More Related Content Similar to A/L ICT syllabus
Similar to A/L ICT syllabus (20) More from Ramachendran Logarajah
More from Ramachendran Logarajah (7) A/L ICT syllabus1. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF/
cgm
yF
Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk; ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
Nju;r;rp 1: 1.1jftypd; mbg;gilf; (Life Cycle 6 computer
,d;iwa fl;lw; Jz;lj;ijAk; of Data) projector
mwpTg+u;tkhd mjd; rpwg;gpay;GfisAk; juTfspd; cUthf;fk; paper
r%fj;jpy; jfty; tprhupg;ghu; Kfhikj;Jtk; Book
kw;Wk; njhlu;ghly; gadw;w juT ePf;fk; white board marker
njhopDl;gtpaypd; Data vs.
(ICT) %y Information)
vz;zf;fUf;fisAk;
gq;fspg;igAk;
gpuNahfj;ijAk; rpwg;gpay;Gfs; (Charcteristics)
ikakhff; nfhz;L fhyj;Jf;Nfw;wJ> rupepfu;jd;ik>
Muha;thu; jUzj;jpw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd
jd;ik> tpsf;fj;jd;ikia
mjpfupj;jYk; kw;Wk;
njsptpd;ikiaf ; Fiwj;jYk;
fpilf;Fk; mjpfstpyhd juT
kw;Wk; jutpd; Vida rpf;fy;fis
(Large volumes and other
complexities) ifahs;tjd; Njit
1.2juTfisAk; jftiyAk; -mwpKfk; 6 computer
cUthf;fTk;> gug;gTk; gpuNahfk; projector
kw;Wk; epUtfpf;fTk; jPu;khdk; vLj;jy; paper
Njitahd nfhs;if tFj;jy; Book
njhopy;El;gj;ij vjpuT; $Wjy ; white board marker
tprhupg;ghu jpl;lkply;> xOq;FgLj;jy;>
Nkw;ghu;it nra;jy;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
2. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF/
cgm
yF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
,irtpd;ikAk; juT
,ul;bg;ghfYk;> tO
Vw;gLtjw;fhd tha;g;Gfs;>
khdpltOf;fy; kw;Wk;
Kiwtopahf;fy; jhkjk;
jfty; gfpu;T gw;whf;FiwAk;
jhkjkhd thbf;ifahsu;
NritAk;
kdpj capUf;F Mgj;J Vw;glf ;
$bathwhd gpuNahf
re;ju;g;gq;fspy ; ifKiw
nraw;ghLfspd; mrhj;jpaj; jd;ik
jfty; njhlu;ghly;
njhopDl;gtpay; Afj;jpd; Njhw;wk;
(Emergence of ICT Era)
ifKiwj; jfty;
ifahSjypy; Vw;gLk;
gpd;dilTfisr;
rPu;nra;tjw;Fj ; jfty;
njhlu;ghly; njhopDl;gk;
gad;gLj;jy
gy;NtW Ms;jsq;fspypUe;J
(Domain) jftiygad;gLj;jy;
jftiy kPsg;ngWjy ;(retrieval)>
gfpu;e;jspj;jy; vd;gtw;Wld;
njhluG; ila njhopDl;gq;fs;
fpilf;fg;ngwy;
fzpdp tiyaikg;G> ,izak;>
cyfshtpa tiy (WWW)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
3. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
nry;ypl njhlu;ghly;> nry;ypl
fzpik (mobile computing)> Nkff;
fzpik (cloud computing)
vd;gtw;wpd; tpUj;jp
1.3 jfty; cUthf;fj;jpw;F
jftypd; fUj;jpay; khjpup
2 computer
xU fUj;JU khjphpia cUthf;fk; (Abstract Model of projector
cUthf;FtJld; jfty; Information creation) paper
njhlu;ghly; o cs;sPL (Input)> nray;Kiw Book
njhopDl;gj;Jld; (Process)> ntspaPL (Output) white board marker
mjw;fhd ,zf;fg; jfty; njhlu;ghly;
ghl;il kjpg;gPL nra;th njhopDl;gj;jpw;Fk;
fzpdpf;Fkhd mjd;
nghUj;jg;ghL
1.4 fzpdp
Kiwiknahd;wpd; td;nghUs; (Hardware) 2 computer
mbg;gilf; $Wfisj; td;nghUs; $Wfspd; projector
njupT nra;J tifg;gLj;jy ; paper
tifg;gLj;Jthu; Software) Book
white board marker
1.5 juT Kiwtopahf;fypd; juT Kiwtopahf;fy; gbKiwfs; 4 computer
(data processing) juT Nrfupj;jy; (Data projector
nraw;ghLfisg; Gathering ) paper
gFg;gha;T nra;thu; Book
white board marker
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
4. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
o juT nry;Ygbahf;fy; (Data
Validation)
juT nray;Kiw topahf;fy;
(processing)
juT ntspaP;L (output)
juT Nrkpg;G (Storage)
juT Nrfupf;Fk; Kiwfs; (Data
Gathering Method)
ifKiw (Manual)
miu jd;dpaf;f KiwfSk;
jd;dpaf;f KiwfSk;
(Automated)
xspapay; Fwp thrpg;ghd;
(OMR ), xspapay; vOj;JU
thrpg;ghd; (OCR), fhe;j ik
vOj;JU thrpg;ghd; (MICR),
rpd;dk; /
ml;ilf;fhe;jehlh/fhe;jgg; l;b
thrpg;ghd;
