The document analyzes and compares different electronic laboratory notebooks (ELNs) for use in a biomedical research institute. It first describes a technical evaluation of six ELNs based on parameters like flexibility, ease of searching, collaboration features, and accessibility. Microsoft OneNote was found to meet most evaluation criteria. Two ELNs, OneNote and PerkinElmer Elements, were then tested by researchers and students through surveys. Researchers preferred OneNote and found tablet devices improved ELN use. The document concludes OneNote and survey feedback can help define essential ELN features and improve software development.
A Quick Guide For Using Microsoft OneNote As An Electronic Laboratory NotebookCourtney Esco
This document provides a quick guide for using Microsoft OneNote as an electronic laboratory notebook (ELN). It summarizes how OneNote's hierarchical structure can be adapted to an ELN workflow, with sections for projects, experiments organized across pages and subpages. It recommends labeling experiments and other entries with essential metadata. It also offers tips for acquiring all types of data, including negative results, and presenting data clearly with figures, tables, and other tools. Finally, it discusses how OneNote allows sharing of ELNs within and between labs and institutions to improve reproducibility and collaboration.
Journal Club - Best Practices for Scientific ComputingBram Zandbelt
This document discusses the importance of best practices in scientific computing. It notes that scientists rely heavily on software for research, with many writing their own code. However, most scientists are self-taught in software skills and may be unaware of best practices that could help them write more reliable and maintainable code. The document advocates treating software like a scientific instrument and following practices such as version control, testing, and automation. Adopting these practices could help reduce errors and make software easier to reuse.
Excited to share our vision for bioinformatics education available for students and researchers that want to apply advanced multi-omics integration and machine learning to large biomedical datasets. Practice and learn from real-life projects.
Using electronic laboratory notebooks in the academic life sciences: a group ...SC CTSI at USC and CHLA
This document summarizes a webinar on using electronic laboratory notebooks (eLNs). The webinar featured a presentation by Dr. Ulrich Dirnagl on his experience using eLNs to make research teams more efficient. He believes paper notebooks are outdated and that eLNs can help address the reproducibility crisis in research. The webinar covered the benefits of eLNs like collaboration, data sharing, and compliance with regulations. It also reviewed different types of eLNs and pricing models. While implementation challenges exist, eLNs were found to improve oversight, record keeping, and transparency if selected and supported properly.
USABILITY TESTING IN MOBILE APPLICATIONS INVOLVING PEOPLE WITH DOWN SYNDROME:...csandit
We present a review of research related to the usability testing of mobile applications including
participants with Down syndrome. The purpose is to identify good usability testing practices
and possible guidelines for this process when participants are people with this cognitive
disability. These practices and guidelines should account for their specific impairments. We
applied document analysis techniques to searches of scientific databases. The results were
filtered considering how well they matched the research topic. We processed and reported the
classified and summarized results. The main findings of this literature review is that mobile
applications usability testing including people with Down syndrome is an issue that has not be
comprehensively investigated. While there is some related research, this is incomplete, and
there is no single proposal that takes on board all the issues that could be taken into account.
Consequently, we propose to develop guidelines on the usability testing process involving
participants with Down syndrome.
Cloud computing in eHealthis an emerging area for only few years. There needs to identify the state of the
art and pinpoint challenges and possible directions for researchers and applications developers. Based on
this need, we have conducted a systematic review of cloud computing in eHealth. We searched ACM
Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, Inspec, ISI Web of Science and Springer as well as relevant open-access
journals for relevant articles. A total of 237 studies were first searched, of which 44 papers met the Include
Criteria. The studies identified three types of studied areas about cloud computing in eHealth, namely (1)
cloud-based eHealth framework design (n=13);(2) applications of cloud computing (n=17); and (3)
security or privacy control mechanisms of healthcare data in the cloud (n=14). Most of the studies in the
review were about designs and concept-proof. Only very few studies have evaluated their research in the
real world, which may indicate that the application of cloud computing in eHealth is still very immature.
However, our presented review could pinpoint that a hybrid cloud platform with mixed access control and
security protection mechanisms will be a main research area for developing citizen centred home-based
healthcare applications.
PhD presentation for the public defense of the dissertation entitled 'Bridging the gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the value of Living Labs as a means to structure user contribution and manage distributed innovation.' This was a joint PhD between Ghent University and the VUB.
Promotors:Prof. dr. Lieven De Marez, Universiteit Gent, Faculteit Politieke & Sociale Wetenschappen, vakgroep Communicatiewetenschappen and Prof. dr. Pieter Ballon, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Economische en Sociale Wetenschappen, vakgroep Communicatiewetenschappen
President of the jury:
Prof. dr. Gino Verleye, Universiteit Gent
Jury:
Prof. dr. Pieter Verdegem, Universiteit Gent
Prof. dr. Marcel Bogers, Associate Professorat Mads Clausen Institute, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark
Prof. dr. Esteve Almirall, Profesor Asociado at ESADE Business & Law School
Prof. dr. Seppo Leminen, Principal lecturer at Laurea University of Applied Sciences & Adjunct Professor at Aalto University School of Economics
USABILITY TESTING PROCESS WITH PEOPLE WITH DOWN SYNDROME INTREACTING WITH MOB...ijcsit
We present a review of research related to the usability testing of mobile applications including
participants with Down syndrome. The purpose is to identify good usability testing practices and possible
guidelines for this process when participants are people with this cognitive disability. These practices and
guidelines should account for their specific impairments. We applied document analysis techniques to
searches of scientific databases. The results were filtered considering how well they matched the research
topic. We processed and reported the classified and summarized results. The main findings of this literature
review is that mobile applications usability testing including people with Down syndrome is an issue that
has not be comprehensively investigated. While there is some related research, this is incomplete, and there
is no single proposal that takes on board all the issues that could be taken into account. Consequently, we
propose to develop guidelines on the usability testing process involving participants with Down syndrome.
A Quick Guide For Using Microsoft OneNote As An Electronic Laboratory NotebookCourtney Esco
This document provides a quick guide for using Microsoft OneNote as an electronic laboratory notebook (ELN). It summarizes how OneNote's hierarchical structure can be adapted to an ELN workflow, with sections for projects, experiments organized across pages and subpages. It recommends labeling experiments and other entries with essential metadata. It also offers tips for acquiring all types of data, including negative results, and presenting data clearly with figures, tables, and other tools. Finally, it discusses how OneNote allows sharing of ELNs within and between labs and institutions to improve reproducibility and collaboration.
Journal Club - Best Practices for Scientific ComputingBram Zandbelt
This document discusses the importance of best practices in scientific computing. It notes that scientists rely heavily on software for research, with many writing their own code. However, most scientists are self-taught in software skills and may be unaware of best practices that could help them write more reliable and maintainable code. The document advocates treating software like a scientific instrument and following practices such as version control, testing, and automation. Adopting these practices could help reduce errors and make software easier to reuse.
