision often turns out to be fatal. Not surprisingly, in projects where proj-
ect risk management is not used, a greater degree of risks materialize than in
those projects where the IT project manager does actively manage risks.
Project Risk Management
Risks may potentially endanger the ability of the project manager to meet
the predefined project objectives, such as scope, time, and cost; tasks may
The .
This document provides an overview of developing a stakeholder management system for large infrastructure projects. It discusses identifying stakeholders, analyzing them to determine their power/interests, and assessing their current engagement levels. The document then outlines developing stakeholder management plans with engagement strategies. These strategies aim to keep supporters engaged, neutralize sceptics, decrease negative impacts, and raise interest of disinterested stakeholders over the project life. The overall goal is an effective system to ensure stakeholder support and participation for project success.
This document discusses approaches to implementing agile project management processes for distributed teams across multiple locations. It describes two case studies where distributed agile was successfully used. In the first case study, agile allowed for more frequent releases, reduced defects, and leveraged global talent. Best practices like daily stand-ups, estimation games, and tools like JIRA were used. The second case study involved a larger team across more locations developing mobile apps. Specialized teams and automated processes in tools allowed complex work to be completed successfully using distributed agile. Both cases saw benefits like improved velocity, faster turnaround, and time to market.
The document discusses causes of delay in the erection of power transformers in India. It identifies 18 causes of delay which are categorized into 5 groups: internal, external, planning, contractor/vendor, and transportation/packaging. Common delays include material damage during transit, poor storage areas, rework activities, and lack of resources. Addressing three key delays - material damage, rework, and security issues - could save around 40% of delay time and 200,000 INR per site. Proper planning and adherence to quality processes are recommended to avoid delays and their impacts on costs, customer satisfaction, and safety.
This document outlines 10 commandments or principles for project success based on the concepts of mind, body, and soul. It begins with an introduction to the topic and definitions of key terms. It then describes 3 cardinal rules for project teams based on mind, body, and soul. The rest of the document outlines each of the 10 commandments for project success and discusses challenges in implementing them. For each commandment, it provides solutions categorized as knowledge/mind, action/body, and soul. The commandments focus on areas like scope management, cost estimation, team development, risk management, use of quality tools, and project monitoring and control.
The document describes IBM's Actuate program for project launches. Actuate aims to ensure projects are started right by facilitating key startup activities within 45 days. These activities are grouped under 10 focus areas like project scope, risk assessment, governance, and tools setup. IBM has seen benefits of Actuate like reduced surprises, improved risk assessment, and faster startup phase completion. Over time, Actuate coverage has increased while duration to complete activities has decreased, showing improved efficiency. Lessons learned include addressing delays in input documents and stakeholder availability.
This document discusses applying innovative models and theories to project management. It describes four main innovative concepts: TRIZ, morphological analysis, system concept-knowledge theory, and the method of focal objects. TRIZ involves analyzing patents to identify common inventive principles to solve problems and eliminate conflicts. Morphological analysis works backwards from outcomes to components rather than vice versa. The document argues that using these innovative models in project modeling software could provide more solution options to meet client objectives compared to current practices.
This document discusses how businesses can create shared value for both society and business through their operations and strategies. It provides four approaches for shared value creation: 1) Solve societal problems and create new business opportunities; 2) Align existing products to benefit society; 3) Improve internal operations; and 4) Choose a social cause to support that aligns with the business. Creating shared value can provide competitive advantages for businesses through new markets, cost savings, and increased loyalty while also generating employment, participation opportunities, and improved standards of living for communities.
The document discusses implementing an agile methodology on a project at Atos India while maintaining CMMI compliance. It describes challenges with a fresh, distributed team and how the company customized agile practices like adding two scrum masters, documentation standards, and mandatory pair programming. Metrics showed improved quality, reduced rework and schedule variance after adopting this blended agile-CMMI approach. A survey found the team benefited from better communication, collaboration and early problem identification. The customized process was added to Atos' global standards to provide benefits of both agile and CMMI frameworks.