(Badge/Tape/Magnetic Strip
Readers), czu;tpfSk;
(Sensors) Eiothd;fSk;
juT nry;Ygbahf;Fk; Kiw
juT tif rupghu;j;jy;
fpilj;jy;/tO rupghu;j;jy;
(Presence/ Error Check)
tPr;irr; rupghu;j;jy; (RangeCheck)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
5. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
juT cs;sPL nra;Ak; tpjq;fs;
Neubahd kw;Wk;
njhiytpyhd ((Direct andRemote)
njhluwh epiy> njhluW
epiy (Online and Offline)
juT nray ; Kiwtopahf;fy;
(Data Processing)
njhFjpthup kw;Wk; epfo;Neu
(Batch and Realtime)
ntspaPl;L Kiwfs; (Output
Methods)
Neubahfg ; gadUf;F (user)
toq;fy;
Nkyjpf Kiwtopahf;fj;jpw;Fr;
Nrkpj;jy;
Nrkpg;G Kiwfs; (Storage Methods)
o cs;sf kw;Wk; njhiythd
(remote- (Cloud-Nkf))
Nrkpj;jy; Fwfpafhy
, ePzl; fhyr;Nrkpjj;y;
1.6; ntt;NtW Ms;fsq;fspy; jfty; njhlu;ghly; 4 computer
jfty; njhlu;ghly; njhopDl;gj;jpd; gpuNahfq;fs; projector
njhopDl;gj;jpd; fy;tp Rfhjhuk; tptrhak; paper
gpuNahfq;fis Muha;thu tzpfKk; epjpAk; Book
nghwpapay; Rw;Wyh white board marker
Clfk; kw;Wk; gj;jpupifnjhopy;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
6. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
1.7 r%fj;jpy; jfty; jfty; njhlu;ghly; 4 computer
njhlu;ghly; njhopDl;gj;jhy; Vw;gLk; projector
njhopDl;gtpaypd; jhf;fk; mD$yq;fs ; paper
gw;wp kjpg;gPL nra;thu; r%f mD$yq;fs; (Social) Book
nghUshjhu mD$yq;fs; white board marker
jfty; njhlu;ghly;
njhopDl;gj;jhy; Vw;gLk;
gpujp$yq;fs ;
r%fk; (Social)
nghUshjhuk ; (Economic)
#oy; xOf;fnewp rl;lk ; me;juq;fk;
,yf;fKiw tpupT
,ufrpaj;jd;ik
jpULjy; topg;gwp
fsT (Piracy)
gjpg;Gupik (Copyright)/mwpTrhu;
nrhj;Jr; rl;lq;fs;
Kiwaw;w gpujpahf;fk;
cupkk; ngw;w nkd;nghUs;
cupkkw;w nkd;nghUs;
Nju;r;rp 2: 2.1nra;Kiwtopahf;fy;fspd; fzpj;jypd; tuyhW (History of 4 computer
etPd fzpdpapd; tpUj;jpAld; Computing) projectornraw;wpwid
xg;gpl;L njhlu;Gila Kf;fpa Muk;gfhy fzpj;jy; paper
tpgupg;gjw;Ff; khw;wq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; (Calculating) cjtpr; Book
fzpj;jy; fzpdp gbKiw tsu;r;rpia rhjdq;fs; white board marker
rhjdq;fspd; ntspf; nfhzu;thu Mechanical)
tsu;r;rpia
Muha;thu; rhu;e;jit
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
7. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
kpd; nghwpKiw (Electro
Mechanical) rhu;e;jit
fzpj;jypd; ,yj;jpudpay;
(Electronic) Afk ;
fzpdpj ; jiyKiwfs ;
o 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G kw;Wk;
vjpu;fhyj;jpw;fhdJ
(nray; Kiwtopahf;fpapd;
gbKiw tsu;r;rpf;F
Kf;fpaj;Jtk;);
o njhopDl;gk; (Technology):
Analog), ,yf;f
Kiw (Digital)
Nehf;fk; :
ngsjPf gUkd;:
Super Computer),
Kjd;ikf; fzpdp
(Mainframe)> rpwpa (Mini),
Ez; (Micro), vLj;Jr;
nry;yf;$ba cgfuzq;fs;
- #l;bif njhiyNgrp
(Mobile Devices - Smart
phones, Vl;L tpy;iyj;
jdpahs; fzpdp (Tablets),
Phablets)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
8. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
2.2 fzpdpnahd;wpd; gpujhd td;nghUs; $Wfs; 6 computer
nraw;ghl;il mjd; cs;sPl;Lf;fUtpfs;: projector
td;nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; tpirg;gyif cs;sPLk;> Neub paper
mtw;wpd; ,ilKfq;fs; cs;sPLk; (tpirg;gyif> Rl;b Book
vd;gtw;wpd; mbg;gilapy; rhjdq;fs; (Pointing Devices); white board marker
Muha;thu; njhL ml;il (Touch pad)
Nra;ikf ; fl;Lg;ghL (Remote
control)njhLjpiu (touch
screen) fhe;jgl;b thrpg;ghd
(Magnetic strip reader)
gl;ilFwp Kiw thrpg;Gf;fUtp>
#l;bif ml;il thrpg;ghd;
(smart card reader), Ezpfp
Nehf;fp (Scanner), ,yf;fKiw
glf;fUtp (Digital Camera)
xyp thq;fp> czupfs;
(sensers)> tiutpay; ,yf;f
tptukhf;fp (Grapic tablets),
fhe;j ik vOj;J milahsq;
fhzy; (MICR), xspapay; Fwp
thrpg;Gf; fUtp (OMR),
xspapay; vOj;JU