Excited to share our vision for bioinformatics education available for students and researchers that want to apply advanced multi-omics integration and machine learning to large biomedical datasets. Practice and learn from real-life projects.
Using electronic laboratory notebooks in the academic life sciences: a group ...SC CTSI at USC and CHLA
This document summarizes a webinar on using electronic laboratory notebooks (eLNs). The webinar featured a presentation by Dr. Ulrich Dirnagl on his experience using eLNs to make research teams more efficient. He believes paper notebooks are outdated and that eLNs can help address the reproducibility crisis in research. The webinar covered the benefits of eLNs like collaboration, data sharing, and compliance with regulations. It also reviewed different types of eLNs and pricing models. While implementation challenges exist, eLNs were found to improve oversight, record keeping, and transparency if selected and supported properly.
USABILITY TESTING IN MOBILE APPLICATIONS INVOLVING PEOPLE WITH DOWN SYNDROME:...csandit
We present a review of research related to the usability testing of mobile applications including
participants with Down syndrome. The purpose is to identify good usability testing practices
and possible guidelines for this process when participants are people with this cognitive
disability. These practices and guidelines should account for their specific impairments. We
applied document analysis techniques to searches of scientific databases. The results were
filtered considering how well they matched the research topic. We processed and reported the
classified and summarized results. The main findings of this literature review is that mobile
applications usability testing including people with Down syndrome is an issue that has not be
comprehensively investigated. While there is some related research, this is incomplete, and
there is no single proposal that takes on board all the issues that could be taken into account.
Consequently, we propose to develop guidelines on the usability testing process involving
participants with Down syndrome.
Cloud computing in eHealthis an emerging area for only few years. There needs to identify the state of the
art and pinpoint challenges and possible directions for researchers and applications developers. Based on
this need, we have conducted a systematic review of cloud computing in eHealth. We searched ACM
Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, Inspec, ISI Web of Science and Springer as well as relevant open-access
journals for relevant articles. A total of 237 studies were first searched, of which 44 papers met the Include
Criteria. The studies identified three types of studied areas about cloud computing in eHealth, namely (1)
cloud-based eHealth framework design (n=13);(2) applications of cloud computing (n=17); and (3)
security or privacy control mechanisms of healthcare data in the cloud (n=14). Most of the studies in the
review were about designs and concept-proof. Only very few studies have evaluated their research in the
real world, which may indicate that the application of cloud computing in eHealth is still very immature.
However, our presented review could pinpoint that a hybrid cloud platform with mixed access control and
security protection mechanisms will be a main research area for developing citizen centred home-based
healthcare applications.
PhD presentation for the public defense of the dissertation entitled 'Bridging the gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the value of Living Labs as a means to structure user contribution and manage distributed innovation.' This was a joint PhD between Ghent University and the VUB.
Promotors:Prof. dr. Lieven De Marez, Universiteit Gent, Faculteit Politieke & Sociale Wetenschappen, vakgroep Communicatiewetenschappen and Prof. dr. Pieter Ballon, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Economische en Sociale Wetenschappen, vakgroep Communicatiewetenschappen
President of the jury:
Prof. dr. Gino Verleye, Universiteit Gent
Jury:
Prof. dr. Pieter Verdegem, Universiteit Gent
Prof. dr. Marcel Bogers, Associate Professorat Mads Clausen Institute, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark
Prof. dr. Esteve Almirall, Profesor Asociado at ESADE Business & Law School
Prof. dr. Seppo Leminen, Principal lecturer at Laurea University of Applied Sciences & Adjunct Professor at Aalto University School of Economics
USABILITY TESTING PROCESS WITH PEOPLE WITH DOWN SYNDROME INTREACTING WITH MOB...ijcsit
We present a review of research related to the usability testing of mobile applications including
participants with Down syndrome. The purpose is to identify good usability testing practices and possible
guidelines for this process when participants are people with this cognitive disability. These practices and
guidelines should account for their specific impairments. We applied document analysis techniques to
searches of scientific databases. The results were filtered considering how well they matched the research
topic. We processed and reported the classified and summarized results. The main findings of this literature
review is that mobile applications usability testing including people with Down syndrome is an issue that
has not be comprehensively investigated. While there is some related research, this is incomplete, and there
is no single proposal that takes on board all the issues that could be taken into account. Consequently, we
propose to develop guidelines on the usability testing process involving participants with Down syndrome.
Mobile devices are now mainstream handheld computers providing access to computational power and storage that a decade ago was available only on desktop computers. In terms of chemistry informatics the majority of capabilities that were previously found only on desktop computers is fast migrating to mobile devices making use of the combination of powerful visualization capabilities, fast cloud-based calculations, websites optimized for the mobile platforms, and delivering “apps”. This presentation will provide an overview of how access to chemistry continues to be made increasingly mobile and specifically on how the Royal Society of Chemistry is contributing to this computing environment.
ACS 248th Paper 67 Eureka CollaborationStuart Chalk
This document discusses the Eureka Research Workbench (ERW), a digital platform for enabling international scientific collaboration. The ERW allows researchers to store all research notes, data, and files in a digital format using the Experiment Markup Language (ExptML) to capture different data types. It also facilitates collaboration between research groups by allowing all users to view shared data. The document describes a case study of international collaboration between research groups in Thailand and the US using the ERW to study endocrine disrupting chemicals. It also provides feedback from users and outlines future plans to improve translation features and data visualization tools to further support global scientific collaboration.
A Systematic Literature Review of Cloud Computing in Ehealth hiij
Cloud computing in eHealthis an emerging area for only few years. There needs to identify the state of the art and pinpoint challenges and possible directions for researchers and applications developers. Based on this need, we have conducted a systematic review of cloud computing in eHealth. We searched ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, Inspec, ISI Web of Science and Springer as well as relevant open-access journals for relevant articles. A total of 237 studies were first searched, of which 44 papers met the Include Criteria. The studies identified three types of studied areas about cloud computing in eHealth, namely (1) cloud-based eHealth framework design (n=13);(2) applications of cloud computing (n=17); and (3) security or privacy control mechanisms of healthcare data in the cloud (n=14). Most of the studies in the review were about designs and concept-proof. Only very few studies have evaluated their research in the real world, which may indicate that the application of cloud computing in eHealth is still very immature. However, our presented review could pinpoint that a hybrid cloud platform with mixed access control and security protection mechanisms will be a main research area for developing citizen centred home-based healthcare applications.
A poster by PF Anderson, Skye Bickett, Joanne Doucette, Pamela Herring, Andrea Kepsel, Tierney Lyons, Scott McLachlan, Carol Shannon, and Lin Wu for the 2017 Annual Meeting of the Medical Library Association.
The document describes the design and evaluation of an electronic class record system for Makiling National High School. It discusses:
1) The development of an electronic class record using Microsoft Excel that automatically computes student grades based on inputs from teachers.