The document discusses different approaches an IT services company can take to incubate emerging technologies and build capabilities around them. It describes three main approaches: the "deep dive first" approach where R&D explores a technology in-depth before bringing it to delivery units; the "hand in hand" approach where R&D and delivery units collaborate early in the process; and crowdsourcing challenges to the organization. It provides examples of how these approaches have worked or not worked for technologies like cloud computing, enterprise mobility, location intelligence and IoT. The document advocates that a collaborative approach involving both R&D and delivery units early on tends to be most effective for technology adoption.
This document discusses how project management needs to evolve to address changing trends in the business environment. Traditional methods of stakeholder management, communication, and human resources management need to transform into deeper client engagement, articulating client value, and talent management. Project delivery also needs to incorporate more consulting approaches. Additionally, innovation, consulting skills, and social technologies can help augment traditional project management. These changes will help organizations better engage customers, deliver higher value, and ensure project success in today's dynamic marketplace.
This document describes a statistical model created by Tata Consultancy Services to predict customer satisfaction levels. The model was built using data from 3000 customer projects where satisfaction decreased. It identifies factors that influence satisfaction positively or negatively. The model enables project managers to proactively monitor key factors, assess potential satisfaction impacts, and take action to improve outcomes. It has been implemented digitally and is helping the organization significantly improve customer satisfaction levels across many projects.
Social media, mobile devices, analytics and cloud computing (SMAC) have combined to create a technology ecosystem that supports project management. SMAC allows project managers to access information anytime from anywhere, collaborate more effectively with teams, and gain insights from analytics. While SMAC has benefits, successful adoption depends on factors like an organization's business model and culture. Project managers must redefine processes and best practices to leverage SMAC's value.
This document discusses implementing a "process way of life" culture within an organization. It involves three key steps:
1) Enabling people through fun and interactive training to increase process awareness. This helps ensure the right data enters systems.
2) Implementing common metrics and a single project management tool so internal and customer reporting is streamlined. This provides immediate feedback.
3) Recognizing and rewarding "process champions" and best practices to motivate adherence to processes and spread positive messages.
Benefits included more predictable project management, improved metrics, and effort/metrics being reported without reminders. The approach helped establish a consistent process culture.
The document discusses using an agile approach called Hybrid ASAP methodology for SAP implementations to overcome the limitations of the traditional waterfall approach. Hybrid ASAP combines aspects of ASAP methodology and agile methods like Scrum. It involves dividing the project team into smaller groups to work in parallel sprints. An initial product backlog is created using SAP accelerators and baseline builds. Then a lean business blueprint is made along with a release plan. Multiple sprints are conducted with dynamic updates to the product backlog at each sprint completion to deliver incremental working software. This allows for faster deployment, reduced risks and improved customer satisfaction over the traditional waterfall approach.
The document discusses how fusing aspects of traditional waterfall project management and agile methodologies can improve the chances of project success, especially for large upgrade or migration projects. It provides examples of different "fusion approaches", such as using waterfall delivery within agile iterations or applying agile execution techniques within a waterfall framework. The success of a fusion approach depends on variables like organizational culture, risk appetite, and governance structures. When applied appropriately, a fusion model can help complete projects on time and budget while minimizing risks.
Presentation by sathish nataraj sundararajanPMI_IREP_TP
This document discusses process excellence for new age project management. It describes tools like Advanced Product Quality Planning (APQP), target cost matching, target cost approach curve, point of no return (PONR), ABC analysis, and characteristic management that can be used to enhance the planning, steering, and reporting of projects. These tools help structure project management by aiding in planning, tracking project timelines and costs against targets, prioritizing parts, and ensuring all requirements are met. Using such tools in a standardized way across a company brings transparency and helps complete projects on time and on budget.
This document discusses the qualities of an entrepreneurial project manager. It argues that entrepreneurial project managers see beyond the typical constraints of time, cost and scope, and understand how projects fit within an organization's strategic goals and culture. They are able to motivate teams by communicating the bigger picture and building strong relationships. Entrepreneurial managers also anticipate challenges and adapt to changing priorities. While they face barriers like lack of growth opportunities, organizations benefit from supporting entrepreneurial managers through training, mentoring and providing challenging assignments to help them grow with the company.
