1) Operation Flood in the 1970s aimed to increase milk production in India and offer fair prices to consumers, making India the largest milk producer.
2) The program encouraged cross-breeding of indigenous Indian cows with European breeds, increasing milk yields but reducing the indigenous cow population.
3) A mutation in European cows thousands of years ago led to the formation of the A1 beta-casein protein variant in milk, rather than the A2 variant found in most other mammals including indigenous Indian cows.
4) The A1 protein variant may release BCM7 during digestion, which has been associated with health issues like heart disease, diabetes, and mental disorders. A2 milk is believed to be more protective.