2) Testing the functionality and accuracy of the electronic class record system.
3) Evaluating the acceptability of the electronic class record system through surveys of teachers, finding it was rated positively and would be implemented in the upcoming school year.
The trend analysis of the level of fin metrics and e-stat tools for research ...Alexander Decker
This document discusses the trend in use of financial metrics (fin-metrics) and electronic statistical (e-stat) tools for research data analysis among digital immigrant researchers. It analyzes 1720 empirical journals from various fields in Nigeria and beyond. The analysis found that most researchers still rely on manual rather than digital methods, which hinders international acceptance and originality. It was also found to be more common among lecturers without strong IT skills. The document recommends training to improve use of analytical tools and make research more credible, accurate, and internationally competitive.
11.the trend analysis of the level of fin metrics and e-stat tools for resear...Alexander Decker
This document discusses the trend in use of financial metrics (fin-metrics) and electronic statistical (e-stat) tools for research data analysis among digital immigrant researchers. It analyzes 1720 empirical journals from various fields in Nigeria and beyond. The study found that most researchers still rely on manual rather than digital analysis, which hinders international acceptance and originality. It recommends training to improve use of analytical tools and make research more credible, accurate and useful to individuals and society.
This document discusses using the T-BioInfo platform to provide practical education in bioinformatics. It describes how the platform can integrate different types of omics data and analysis into intuitive, visual pipelines. This allows non-experts to analyze and interpret complex datasets. Example projects are provided, such as using RNA-seq data to identify genes involved in a disease. The goal is to teach bioinformatics through collaborative, project-based learning without requiring programming skills. Learners would reconstruct simulated biological processes and contribute to ongoing analysis of real scientific datasets.
The EPGP informatics platform was developed to support a large collaborative study collecting phenotypic and genetic data on epilepsy patients. It includes applications for participant tracking, electronic data collection, data management, pedigree charting, specimen tracking, and EEG/MRI review. Over 3700 participants have been enrolled using this platform. A survey found that over 95% of users felt the platform was mostly or always successful. The platform allows efficient, reliable collection of data from multiple sites for large-scale genetic research studies of epilepsy.
Capturing Context in Scientific Experiments: Towards Computer-Driven Sciencedgarijo
Scientists publish computational experiments in ways that do not facilitate reproducibility or reuse. Significant domain expertise, time and effort are required to understand scientific experiments and their research outputs. In order to improve this situation, mechanisms are needed to capture the exact details and the context of computational experiments. Only then, Intelligent Systems would be able help researchers understand, discover, link and reuse products of existing research.
In this presentation I will introduce my work and vision towards enabling scientists share, link, curate and reuse their computational experiments and results. In the first part of the talk, I will present my work for capturing and sharing the context of scientific experiments by using scientific workflows and machine readable representations. Thanks to this approach, experiment results are described in an unambiguous manner, have a clear trace of their creation process and include a pointer to the sources used for their generation. In the second part of the talk, I will describe examples on how the context of scientific experiments may be exploited to browse, explore and inspect research results. I will end the talk by presenting new ideas for improving and benefiting from the capture of context of scientific experiments and how to involve scientists in the process of curating and creating abstractions on available research metadata.
Dr. Pragyan Paramita Parija's presentation outlines statistics and biostatistics concepts and discusses various statistical software tools used in public health. It introduces statistics and defines biostatistics as applying statistical tools to biological data from medicine and public health. The presentation describes steps for research, applications of statistical software in public health, advantages of using computer software, and commonly used software like Excel, Epi Info, SPSS, SAS, and R. It provides an overview of each software including costs, pros, and cons to help users select the appropriate software.
Slides from the presentation at IDAMO 2016, Rostock. May 2016.
Most scientific discoveries rely on previous or other findings. A lack of transparency and openness led to what many consider the "reproducibility crisis" in systems biology and systems medicine. The crisis arose from missing standards and inappropriate support of
standards in software tools. As a consequence, numerous results in low-and high-profile publications cannot be reproduced.
In my presentation, I summarise key challenges of reproducibility in systems biology and systems medicine, and I demonstrate available solutions to the related problems.
Making the introductory science lab accessible online apr 2012gregkp
Presentation to the 5th Annual Student Success Mid-Atlantic Regional Conference, Apr 2012; a look at the state and use of simulations and otehr approaches to making science lab content available online.
A survey of controlled experiments in software engineeringJULIO GONZALEZ SANZ
This survey analyzed 5,453 software engineering articles published between 1993-2002 and found that 103 (1.9%) reported controlled experiments. The experiments involved 113 total controlled experiments, with 12 articles reporting more than one experiment. Journals and conferences focused on empirical software engineering reported a higher percentage of controlled experiments. The experiments involved 207 scholars from 109 institutions in 19 countries, with the top-ranked scholar involved in 6 experiments and the top institution using 100 professionals as subjects.
The W3C PROV standard:data model for the provenance of information, and enab...Paolo Missier
The document summarizes the W3C PROV standard for representing provenance data. It describes provenance as recording the origins and processes involved in producing data. This allows researchers to verify results and understand how data was transformed. The PROV standard defines a model for provenance using entities, activities, and agents. It represents their relationships through properties like wasGeneratedBy and used. This enables tracking data derivations and transformations to ensure trust in published results.
Elsevier‘s RDM Program: Habits of Effective Data and the Bourne UlitmatumAnita de Waard
Elsevier's RDM Program: Ten Habits of Highly Effective Data
The document outlines Elsevier's research data management (RDM) program and efforts to support the effective management of research data. It discusses a "Maslow hierarchy" with 10 aspects of highly effective research data from stored to integrated. It provides examples of Elsevier's RDM tools and services like Hivebench, Mendeley Data, and DataSearch that help support storing, sharing, citing, and discovering research data. It also discusses collaborative RDM efforts like Force11, Research Data Alliance, and Crossref as well as journal initiatives to improve reproducibility. The document concludes with a proposed partnership where an institution could pilot and provide feedback on Elsevier's
Genomic epidemiology uses whole genome sequencing data from pathogens combined with epidemiological investigations to track the spread of infectious diseases. The document discusses making genomic epidemiology a widespread reality in public health. It outlines key requirements including building a user-friendly analysis platform, developing portable analysis pipelines, providing training to public health personnel, and improving information sharing between organizations.
How Can We Make Genomic Epidemiology a Widespread Reality? - William HsiaoWilliam Hsiao
The document discusses genomic epidemiology and the requirements to bring genomic sequencing into routine public health practice. It outlines two parts: (1) what genomic epidemiology is and why it is important; and (2) the requirements for genomic sequencing to be used routinely in public health. Whole genome sequencing is seen as a way to generate high quality pathogen genomes quickly and allow for more detailed tracking of disease spread compared to traditional methods. However, bringing genomic sequencing into public health practice requires overcoming barriers such as the need for user-friendly analysis platforms, training public health personnel in genomics, and improving information sharing between organizations.