milahsq; fhzy; (OCR);
fhnzhsp glf;fUtp (video
camera), ,yf;fkhf;fp
(Digitizer), tiyyglf;fUtp
(Webcam))
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
9. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
tpirg;gyifAld; xg;gpLk;NghJ
Neub cs;sPl;Lf; fUtpfspd;
mD$yq;fs ;
jd;ikfSk;:
o (CRT jpiu> LCD jpiu, LED
jpiu ikj-; jhiumr;Rg;nghwp
(inkjet) Gs;sp mikTU
mr;Rg;nghwp> Nyru ;
mr;Rg;nghwp> gltiuap (graph
plotter) Kg;gupkhd (3D)
mr;Rg;nghwp> xypngUf;fp)
kj;jpa nraw;ghl;L myFk; (CPU)
mjd; jha;g;gyifg ;
nghUe;JifAk; (Motherboard
compatibility)
epiyahd cs;sf td;jl;L
(fixed internal hard disk)
vLj;Jr; nry;yj;jf;f ntspaf
td;jl;L fhe;jehlh> ,Wtl;Lfs;
ePyf;fjpu; tl;L
gsPr;rpl;L epidtf
ml;il
rpwpa tl;L (mini disk)
(grid) fzpik (computing)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
10. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
2.3 Von Neumann Von Neumann fl;likg;G 6 computer
fl;likg;ig Muha;thu Nrkpf;fg;gl;l nra;epuy; projector
vz;zf;fU (Stored Program paper
Concept) Book
$Wfs:; (cs;sPL> ntspaPL> white board marker
epidtfk;> Ez;nraypf; internet
fl;Lg;ghl;lyF (Processor
Control Unit) kw;Wk;
nray;Kiw topahf;fy; ju;f;f
myF (Processing ALU Unit )
(Fetch Execute Cycle)
kj;jpa nraw;ghl;lyF (CPU)
vz;fzpj kw;Wk; ju;f;f
myF(ALU).
fl;Lg;ghl;lyF(CU)
epidtf gjptfq;fs;
(Registers)
juTfSk; fl;Lg;ghl;Lg;
ghl;ilAk; (Control Bus)
gy;fU nraypfs; (Multi core
processors)
2.4 gyN; tW epidtf 6 computer
tiffisAk; mtw;wpd; epidtf gbepiyapd; mtrpak ; projector
jd;ikfisAk; mwpe;J xg;gply; tpjpKiwfs; paper
nfhs;tjw;fhff ; fzpdp Book
epidtfj;ij Muha;thu white board marker
internet
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
11. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
Neuk;/jhkjk;)
gz;GfSk;
gjptpfs ;
gJf;F epidtf tiffs ;
gpujhd epidtfk; – RAM
gpujhd epidtf (RAM)
tiffs;
SRAM, DRAM, SDRAM
(ROM)
tiffs;
o PROM, EPROM and
EEPROM
,uz;lhe;ju epidtfk;
gypr;rPl;L epidtfk;
NjHr;rp 3: 3.1vz; juTfs;fzpdpapy; ,yf;fKiwr ; rhjdq;fspy; juT 10 computer
juTfs; vt;thW vt;thW gpujpepjpj;Jtg; gpujpepjpj;Jtj;jpd; Njit projector
fzpdpapy; gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd paper
gpujpepjpj;Jtg; vd;gijg ; gFg;gha;thu;. Kiwfs;: Book
gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd ,U epiyfspy; juT white board marker
vd;gijAk; mit gpujpepjpj;Jtk;. (0,1) internet
vz;fzpj kw;Wk;
ju;f;f vz;Kiwikfs;(Number Systems)
nraw;ghLfspy; Jtpjk; (Binary) vz;kk;
gad;gLj;jg;gLk; (Octal) gjpdWkk
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
12. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
(Hexadecimal)
vz;KiwikfSf;fpilapyhd
khw;wy;fs;
jrk vz;fspd; gpujpepjpj;Jtk;
(signed) FwpaPblg;gl;lJk ;
FwpaPblg;glhjJk; (Unsigned)
Fwpaplg;gl;l KO vz;fspd;
(Integers) gpujpepjpj;Jtk;
Xd;wpd; epug;gp (one’s
compliment)
(two’s
compliment)
3.2 vOj;Jj; juTfs; 4 computer
(vOj;JUf;fs;> gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; Kiwfs; projector
,yf;fq;fs;> FwpaPLfs;) ,Ukf; FwpKiw jrkk; paper
fzpdpapy; vt;thW (BCD) Book
gpujpepjpj;Jtg; jfty; ,ilkhw;Wf;fhd white board marker
gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd mnkupf;f epak tpjpf;Nfhit internet
vd;gijg ; gFg;gha;Tr; (ASCII)
nra;thu EBCDIC
A+dpNfhl; (Unicode)
3.3Jtpjvz;fspy;mbg;gil Jtpj vz;fzpj nraw;ghLfs:; 4
vz;fzpj kw;Wk; ju;f;f (KO vz;fs; khj;jpuk;)
hPjpahd nraw;ghLfisg ; o $l;ly;> fopj;jy;
gpuNahfpg;ghu;
gpl; thupahd jHf;ftpaw;
nraw;ghLfs ;(BitwiseLogicOperations)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
13. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
NjHr;rp 4. 4.1 mbg;il ,yf;fKiwj ; ,yf;fKiwj;;ju;f;fgliyfSk; 6 computer
