[Webinar] An Introduction to the Yocto Embedded Framework
•
1 like•1,578 views
Yocto is an open source project that provides tools and templates for creating custom embedded Linux systems. It uses a build system called BitBake and metadata to automate the build process. This reduces development time and improves quality, stability, and repeatability. Yocto supports targets like ARM, PowerPC, MIPS and x86 and runs on common Linux desktop platforms. It allows building images, SDKs, and other artifacts for deployment on embedded hardware.
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Viewers also liked (20)
Similar to [Webinar] An Introduction to the Yocto Embedded Framework
Similar to [Webinar] An Introduction to the Yocto Embedded Framework (20)
More from ICS
More from ICS (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
[Webinar] An Introduction to the Yocto Embedded Framework
- 1. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved An Introduction to the Yocto Embedded Framework Jeff Tranter <jtranter@ics.com> Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc.
- 2. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Agenda • What is Yocto? • Why is it Needed? • What Yocto Provides • Benefits/Advantages • Limitations/Disadvantages • Yocto Versions • Other Framework Options • Yocto Architecture • Major Components • Using Yocto - Basic Steps • OpenEmbeddedBuild System • Bitbake Metadata • Example - Emulator • Example - Beaglebone Black • Building an SDK • Packaging • Toaster GUI • Qt Yocto Support • Doing More • Tips For Getting Started • References • Summary • Q&A
- 3. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved What is Yocto? • Project to provide templates, tools and methods to create custom Linux-based embedded systems • Founded in 2010 • Open Source, managed by The Linux Foundation • Vendor and platform neutral • Collaborative effort among participants • Members/participants/sponsors include Intel, AMD, Broadcom, TI, Freescale, LG Electronics, Huawei, Mentor Graphics, Dell, The Qt Company
- 4. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Why Is It Needed? • Embedded development is significantly harder than native/desktop development • Cross-compilation • Wide scope: boot loader, kernel, BSP/device drivers, packaging format, utilities, applications, SDK • Large, time consuming to build • Desire for repeatability, automation • Licensing issues • Regular need for security and other updates
- 5. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved What Yocto Provides • Framework for creating embedded Linux systems • Targets supported: ARM, PPC, MIPS, x86, x86-64 • Hosted on common Linux x86 desktop platforms (CentOS, Fedora, openSUSE, Ubuntu) • OpenEmbedded build system with bitbake build engine • IDE • Graphical interface to build system
- 6. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Benefits/Advantages • Reduced development effort/time • Improved quality • Automation • Stability • Repeatability
- 7. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Limitations/Disadvantages • Embedded Linux targets only • Development tools run on desktop Linux only (or in a Linux vm hosted on e.g. Windows or MacOS) • Doesn't dictate a specific Linux distribution (but offers Poky as a reference distribution) • Large, complex, can have steep learning curve
- 8. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Yocto Versions/Code Names
- 9. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Other Embedded Frameworks • Baserock • Buildroot • Crosstool/CrosstoolNG • Embedded Debian/Fedora/Gentoo/SUSE/Ubuntu
- 10. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Yocto Architecture
- 11. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Major Components • bitbake • Poky Linux distribution • Emulator • Toaster GUI • SDK • Eclipse IDE plugin • Build Appliance
- 12. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Using Yocto - Basic Steps 1. Set up tools on a Linux host machine. 2. Configure bitbake for embedded hardware. 3. Build software components, bootloader, root fs, image. 4. Write boot image and file system. 5. Set up SDK. 6. Develop and iterate.