Bibliometric analysis and survey on electronic nose used in agricultureIJECEIAES
Work carried out at the beginning of this century on improvements in semiconductor materials, transducers, sensors and artificial intelligence algorithms led to the rapid expansion of research topics related to the electronic nose, with diverse applications. Agriculture is a recent application field that needs a review of the usage of electronic noses in this field and the future challenges. The paper provided a bibliometric analysis and review of electronic noses used in agriculture. A search of published works on the e-nose and its applications in agriculture was carried out in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, which provide comprehensive citation data for academic disciplines worldwide. In the end, 2,953 documents were identified, and the data collected was analyzed mainly using the bibliometric toolbox, and then a deep study was carried out. The study results show that in the agricultural field, some works were achieved on different varieties of plants to detect disease or plant damage with very good results using electronic noses. However, less research was carried out to directly identify animals in crops like pests or environmental monitoring using electronic noses in agriculture. Some recommendations for future research efforts are finally provided.
COVID-19 VACCINATION CLASSIFICATION OF OPINION MINING WITH SEMANTIC KNOWLEDGE...dannyijwest
The Covid-19 ontology is to classify the data using a supervised learning approach in machine learning,
which has been preprocessed. Afterthe classification is done, with thehelp of opinion mining with decisionmaking, the classified data is stored in the database using semantic webontology using the protégé tool.
The data will be retrieved through SPARQL which helps to retrieve complex queries, followed by the
output based on the given query. This Covid-19 ontology helps in analyzing the risk factors and treatment
plans for the respective individuals i.e., students based on their given details which include diagnosis,
symptoms, and vaccination history. The information given by the students can be automatically processed
and with the help of SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language), the risk factor and treatment plans for the
students are inferred from the given knowledge.
The Writing Process For An Argument Is Shown In BlueLaurie Smith
The document discusses the writing process for an argumentative paper on HelpWriting.net. It involves 5 steps: 1) Create an account and provide contact details. 2) Complete a form with paper instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and choose one. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment. 5) Request revisions until satisfied, with a refund option for plagiarism. The process aims to fully meet customer needs through original, high-quality content.
Writing The Gre Argument Essay Step By Step GuidLaurie Smith
The document provides instructions for creating an account on the HelpWriting.net site in order to request that a writer complete an assignment. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete an order form with instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and choose one. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment. 5) Request revisions until satisfied, with a refund option for plagiarized work. The site aims to fully meet customer needs through this process.
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Mobile devices are now mainstream handheld computers providing access to computational power and storage that a decade ago was available only on desktop computers. In terms of chemistry informatics the majority of capabilities that were previously found only on desktop computers is fast migrating to mobile devices making use of the combination of powerful visualization capabilities, fast cloud-based calculations, websites optimized for the mobile platforms, and delivering “apps”. This presentation will provide an overview of how access to chemistry continues to be made increasingly mobile and specifically on how the Royal Society of Chemistry is contributing to this computing environment.
ACS 248th Paper 67 Eureka CollaborationStuart Chalk
This document discusses the Eureka Research Workbench (ERW), a digital platform for enabling international scientific collaboration. The ERW allows researchers to store all research notes, data, and files in a digital format using the Experiment Markup Language (ExptML) to capture different data types. It also facilitates collaboration between research groups by allowing all users to view shared data. The document describes a case study of international collaboration between research groups in Thailand and the US using the ERW to study endocrine disrupting chemicals. It also provides feedback from users and outlines future plans to improve translation features and data visualization tools to further support global scientific collaboration.
A Systematic Literature Review of Cloud Computing in Ehealth hiij
Cloud computing in eHealthis an emerging area for only few years. There needs to identify the state of the art and pinpoint challenges and possible directions for researchers and applications developers. Based on this need, we have conducted a systematic review of cloud computing in eHealth. We searched ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, Inspec, ISI Web of Science and Springer as well as relevant open-access journals for relevant articles. A total of 237 studies were first searched, of which 44 papers met the Include Criteria. The studies identified three types of studied areas about cloud computing in eHealth, namely (1) cloud-based eHealth framework design (n=13);(2) applications of cloud computing (n=17); and (3) security or privacy control mechanisms of healthcare data in the cloud (n=14). Most of the studies in the review were about designs and concept-proof. Only very few studies have evaluated their research in the real world, which may indicate that the application of cloud computing in eHealth is still very immature. However, our presented review could pinpoint that a hybrid cloud platform with mixed access control and security protection mechanisms will be a main research area for developing citizen centred home-based healthcare applications.
A poster by PF Anderson, Skye Bickett, Joanne Doucette, Pamela Herring, Andrea Kepsel, Tierney Lyons, Scott McLachlan, Carol Shannon, and Lin Wu for the 2017 Annual Meeting of the Medical Library Association.
The document describes the design and evaluation of an electronic class record system for Makiling National High School. It discusses:
1) The development of an electronic class record using Microsoft Excel that automatically computes student grades based on inputs from teachers.
2) Testing the functionality and accuracy of the electronic class record system.
3) Evaluating the acceptability of the electronic class record system through surveys of teachers, finding it was rated positively and would be implemented in the upcoming school year.
The trend analysis of the level of fin metrics and e-stat tools for research ...Alexander Decker
This document discusses the trend in use of financial metrics (fin-metrics) and electronic statistical (e-stat) tools for research data analysis among digital immigrant researchers. It analyzes 1720 empirical journals from various fields in Nigeria and beyond. The analysis found that most researchers still rely on manual rather than digital methods, which hinders international acceptance and originality. It was also found to be more common among lecturers without strong IT skills. The document recommends training to improve use of analytical tools and make research more credible, accurate, and internationally competitive.
11.the trend analysis of the level of fin metrics and e-stat tools for resear...Alexander Decker
This document discusses the trend in use of financial metrics (fin-metrics) and electronic statistical (e-stat) tools for research data analysis among digital immigrant researchers. It analyzes 1720 empirical journals from various fields in Nigeria and beyond. The study found that most researchers still rely on manual rather than digital analysis, which hinders international acceptance and originality. It recommends training to improve use of analytical tools and make research more credible, accurate and useful to individuals and society.
This document discusses using the T-BioInfo platform to provide practical education in bioinformatics. It describes how the platform can integrate different types of omics data and analysis into intuitive, visual pipelines. This allows non-experts to analyze and interpret complex datasets. Example projects are provided, such as using RNA-seq data to identify genes involved in a disease. The goal is to teach bioinformatics through collaborative, project-based learning without requiring programming skills. Learners would reconstruct simulated biological processes and contribute to ongoing analysis of real scientific datasets.
