American realism 1880 1910
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Explain characteristics of American Realism. Geared for 11th Grade. Information from Glencoe Literature-American Literature
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· from a prominent Amherst, Massachusetts, family (father a lawyer)
· After school (Amherst Academy and a year at the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary), she lived as a RECLUSE, almost never leaving the Dickinson family home.
· She remained close with her family, particularly her brother, and maintained several “friendships” via correspondences, most notably with the Boston writer and critic Thomas Wentworth Higginson, who eventually—POSTHUMOUSLY!—published her poems with the help of another of Emily’s friends, Mabel Todd Loomis.
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· eccentric punctuation: especially DASHES indicating emphasis and interruption
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· importance/exceptionality of the poet
· the failure of knowledge/reason
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· mystical imagery
· unorthodox religious interpretation/beliefs
· wish to transcend worldly cares/priorities
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· mocking the false comforts that sweet, picturesque imagery might provide
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Citing examples from her poems, discuss Dickinson’s Dark Romanticism. (3 paragraphs)
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American realism 1880 1910
- 1. M S . Y A E G E R Regionalism and Realism 1880-1910
- 2. Literary Movement Post Civil War U.S rapidly changing Writers turn away from Romanticism Life as they saw it, not imagined Regionalism- the color movement Writers portrayed distinct traits of parts of the U.S Naturalism- later, more extreme Scientific objectivity the effects of environment and heredity on character Darwinism
- 3. Areas of Study Realism Regionalism Naturalism Regionalism and Naturalism-subsections of Realism
- 4. Realism Honore’ de Balzac- father of Realism The Human Comedy 90 novels-detail the panorama of French society Focused his work on all social levels Focused on the “faithful representation of reality” Believed the individual was simply a person Think of realists as almost pessimists
- 5. European Realism Leaders Gustave Faubert Leo Tolstoy George Eliot Charles Dickens All examined the psychology of human behavior
- 6. Realism European novelists examined the psychology of human behavior Created characters who struggle w/ problems readers could recognize U.S Realism Traced to disillusionment following Civil War War destroyed romantic view of humanity Presented life as cruel and never embellished
- 7. American Realists Kate Chopin and Women Criticized for her realistic portrayal of women. First American to write frankly about suppression and gender roles. “The role of an artist is to be a rebel” Sometimes considered a Regionalist Stories depicted customs of Creoles and Cajuns in L.A Used their language to describe their lifestyles Made their world real and refused to judge their lives or struggles
- 8. Feminist Movement Leaders Emily Dickinson Harriet Beecher Stowe Sarah Orne Jewett Kate Chopin Edith Wharton Ellen Glasgow Willa Cather
- 9. Paul Laurence Dunbar and African Americans Earliest African American poets to gain widespread recognition Best known for use of African American dialect Reflect post-war lives of African Americans Frustrated aspirations in a society dominated by whites Struck a balance between European literary conventions and African American folk culture
- 10. Edith Wharton and the Upper Class Characters inhabited the upper crust of New York society Depict desires, prejudices, and foibles of her privileged and affluent characters The Age of Innocence and The House of Mirth Presents culture which devalues the individual in favor of class divisions Social status Pursuit of enjoyable wealth Satire of the hypocrisy of the American aristocracy-of which she was a member
- 11. Naturalism End of 1800’s Strongly influenced by Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution People had little control over their lives Wrote about ordinary people; but focused on the middle class and the poor
- 12. Edwin Arlington Robinson and Fate Felt “doomed” or sentenced for life, to the writing of poetry Characters often loners or misfits; like Edwin himself Creativity is misunderstood or simply ignored Focus on individual or individual relationships Tone; blend of irony and compassion Characters lives end in failure or despair
- 13. Jack London and Nature Helped support family with hard labor from age 9 Sympathetic towards working class Convinced capitalist society was brutal and repressive Drawn to Darwinism Seen in many works such as The Call of the Wild The Sea-Wolf Spent time in Alaskan wilderness and the South Seas Stories demonstrate power of nature over civilization
- 14. Stephen Crane and War War ended 6 years before he was born Used it as the subject of his works Red Badge of Courage Short stories express belief in the necessity of courage, honesty, and poise in the face of an indifferent universe “An Episode of War”- “Oh, well,’ he said, ‘I don’t suppose it matters so much as all that.” After a young officer reacts to the loss of his arm
- 15. Wrap up 1880-1910-Midwest, Great Plains, and West enriched literature w/new kinds of American landscapes, characters and styles of speech Realism-widespread effects, seen in journalism, film, the novel, and painting. Challenged the conventions of Romanticism Redefined boundaries of acceptable content Beginning in the 1890’s-Naturalism shone a bright, but harsh light on the human condition Presented life as brutal, losing battle between individuals Extremely diverse-crossing many cultural boundaries
- 16. Assignment Present author to class- from text book Focusing on literary techniques Language Story lines No Laptops