Introduction to Machine Learning Unit-3 for II MECH
AMR & EMS- Automated Meter Reading and Energy Management System
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AT & C loss reduction by ITAT & C loss reduction by IT
interfaceinterface
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ContentsContents
Smart Metering and IT: An
opportunity to Leapfrog
AMR (Automated Meter Reading)
EMS (Energy Management System)
Prepaid Meters
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Smart Metering and IT
PAST
ELECTRO-MECHANICAL
• Low Accuracy
• Control – NIL
• Communications - Expensive
• Theft Detection – Poor
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Continued…
DIGITAL SOLID STATE
High Accuracy
Control – LIMITED
Communications – External through Retrofit
Theft Detection – Node only
PRESENT
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Continued…
LEAPFROG
NEXT GEN SMART METER & IT
SYSTEM
• Very High Accuracy
• Control – FULL
• Communications – Built in (on chip / PCB)
• Theft Detection – High (Network level)
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WHAT isWHAT is AMRAMR????
Automatic Meter Reading
– Automating the process of
measurement and control through
digital communication techniques.
– Bring “intelligence” into the revenue
cycle and manage it.
Metering Billing Operations Customer Service
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WHY AMR NEEDED in place of current
Stand-alone meter reading??
Present System Problems:-
Highly Person dependant.
Human errors cannot be avoided.
Accessibility of meters in rural/ Agricultural zones.
Energy Audits performed based on bill collection which is
highly inaccurate.
Billing done mainly on estimated/ monthly average basis
Inability to monitor and control discrete loads
Billing cycle requires excessive time.
Meter data used only for billing, cannot help in analysis like
demand analysis, energy audit, pinpointing losses, etc.
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Benefits of AMRBenefits of AMR
Ability to detect tamper events and outage occurrences.
Remotely Connect/ Disconnect power supply through
meter.
Calculate Transformer loading and Sizing from interval
data.
15 minute interval data gives accurate load information for
supply scheduling, switching operations, planning etc.
Monitor voltage at each premise to know conditions when
to operate capacitor switches or regulators.
Consistent and Granular data for improved accuracy.
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Automatic MeteringAutomatic Metering
Automatic
Meter
Reading
Automatic
Meter
Reading
Outage
Manage
ment
Pre-
payment
Sub-
Metering
Revenue
Protection
Automatic
Metering Active
Load
Control
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COMPONENTSCOMPONENTS
Meter Interface Module
Communication System
Central Office Equipment
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Meter interface moduleMeter interface module
– The AMR system starts at the meter. Some
means of translating readings from rotating
meter dials, or cyclometer style meter dials,
into digital form is necessary in order to send
digital metering data from the customer site to
a central point.
– Electro - optical interface
– Signal Processing Electronics
– RAM & Program Memory
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GSM / CDMA Based CommunicationGSM / CDMA Based Communication
MODEM
Dual Band or Triband modem or CDMA modems
Designed for GPRS, data, fax, SMS and voice applications
Interfaces
RS-232 through D-TYPE 9 pin connector
Power supply
SMA antenna connector
Toggle spring SIM holder
Red LED Power on
Green LED status of GSM / CDMA module
Antenna
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Central office systemsCentral office systems
Central office systems equipment includes
– Modems
– Central server
– Client Software for data acquisition and
data analysis
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ELECTRIC COMPANY BENEFITSELECTRIC COMPANY BENEFITS
Smart automated processes instead of manual work
Accurate information from the network load to optimise
maintenance and investments
Customized rates and billing dates.
Streamlined high bill investigations.
Detection of tampering of Meters.
Accurate measurement of transmission losses.
Better network performance and cost efficiency.
Demand and distribution management.
More intelligence to business planning.
Better company credibility.
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CUSTOMER BENEFITS
Precise consumption information
Clear and accurate billing
– Automatic outage information
– Better and faster customer service
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ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
(EMS)(EMS)
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Energy Management System (EMS)Energy Management System (EMS)
ExperienceExperience
Why EMS…
EMS provides real time solution in the
area of power and energy management
Energy Management System (EMS)
provides access to real time energy
data for energy auditing and
monitoring.
AT&C Loss
Reduction
Quality of
Supply
Customer
Satisfaction
EMS helps DESCOM to achieve the objectives
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System OverviewSystem Overview
EMS with end-to-end infrastructure comprising of
intelligent metering systems
network equipments,
communication backbone
data handling software.
The system provides meter data
on real time basis
Its systematic acquisition, storage and retrieval of data
ensures
MIS for business purposes
Faster decision making
Quality of Supply
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Features of EMSFeatures of EMS
Parameters Captured
– Instantaneous voltage, Current
– Frequency
– KW, KVA, KVAr per phase & Total
– KWH, KVAh, KVArh
– PF
All feeder locations at 118
grids
Communicates with 2500
no feeder meters
At every 15 minute interval
2 lac data every single day
System Generates
application reports
6000 Users in BSES can
access these reports online
Data Historian of 4 years
EMS also
converts Data
into
Useful Information
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EMS is based on data collection and analysis.EMS is based on data collection and analysis.