The EPGP informatics platform was developed to support a large collaborative study collecting phenotypic and genetic data on epilepsy patients. It includes applications for participant tracking, electronic data collection, data management, pedigree charting, specimen tracking, and EEG/MRI review. Over 3700 participants have been enrolled using this platform. A survey found that over 95% of users felt the platform was mostly or always successful. The platform allows efficient, reliable collection of data from multiple sites for large-scale genetic research studies of epilepsy.
Capturing Context in Scientific Experiments: Towards Computer-Driven Sciencedgarijo
Scientists publish computational experiments in ways that do not facilitate reproducibility or reuse. Significant domain expertise, time and effort are required to understand scientific experiments and their research outputs. In order to improve this situation, mechanisms are needed to capture the exact details and the context of computational experiments. Only then, Intelligent Systems would be able help researchers understand, discover, link and reuse products of existing research.
In this presentation I will introduce my work and vision towards enabling scientists share, link, curate and reuse their computational experiments and results. In the first part of the talk, I will present my work for capturing and sharing the context of scientific experiments by using scientific workflows and machine readable representations. Thanks to this approach, experiment results are described in an unambiguous manner, have a clear trace of their creation process and include a pointer to the sources used for their generation. In the second part of the talk, I will describe examples on how the context of scientific experiments may be exploited to browse, explore and inspect research results. I will end the talk by presenting new ideas for improving and benefiting from the capture of context of scientific experiments and how to involve scientists in the process of curating and creating abstractions on available research metadata.
Dr. Pragyan Paramita Parija's presentation outlines statistics and biostatistics concepts and discusses various statistical software tools used in public health. It introduces statistics and defines biostatistics as applying statistical tools to biological data from medicine and public health. The presentation describes steps for research, applications of statistical software in public health, advantages of using computer software, and commonly used software like Excel, Epi Info, SPSS, SAS, and R. It provides an overview of each software including costs, pros, and cons to help users select the appropriate software.
Slides from the presentation at IDAMO 2016, Rostock. May 2016.
Most scientific discoveries rely on previous or other findings. A lack of transparency and openness led to what many consider the "reproducibility crisis" in systems biology and systems medicine. The crisis arose from missing standards and inappropriate support of
standards in software tools. As a consequence, numerous results in low-and high-profile publications cannot be reproduced.
In my presentation, I summarise key challenges of reproducibility in systems biology and systems medicine, and I demonstrate available solutions to the related problems.
Making the introductory science lab accessible online apr 2012gregkp
Presentation to the 5th Annual Student Success Mid-Atlantic Regional Conference, Apr 2012; a look at the state and use of simulations and otehr approaches to making science lab content available online.
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This survey analyzed 5,453 software engineering articles published between 1993-2002 and found that 103 (1.9%) reported controlled experiments. The experiments involved 113 total controlled experiments, with 12 articles reporting more than one experiment. Journals and conferences focused on empirical software engineering reported a higher percentage of controlled experiments. The experiments involved 207 scholars from 109 institutions in 19 countries, with the top-ranked scholar involved in 6 experiments and the top institution using 100 professionals as subjects.
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The document summarizes the W3C PROV standard for representing provenance data. It describes provenance as recording the origins and processes involved in producing data. This allows researchers to verify results and understand how data was transformed. The PROV standard defines a model for provenance using entities, activities, and agents. It represents their relationships through properties like wasGeneratedBy and used. This enables tracking data derivations and transformations to ensure trust in published results.
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Genomic epidemiology uses whole genome sequencing data from pathogens combined with epidemiological investigations to track the spread of infectious diseases. The document discusses making genomic epidemiology a widespread reality in public health. It outlines key requirements including building a user-friendly analysis platform, developing portable analysis pipelines, providing training to public health personnel, and improving information sharing between organizations.
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COVID-19 VACCINATION CLASSIFICATION OF OPINION MINING WITH SEMANTIC KNOWLEDGE...dannyijwest
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output based on the given query. This Covid-19 ontology helps in analyzing the risk factors and treatment
plans for the respective individuals i.e., students based on their given details which include diagnosis,
symptoms, and vaccination history. The information given by the students can be automatically processed
and with the help of SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language), the risk factor and treatment plans for the
students are inferred from the given knowledge.
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centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
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providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
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and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
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cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
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A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
2. extent, academic research. In the past few years, the number of ELNs has increased consider-
ably from open-source software solutions to commercial ones.
Rubacha et al. [1] reviewed 35 ELNs commercially available and grouped them into five cat-
egories according to their primary market audience (research and development, quality assur-
ance/quality control, Biology, Chemistry, and multidiscipline). 20 ELNs were classified in
research and development category (e.g., LABtrack) but only two of them present multidisci-
plinary features (PerkinElmer E-Notebook and IDBS E-WorkBook). This classification also
reveals a balance in the ELN design complexity from multidisciplinary ELNs to domain-spe-
cific solutions (e.g., Studylog for animal research studies).
Recently, to expand the choice of multidisciplinary ELNs, Day et al. [2] improved a generic
ELN [3] by introducing plug-in based chemistry functionalities. Also, Voegele et al. [4] devel-
oped an open-source multidisciplinary ELN based on WordPress system. In addition, non-sci-
entific digital notebooks such as Evernote and Microsoft OneNote have been successfully
implemented as ELNs [5,6]. Despite detailed analysis of ELNs [1,5–8], a survey-based study
comparing their characteristics has not been documented so far.
The recent increase in use of touchscreen technology has further stimulated the develop-
ment of ELN software to improve its functionalities in tablet-based devices [9,10]. This will
contribute to the transition from PLNs to ELNs by giving the users a physical support to record
and visualize data. Wearable technology could also enhance the intended use of ELNs by pro-
viding immediate data access during experimentation (e.g., protocols). However, no study has
directly explored the usage of tablet-based devices nor wearable technology as ELN
complements.
With an aim to implement an ELN in our biomedical research institute, we performed a
technical comparison of six ELNs and conducted two survey-based studies to compare two
ELNs. In addition, use of tablet-based devices and wearable technology as ELN complements
was tested.
Materials and Methods
ELN evaluation
Evernote Free and Premium versions (Version 5.8.6.7519), Microsoft OneNote 2013 (Version
15.0.4763.1000 for Windows) linked to on-premise Microsoft SharePoint 2013, PerkinElmer
E-Notebook and Elements and Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA Notebook were technically evalu-
ated based on 5 main parameters including 42 subcategories. Free trial software licenses were
obtained for all ELNs.
Survey-based studies
Following technical evaluation, we selected two ELNs (PerkinElmer Elements and Microsoft
OneNote linked to on-premise Microsoft SharePoint 2013) to be tested in two survey-based
studies.
First, 28 scientists from 8 different laboratories volunteered for a 3-month pilot study: 17
tested only Microsoft OneNote, 5 only Elements and 6 both programs. Before the pilot study,
training courses were lectured by Microsoft OneNote and Elements experts. During the testing
period all experiments were recorded electronically by the volunteers. In addition, the partici-
pants used 20 iPads and 4 tablet-laptop hybrids during the study.
