Animal biotechnology is the use of science and engineering to modify living organisms, with the goals of making products, improving animals, and developing microorganisms for agricultural uses. Examples include creating transgenic animals through gene knock out or knock in technology. Round Oak Rag Apple, an influential dairy cow born in 1965, had over 80,000 daughters who produced a total of 53.1 billion kg of milk in 1944, which increased to 84.2 billion kg in 1997 due to genetic improvement through artificial insemination. Common animal biotechnologies include artificial insemination, progesterone monitoring, estrus synchronization, in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer, molecular markers, cryopreservation, semen and embryo sexing, cloning,

1. Md. Najmul Hossain
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, UODA

2. Md. Najmul Hossain
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, UODA
Animal Biotechnology:
Animal biotechnology is the use of science and engineering to modify living
organisms.
The goal is to make products, to improve animals and to develop microorganisms
for specific agricultural uses.
Examples:
creating transgenic animals, using gene
knock out or Knock in technology

3. Md. Najmul Hossain
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, UODA
Round Oak Rag Apple
Elevation (born 1965)
1. >80,000 daughters,
2. 2.3 million granddaughters, and
3. 6.5 million great-granddaughters
1944: 25.6 million animals; total annual milk production of 53.1 billion kg.
1997: 9.2 million animals; total annual milk production of 84.2 billion kg.
About half of this 369% increase in production efficiency is attributable to genetic improvement
enabled by AI
Applications

4. Md. Najmul Hossain
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, UODA
Applications

5. Md. Najmul Hossain
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, UODA
Applications

6. Md. Najmul Hossain
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, UODA
Applications

7. Md. Najmul Hossain
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, UODA
Extent of
use
Public and
government
acceptance
Current
technical
capability
for using
technology
Infrastructure
and materials
and tools
available for
using technology
Relative
cost
Skills
required for
application
Potential for
generating
impact (time
frame <10
years)
ARTIFICIAL
INSEMINATION
++ +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ +++
PROGESTERONE
MONITORING
+ +++ + + ++ ++ ++
ESTRUS
SYNCHRONIZATION
+ +++ + + ++ ++ ++
IN VITRO
FERTILIZATION/
EMBRYO TRANSFER
+ +++ + + +++ +++ ++
MOLECULAR
MARKERS
+ +++ + + ++ +++ +
CRYOPRESERVATION
+ +++ ++ + ++ +++ ++
SEMEN AND EMBRYO
SEXING
+ +++ + + +++ ++ ++
CLONING
+ + + + +++ +++ +
TRANSGENESIS/GE
0 + + + +++ +++ +
Current status of animal biotechnologies and factors influencing their
applicability in developing countries - GENETICS

8. Md. Najmul Hossain
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, UODA
The Technology Involved
in ABT
•Transgenics (also known as recombinant
DNA)
Transgenic animals created by two
methods
1. DNA microinjection
2. Embryonic stem cells & gene knock-
outs/ also Cre-loxP
•Cloning
•knock out technology
DNA microinjection
method

9. Md. Najmul Hossain
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, UODA
EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY
Thinking Critically
1) Is it acceptable to create an animal that feels no pain through the use of
animal biotechnology? Why or why not?
2) An animal has been used to create a promising new drug for the treatment
of many types of cancer. However, the process involved might bring pain to
the animal used to make the drug. Is this acceptable considering the end
result? Why or why not?
• Should we make the animal incapable of pain in this case? Why or
why not?

10. Md. Najmul Hossain
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, UODA
ETHICAL AND SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS: “playing God”
Two main areas of debate:
1. Animal Welfare
2. Religious Issues

11. Course Outline
 Animal physiology and metabolism- an overview.
 The principles of cell differentiation, growth and differentiation of
blood cells, genetic control of muscle cell differentiation, potency of
stem cells and prospects for medical uses.
 Hormonal control of development.
 Introduction to transgenic animals and overview of methodologies
for nuclear transfer.

12. Md. Najmul Hossain
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, UODA
Thank You
&
Welcome to the world of Animal Biotechnology