Inguinal region anatomy

1. DR SAJEELA FURQAN
ANATOMY DEPT ATMC
INGUINAL REGION

2. OBJECTIVES
• Describe the formation of INGUINAL CANAL
AND ITS BOUNDARIES
• Extent of inguinal canl and its content.
• Formation of superfical inguinal ring ,its location
and structure passing through it
• Formation of deep inguinal ring and structure
passing through it.
• Clinical anatomy of inguinal canal( HENIAS)

3. INGUNAL CANAL
• It is an oblique passage in the lower part of anterior
abdominal wall ,just above the medial half of inguinal
ligament
• LENGTH= 4cm or 1.5 inches long
• DIRECTION=downward forward and medially
• INGUINAL CANAL extend from DEEP INGUINAL RING
toSUPERFICAL INGUINALRING
• DEEP INGUINAL RING is an oval opening in fascia
transversalis
• SUPERFICAL INGUINAL RING is a trianguler gap in he
external oblique aponeurosis

4. BOUNDARIES
• ANTERIOR WALL=Skin,superfical facia,external oblique
aponeurosis,lateral one third formed bry fleshy .fibers of
internal oblique muscle
• POSTERIOR WALL=Facia transversalis,extra peritonial
tissue perital perotinum,medial one third formed by conjoint
tendon ,some reflected part of inguinal ligament
• ROOF=arch fibers of internal oblique and transverse
abdomens muscle.
• FLOOOR=grooved upper surface of inguinal ligament and
medially br lacunar ligament

5. CONTENTS
• IN MALES =SPERMATIC CORD
AND ILLIOINGUINAL NERVE
• IN FEMALE =ROUND LIGAMENT
OF UTERUS AND ILLIOINGUINAL
NERVE

6. INGUINAL REGION(GROIN)

7. -Testis develops in posterior abdominal wall, it
descends by Gubernaculum and processus
vaginalis (anterior peritoneal fold) creating
inguinal canal to reach scrotum.
-It begins to descend in 2nd month I.U.L
-It reaches in iliac fossa at 3rd month
-It reaches at deep inguinal ring at 6thmonth
-It travels through inguinal canal in 7th month
-It reaches at superficial inguinal ring at 8m
-it reaches in the bottom of scrotum at 9th month
-
DESCENT OF TESTIS

8. FEMALE INGUINAL CANAL

9. LACUNAR LIGAMENT AND CONJOINT TENDON

10. Inguinal canal has 4 walls
Anterior, posterior , superior (roof) and
inferior (floor) walls
Anterior wall:
1. Aponeurosis of external oblique
2. Internal oblique muscle
Posterior wall:
1. Fascia transversalis
2. Conjoint tendon
ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR WALLS OF INGUINAL CANAL

11. Roof or superior wall:
Arched fibers of two muscles
a) internal oblique b) transverse abdominis
Floor or inferior wall:
a) Inguinal ligament b) lacunar ligament
ROOF AND FLOOR OF INGUINAL CANAL

12. Inguinal canal contains: (In males)
1. Spermatic cord.
2. Ilioinguinal nerve
(In Females)
1. Round ligament of uterus
2. Ilioinguinal nerve
CONTAINS OF INGUINAL CANAL

13. Indirect inguinal hernia: pass through deep
inguinal ring inguinal canal and superficial inguinal
ring to scrotum .
Direct inguinal hernia: pass directly through
inguinal triangle (bounded by inguinal ligament,
inferior epigastric artery and lateral border of
rectus abdominis muscle)
INGUINAL TRIANGLE (HESSELBACH’S
TRIANGLE)

14. INGUINAL HERNIA AND INGUINAL TRIANGLE

15. INGUINAL HERNIA
• What is an inguinal hernia?
• An inguinal hernia is a bulging of the contents of
the abdomen through a weak area in the lower
abdominal wall. Inguinal hernias can occur at
either of two passages through the lower
abdominal wall, one on each side of the groin.
These passages are called inguinal canals.

16. • How common are inguinal hernias?
• Inguinal hernias are relatively common. Researchers estimate that about
27 percent of men and 3 percent of women will develop an inguinal hernia
at some point in their lives.1
• hernia signs and symptoms include:
• A bulge in the area on either side of your pubic bone, which becomes
more obvious when you're upright, especially if you cough or strain
• A burning or aching sensation at the bulge
• Pain or discomfort in your groin, especially when bending over, coughing
or lifting
• A heavy or dragging sensation in your groin
• Weakness or pressure in your groin
• Occasionally, pain and swelling around the testicles when the protruding
intestine descends into the scrotum

17. DIRECT AND INDIRECT INGUINAL HERNIA
• Direct hernias protrude through the posterior
(back) wall of the inguinal canal. Indirect
hernias protrude through the inguinal ring.
• The midpoint of the inguinal ligament (the
midpoint between the ASIS and the pubic
tubercle) is just lateral to the mid-inguinal
point. It is an important surgical landmark of the
deep inguinal ring, that lies 0.5 inches above the
midpoint of the inguinal ligament.

18. THANK YOU