To evaluate both ELNs and to study the usage of tablet-based devices, group and individual
questions were included. Group questions were answered by each laboratory after analysis and
discussion of both solutions. Flexibility, Collaboration, Ease of searching, Image editing and
Analysis and Implementation of an Electronic Laboratory Notebook
PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0160428 August 1, 2016 2 / 11
Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No
661051.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared
that no competing interests exist.
3. Accessibility parameters were rated by the volunteers using a 5-point scale (Excellent-Good-
Average-Fair-Poor).
Second, a two days full-time workshop on ELNs was conducted for an independent group
of 80 students using OneNote and Elements. Students were asked to evaluate the aforemen-
tioned parameters of both programs via hands-on practical exercises. For example, students
evaluated Ease of searching by finding text in pre-made experiments/notes or rated Image edit-
ing by working with agarose gels images. The above-mentioned 5-point scale was also used to
rate both programs.
We also explored the functionalities of Apple Watch as a wearable ELN tool using Microsoft
OneNote application.
Results and Discussion
ELN selection
We chose 5 ELNs based on the literature and previous experience from other biomedical
research institutes. Thus, we select two non-scientific electronic notebooks, Evernote Free and
Premium versions and Microsoft OneNote linked to on-premise Microsoft SharePoint 2013
due to their successful implementation in academic research (Machina & Wild, 2013; Barber
et al., 2009). Moreover, the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (Germany) has effec-
tively implemented Microsoft OneNote as an ELN solution within a highly collaborative envi-
ronment. We also selected two scientific ELNs, PerkinElmer E-Notebook and Elements.
According to Rubacha et. al. (2011), E-Notebook is suitable for general science functionalities
with specific applications in Biology compared with 33 electronic notebooks. Moreover, the
E-Notebook has been successfully implemented at Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (Bel-
gium). Due to the success of this ELN, we also chose Elements, a new web-based solution also
developed by PerkinElmer. To broaden the analysis, we also include Dassault Systèmes BIO-
VIA Notebook.
ELN evaluation
ELNs were technically evaluated based on recommendations and conclusions of Machina &
Wild (2013) and Walsh & Cho (2013). Thus, 5 main parameters including 42 subcategories
were studied (Table 1). Overall, OneNote presents almost all subcategories evaluated (39/42),
followed by Evernote Premium version (31/42), BIOVIA Notebook (30/42), E-Notebook (28/
42), Evernote Free version (26/42) and Elements (23/42). The evaluation of these parameters
are detailed below.
Flexibility. This parameter evaluates the ability of an ELN to allow the users to create their
own workflow design. This takes into account how easy/flexible it is to collect data (e.g., drag-
and-dropping, file embedding and drawing), organize experiments and projects (e.g., data visu-
alization and hyperlinking) and to edit images or tables. Only OneNote presents all tested sub-
categories followed by E-Notebook, Elements and Evernote versions (Table 1).
Ease of searching. ELN searching options greatly improve the task of finding specific
information among notebooks such as DNA sequences, antibodies or protocol-related infor-
mation. We evaluated this by searching text in projects, experiments, images (Optical Charac-
ter Recognition) or different type of files (Table 1). OneNote, BIOVIA Notebook and
E-Notebook have been able to find text in most of the tested files compared with Elements and
both Evernote versions.
Collaboration. Academic and pharmaceutical research is often performed within a strong
collaborative environment including multiple team members, facilities and internal or external
laboratories from different disciplines (e.g., Chemistry, Proteomics) and preferences
Analysis and Implementation of an Electronic Laboratory Notebook
PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0160428 August 1, 2016 3 / 11
4. (Windows, Mac and Linux). Thus ELN’s collaboration and accessibility features are major
advantages compared with PLNs and should be prioritized in ELN software development.
In this concern, all ELNs present similar options to easily share information (Table 1). However,
concerning accessibility, OneNote, BIOVIA Notebook and Evernote versions could be used in all
tested platforms. Although E-Notebook only runs on Windows, virtualization technologies (e.g.,
VMware or Citrix) are available to allow non-Windows users access software like E-Notebook.
In modern technological environments, software only designed for Windows is less attrac-
tive if the use case is to have the broadest possible flexibility on technologies accessing the ELN
Table 1. ELNs evaluation.
Evaluation Parameters Evernote
Free
Evernote
Premium
Onenote Elements E-Notebook BIOVIA
Notebook
Ease of
searching
Text in pages/notes yes yes yes yes yes yes
Text in images (Optical Character Recognition,
OCR)
yes yes yes no no yes
Text in pdf files yes (1) yes yes (2) yes yes yes
Text in scientific files no no no no no yes (7)
Text in microsoft office files Word no yes yes (2) no yes yes
PowerPoint no yes yes (2) no yes yes
Excel no yes yes (2) no yes yes
Text in illustrator files no no yes (2) yes yes no
Flexibility Ability to link other pages/
notes
yes yes yes yes yes yes
Ability to drag and drop yes yes yes no yes yes
Ability to create your own
workflow design
yes yes yes no yes yes
Drawing and recording Freehand drawing no no yes no yes no
Audio recording yes yes yes yes yes no
Video recording no no yes yes yes no
Image editing yes yes yes yes yes yes
Microsoft Office files
embedding
Word no no yes no (4) yes yes
PowerPoint no no yes Yes yes yes (8)
Excel no no yes yes yes yes
Collaboration Ability to share pages/
notes
yes yes yes yes yes yes
Activity constantly updated
in shared notes
yes yes yes yes yes yes
Presentation mode for
meetings
no yes yes no no no
Sharing modes Can view yes yes yes yes yes yes
Can edit yes yes yes yes yes yes
Can edit and invite yes yes no yes yes yes
Accessibility Windows version yes yes yes yes (3) yes yes (9)
Mac version yes yes yes yes (3) no yes (3)
Linux yes (3) yes (3) yes (3) yes (3) no yes (10)
Web-based version yes yes yes yes no yes
External
resources
Android/iOS application yes yes yes no no no
Tablet-Smartphone yes yes yes yes (3) no yes (3)
Smartwatches yes yes yes no no no
Smartglasses yes yes yes no no no
Smartpens yes yes yes no no no
(Continued)
Analysis and Implementation of an Electronic Laboratory Notebook
PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0160428 August 1, 2016 4 / 11
5. software system. Elements, being a fully web-based solution, is suitable to be used in all
platforms.
External resources. This category evaluates the potential of an ELN to be used with exter-
nal tools such as tablets/smartphones, wearable technology (e.g., smartwatches or smartglasses)
or smartpens. These tools could improve the use of an ELN in several manners. Tablets and
smartphones connected to smartpens could give the users a physical support to record and
visualize data in PLN-like manner. Wearable technology could provide users with immediate
data access during experimentation in biosafety level 3 and 4 laboratories or radioactive rooms.