mbg;gil,yf;fr; ju;f;fg; gliyfis (Digital Logic Gates) mtw;wpd; projector
Rw;Wf;fisAk; (Digital Logic Gates) cz;ik ml;ltizfSk; (Truth paper
rhjdq;fisAk; mtw;wpd; jdpj;Jt Tables) Book
tbtikg;gjw;Fj ; njhopw;ghLfspd; mbg;gilj ; ju;f;fg; gliyfs ; white board marker
jHf;fgliyfis mbg;gilapy; gFg;gha;T (Basic Logic Gates) internet
ghtpg;ghu; nra;thu; NOT, OR, AND, XOR
Nru;khd (Combinational)
gliyfs;
NAND, NOR, XNOR
nghJg; gliyfs;
NAND, NOR
4.2 g+ypad; ml;ruf;fzpj ,U epiyjHf;ftpaYk;(Two State 8 computer
(Boolean Algebra); Logic) g+ypad; ml;ruf;fzpjKk; projector
tpjpiaAk; fhNdh (Boolean Algebra) paper
tiuglj;ijAk; (Postulates) Book
(Karnaugh map) ntspg;gil cz;ikfSk; white board marker
cgNahfpj;J ju;f;ftpaw; (Axioms) internet
$w;Wfis (Laws) Njw;wq;fs;
vspikahf;Fthu; (Theorems)
gupkhw;W (Commutative), $l;L
(Distributive).
milahsk; (Identity)>
kpifik (Redundancy)
B NkhfdJ - (De Morgan’s)
(Standard Logical Expressions)
ngUf;fq;fspd;$l;Lj;njhifAk;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
14. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
$l;Lj;njhiffspd;
ngUf;fq;fSk; (Product of
Sum- POS)
SOP apypUe;J POS w;Fk;
kw;Wk; mjd; kWjiyAk;
G+ypad; Njw;wq;fs;
fhNdh tiuglk; (Kanaugh
map) vd;gd cgNahfpj;J
vspikahf;Fjy;
4.3 ju;f;ftpay;gliyfisg; 6 computer
gad;gLj;jp vspa ,yf;fr; ml;ltizfSk; ju;f;ftpaw; projector
Rw;Wf;fisAk; NfhitfSk ; (%d;W cs;sPLfs; paper
rhjdq;fisAk; tiu) Book
tbtikg;ghu; Digital white board marker
Circuit) tbtikg;G internet
4.4 kj;jpa nraw;ghl;lyfpy; CPU tpd; fll; ikg;Gf; $Wfs ; 6 computer
Nru;khd ju;f;fr; Rw;Wf;fs; miu $l;b (Half Adder) projector
vt;thW KOikf ; $l;b (Full Adder) paper
gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd Book
vd;gij Muha;tJld; Nrkpj;jy; white board marker
ngsjpf epidtfj;jpy; gpd;D}l;ly; tisak; internet
(physical memory) njhlup (feedback loop)
Rw;Wfs; (sequencial vO tpOtpfs ; (Flip – flops)
circuits) vt;thW
gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd
vd;gjidAk; Muha;thu;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
15. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
NjHr;rp 5: 5.1 fzpdp ,af;f 4 computer
fzpdpapd; KO Kiwikapid tiuaiw (Operating System) mwpKfk; projector
mstpyhd nra;tJld; fzpdpapy; paper
nraw;ghLfis mtw;wpd; Njitia Book
Kfhikj;Jtk tprhupg;ghu; njhopw;ghLfs; white board marker
,ilKfj;ij (interface) internet
toq;fy;
nray; Kfhikj;Jtk;
(process management)
ts Kfhikj;Jtk;
ghJfhg;Gk; fhg;Gk;
tifg;gLj;jy ;
jdpg;gadu; (Single User)– jdp
gzp (Single Task)
jdpg;gadu; (Single User)–
gw;gzp (Multi Task)
gw;gadu; (Multi User)– gw;gzp
(Multi Task)
gy;nrayhf;fk; (Multi
threading)
epfo; Neuk; (Real Time)
Neug;gfpu;T (time sharing)
Kiwikfs
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
16. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
5.2 ,af;f Kiwik File Types) 6 computer
fzpdpfspy; Nfhg;G Nfhg;G tiffspd; mtrpak; projector
fisAk; (files) (.exe, .jpg .txt Nghd;wd) paper
milTfisAk; (Directory)> Nfhg;G Book
(directories/ folders) vd;gtw;wpd; xOq;fikg;G white board marker
vt;thW Kfhik Nfhg;G gbepiy (file hierarchi) internet
nra;fpd;wJ vd;gijf; File Systems)-
fz;lha;th FAT Nghd;wd
File Security)
flTr;nrhy; (Passwords)
mZfy; cupik (Access
Privileges)
Nrkpg;G xJf;fPL (storage
allocation)
(contiguous allocation)
(Index
Allocation)
(Defragmentation)
tl;L tbtikg;gpd;
tUtpisTk; mtrpaKk ;
(Need and outcome of disk
formatting)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
17. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
5..3 ,af;f KiwikahdJ 6 computer
fzpdpapd; nray;fis interrupts),ilA+W projector