This document describes the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe) which is a framework for implementing agile development practices at the enterprise level. It discusses how SAFe addresses the limitations of traditional waterfall development and scales agile to meet the needs of large projects. SAFe incorporates key lean principles and consists of three levels - Team, Program, and Portfolio. At each level it defines roles and practices for planning, prioritizing work, and delivering value in short iterations. The goal of SAFe is to synchronize collaboration across many agile teams to continuously and predictably deliver working software.
The document discusses how project managers can leverage recent advances in psychology to better manage human aspects of projects. It provides a framework for applying concepts from evidence-based psychology, positive psychology, and organizational psychology across the project lifecycle. The framework identifies common project management challenges and shows how psychological solutions like focusing on process over results, breaking work into small tasks, and praising effort over talent can address issues around negotiation, team motivation, and performance. The document advocates using a scientific, evidence-based approach to incorporate psychology into project management.
This document discusses approaches to implementing agile project management processes for distributed teams across multiple locations. It describes two case studies where distributed agile was successfully used. In the first case study, agile allowed for more frequent releases, reduced defects, and leveraged global talent. Best practices like daily stand-ups, estimation games, and tools like JIRA were used. The second case study involved a larger team across more locations developing mobile apps. Skill-based team structures and automated processes helped ensure success. Both cases saw benefits like improved velocity, faster turnaround, and time to market.
Tired of chasing down expiring contracts and drowning in paperwork? Mastering contract management can significantly enhance your business efficiency and productivity. This guide unveils expert secrets to streamline your contract management process. Learn how to save time, minimize risk, and achieve effortless contract management.
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Ellen Burstyn: From Detroit Dreamer to Hollywood Legend | CIO Women MagazineCIOWomenMagazine
In this article, we will dive into the extraordinary life of Ellen Burstyn, where the curtains rise on a story that's far more attractive than any script.
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1Q24_HYUNDAI CAPITAL SERVICES INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Anjudrolia 131008015750-phpapp02
1. Risk management framework using FMEA for concurrent and
complex engineering environments in semiconductor domain
by
Anju DROLIA
1
Anand HARDI
1
Jacques GALBRUN
2
[1] STMicroelectronics Greater Noida, India; [2] STMicroelectronics Crolles, France
Abstract
In the era of knowledge industry, risk management plays a vital role to improve the bottom line.
Business is more challenging in semiconductor Industries where product life-cycles are shorter, time-
to-market is more aggressive and uncertainty due to concurrent engineering is higher.
Post-project analysis done in our organization, indicate that majority of projects failed to control cost,
schedule & need due to weak project risk management. Silicon Defect data from problem analysis
with 8D methodology shows that Risk Management needs to be strengthened.
This Paper describes structured approach of Risk Management. We have built risk management
framework with the amalgamation of PM practices from PMBOK[1] and the FMEA[2] approach from
AIAG guidelines [6]. From PMBOK we took “what” of risk management and from FMEA we defined
“How” of the framework. We have extended this approach to establish Risk Management process by
using Boundary diagram and function analysis, which can be integrated from team level to Top
Management.
Risk management framework=f(“What” risk-management -PMBOK, “How” of FMEA)
The definition of the framework should be valid for variety of projects[3] types and complexity.
We categorize project types based on function of time and complexity-factor
Project_type = f(time, complexity-factor)
Time = 2 days-1year+ duration of projects
Complexity factor of a project is a measure of the interdependency, probability of changes and
uncertainties of elements[3]
The project needs to be analyzed according to five contexts[4], Simple, complicated, complex, chaotic
and disorder. We need to empower people and have the leverage to apply their creativity in this
complex situation[5] to move forward.
1. Introduction
In the era of knowledge industry and dynamic
market situation, risk management plays a vital
role to improve the bottom line of the
organization. Life is more challenging in
Fig 1
2. semiconductor domain where market cycles are typically shorter and the uncertainty is higher compared
to other traditional industries.