Only OneNote and Evernote versions are able to use the aforementioned external tools. Ele-
ments, being a fully web-based solution, can be operated in tablets/smartphones but it cannot
be connected yet to smartpens or wearable technology (Table 1).
Security and legality. ELNs overcome security and legality issues due to their ability to
date and archive legible and unchangeable content in a secure and retrievable way. Similarly,
ELNs provide options to authenticate experiments with a legally accepted electronic signature.
In contrast, PLNs could be easily manipulated to change dates, results or any other content.
Here we evaluated the ability of the ELNs to store data in different manners and to provide
options to achieve regulatory compliance and other related aspects (Table 1).
Evernote versions, OneNote and BIOVIA Notebook are able to store data locally and in a
cloud-based manner. E-Notebook stores data locally while Elements uses cloud storage. How-
ever, both programs along with OneNote can store data using private storage servers (Table 1).
Table 1. (Continued)
Evaluation Parameters Evernote
Free
Evernote
Premium
Onenote Elements E-Notebook BIOVIA
Notebook
Security and
legality
Data storage Local yes yes yes no yes yes
Cloud based yes yes yes yes no yes
Hybrid (local/cloud
based)
yes yes yes no no no
Private server no no yes yes yes no
Compatibility with
regulatory compliance
FDA 21 CFR part
11
no no yes (5) no yes yes
EudraLex Volume 4
Annex 11
no no yes (5) no yes (6) yes
Others Ability to encrypte
text
yes yes yes no no no
Versioning no yes yes yes yes yes
Ability to sign
documents
no no no yes yes yes
Summary: 26/42 31/42 39/42 23/42 28/42 30/42
(1) When.pdf file is not inserted in attachment mode.
(2) When file was inserted as a printout.
(3) Only through web version.
(4) Word documents are transformed to.pdf.
(5) When OneNote files are stored under specific Microsoft SharePoint configurations.
(6) Under specific configurations performed by PerkinElmer.
(7) In chemical structures.
(8) Can upload as file attachment or in PDF section
(9) NET client and web version.
(10) Not fully functional.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160428.t001
Analysis and Implementation of an Electronic Laboratory Notebook
PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0160428 August 1, 2016 5 / 11
6. A major data security concern lies on the usage of cloud-based systems [11–13]. Data secu-
rity and privacy protection issues could arise in all stages of data life cycle (Generation !
Transfer ! Use ! Share ! Storage ! Archival ! Destruction) and a comprehensive and
integrated security solution is needed [11–13]. In addition, physical access to servers hosting
the data is restricted when information is stored ex situ. As a result, sensitive data (e.g, Patient-
derived information) is at risk from insider attacks. Indeed, The Cloud Security Alliance Report
(2016) ranked insider attacks in the top 12 biggest threats to cloud computing [13]. To over-
come those problems an on-premise private storage system could be implemented. In this con-
cern, E-Notebook, Elements and OneNote provide this option.
Concerning regulatory compliance, we have evaluated the compatibility of the ELNs to
achieve compliance for two international regulations: 1) The Food and Drug Administration's
Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 Part 11 (FDA 21 CFR Part 11) and 2) The EudraLex, The
Rules Governing Medicinal Products in the European Union, Volume 4, Good Manufacturing
Practice Medicinal Products for Human and Veterinary Use, Annex 11: Computerised Systems
(EudraLex Volume 4, Annex 11).
FDA 21 CFR Part 11 is a U.S. regulation that sets specifications on electronic records and
electronic signatures (ERES). EudraLex Volume 4, Annex 11 is the European equivalent of the
FDA 21 CFR Part 11; however, Annex 11 is a guideline not a regulation, as would be Part 11. It
is important to notice that Part 11 and Annex 11 apply to medical related industries such as
pharmaceutical and biotechnological companies. These regulations do not apply to most aca-
demic research institutes.
Evernote versions and Elements do not provide options to reach compliance for any of
these regulations. Conversely, E-Notebook has been developed to allow it to be installed,
deployed and used in a FDA 21 CFR Part 11 compliant manner. Under specific configurations
performed by PerkinElmer, E-Notebook could also reach Annex 11 compliance. BIOVIA
Notebook is also compliant with Part 11 and Annex 11.
Downloadable OneNote version is not compliance per se; however, OneNote, under specific
Microsoft SharePoint 2013 configurations, is able to provide customizable options to achieve
compliance. In this regard, Microsoft provides a SharePoint 2013 configuration guidance for
Part 11 compliance [14]. However, this document assists towards qualification while compli-
ance is completely up to the implementing party. In addition, software development companies
provide services to reach Part 11 and Annex 11 compliance (e.g. Montrium and Paragon
Solutions).
With respect to law issues, PLN is considered as the gold standard to protect researchers
from legal matters; e.g. intellectual property or fraud accusation. However, an ELN compliant
with Part 11 is considered as a legally accepted PLN replacement, even for the stronger regu-
lated pharmaceutical industry. Thus, downloadable OneNote version per se is not accepted as a
PLN replacement.
Regarding ERES, BIOVIA Notebook, Elements and E-Notebook provide options to elec-
tronically sign documents. However, experiments from Evernote and OneNote can be exported
en masse to.pdf format and signed electronically.
ELN selection for the survey-based studies
The 42 parameters evaluated in Table 1 do not represent a comprehensive score-based
approach to choose the best possible system. Instead, this technical comparison serves as a
pointer towards ELN adoption criteria based on the institutional needs. Thus, to further choose
two ELNs to be tested in two survey-based studies, we prioritized three subcategories related to
specific needs of our institute.
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7. As an academic biomedical research institute, working with patient-derived samples and
projects involving sensitive data, we first prioritized “Security/Data storage/Private server” sub-
category. In this concern, Evernote versions and BIOVIA Notebook were discarded due to
their inability to store data in an on-premise private server. We believe that ELN deployment
under an on-premise private storage system will avoid data security issues [11–13] related to
public cloud services such as the one provided by Evernote.
Since our institute is structured within a highly collaborative environment including multi-
ple computational platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux), we second prioritized “Collaboration/
Accessibility” subcategory. As this study aims to address the usage of tablet-based devices as
ELNs complements, we finally prioritized “External resources/Tablet-smartphone” parameter.
Thus, we discarded E-Notebook due to its inability to run in non-Windows platforms and tab-
let-based devices. In addition, most of our computational platforms did not meet the system
requirements to run this program and/or its virtualization technologies. We finally selected
OneNote and Elements for a proof-of-concept pilot study.
Survey-based studies
Two survey-based studies were performed to test Elements and OneNote (See Materials and
Methods). First, a group of 28 scientists tested both programs using tablet-based devices as
ELNs complements for a 3-month period. Five main parameters (Flexibility, Collaboration,
Accessibility, Ease of searching and Image editing) were rated by the volunteers using a 5-point
scale (Fig 1A).
