The document defines several core sociological concepts - society is defined as a system of social relationships that are interdependent and cooperate over time, while groups are collections of individuals with shared identity, interaction, and goals. Communities are groups of people living in a defined geographical area with social interaction and sense of belonging. Associations and institutions are organized groups and established forms of social structure that are created to achieve common interests or regulate social activities.
The Nature and Scope of Sociology include all the followings:
* The Sociological Perspective
*Seeing the Broader Social Context
*Foundation of Sociology
and many mores :)
Hope that this my Slides will help you to understand all the information :))
Man is a social animal who cannot live alone. Man begins his life in group of a family. Throughout the life, man forms different groups to fulfil different needs. Every group plays an important role in shaping the personality & socialization of a person.
This presentation explains the difference between society and community. It is basic difference often asked in sociology. People often get confused and use society and community word interchangeably but there is a difference between these words which is well explained in the slides.
scope of sociology
Sociology is a science has its own scope or boundaries. There is no one opinion about the Scope of sociology, There are 2 main schools of thought as regards to scope of sociology .
1. Formalistic or Specialist School
According to Formalistic school ..........
1. Sociology is not be a generalized, it is narrow type of study.
2. It should be confined to study
some specific aspect of society.
3. Sociology Should deals with Interpretation
of human Behaviour or individual behaviour.
4. According to this school
sociology is only the study of
relationship of individual ,no any
inter relationship with other
subjects.
The views of this school regarding scope of Sociology are ......
According to Vone – Sociology is a special science and is more important than general sociology.
criticism
This School have a very narrow scope of Sociology.
2. Sociology only deals with
study of social relationship.
3. Sociology not heaving any
relationship with other science.
2. Synthetic School
According to synthetic school ..........
Sociology is a general science & it’s scope is very vast .
2. Sociology should not limited it also deals with social problems .
Synthetic School
3. Society should be deals as a whole , it study every aspect of social life .
Ex. Marriage ,Stratification .
4. Sociology Having a relationship with other science.
The views of this school regarding scope of Sociology are ......
According to Hobb - House – Scope of sociology should be General & not Narrow. It should be study as a whole .
According to Sorokin – Scope of
sociology is a Systematic science with manifold Interaction.
This topic is related to sociology...
It is very useful for B.Sc. nursing students....
In this ppt include detail about society, community, difference between society and community, personal disorganization etc.
Social processes are the ways in which individuals and groups interact, adjust and readjust and establish relationships and pattern of behaviour which are again modified through social interactions. ... Interaction between individuals and groups occurs in the form of social process.
FAMILY AND MARRIAGE FAMILY AND MARRIAGE.pptxPRADEEP ABOTHU
Inside the Unit:
Family – characteristics, basic need, types and functions of family.
Marriage – forms of marriage, social custom relating to marriage and importance of marriage.
Legislation on Indian marriage and family.
Influence of marriage and family on health and health practices.
Among all human groups, the family stands out as the paramount primary group, constituting the simplest and most fundamental form of society. This foundational unit holds unparalleled significance as it is within the family that an individual, especially a child, develops their fundamental attitudes and values. Beyond its simplicity, the family nurtures enduring relationships, forming a small social group typically comprising a father, mother, and one or more children. The term "Family" itself, derived from the Roman word "Famulus" meaning a servant, underscores the historical and linguistic roots that emphasize its integral role in societal structures.
A family is a social unit characterized by close relationships, shared bonds, and mutual support among its members. It typically includes individuals connected by blood, marriage, or adoption, forming a fundamental group that plays a central role in the socialization, emotional well-being, and support of its members.
Family is a group defined by a sex relationship sufficiently precise and enduring to provide for the procreation and upbringing of children. -Maclver
Family is a more or less durable association of husband and wife with or without children or of a man or women alone, with children. - Nimkoff
Mating Relationship: A family originates with the establishment of a mating relationship between a man and a woman. This foundational connection forms the basis for the family unit's existence.