vt;thW epu;tfpf;fpd;wJ ifahsYk; (interrupts handling) paper
vd;gij Muha;thu; (Process Book
Management) white board marker
(process states) internet
(Process
Transitions)
(Context
switching)
(Process
Schedulers)
5.4 ,af;f KiwikahdJ 6 computer
tsq;fis vt;thW epidtf Kfhikj;Jtk; projector
epu;tfpf;fpd;wJ vd;gij myF (MMU) paper
Muha;thu;. ngsjPf epidtfk; (physical Book
memory) white board marker
nka;epfu; epidtfk; (virtual internet
memory)
Kfhikj;Jtk ;
rhjdr; nrYj;jpfs; (device
drivers)
Rw;Wjy; (Spooling)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
18. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
NjHr;rp 6: 6.1 rkpf;iQfisAk; 4 computer
jfty; gfpu;itr; mtw;wpd; ,yf;f Kiw (digital) projector
nraw;jpwDs;s rpwg;gpay;GfisAk; Xg;Gik (analog) paper
tifapy; gfpu;T Muha;thu; Book
nra;tjw;fhfjuT tPr;rk; (amplitude) white board marker
njhlu;ghly; kw;Wk; mjpu;ntz; (frequency) internet
fzpdptiyaikg;G miyePsk; (wave length)
vd;gtw;wpd; mtj;ij (phase)
njhopy;El;gq;fis
Muha;thu; (propagation) Ntfk;
6.2 rkpf;iQ CLflj;jy; 4 computer
Clfq;fis Ma;T (guided media) projector
nra;thu; KWf;fpa Nrhb (Twisted Pair) paper
Xur;R tlk; (Coaxial Cable), Book
,io xspapay; (Fibre white board marker
Optics) Nghd;wd internet
ntw;W ntsp (free space)-
topgLj;jg;glhj Clfq;fs;
(unguided media)
rpwg;gpay;Gfs;
(Latency)
(Bandwidth)
(Noise)
(Attenuation )
(Distortion)
vspa ,lj;jpay; (simple topology)-
,lj;jpw;F ,l (point-to-point)
,izg;G
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
19. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
6.3 rkpf;iQf; $Wfisg; 4 computer
gad;gLj;jp ,yf;fKiwj; rkpf;iQf ; $Wfspd; ,zf;fg;ghL projector
juTfs; vt;thW – elg;nghOq;F ( a protocol) paper
Fwpaplg;gLfpd;wJ ,U vspa $Wfs;- ,U Book
(encode) vd;gij Nthy;w;wsT kl;lq;fs; white board marker
tprhupg;ghu; (tPr;rq;fs;) internet
Vida rhj;jpag;ghLfs;
(RUf;fkhf)
rkpf;iQf; $Wfs; khwf;$ba
Ntfk;
xUq;F epfo;tpd; mtrpak;
(timing/clocks)
Manchester Fwpaply;
tOf;fisf; ifahSjy ;
(Parity)
6.4 ,uz;L njhiy 4 computer
rhjdq;fis tiyaikg;G (PSTN) projector
,izg;gjw;F nghJ ,U epiyfSf;fpilapy; paper
Mspaplg;gl;l njhiyNgrp xg;Gik Fuy; nry;tjw;F Book
tiyaikg;gpd; (Public Rw;nwhd;iw toq;Fjy; white board marker
Switched Telephone (modulation) internet
Network (PSTN)) gz;gpwf;fk; (demodulation) kw;Wk;
gad;ghl;il Muha;thu; Nkhnlk; (modem)
xg;Gik rkpf;iQf;
$Wfisg; gad;gLj;jpjjuTFwpaply
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
20. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
Nkhnlk; gad;gLj;jp ,U
rhjdq;fis ,izj;jy;
6.5 gy rhjdq;fis 4 computer
tiyaikg;nghd;wpy; xd;Nwhnlhd;W ,izg;gJ (all – projector
,izg;gjpy; cs;s to - all) eilKiw rhj;jpakw;wJ paper
gpur;rpidfis vt;thW Book
ifahs;tJ vd;gij vspik white board marker
tprhupg;ghu gpur;rpid : ghl;il internet
mZfiyf; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;
(Clfk;)
tpd;kPd; (Star)
tisak; (Ring)
fz;zp (Mesh)
,izg;G Ftpad; (Hubs)
Mspfs; (Switches)
6.6 Clf mZfy;fl;Lg;ghL (LAN) 4 computer
(MAC) elg;nghOq;fpd; projector
tfpgq;fpid Muha;thu; (addresses);: MAC paper
(frames) Book
white board marker
mZfy; kpf vspa elg;nghOq;F internet
ALOHA tpypUe;J Ethernet
w;fhd Kd;Ndw;wq;fs;
(Broadcasting and unicasting)
nra;jpfs;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
21. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
6.7 ,izaj;ij 6 computer
mikg;gjw;Fg ; mjw;F Nkw;gl;l projector
gy;tiyaikg;Gfs; tiyaikg;GfSld; ,izj;jy; paper
vt;thW xd;Nwhnlhd;W – Eiothapy; (gateway) Book
,izf;fg;gLfpd;wd MAC Kftupaply; kw;Wk; LAN white board marker
vd;gij Muha;thu; njhopDl;gk; vd;gtww; pypUe;J internet