Hence if we see the characteristic of the semiconductor projects, they typically are as follows:
1. State of art; with strong R&D flavor
2. Focus on Time to market: Deadline driven
3. Concurrent Engineering: Product/Process Design, Development and Market evolving
simultaneously
4. Huge uncertainties
5. Highly knowledgeable and creative workforce
In this scenario we need a methodology which should show the value addition in the development
process and easy to use. Also from the above point we see that the Risk Management is one of the low
hanging fruit and if we can master that then we will be able to better negotiate the uncertainties and
navigate through the concurrent engineering environment.
2. Risk Management need and background
2.1. Ground Reality: Risk Challenges Today
Our organization, which has core competency to deliver highly technical products, has project manager &
teams who mainly focused on technical aspects hence there are various risk challenges being faced as
shown in the following table.
2.2. Problems’ analysis from 8Ds’ records for Risk Management needs
Ad-hoc approach
Partial or No Risk identified during project start
Major Risk Identified during project execution at
late stage when it is getting translated into an
issue
No Systematic Approach
Different approach being followed by teams which
results in ineffective Risk analysis
Risk Management is not planned hence risk
Identification is always done on crisis basis
Informal Risk Analysis e is done hence effectiveness is
person dependent
Process Awareness
Process awareness is very low in Project teams hence
risk effectiveness is not there
Project Managers lack know-how on various tools &
framework on Risk Management
Organizational Resistance
Project team's reluctance nature to share risk with next
level.
Risk exists in Project but since it is not known to
management level hence when it arrives , team tries to
avoid and it becomes issue
Project Manager develop resistance towards time
envolvement for risk management
Risk Challenges
3. Since 2010 we are collecting the different root causes of our problems. The collection is based on the
problem solving reports as issued from the 8D analysis (for Problem solving methodology) and in
particular from the 8D(D4)-Root cause analysis.
The Root cause analysis refers to the (n)WHYs methodology invented by Taiichi Ohno.
For each problem we collect at least 4 root causes: Technical occurrence root cause (TORC), Systemic
occurrence root cause (SORC), Technical escape root cause (TERC) and Systemic escape root cause
(SERC). There can be more in case of cause conjunction.
Problems analyzed are confirmed non-conformities (NCs) to the product requirements.
We use the "Pareto analysis” to quantify and rank the different causes of our NCs.
Domain expert as 8D specialists have categorized the root causes.
Risk management, by Design FMEA in our case, is in the SORC category since it is a mean to improve
design quality not a NC at a physical point of failure which is a TORC nor a mean to detect the NC once
introduced in the product.
The data covers nearly 3 years, from 2010 to 2012.
The rolling or cumulative distribution gives the same result. (See graphic below)
For the above analysis we strongly foresee the necessity to improve risk management in product design
and development in our organization.
3. Risk Management Framework: Concept
In-order to build practical and customized process which can be easily adapted in concurrent environment
and is also able to ensure effectiveness, we have considered following parameters
- Simple & Easy to use: There has been lot of discomfort among Project Managers to follow a
complete Risk Management process using different PM Tools which requires them to spend
sufficient time in understanding themselves & then coaching the team and even then team fear
4. Project
Categorization
Risk
Management
Risk Assesment
with un-certainty on its effectiveness. Hence keeping this view in mind, we have tried to make the
process much simpler and customized to current environment
- Simplified Process: we have used Standard FMEA approach which is already being followed in
the organization as a part of Quality standard. This approach reduces the detailed coaching
needs for project team hence simplifying the process.
- Effectiveness: For the effectiveness, we have provided standard look-up table to the project team
after doing detailed functional analysis on various project data, so that risk identification can be
simple, short & highly effective.
3.1. Process Flow of the Risk Management Framework
3.1.1.Project Categorization.
In the first place we do not subject all the projects to the elaborate risk management
framework. We identify the projects which qualify for detailed risk management and then we
go ahead for the same.
