parts of ear, parts of external ear, pinna and its parts, internal acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane , otitis externa, swimmers ear,

1. DR SANA YASEEN
ANATOMY DEPARTMENT

3. PARTS OF EAR
EXTERNAL EAR : sound receiver
MIDDLE EAR : sound conducting
INER EAR: converts sound waves
into nerve impulse

4. a. Pinna
b. External auditory
meatus
c. Tympanic
membrane
d. Middle ear cavity
e. Inner ear
( labirynth,
vesteble,
semicircular canal,
cochlea)
f. Vestibulo cochlear
nerve

5. EXTERNAL EAR
 Auricle/ pinna
 External acoustic meatus

9. BLOOD SUPPLY
Posterior auricular & superficial temporal artery
INNERVATION:
Lateral side:
Upper 2/3:
auriculotemporal nerve
Lower1/3: great
auricular nerve
Medial side:
Upper 2/3: lesser
occipital nerve
Lower1/3: great
auricular nerve
Root of auricle: vagus nerve

10. LYMPHATIC
 Lateral upper half: superficial parotid lymph nodes
 Medial: mastoid lymphnodes, deep cervical lymphnode
 Rest including lobule: superficial cervical lymphnodes

12. EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS/ ear canal
Is curved S shaped tube that, Conducts and collects sound
wave from concha to tympanic membrane.
 Is 2-3 cm long
 lateral end: bottom of conchae
Medial end: tympanic sulcus for tympanic membrane-
attached obliquely
2 parts:
Medial 2/3rd / inner – bony
Lateral 1/3rd / outer –cartilaginous (elastic cartilage)

13.  cartilagenous part is directed
upwards, backwards and
medially while bony part is
directed downwar, forward and
medially.
Canal is straightened by gently
moving auricle upward and
backward to counteract the
direction of the cartilagenous
part.
Junction between the two parts
is Isthimus, which is the
narrowist part of the eustachian
tube.

14.  Cartilaginous part contain
ceruminuous and sebaceous
gland.
Ceruminous glands- cerumen
(wax) to prevent maceration of
epithelium and warm humid for
effective vibrations of tympanic
membrane.
Wax: is a yellowish brownish
substance secreted from
ceruminous gland.
 Also has growth of hairs.

15. BLOOD SUPPLY
Outer part: superficial temporal and posterior auricular artery
Inner part: deep auricular branch of maxillary artery.
LYMPHATICS:
preauricular,post auricular, superficial cervical lymph node.
Anterior ½: Auriculo-temporal nerve
Posterior ½: auricular branch of vagus nerve
NERVE SUPPLY

16. TYMPANIC MEMBRANE / EAR DRUM
Is pink translucent partition
between EAM and middle ear
cavity
Oval shape, facing downward,
forward laterally
Has 2 surfaces:
Outer: concave lined by thin
skin
Inner: covered by mucous
membrane, provides
attachment to handle of
malleolus

17. Parts :
Upper 1/3: PARS FLACCIDA
(composed of areolar connective
tissue).
Lower 2/3: PARS TENSA (dense
irregular connective tissue)
Is thickest at the tip of handle call
UMBO.
Around periphery is fibrocartilaginuous ring attach to tympanic part of temporal
bone.
Composed of three layers
Outer epithelium layer: continuous with skin lining the meatus
Inner mucosal layer: continuous with the mucosa of middle ear
Middle fibrous layer encloses handle of malleus

19. Cone of light helps to see which ear it is

21. Function of T.M
Moves in response to air entering the EAM. transmits
the vibrations further in, to the bones of the middle ear.
Protects the inner ear

22. CLINICAL

23. BOIL IN EAR(FURUNCULOSIS)
 Boils occur
when a
bacterial skin
infection
develops in a
hair follicle or
oil gland.
 Over time, pus
collects in the
lump

25. SWIMMER’S EAR

27. Ear wax blockage:

29. SURFER’S EAR / EXOSTOSES

30. TYMPANIC MEMBRANE PERFORATION

31. PERFORATION OF TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

32. OTITIS EXTERNA
Otitis externa is a condition that causes inflammation (redness and swelling) of the external ear canal.
Otitis externa is often referred to as "swimmer's ear" because repeated exposure to water can make the ear canal
more vulnerable to inflammation.
Symptoms of otitis externa include:
ear pain, which can be severe
itchiness in the ear canal
a discharge of liquid or pus from the ear
some degree of temporary hearing loss
Usually only one ear is affected.
With treatment, these symptoms should clear up within a few days. However, some cases can persist for several
months or longer.

33. Most cases of otitis externa are caused by
a bacterial infection
irritation
fungal infections
allergies
damaging the skin inside your ear
regularly getting water in your ear (Getting
water in your ear is particularly significant,
because this can cause you to scratch inside
your ear, and the moisture also provides an
ideal environment for bacteria to grow).