RahjPdkhd cyfshtpa
jdpj;Jtr ; rPuhd Kftupaplypd;
mtrpak;
IPv4 Kftupaply;
IP fis tiyaikg;gpw;F
xJf;Fjy;
(subnetting)
(subnet mask)
---------------------
CIDR FwpaPL
( Private)IPKftupfs;
DHCP
IPv4 Kftupfspd;
gw;whf;FiwAk; mjw;F jPu;thf
IPv6 ck; (NkNyhl;lk;)
Nrupl topiaf ; fz;lwpjy;
topr;nrYj;jYk; topg;gLj;jpAk
nghjp kilkhw;wy;
rpwe;j Nru;g;gpg;G Kaw;rp
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
22. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
6.8 ,izaj;jpy; 4 computer
Nghf;Ftuj;J kw;nwhU gpuNahf nraypf;Fj ; projector
elg;nghOq;Ffspd; juitr; Nru;g;gpj;jy; paper
tfpghfj;ij Muha;thu IP apdhy; ,dq;fhzg;gl;l xU Book
Xk;Gdupd; (host) gy; white board marker
gpuNahfq;fs; internet
Multiplexing) – mNj
IP apy; gy;Kbtplq;fs;
thapy;fSk; (ports) thapy;
,yf;fq;fSk
o UDP
o TCP
6.9 ,izaj;jpd; rpy (DNS) 4 computer
gpuNahfq;fis Muha;thu o IP Kftupfis Qhgfk; projector
itj;Jf;nfhs;tJ fbdk ; paper
khdpl el;Gilg; ngau;fs; Book
gbepiy ngau; ntsp white board marker
xt;nthU Ms;fsKk; mjd; internet
fPOs;s ngau;fis Kfhik
nra;tjw;Fg ; nghWg;gha;
,Uj;jy;
cau; kl;l Ms;fsq;fs;
Nritg; gadu; khjpup
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
23. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
6.10 tiyaikg;gpd; khjpup 4 computer
fl;likg;ig (network gpuNahfk; projector
architecture) tpgupg;gjw;Ff; Nghf;Ftuj;J paper
Fwpg;G khjpupfspd; ,izak; Book
(Reference models) tiyaikg;gpw;fhd Xk;Gdu; white board marker
tfpghfj;ijf; fz;lwpthu khjpup internet
gpuNahf mLf;F (Application
Layer)
Kd;itg;G mLf;F
(Presentation Layer)
mku;T mLf;F (Session Layer)
Nghf;Ftuj;J mLf;F
(Transport Layer)
tiyaikg;G mLf;F
(Network Layer)
juT ,izg;G mLf;F (Data
Link Layer)
ngsjPf mLf;F (physical
Layer)
6.11 ,izaj;Jld; 4 computer
,izf;fg;gl;Ls;s xg;gKk; (Encryption and digital projector
rhjdq;fspd; ghJfhg;G signature)- mwpKfk; paper
kw;Wk; njhlu;ghly; nghJr; rhtp (public key) Book
vd;gtw;wpd; ghJfhg;Gf; jdpKiwr; rhtp (private key) white board marker
fhuzpfis tprhupg;ghu; xg;gkply; (signing) internet
(Threats)
er;Repuy;fs; (viruses)
Trojans
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
24. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
td;k nkd;nghUs; (Malware)
tptuj; jpUl;L (Phishing)
o Firewalls
er;Repuy; vjpu; nkd;nghUs;
fy;tp/ rpwe;j mwpT /ey;y
nray;fs;
6.12 mf tiyaikg;Gfis 4 computer
(Home Networks) (ISPs) projector
,izaj;Jld; paper
,izg;gjw;fhfg; toq;Fdu;fSld; ,izj;jy; Book
gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;w Nkhnlk; Modems white board marker
,izar; Nrit o DSL/ADSL internet
toq;Fdu;fs; (ISPs) IP fis gad;gLj;Jk;
kw;Wk; njhopDl;gk; mf ,lj;Jup tiyaikg;G
vd;gtw;wpd; tfpghfj;ij o tiyaikg;G Kftup ngau;g;G
Muha;thu; (Network Address Translation –
NAT)/ gjpyhl;fs; (Proxies)
Nju;r;rp 7 7.1 Kiwikfspd; 4 computer
jfty; Kiwik rpwg;gpay;Gfis Muha;thu; projector
tpUj;jpapy; jpwe;j kw;Wk; %ba paper
Kiwik Kiwikfs; Book
vz;zf;fUit ,aw;if kw;Wk; nraw;if white board marker
Muha;tJld; Kiwikfs; internet
fl;likg;GKiwik capu;thOk; (living) kw;Wk;
gFg;gha;T>tbtikg;G ngsjPf (physical) Kiwikfs
Kiwapaiyg;
ghtpg;ghu;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
25. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
7.2 gy;NtW tifr;nraw;if 4 computer
Kiwikfis mtw;wpd; mYtyfj; jd;dpaf;f projector
Fwpf;Nfhs;fspdJk; Kiwikfs;(OAS) paper
nraw;ghLfspdJk; gupkhw;w nrayhf;f Book
mbg;gilapy; xg;gpl;L Kiwikfs; (TPS) white board marker
Ntwhf;Fthu; Kfhikj;Jt jfty; internet
Kiwikfs; (MIS)
jPu;khd cjT Kiwikfs;
(DSS)
epiwNtw;W cjT
Kiwikfs; (ESS)
Gtpapay; jfty; Kiwikfs;
(GIS)
mwpT Kfhikj;Jt
Kiwikfs; (KMS)
cs;slf;f Kfhikj;Jt
Kiwikfs; (CMS)