Project_type = f (time, complexity factor) where
Time = 2 days to 1year or more duration of projects
Complexity factor of a project is a measure of the interdependency and uncertainty of the
constituent elements [3].
The project needs to be analyzed according to the five contexts [4], Simple, complicated,
complex, chaotic and disorder. We need to empower people and have the leverage to apply
their creativity in this complex situation [5] to move forward. Project Complexity can be
further classified based on cost, QMS and needs.
Project_type = f (time, complexity (cost, QMS & need))
For the sake of simplicity, currently we have taken only 3 types for complexity i.e. simple,
complicated and complex and for the time duration also we created 3 categories namely
short, medium and long term duration. Using these 3 types in both the axis we created a
simple 3x3 [fig1] matrix which can be used as a look up table for easy navigation.
Organization can have their own rule in terms of which projects they should subject to
elaborate risk management assessment and which ones can be let off with light risk
management framework.
Project_type Categorization matrix:
Complexity of Project
D
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
Simple Complicated Complex
5. 1 2 3
Short Term 1 1 2 3
Medium Term 2 2 4 6
Long Term 3 3 6 9
Fig 1
3.1.2.Risk Management Frame Work
Once project_type categorization is done then we proceed for developing the risk
Management framework. Having a strong product quality orientation in the organization we
build the risk management framework with the marriage of PM practices from PMBOK[1]
and the FMEA[2] approach from ISO TS 16949. From the PMBOK we took the “what” of
risk management and from FMEA we defined the “How” of the framework. We have
extended this approach to establish Risk Management process by using boundary diagram
and functional analysis, which can be deeply integrated from team level to Top
Management.
Risk management framework =
f(“What” risk management from PMBOK, “How” of FMEA )
Project Risk Management [1] includes the process of conducting risk management
planning, risk identification, risk analysis, risk response, monitoring and control on a project.
The objectives of the project risk management are to increase the probability and impact of
positive events and decrease the probability and impact of negative events in the project.
From the domain of quality we used the concept of boundary diagram analysis which is part
of the Advanced Product Quality Planning. It separates the boundary between the system
under consideration called the design system and the system surrounding the design
system called the Surrounding System.
It helps in capturing the elements outside the boundary, which may become potential
Causes of failure with unwell Effect. Also included are the Sub systems/ Components that
need clearance from the system under consideration.
Using the boundary diagram and function analysis we created a set of look up tables to
identify and fill up the risk management frame work. These look up table help the
operational project managers to identify the risk and its impact very quickly. The elaboration
of the table is illustrated in the case study.
4. Risk Management Case Study
a. Project: As described above, we first identified one project which is considered to be highly
critical and needs detailed Risk management. There is a new technology development program
launched for key customer. This program demands aggressive specifications against market
6. competitiveness and very tight timelines to gain time to market benefits. Under this program, our
design unit needs to develop four product deliverables. Project Complexities & complication
involves following challenges.
New technical Challenges & specifications, requiring competitive solutions in the market
Technical Solution needs to be reusable as much as possible to take care of future
market needs
Frequent changing of Customer requirements
Highly un-stable & immature Technology
Two products (out of four products) being outsourced with two different companies
Communication Management complexity with different teams
Procurement handling
New methodologies to be introduced for development optimization needs
Aggressive time line of Project completion within 9months
b. Scope Detailing: Once project is identified, next step is to perform detailed project scope
analysis. Thus analyzed items can be further classified in two categories. Items which are linked
with product deliverable specifications are considered as part of Design FMEA and items which
were linked to product development to ensure product delivery are considered to be part of
Project Risk Analysis.