Overall, the majority of surveyed scientists rated OneNote as good/excellent in all parame-
ters. Regarding Elements, the majority of volunteers rated Accessibility as good/excellent
(72%), Collaboration and Ease of searching parameters as average/good (72%), Flexibility as
fair/average (72%) and Image editing as fair/poor (63%) (Fig 1A).
We observed a correlation between the technical evaluation (Table 1) and the responses of
surveyed researchers (Fig 1A). For example, OneNote, which presents all Flexibility subcategories
(Table 1), was highly evaluated by the respondents (Fig 1A), while Elements, which presents 6
out of 10, was rated as fair/average by 72% of volunteers. Additionally, Elements and OneNote,
suitable for all operating system (Table 1), obtained a similar evaluation in Accessibility criteria.
Regarding group questions, 88% of volunteers agreed that ELNs could effectively replace
PLNs and improve data recording and sharing (Fig 1B). After discussion with their team mem-
bers, all surveyed researchers finally preferred OneNote as an ELN solution to be implemented
in our biomedical research institute (Fig 1B). This is puzzling considering that Elements was
designed as a scientific ELN and OneNote as a general note-taking program. Scientific ELNs
have clear advantages over general note-taking programs in standardized experimental settings
where experiments are performed routinely with high details on processed data. To understand
why researchers preferred OneNote over Elements, we analyzed the data generated during the
testing period. We found that all researchers performed non-standardized assays with little
experimental details. This could explain why researchers preferred a more flexible solution
such as OneNote. However, more research is needed to shed light on this particular aspect.
With respect to the usage of tablet-based devices as ELNs complements, 80% of surveyed
researchers reported that those devices improved the usage of ELNs in different manners. For
instance, 67% reported that ELN-tablets can substitute printed protocols and 88% reported that
those devices are more effective to discuss data in personal meetings compared to PLNs. How-
ever, tablets are not appropriate to replace the daily scrap papers used at workbench (Fig 1B).
Second, an independent group of 80 students evaluated the aforementioned parameters via
hands-on practical exercises (See Materials and Methods). Overall, the majority of students
Analysis and Implementation of an Electronic Laboratory Notebook
PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0160428 August 1, 2016 7 / 11
8. rated OneNote as excellent in all parameters except for Image editing, which was evaluated as
good (Fig 2A). Regarding Elements, all parameters were rated as good by the majority of the
participants. Similar to the first group, the majority of students (69%) preferred OneNote as an
ELN solution and 85% agreed that ELNs could effectively replace PLNs and improve data
recording and sharing in their laboratories (Fig 2B).
Wearable technology as ELNs tools
We finally explored the usage of Apple Watch as a wearable ELN tool using Microsoft One-
Note application. This application allows users to have direct access to their notes and visualize
data. For instance, users can consult their Protocols during experimentation (Fig 3A–3C); nev-
ertheless, only text-based notes can be visualized. This is a significant advantage when working
with large protocols or in places where PLNs are not usually used such as culture or radioactive
rooms. Apple Watch can also be used as a substitute for commonly used bench equipment
such as timers (Fig 3D) and chronometers (Fig 3E) and provide users with other advantages
such as calculators, alarms and reminders.
Fig 1. Results of the survey-based study amongst 28 scientists. (A) Individual questions. OneNote and Elements features were
evaluated by 28 researchers using a 5-point scale (Poor to Excellent). (B) Group questions. Histogram showing responses of surveyed
researchers concerning ELN selection and implementation and tablet-based devices as ELNs complements.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160428.g001
Analysis and Implementation of an Electronic Laboratory Notebook
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9. Conclusions and Future Perspectives
This work defines important aspects of ELNs characteristics summarized in 5 main parameters
that could be used to evaluate other ELNs and to improve their implementation and software
development. It is important to notice that these parameters should be prioritized depending
of the institutional needs. For example, pharmaceutical laboratories should prioritize regula-
tory compliance (Part 11 or Annex 11), while most academic institutions do not require these
regulations.
ELN security and legality parameters are still a matter of discussion and debate among
researchers and should be prioritized in future ELN software development. For instance,
options to store data in on-premise private servers would be highly desired to avoid cloud-
based security issues [11–13]. Additionally, private clouds services, dedicated to a single orga-
nization, are available in the market. These systems along with strong data encryption and
stringent security measures could also lead to a secure ELN usage.
Concerning the results of the survey-based studies, researchers and students positively rated
Elements and OneNote in all parameters. However, both surveyed groups preferred OneNote
as an ELN solution compared to Elements, which was specifically designed for scientific pur-
poses. This tendency towards OneNote could be due to its flexibility of gathering data from
non-standardized experiments. Nevertheless, more research is needed to understand this spe-
cific aspect. We finally conclude that tablet-based devices and wearable technology such as
smart watches could effectively be used as ELN complements.
Fig 2. Results of the survey-based study amongst 80 students. (A) OneNote and Elements features were evaluated by 80 students
using a 5-point scale (Poor to Excellent). (B) Histogram showing responses of surveyed students concerning ELN selection and
implementation.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160428.g002
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PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0160428 August 1, 2016 9 / 11
10. Over the past 4 years, several startups have emerged as promising innovative software com-
panies offering powerful ELNs (e.g. Benchling, Hivebench and Labfolder, among others).
Apart from fulfilling key ELN features, some of them also offer bioinformatics-related tools.
For instance, Benchling Lab Notebook presents integrated DNA tools to edit plasmids, design
primers and align sequences. In addition, Hivebench, which was recently acquired by Elsevier,
can now link Elsevier tools (Pure) and Mendeley Data repositories. Although the potential of
these companies is high, their development faces numerous startup-related concerns [15–17].
Despite these challenges, the future appears to be bright for these ELNs.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all E-Notebook, Elements and BIOVIA Notebook experts for their technical
support. We also want to thank all volunteers and all members of the CRG TIC and Legal
departments who participate in this study.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: SG DC. Performed the experiments: SG GD MIF AI
HPN NC DC. Analyzed the data: SG. Wrote the paper: SG GD ACA CPM MIF AI HPN NC
YD IDM DC. Gave technical support and conceptual advice at all stages of the project: NC YD
IDM DC. Designed and performed the survey-based study among 28 researchers: SG MIF
HPN NC YC IDM DC. Designed and performed the survey-based study among 80 students:
SG ACA CPM.
Fig 3. Apple Watch OneNote application as a wearable ELN tool. (A) Snapshot of OneNote (Windows version) showing a scientific protocol
inside a notebook called “Protocols Apple Watch”. (B) Snapshot of Apple Watch OneNote application showing protocols which are synchronized
with OneNote Windows version. (C) Snapshot of a specific protocol named “Thawing Frozen Cells”. (D) Apple Watch timer. (E) Apple Watch
chronometer.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160428.g003
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