epWtd %yts jpl;lkply;
Kiwikfs; (ERPS)
#l;bifKiwikfs;(Smartsystems)
7.3 gy;NtWgl;l jfty; 8 computer
Kiwik tpUj;jp khjpupfs ; (SDLC) projector
khjpupfisAk; Kiwik ePu; tPo;r;rp (Waterfall) paper
tpUj;jp RUsp (Spiral) Book
Kiwapay;fisAk; Agile white board marker
Muha;thu; %ytif khjpup (prototype) internet
Jupj gpuNahf tpUj;jp (Rapid
Applications Development)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
26. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
Kiwapay;fs ;
fl;likf;fg;gl;lit
(structured)
nghUs; Nehf;F (Object
Oriented)
7.4fl;likg;G Kiwik 2 computer
gFg;gha;T kw;Wk; kw;Wk; tbtikg;G Kiwapay; projector
tbtikg;G Kiwapaiyg ; mwpKfk; paper
ghpNrhjpg;ghu; (SSADM) Book
tl;lj;jpd; fl;lq;fs; white board marker
7.5 internet
Gjpa jfty; eilKiwapYs;s 4 computer
Kiwiknahd;wpw;fhd Kiwikapd; gpur;rpidfis projector
NjitiaAk; mjd; ,dq;fhzy; paper
rhj;jpag;ghl;ilAk; o jfty; Kiwfspd; Book
tprhupg;ghu Njitfis white board marker
Kd;Dupikg;gLj;jy; internet
(feasibility
study)
njhopDl;gr; rhj;jpag;ghL
(Technical feasibility)
nghUshjhur;rhj;jpag;ghL
(Economical feasibility)
nraw;ghl;Lr; rhj;jpag;ghL
(Operational feasibility)
jhgdr; rhj;jpag;ghL
(Organizational feasibility)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
27. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
7.6 18 computer
eilKiw Kiwikia nray;ghl;Lj; Njitfs; projector
gFg;gha;tjw;F gy;NtW (Functional requirements) paper
Kiwfisg; ghtpg;ghu; nray;rhuhj; Njitfs; (Non – Book
functional requirements) white board marker
internet
nraw;ghl;L tpsf;f
tiuglq;fs;
tzpf nraw;ghl;L;
khjpupAUthf;fy;
(Business Activity Model)
juT gha;r;ry;
khjpupAUthf;fy; (Data Flow
Modeling - DFM)
(Data Flow Diagram - DFD)
mbg;gilr; nra;Kiw
tpgupg;GfSk; (Elementary
Process Descriptions -
EPD)
ju;f;fj ; juT khjpupAUthf;fy;
(Business System Options -BSO)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
28. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
7.7 14 computer
Kd;nkhopag;gl;lKiwikia ju;f;f juT khjpupAUthf;fy; projector
tbtikg;ghu; paper
Kiwikf;fhd ju;f;f juT Book
gha;r;ry; tiuglk; white board marker
internet
mbg;gilr; nra;Kiw
tpgupg;Gk; (Elementary
process description - EPD)
ju;f;f juT khjpupAUthf;fy ;
Kiwikf;fhd ju;f;f
juTf ;fl;likg;G (Logical
Data Structure)
juTj;js ngsjPf tbtikg;G
(Table) kw;Wk;
gjpT tpguf;$w;Wfs;(record
descriptions)
(Data
Dictionary)
7.8 6 computer
Kd;nkhopag;gl;lKiwikia projector
tpUj;jp nra;J ghPl;rpg;ghu paper
guPl;ir jUtha;fs; (Test Book
cases) white board marker
internet
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
29. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
ntz;ngl;br; Nrhjpg;G (White
Box Testing)
fWg;Gg;ngl;br; Nrhjpg;G (Black
Box Testing)
myF Nrhjpg;G
xd;wpizf;fg;gl;l Nrhjpg;G
Kiwik Nrhjpg;G
Vw;Gr; Nrhjpg;G
7.9 4 computer
tpUj;jpahf;fg;gl;l (Deployment) projector
Kiwikia tpupTWj;Jthu rkhe;juk; (Parallel) paper
Neub (Direct) Book
Kd;Ndhb (Pilot) white board marker
fl;lk; (Phase) internet
juT ngau;r;rpAk; (migration) gadu;
gapw;Wtpg;Gk;
(Review)cjtp(support)
kw;Wk; guhkupg;G
7.1 4 computer
re;ijapy; nfhs;tdT nra;af;$ba nkd;nghUs; projector
nra;af;$ba (off-the-shelf) nghjpfs; ghtidapd; ed;ik paper
Kiwiknahd;iwf; nfhz;L jPikfs ; Book
Kiwik mKyhf;fiy white board marker
tpgupg;ghu; jpwd;fs;> gzpNghf;F vd;gd internet
gFg;gha;T
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
30. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
(Business process mapping)
(Business process reengineering)
Nju;r;rp 8: 8.1 2 computer
nraw;wpwd; kw;Wk juTj; jfty; vd;gtw;wpd; projector
gaDs;s tifapy; mbg;gilfisAk; fl;likf;fg;glhjJkhd juT paper
