Animal source food in human nutrition. Role of dairy products in human nutrition. Presentation of the book ‘Milk and dairy products in human nutrition”
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This document summarizes a presentation on the role of dairy products in human nutrition. It discusses how dairy provides important nutrients for growth and development. Dairy production is increasing globally, especially in developing countries in Asia and Africa. However, issues around feed, land, water and greenhouse gases pose challenges. Dairy development programs aim to improve nutrition, but often lack nutrition objectives and indicators to properly evaluate their impact. Overall, dairy can be part of a healthy, balanced diet and provides many important nutrients when produced and processed safely.
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Animal source food in human nutrition. Role of dairy products in human nutrition. Presentation of the book ‘Milk and dairy products in human nutrition”
- 1. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 1 Role of Dairy Products in Human Nutrition Jurjen Draaijer Animal Production Officer FAO Rome
- 2. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 2 FAO • Eradicating hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition • Importance of balanced, healthy, and sustainable diet • Knowledge Centre - Provide advice to member countries • Role and value of various foods • from production to consumption • Their role in human nutrition and health IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 3. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 3 “Milk and dairy products in human nutrition” Technical Editors: Ellen Muehlhoff Anthony Bennett Deirdre McMahon FAO, Nutrition and Agro-Industries divisions Rome, 2013 IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 4. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 4 Book Chapters 1. Intro 2. Production, demand and outlook 3. Composition 4. Dairy in diets 5. Components 6. Safety / quality 7. Nutrition programs 8. Development IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 5. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 5 Good Nutrition and Health • Food adequate in quantity (dietary energy) • + quality (diversity, nutrient content, food safety) • Essential for child growth & development • Body maintenance • Protection from diseases • Prerequisite for poverty reduction and development IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 6. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 6 Good Nutrition and Health • 870 m people undernourished (dietary energy, 2010-2012, 132m decrease from ’90) • 852 m in developing countries • 165 m <5y stunted (low height for age) 2011, 26% of all children, 35% decrease from ’90 • 101 m <5y underweight (composite indicator) • 52 m <5y wasted (low weight for height) • Micronutrient malnutrition (vit A, Iodine, Zinc, Vit B12, folate) IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 7. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 7 Dairy Production, demand, outlook • Increases in developing countries • Small-scale in margin • Milk consumption developing countries 2x • High income elasticity of demand • South Asia – growth highest, also SE Asia • Cow milk (83%), buffalo (13%), goats (2.4%), sheep (1.4%), camels (0.3%) IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 8. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 8 Dairy Production, demand, outlook Trends & emerging issues: • Growth E Asia, S Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa • Fastest growing agriculture sub-sectors • Production growth 2% annually 2012 – 2021 • Issues: feed, land, water, GHG, diseases • GHG – productivity • Consumption patterns / market standards / competition vs small-scale producers --- policies? IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 9. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 9 Dairy composition • 134 Kcal energy, 8 g protein, 7.3 g fat / day • Mainly cow milk • buffalo 2x fat • Goat milk rich in short/medium FA, digestible • Sheep, more fat / lactose • Dromedary – digestibility β casein, no β lactoglobulin IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 10. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 10 Dairy processing • Essential microbiological safety • Heat – degradation of vitamins, esp Vit C • Fortification – e.g. Vit A, D, C, Iron • Storage / light effects • Fermenting – easier digested • Cheese – whey proteins IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 11. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 11 Factors affecting milk composition • Species • Stage of lactation • Breed • No of lactations • Seasons • Age / health of animal • Feed • No. of milkings IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 12. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 12 Milk as part of a diet • high nutrient content • Milk fat – 50% energy in whole milk • fat soluble vitamins • 400 different fatty acids 60 percent saturated • high-quality protein, all essential amino acids • significant contribution to requirements for Ca, Mg, Se, Zinc, riboflavin, vit B12 and pantothenic acid • low in sodium and iron • Vit A (buffalo, goat), Vit C (sheep, dromedary) IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 13. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 13 Milk as part of the diet • Complicated - interaction nutrients • Bio-availability of e.g. Ca is high • no phytates, oxalates • Lactose/amino acids that enhance mineral absorption • First 2-3 y important for growth • Ca and Vit D most important for growth (also Potassium, Zinc, vit A, C, K, protein, energy) • Ca & Vit D interdependent • Vit D 5-15 μg/day – Ca 800-1,300 mg / day IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 14. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 14 Milk as part of the diet • Evaluate food as a whole not ingredients • E.g. fortification • Skimmed milk – less fat soluble vitamins • Low fat products – more sugar • Health claims sometimes misleading • Balance and variety fundamental IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 15. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 16 Safety • Food-borne illnesses • Processing proven to ensure safety • Risk management in value chain • Safety animal feed important (aflatoxin) • Animal health services IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 16. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 17 Dairy development programs • Review of programs • Dairy production, school milk, fortification, powder/blended foods • Nutrition evidence limited • Production: Nutrition objectives and indicators missing • School: positive, but fat/sugar • Fortification: Iron / Vit D positive – Zinc questionable IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 17. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 18 Dairy industry development programs • Focus on smallholders important • Women focus – effect on nutrition • Nutrition / income combined • Employment • Daily income • Private sector involvement • Priority to training and education • Long term approach • Need for nutrition objectives and indicators IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 18. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 19 Importance of Dairy in Nutrition – Conclusions • Milk part of healthy, balanced diet, energy/protein • Large part of needs for Ca, Mg, Se, riboflavin, vit B12 & pantothenic acid (B5), low in sodium, folate and iron • High income elasticity • Importance of nutrients working together • A lot of unknowns in nutrition / complexity • Importance of safety • Dairy programs – HH food security, health&nutrition, income, employment, poverty reduction • Nutrient component and indicators needed in development IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
- 19. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date 20 Thank you! IADG meeting – Berlin, 18 – 20 November 2015
Editor's Notes
- FAO’s mandate
- 2 years old, no nutritionist
- ‘61-2007, meat 3x, eggs 5x
- Only exceeding poultry meat and veg oil
- But varies geographically
- But varies geographically
- But varies geographically
- But varies geographically, phytates and oxalates inhibit Ca uptake
- As bacteria adjust
- As bacteria adjust
- As bacteria adjust