Design FMEA is a separate risk assessment practice being followed in our organization. Here we
are talking about Project Risk Management using FMEA approach hence once project scope
detailing is done, we are now able to identify specific scope which will be applied at IP/Library
level for risk assessments.
c. Define the Team: As per project scope needs, we identified following project Risk Analysis team
TEAM Attendance Reason
Team Leader M Project Team
Design FE Expert M
Design BE Expert M
Verification Expert M
Methodology Responsible M New Methodology
Technology Expert M New Technology Platform,New Design Flow
Design Flow Expert M
Customer representative X Changing specifications
QA Manager or FMEA
Expert
M FMEA process + procurement flow
Test Expert M IP Qualification
Design flow user X New Platform
M: Mandatory X: optional
Considering project complexities and having diversified FMEA teams in different locations,
First analysis is conducted at 3 different levels.
- 1st level: Functional Analysis to be done with internal project team
- 2nd level: Functional Analysis with external project team
- 3rd level: Functional analysis with technology, design flow & customer representatives.
7. d. Risk Identification: Next and most important step is to identify all possible risks
In-order to ensure the effectiveness of this step, we have done deep brain storming with various
Project Teams, PM & Quality Experts and tried to identify different failure modes existing in a
typical & complex project development cycle.
From the outcome of these discussions done at various levels, we could define a generic lookup
table which can be easily filled up or updated by project leader and it helps them to quickly
identify all possible failure modes as per their project complexities.
This functional analysis table describes project risk in 3 categories- need, schedule & cost. Any
risk realization will result in project failure in need, schedule or cost.
Below is the snapshot of functional table application for our current project
Item Function When How much (acceptance criteria) Failure Mode
Need
Align to Customer
requirement
MAT05 functional requirements partial functional specs
MAT05 safety requirements No specs
partial safety specifications
MAT05 Reliability requirements No specifications
partial mission profile specs
MAT05 Application Backward compatibility un-intended integration issue at SOC
Align to Technology
Requirements
MAT05 Compatibility to Platform specification,
Manufacturing Yield
partial specification
in-correct specifications
Align to CAD Flows compatibility to Flow Specifications partial specifications
Align to new
methodologies
MAT05 New Infrastructure, new development &
validation process
Process not defined
Process not reviewed
Prototype testing missing
Align to additional
needs for other
divisions
MAT0 -
MAT10
As per benchmarking/history statistics Not taken care
Partially done
Outsourcing model MAT05 -
MAT10
Licensing needs licensing needs defined
licensing needs partially defined
Data/Disk accessibility rights process process not defined
process defined partially
communication & reporting work model Process not defined
process defined partially
Schedule
Align to customer
requirements
MAT05 deliverable milestone needs partial milestones
un-intended milestones
Aligned to new
methodology needs
MAT05 Critical milestone needs no milestones
partial milestones
un-intended milestones
Manage pre-
requisites
MAT05-
MAT10
As per project development needs Pre-requisites delayed
Pre-requisites in-correct
Manage Specification
change
MAT05 -
MAT10
Agreed updated specs Not evaluated
Not agreed
Cost
Optimized
development cost
MAT05 -
MAT10
within forecasted budget cost overshoots
monitor
development cost
MAT05 -
MAT10
within forecasted budget exceed cost
un-intended cost
monitor cost of poor
quality/wastage
MAT05 -
MAT10
pre-requisite quality cost exceeds
Customer Defect cost exceeds
8. Item Function When How much (acceptance criteria) Failure Mode
Monitor skill set
versus Resource cost
MAT05 -
MAT10
as per agreed plan cost exceeds
cost not occurred
Monitor User-
training cost
MAT05 -
MAT10
as per agreed plan cost exceeds
cost not occurred
e. Risk Analysis: Risk analysis involves how project outcomes might change due to the impact of
risk event in that project. Once failure modes are identified, they are analyzed to identify
qualitative & quantitative impact of these risks on projects. We have defined following Risk
guidelines table to quantify risk impact.
Risk Severity Table:
Risk
Category
Label Value Definitions
Need
High 3 Requires decision with Platform/Customer interface
Medium 2
Requires decision with RM/PM as it impacts resource & schedules
& notification with platform/customer interface
Low 1 Requires decision at project team level but notification at PM/QM
Schedule
High 3
High delay (un-recoverable) in the critical path
or delay to customer plan (not negotiable)
or delay > 5%
Medium 2
Moderate delay in project plan
Moderate Delay to customer plan that can be negotiated or delay
up to 5% (Top Page Target)
Low 1
No Delay or insignificant delay which can be absorbed and
Customer plans not impacted
Cost
High 3 High (> 30% baseline cost)
Medium 2 Medium (> 10% but <30% baseline cost)
Low 1 Low (<= 10% baseline cost)
Risk Occurrence Table
Label Value Comment
Almost
Certain
3
Risk likely hood
Occasional 2
Rare 1
9. f. Risk Ranking & Prioritization: Next step is to rank & prioritize all risk so that high priority risks
can be accordingly assigned & planned. RPN is calculated here by multiplying SO (Severity &
Occurrence). Our Design FMEA methodology talks about severity ranking range from 1 to 9.
While in Project FMEA we have mapped these numbers into 4x1 tables
Label Value Risk Occurrence x Severity
Low 1 Low-Low
Medium 3
Low-Medium, Low-High, Medium-Low,
High-Low
High 6
Medium-Medium, Medium-High, High-
Medium
Critical 9 High-High
All risks, having RPN 6 or 9 are considered to be critical risk and needs to be planned for
mitigation & control actions.
5. Future Work :
Presently the first stage of the framework has been implemented, where we have defined the frame-
work and got the buy in from the team. We implementing above Risk Management framework on
current project (as identified above). Since Project is in Mat05 maturity, we have started with 1st step
of project scope identification and later to proceed with functional analysis.
Risk Implementation in current project will demonstrate project execution effectiveness and usage
simplicity.
Once this framework is completely demonstrated in current identified project, our next step to deploy
in other different projects and take forward it’s easy & seamless integration with Reporting system in
our organization so that it top level consolidation can be achieved.
6. Conclusion
Risk Analysis is an important aspect in the success of the project delivery, but it is seldom followed in
an appropriate way during the life cycle of the project. To overcome this we have tried to implement
the Risk Management Framework by keeping it
1. Simple: For the users, but lots of thought process goes in defining the lookup tables and
template
2. Sustainable: Since the decision points are easy to make as the good practices of PMBOK
and Quality domains are integrated
3. Value addition: Once the Management and operational PM community sees the value
addition they automatically take ownership to keep it a live document
7. List of Acronyms
MAT05 – Internal Maturity of an IP once specifications concluded
10. MAT10 – Internal Maturity of an IP, Cad Qualified
8. References
[1] PMBOK – Project Management Body of Knowledge, PMI
[2] ISO TS 16949: Quality standards
[3] Complexity Measurement: A New Comprehensive Metric for Project Management By Giuseppe Graci,
Dr. Balachandra Deshpande & David Martin, PM WORLD TODAY – FEATURED PAPER – DECEMBER
2010
[4] A Leader’s Framework for decision making by David J. Snowden and Mary E. Boone, Harvard
Business Review November 2007
[5] Project Management, Chaos theory and the Butterfly Effect By Robert Gordon & Wanda Curlee, PM
WORLD TODAY – FEATURED PAPER – DECEMBER 2010
Authors
Anju DROLIA
Anju Drolia has 14+ years of total experience in ST Micro-electronics with 8 years in
design development & project management activities and 6 years in program
management for different design groups. She is currently working as Program Manager in
SRAM Design Group.
Developing self-sustainable & highly effective PM Practices for design group is her keen
interest.
Anand HARDI
Anand has 23 years’ experience in semiconductor industry in diverse functions like
Libraries and IP development, Memory BIST, Test chip development, Silicon
qualification and Quality. He is heading CAD and Design Solutions Quality for the last
four years. His main focus currently is in quality methodologies in 8D problem solving,
Design & Project FMEA and Compliance to ISO/TS 16949 with a goal to achieve built-
in quality.
11. Jacques GALBRUN
Jacques have 30 years of experience in the microelectronic field having spent more
than 25 years with ST. He is an electronics Engineer from University Joseph Fourrier
Grenoble France.
He has publications and patent in the field.