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Anatomy of ear
- 2. Developmental anomalies Embryology and anatomy of EAC Embryology and anatomy of pinna Topics under discussion 03 04 01 02 Mcqs
- 3. Parts of ear 1.external ear 2.middle ear 3.inner ear
- 4. External ear Tympanic membrane External auditory canal Consists of bony and cartilaginous parts Pinna 030201
- 5. 1.helix 2.anti helix 3.Targus 4.anti tragus 5.lobule 6.fossa triangularis 7.concha 8. scaphoid fossa
- 6. Bony Macewens triangle or Suprameatal triangle bony Spine of henle cartilaginous Cymba conchae Landmark for mastoid antrum
- 7. boundaries Superiorly --temporal line/supramastoid crest Anteriorly-posterosuperior segment of bony external auditory canal or post auricular groove Postero-inferiorly__tangent drawn to meet the above two lines Macewen triangle
- 9. Development of pinna 1st and 2nd branchial arch mesoderm 6 mesodermal thickenings formed by the mesoderm of 1st and 2nd branchial arches HILLOCKS OF HIS 1st arch—1st hillock — tragus 2nd arch—5 hillocks— form rest of the pinna Pinna
- 12. ● Divided into 2 parts Anatomy of external auditory canal-24mm Bony part -16 mm Cartilaginous part-8 mm
- 14. Cartilaginous part -outer 1/3rd Completely developed at birth length-8mm 01 02 03 04 Upwards,backwards and medially course Skin is thick and it contains ceruminous glands (which are modified apocrine/sweat glands Floor of the cartilaginous part is deficient Fissures of santorini
- 15. Bony part 16 mm 01 02 03 04 Direction Downwards,forwards, Medially Not completely developed at birth No hair follicles and ceruminous glands Isthmus Located 6mm lateral to the ™ Anterior meatal recess - dilation in the floor of the EAC Foramen of huschke Deficiency in the antero - inferior aspect
- 18. Preauricular sinus 01 Failure of fusion Of 1st & 2nd arch Sinus may get Infected & discharge on and off Seen in btwn tragus & ascending limb of helix I.e above tragus /root of helix 04 02 03 Rx: Surgical excision
- 19. Microtia & anotia Rx - reconstruction of pinna only at or after 6 yrs of age 01 Reason: 1.pinna attains adult size by 5 yrs -u can compare the other normal side 2. costal (rib) cartilage used as graft gets developed by 6 yrs Anotia - Absence of pinna Microtia - small pinna 03 02 04
- 20. Darwin’s tubercle ● A thickening on postero-superior portion of helix ● Unequal turning in of the helix,In the fetus ● It can be unilateral or bilateral
- 21. Call-aural fistula Developmental anomalies of EAC ● Normally ventral/anterior part of this 1st cleft which connects eac to neck disappears ● But if persists it leads to abnormal connection between eac and neck ● External opening is in between angle of mandible & sternocleidomastoid muscle ● Internal opening is in the floor of EAC
- 22. 1.pinna developed from 1st and 3rd pharyngeal arch 2nd pharyngeal arch 1st pharyngeal arch 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arch 01 02 03 04
- 23. 2.True regarding the marked below Persistent opening of 1st branchial arch First cleft anomaly Improper fusion of auricular tubercules Autosomal recessive pattern 01 02 03 04
- 24. 3.External auditory canal formed by 1st visceral pouch 2nd visceral pouch 1st branchial groove 2nd branchial groove 01 02 03 04
- 25. 4.Call aural fistula is 2nd branchial cleft anomaly 2nd branchial pouch anomaly 1st branchial cleft anomaly 1st branchial pouch anomaly 01 02 03 04
- 26. A newborn presents with bilateral microtia and EAC atresia.corrective surgery usually performed at 5-7yrs of age adulthood c puberty 01 02 03 04
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