- 13. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved bitbake Build System Steps: • fetch • extract • patch • configure • build • install • package
- 14. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Bitbake Metadata
- 15. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Example - Building For Emulator $ sudo apt-get install gawk wget git-core diffstat unzip texinfo gcc-multilib build-essential chrpath socat libsdl1.2- dev xterm
- 16. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Example - Building For Emulator $ mkdir yocto $ cd yocto $ wget http://downloads.yoctoproject.org/releases/yocto/yocto- 2.2/poky-morty-16.0.0.tar.bz2 $ tar xjvf poky-morty-16.0.0.tar.bz2 $ cd poky-morty-16.0.0 $ source oe-init-build-env $ edit conf/local.conf $ bitbake core-image-sato $ runqemu qemuarm
- 17. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Example - Building for Beaglebone Black
- 18. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Example - Building for Beaglebone Black Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/mmcblk0p1 * 2048 146570 72261+ c W95 FAT32(LBA) /dev/mmcblk0p2 146571 8535178 4194304 83 Linux $ sudo mkfs.vfat -F 16 -n "boot" /dev/mmcblk0p1 $ sudo mke2fs -j -L "root" /dev/mmcblk0p2
- 19. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Example - Building for Beaglebone Black $ cp tmp/deploy/images/beaglebone/MLO-beaglebone /media/ $LOGNAME/boot/MLO $ cp tmp/deploy/images/beaglebone/u-boot-beaglebone.img /media/ $LOGNAME/boot/u-boot.img $ sudo tar x -C /media/$LOGNAME/root -f tmp/deploy/images/beaglebone/core-image-sato-beaglebone.tar.bz2
- 20. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Building an SDK $ bitbake core-image-sato -c populate_sdk Output is: tmp/deploy/sdk/poky-glibc-x86_64-core-image-sato-armv5e- toolchain-2.2.sh
- 21. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Building an SDK $ ~/yocto/poky-morty-16.0.0/build/tmp/deploy/sdk/poky-glibc-x86_64- core-image-sato-armv5e-toolchain-2.2.sh Poky (Yocto Project Reference Distro) SDK installer version 2.2 =============================================================== Enter target directory for SDK (default: /opt/poky/2.2): ~/sdk You are about to install the SDK to "/home/tranter/sdk". Proceed[Y/n]? Y Extracting SDK......................................................................do ne Setting it up...done SDK has been successfully set up and is ready to be used. Each time you wish to use the SDK in a new shell session, you need to source the environment setup script e.g. $ . /home/tranter/sdk/environment-setup-armv5e-poky-linux-gnueabi
- 22. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Building an SDK $ . /home/tranter/sdk/environment-setup-armv5e-poky-linux-gnueabi $ echo $CXX arm-poky-linux-gnueabi-g++ -march=armv5e -marm --sysroot=/home/tranter/sdk/sysroots/armv5e-poky-linux-gnueabi $ $CXX helloworld.cpp $ file a.out a.out: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI5 version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux.so.3, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0
- 23. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Packaging • Not required, but often useful even for embedded systems. • Yocto doesn't impose a packaging format. • Common package formats include: • rpm • deb/dpkg • ipkg • opkg
- 24. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Toaster GUI
- 25. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Yocto Qt Support Yocto Qt 5 recipes: • https://github.com/meta-qt5/meta-qt5 Qt for Device Creation (boot2qt): • http://code.qt.io/cgit/yocto/meta-boot2qt.git/ • http://code.qt.io/cgit/yocto/meta-qt5.git/
- 26. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved More About Bitbake • Python based language for configuration files. • Supports variables, include files, functions, inheritance. • Uses scripts called "recipes". • Many command line options. • Configuration files in build/conf • Understands dependencies. • Multithreaded, runs a server process in the background.
- 27. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Doing More - Writing Recipes • Needed to build your own components with bitbake • Shell or Python scripts (.bb files) • Standardized format
- 28. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Doing More - Kernel Recipes • Recipes to configure, patch, and build the Linux kernel • More complex
- 29. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Doing More - BSPs • BSP = Board Support Package. • Adaptations for specific hardware. • Hardware vendor, OS vendor, or third party may provide this.
- 30. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Doing More - Eclipse Integration
- 31. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Doing More - Licensing and Compliance
- 32. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Tips For Getting Started
- 33. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved References 1. Embedded Linux Systems with the Yocto Project, Rudolf Streif 2. https://www.yoctoproject.org/ 3. https://github.com/meta-qt5/meta-qt5 4. http://code.qt.io/cgit/yocto/meta-boot2qt.git/ 5. http://code.qt.io/cgit/yocto/meta-qt5.git/ 6. http://www.ics.com/blog/yocto-quick-start
- 34. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Summary
- 35. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved Questions?
- 36. © Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved An Introduction to the Yocto Embedded Framework Jeff Tranter <jtranter@ics.com> Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc.