Hi! Students of 8th grade! Here is the first part of the presentation. Use it as a guideline with your text book. Everything that is in the presentetion you should find it in your text book.

1. America Land i Love
Colegio Presbiteriano Rehma
Mr. Marcos Valentin
Eigth Grade

2. Objective for today class
1. To learn which are the previous reasons that took Christopher Colombus to
discover America.
2. Learn what are the crusades.

4. Crusades
First proclaim by Pope Urban II
Crusades- They are some proclaim, “holy war”, between Roman Catholics
and Muslims.
The Crusades Purpose was to drive the Muslims from the land the had
conquered in the Middle East. The intended to drive Muslims from the
Holy Land, (Jerusalem), and restore it to Christendom.

5. Consequence of the Crusades
The Crusades revive European interest in trade with the East.
Orient East Asia
Goods: spices, jewels, ivory, glassware, silks, beutiful tapestrys…
New trades between East and West.

7. Objcetive for today Class
Define what is the Renaissance.
Learn what brought this moment into history.
Identify what inventions were created thanks to this moment in history.
Learn who is Prince Henry and his contribution for new trades routes.

9. Renaissance ´´rebirth´´
Where did it happened?
1. Europe, Florence Italy.
2. Renaissance-rebirth
3. The Renaissance revived three important aspects…
1. The classic literature
2. Scientific Ideas of Greek and Rome
3. Inspired Beautiful Arts
Photos, literature, Arts Visual Overview

15. Improvements and Inventions
1. Improvements
1. The sciences of Navigation was Improved.
2. More accurate maps.
3. Improved Rudders, steering of ships.
2. Important Inventions
1. The sciences of Navigation was Improved.
2. More accurate maps.
3. Improved Rudders, steering of ships.

16. Johann Gutenberg
Invented the first, movable-type-
printing press 1440.
This brought us the first printed
Bible.
And access to books and learnings,
taking Europe from de Dark Ages to
the Modern Ages.

17. Prince Henry the Navigator
From Portugal
1. Founded a Navigation school, and sent
several ships to explore Western Coast
of Africa.
1498 they reached India opening New
Trade Routes.
 Remember-Marco Polo 1200.

18. Objective for today class
1. Learn what was the Protestant Reformation
2. Who was the precursor of the Protestant Reformation.
3. What are some of the results of the Protestant Reformation.
*( Primera prueba corta Viernes)
Class Review- Empty Outlines

20. Protestant Reformation

21. Martin Luther
ProtestantReformation
Movable-type printing press
Europe Dark Age-Modern Age
Education
Different interpretations
Questioning the authenticity of the papacy
Martin Luther- 95 theses
Statement (document), attacking the sale of the indulgences.
Wittenberg, Germany Church.

22. Consequences of the Protestant Reformation
1. It brought a revival of biblical Christianity.
2. People of England who colonized North America would be influenced by the word
of God.
3. It change the religious picture of Europe.
• Lutherans (Martin Luther)
• justification by faith, no need of indulgence, rejection of the papacy as the authority.
• Calvinism (John Calvin)
• emphasis on the authority of God over all things.
• Anglicanism
• Bible the Authority of faith, Baptism and the Eucharist.