Form of Marriage: The mating relationship is formalized through the institution of marriage. Marriage serves as a societal and legal framework that solidifies the bond between partners, providing structure and recognition to the family.
System of Nomenclature: Each family is identified by a specific name and maintains a system of reckoning descent. Descent may be traced through either the male or female line, contributing to the family's unique identity and heritage.
Economic Provision: The head of the family typically engages in a specific profession, earning income to sustain the family. This economic provision is essential for meeting the family's material needs and ensuring a suitable standard of living.
Common Habitation (Surroundings): A family requires a shared dwelling or household for its residence. The presence of a home provides a conducive environment for childbearing and child-rearing, fostering a sense of stability and belonging within the family.
Emotional Bonds: Families are characterized by close emotional bonds among their members, forming a support system that contributes to the overall well-being and mental health of each family member.
Roles and Responsibilities: Distinct roles and responsibilities are
The Nature and Scope of Sociology include all the followings:
* The Sociological Perspective
*Seeing the Broader Social Context
*Foundation of Sociology
and many mores :)
Hope that this my Slides will help you to understand all the information :))
Man is a social animal who cannot live alone. Man begins his life in group of a family. Throughout the life, man forms different groups to fulfil different needs. Every group plays an important role in shaping the personality & socialization of a person.
This presentation explains the difference between society and community. It is basic difference often asked in sociology. People often get confused and use society and community word interchangeably but there is a difference between these words which is well explained in the slides.
scope of sociology
Sociology is a science has its own scope or boundaries. There is no one opinion about the Scope of sociology, There are 2 main schools of thought as regards to scope of sociology .
1. Formalistic or Specialist School
According to Formalistic school ..........
1. Sociology is not be a generalized, it is narrow type of study.
2. It should be confined to study
some specific aspect of society.
3. Sociology Should deals with Interpretation
of human Behaviour or individual behaviour.
4. According to this school
sociology is only the study of
relationship of individual ,no any
inter relationship with other
subjects.
The views of this school regarding scope of Sociology are ......
According to Vone – Sociology is a special science and is more important than general sociology.
criticism
This School have a very narrow scope of Sociology.
2. Sociology only deals with
study of social relationship.
3. Sociology not heaving any
relationship with other science.
2. Synthetic School
According to synthetic school ..........
Sociology is a general science & it’s scope is very vast .
2. Sociology should not limited it also deals with social problems .
Synthetic School
3. Society should be deals as a whole , it study every aspect of social life .
Ex. Marriage ,Stratification .
4. Sociology Having a relationship with other science.
The views of this school regarding scope of Sociology are ......
According to Hobb - House – Scope of sociology should be General & not Narrow. It should be study as a whole .
According to Sorokin – Scope of
sociology is a Systematic science with manifold Interaction.
This topic is related to sociology...
It is very useful for B.Sc. nursing students....
In this ppt include detail about society, community, difference between society and community, personal disorganization etc.
Social processes are the ways in which individuals and groups interact, adjust and readjust and establish relationships and pattern of behaviour which are again modified through social interactions. ... Interaction between individuals and groups occurs in the form of social process.
FAMILY AND MARRIAGE FAMILY AND MARRIAGE.pptxPRADEEP ABOTHU
Inside the Unit:
Family – characteristics, basic need, types and functions of family.
Marriage – forms of marriage, social custom relating to marriage and importance of marriage.
Legislation on Indian marriage and family.
Influence of marriage and family on health and health practices.
Among all human groups, the family stands out as the paramount primary group, constituting the simplest and most fundamental form of society. This foundational unit holds unparalleled significance as it is within the family that an individual, especially a child, develops their fundamental attitudes and values. Beyond its simplicity, the family nurtures enduring relationships, forming a small social group typically comprising a father, mother, and one or more children. The term "Family" itself, derived from the Roman word "Famulus" meaning a servant, underscores the historical and linguistic roots that emphasize its integral role in societal structures.