Entire activity has following stagesEntire activity has following stages
Data Collection
Data Processing
Data Converted into useful information-
For online availability
Analysis and Conclusion
Data Generation
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Application Reports on EMSApplication Reports on EMS
Bill Verification – EHV Loss Audit
Grid Loss Audit
Division /Company Manager
Feeder wise energy on daily basis- interactive
software
Energy forecasting
Grid Alarm
ABT Report and UI
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PREPAID METERS-AdvantagesPREPAID METERS-Advantages
For meter owner
Assured revenue and reduced working capital costs
Lower overheads
Better load management and higher capacity utilization
Improved fraud detection
Quicker connections and better customer-service
For end-consumer
Better budgeting
Promotes energy savings and energy conservation
Avoid long queues – choose when to pay
No billing errors
Convenient mode of payment
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System at workSystem at work
The consumer inserts the pre-paid card in the
energy meter
The value (Credit + Any information) in the card
is transferred to the meter
The meter keeps track of the number of units
consumed as per the slab rate
When the value in the meter comes to 10-20% a
signal is given -either beep or red light
When the value in the meter becomes nil the
electricity supply is cut off
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ApplicationsApplications
Large-scale deployment by utilities for residential and
commercial connections
Sub-metering in apartments, shopping malls and
building complexes.
Convenient mode of payment in housing colonies
As a second meter between utility meter and
distribution board for housing tenants
Selective deployment by utilities in regions with poor
credit history
Electricity supply for vendors, contractors and temporary
connections
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Summing up…Summing up…
Prepaid Smart Card Solution is ideal
Reduces manpower cost to the EB
Improves liquidity of the EB
Overall efficiency in operations of
the EB will improve
Hassle free for the consumer
Prepaid cards easily available
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Cost analysis and effectiveness ofCost analysis and effectiveness of
AMRAMR
Billing structure info
Cost of AMR based on GSM/ CDMA
Savings on Operating cost inclusive
of administrative cost
AT & C loss reduction report for an
utility of NCR by the usage of IT
system
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COST OF EQUIPMENTS USED INCOST OF EQUIPMENTS USED IN
AMRAMR
•GSM modem ------------ Rs. 5000-6000
•CDMA modem ------------ Rs. 4200-5000
•Electronic Meter ------------ Rs. 1500-1800 (for 1Φ)
with RS-232 port
•Electronic Meter ------------ Rs. 4300-5000 (for 3Φ)
with RS-232 port
•GSM modem ------------ Rs. 5000-8000
(With optical port adapter)
•Prepaid meters ------------Rs 6000(1Φ), 11000 (3Φ)
(All the data is provided by various vendors)
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Present billing structurePresent billing structure
• Data collection time - 7 days
Data processing time - 2 days
Bill dispatch +Due date time - 18 days
Cost of (PDS) per device cost - 10,000
Expenditure per head on work force
employed for collecting meter reading-
Rs.10000
Time interval for data collection – 1 Month
(Based on data provided by an utility in NCR and vendors)
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Cost involvementCost involvement for new systemfor new system
(AMR)(AMR)
Total consumers-1127875
Total cost (GSM modem + electronic
meter with RS 232 port + software +
operational cost per year)-Rs. 7.9
Billion (approx)
Total cost (CDMA modem + rest all
above)-Rs. 6.44 Billion (approx)
(consumers are 1-Φ,based on data provided by an utility in NCR and vendors)
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Cost involvementCost involvement for upgradingfor upgrading
existing system(AMR)existing system(AMR)
Total consumers-1127875
Total cost (GSM modem with optical
port adapter + software + operational
cost per year)- Rs. 6.20 Billion
(approx)
(consumers are 1-Φ,based on data provided by an utility in NCR and vendors)
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AMR reduces theft, improvesAMR reduces theft, improves
efficienciesefficiencies
Meter readings for close to 15,000 high-
end customers done remotely from a
central location.
Collection efficiency has improved by 5-10
percent, theft has reduced by 4 percent
The firm has recovered the initial project
cost, pegged at around Rs 22 crore
(Data for an utility in NCR)
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Cost involvementCost involvement for new systemfor new system
(Pre-Paid metering system)(Pre-Paid metering system)
Total consumers-1127875
Total cost of involved in installing
prepaid meters + software-Rs. 6.20
Billion (approx)
(consumers are 1-Φ,based on data provided by an utility in NCR and vendors)
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WAYS OF COLLECTINGWAYS OF COLLECTING
REVENUEREVENUE
By imposing cost on consumer on
per month basis for 5 years recovery
plan for new system
For GSM modem with Electronic
meter having RS 232 port-Rs 116.74
For CDMA modem with Electronic
meter having RS 232 port-Rs. 95.16
For Pre-Paid meters- Rs. 91.62
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Continued…Continued…
By imposing cost on consumer on
per month basis for 5 years recovery
plan for upgrading existing system
GSM with optical port adapter-Rs.
91.62
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Continued…Continued…
If SERC allows to increase per unit
charges for 5 years recovery plan
For new GSM Based system-18paisa(approx)
For new CDMA Based system-15 paisa(approx)
For upgrading existing system-14 paisa(approx)
For new Prepaid meters-14 paisa(approx)
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Savings…Savings…
Saving with respect to existing
system with meter readers
= Rs 7.8 crores + saving in cost of the
administration for meter readers
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THANK YOU FOR HAVINGTHANK YOU FOR HAVING
PATIENCEPATIENCE