A family is a social unit characterized by close relationships, shared bonds, and mutual support among its members. It typically includes individuals connected by blood, marriage, or adoption, forming a fundamental group that plays a central role in the socialization, emotional well-being, and support of its members.
Family is a group defined by a sex relationship sufficiently precise and enduring to provide for the procreation and upbringing of children. -Maclver
Family is a more or less durable association of husband and wife with or without children or of a man or women alone, with children. - Nimkoff
Mating Relationship: A family originates with the establishment of a mating relationship between a man and a woman. This foundational connection forms the basis for the family unit's existence.
Form of Marriage: The mating relationship is formalized through the institution of marriage. Marriage serves as a societal and legal framework that solidifies the bond between partners, providing structure and recognition to the family.
System of Nomenclature: Each family is identified by a specific name and maintains a system of reckoning descent. Descent may be traced through either the male or female line, contributing to the family's unique identity and heritage.
Economic Provision: The head of the family typically engages in a specific profession, earning income to sustain the family. This economic provision is essential for meeting the family's material needs and ensuring a suitable standard of living.
Common Habitation (Surroundings): A family requires a shared dwelling or household for its residence. The presence of a home provides a conducive environment for childbearing and child-rearing, fostering a sense of stability and belonging within the family.
Emotional Bonds: Families are characterized by close emotional bonds among their members, forming a support system that contributes to the overall well-being and mental health of each family member.
Roles and Responsibilities: Distinct roles and responsibilities are
Indian Social Institutions; A Fundamental IdeaDrShalooSaini
This Power Point Presentation has been made while referring to the sociology books written by eminent, renowned and expert authors as mentioned in the references section. The purpose of this Presentation is to help the research students in developing an insight about the Indian Social Institutions: A Fundamental idea.
This presentation will give a basic idea about our society. This will be useful for students of BVSc & AH, MVSc, MSW, Btech dairy science, BSc Agri etc
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
Anil 2020 concepts in sociology society, institution, groups, association community
1. BASIC CONCEPTS
Society, Group, Community (Rural
and Urban), Association,
Institution
Dr. Anil Kumar
Assistant Professor
Department of Sociology
STJM PG College, Bilhaur, Kanpur
E-mail: anil.aina@gmail.com, Mob. 9451087122
2. Society
In the Structure of Society Marion Levy 4 Criteria which must be
present in the group to be considered as society are:
a. Existence longer than the life span of an individual.
b. It should recruit new members at least in part by means of
sexual reproduction.
c. General system of action
d. System of action should be self-sufficient.
Society is a system of usages and procedures, authority and
mutual aid, of many groupings and divisions, of controls of
human behaviour and other liberties. MacIver and Page.
Society may be defined as the total complex of human
relationships in so far as they grow out of action in terms of
mean end relationship. Talcott Parsons
3. Features and Types of Society
Features
Society is web of social relationship.
Society means likeness.
Society also implies differences.
Differences are subordinate to likeness.
Interdependencies
Cooperation
Society- Aggregate- Organism
Types
Tribal Society
Agrarian Society
Industrial Society
Post Industrial Society- Denial Bell
Modern Society- Capitalist, Universal, Rational
Risk Society-Ulrich Beck
Rural-Urban etc.
4. Group
A Social Group is a plurality of persons who have a common
identity, at least some feelings of unity, certain common goals
and shared norms, and fairly high level of interaction.
A social group is any collection of human beings, who are
brought into social relationships with one another. (MacIver
and Page, Society, 213).
Groups are aggregates or categories of people, who have a
consciousness of membership and of interaction. (Horton and
Hunt, Sociology, 158).
Characteristics
◦ Reciprocal Relations
◦ Sense of Unity
◦ Common Interest
◦ Similar Behaviour
◦ Group Norms
5. Types of Groups
Charles Cooley coined term Primary Group-
◦ Relatively Small Size
◦ Face to Face Association
◦ Unspecialized character of that association
◦ Relative Intimacy (Kingsley Davis questioned on we feeling, because it’s a
characteristics of community)
◦ Durable Relationship
Secondary Group-
◦ Impersonal
◦ Contractual
◦ Formal
◦ Rational Relationship
6. Types of Groups
In- Group, Out Group- W. G. (William Graham) Sumner
In- Group Belongings, Feel Pride, Strong Loyalty - Family, Clan, Alumni
Out Group – Hate, Enemy, Opposition in Politics
We Group, They Group
Reference Group- Hyman, R. K. Merton
◦ Aspiring members, Potential Members and Actual Members
◦ The American Soldiers (Book)
Quasi Group – A class, Sub-Caste
Electronic Communities- Face book Friends, Twitter and Whatsapp
7. Community
Three elements are relevant to a definition of community.
A community exists:
when a set of households is relatively concentrated in a
delimited geographical area;
their residents exhibit a substantial degree of integrated social
interaction; and
have a sense of common membership, of belonging together,
which is not based exclusively on ties of consanguinity.
Definitions:
Community is a human population living within a limited
geographic area and carrying on a common interdependent
life. (Lundberg, Sociology, 128)
Community is the total organisation of social life with a limited
area. (Ogburn and Nimkoff, A Handbook of Sociology,
269).
8. Features of Community
Group of People/ Concrete
Definite Locality
We Feeling
Natural Membership- Individual Born in Community
Specific Name
Rural Community- Culture
Urban Community – Civilization
Types of Community
A Residence Community (Ecological Community)-Village, City, State.
Moral or Psychic Community- Values, Belief or Origin
9. Association
We define association as that organised group, which created
to satisfy the common interest. MacIver and Page
An association can be called a group of people who come
together to achieve any particular purpose or goal and that too
for a limited period of time.
“An association is a group of social beings related to one
another by the fact that they possess or have instituted in
common an organization with a view to securing specific end or
specific ends.” Ginsberg
MacIver defines an association as 'an organization deliberately
formed for the collective pursuit of some interest or set of
interests, which its members share'
10. Association
Modem societies are characterized by presence of numerous
associations. These associations are of different varieties, of
different types, of different sizes and with different objectives.
Features
◦ concrete structure/Group of People
◦ Created/established
◦ Common Interest/Specific End(s)
◦ Membership is voluntary
Examples
◦ Architects Association, India
◦ UP Architects Association
◦ Alumni Associations
◦ Educational Institutions, NGOs, CBOs, SHGs
11. Institution
W. G. (William Graham) Sumner
Condition – Need- Idea – Habit- Folkway tujhfr;k¡Custom izFkk;sa- Mores
:f<;k¡ –Institutions laLFkk;sa
Alex Inkeles
First, are the political institution, concerned with the exercise of power
and which a monopoly on the legitimate use of force. Institution
involving the relations with other societies, including war, are also
considered to fall into the political category.
Second there are the economic institution, concerned with the
production and distribution of good and services.
Third, Expressive –integrative institution, including those dealing with
art, drama, ARCHITECTURE and recreation, represent a third set. This
group also includes institutions which deal with ideas, and with the
transmission of received values. We may, therefore, include scientific,
religious, philosophical, and educational organizations within this
category.
Forth, Kinship institutions, the forth main category, are principally
focused around the problem of regulating sex and providing a stable and
secure framework for the care and rearing of the young.
12. Institution
Institution are the established forms or conditions of
procedure characteristic of group activity. – Maclver and
Page, Society.p15
An institution consists of a concept (idea, notion, doctrine or
interest) and a structure.– W. G. Sumner, Folkways, p. 53.
The term total institution was coined by the
American sociologist Erving Goffman.
◦ Resocialization is defined as radically changing an inmate’s
personality by carefully controlling his or her environment.
◦ Resocialization is a two-part process. First, the staff of the
institution tries to erode the residents’ identities and
independence. Second, the resocialization process involves the
systematic attempt to build a different personality or self.