juTfis Kfhik juTj;jsq;fSf;F mtw;wpd; Book
nra;tjw;F Vw;w Njitg;ghl;ilAk; fw;ghu; Database white board marker
juTj;jsKiwik Models) internet
tbtikj;JtpUj;jp rkjsf; Nfhg;G Kiwik (Flat
nra;thu; file Systems)
gbepiy khjpup (Hierarchical
Model)
tiyaikg;G khjpup (Network
Model)
cwTepiy khjpup (Relational
Model)
nghUs; cwTepiy khjpup
(Object Relational Model)
8.2 ER tiuglq;fs ; 12 computer
juTj;jsnkhd;wpd; jdpg;nghUl;fs; (Entities) projector
fUj;JUthf;f mikg;ig gz;Gfs; (Attributes) paper
tbtikg;ghu jdpg;nghUl;fspd; Book
,dq;fhl;bfs; white board marker
(Identifiers) internet
njhlu;G Kiwfs;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
31. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
vz;zsit (Cardinality)
cwTKiw EER (Extended ER)
ml;ltizfs; - mwpKfk
8.3 6 computer
juTj;jsnkhd;wpd; ju;f;f tiuaiw projector
jpl;lj;ij tbtikg;ghu; paper
Book
white board marker
internet
gpujpepjpj;Jtr ; rhtp (Candidate
Key)
Kjd;ikr; rhtp
khw;Wr; rhtp
me;epar;rhtp
(Domain)
8.4 6 computer
ER tiuglj;ij ju;f;fj ; projector
jpl;lkhf khw;Wthu; paper
8.5 Book
njhlu;GKiw juTj;js o gz;Gfs;(Attributes)/ epuy;fs; white board marker
khjphpapd; gpujhd $Wfis (Columns) internet
tpsf;Fthu; gjpTfs; (tuples)/epiufs;
njhlu;GKiwfs;
(Relationships)
fl;Lg;ghL tiffs;
ntw;W kWg;Gf; fl;Lg;ghL
jdpj;Jtf ; fl;Lg;ghL
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
32. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
Kjd;ik rhtpf; fl;Lg;ghL
me;epa rhtpf ; fl;Lg;ghL
(ml;ltiz) rupghu;j;jy;
fl;Lg;ghL
8.6 4 computer
juTj;js Kiwiknahd;wpd; Kiwikfs; (DBMS) projector
gpujhd $Wfisg;gFg;gha;T (DDL) paper
nra;thu fl;likg;G tpdty; nkhop Book
(SQL) mwpKfk; white board marker
SQL tifg;gLj;jy internet
DDL cgNahfpj;J
njhlu;GKiwj; juTj;jsj;ij
cUthf;fy;
nra;jy;
ePf;fYk;
me;epar; rhtp
vd;gtw;iwr;
Nru;j;jYk; ePf;fYk;
(DML)
o SQL ypy; DML ,d;
jd;ikfs;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
33. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
khw;wq;fisr; nra;jy;>
kPsg;ngWjy;> epfo;
epiyg;gLj;jy;> ePf;Fjy;
njupT tpdty;
gjpTfisAk; epuy;fisAk;
gpupj;njLj;jy;
nra;ifiag ; (Inner join
operation) gad;gLj;jpg; gy
ml;ltizfspypUe;J
gjpTfisAk; epuy;fisAk;
gpupj;njLj;jy;
tpdty;
8.7 14 computer
nraw;wpwidtpUj;jp nra;Ak; kpifikfSk;> Kuz;ghLfSk projector
nghUl;L juTj;js paper
mikg;igr ; rPuhfF; thu Book
white board marker
(Functional internet
dependencies)
KO mstpyhd rhu;G
epiyfs;
gFjpastpyhd rhu;G epiyfs;
khwf;$ba rhu;G epiyfs;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
34. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
(Transitive Dependencies)
g+r;rpa ,ay;ghf;fy; tbtk;
KjyhtJ ,ay;ghf;fy;
tbtk;
,uz;lhtJ ,ay;ghf;fy;
tbtk;
%d;whtJ ,ay;ghf;fy; tbtk;
NjHr;rp 9: 9.1 2 computer
gpur;rpidfisj; gpur;rpidfisj; jPu;f;Fk; projector
jPu;g;gjw;F nray;fis cgNahfpg;ghu vy;iyfis tiuaWj;jYk; paper
newpKiwfis Book
tpUj;jpnra;tJld; white board marker
mtw;iwepuyhf;fk; 9.2 Modularization) 4 internet
nra;tjw;Figj;jd; gpur;rpidfisj; jPHg;gjw;F computer
epuyhf;fy; NkypUe;J fPo; Kiw kw;Wk; gbKiw ePf;fy; KiwAk; projector
nkhopapid gbKiw ePf;fy; Kiw (TopDown/ stepwise refinement paper
cgNahfpg;ghu; vd;gtw;iw Muha;thu; methodology) Book
white board marker
9.3 6 internet
gpur;rpidfisj; jPHg;gjw;F gha;r;rw; Nfhl;Lg;glk; computer
newpKiw mZfisg ; NghypfFwpfs; projector
gad;gLj;Jthu; ifr; RtLfs; (Hand traces) paper
9.4 2 Book
ntt;NtW nray;epuyhf;fy; white board marker
Nfhl;ghl;Lr; rl;lfq;fis fl;lis nkhopfs; (Imperative internet
(paradigms) xg;gpl;L; languages)
NtWgLj;Jthu mwptpg;G nkhopfs;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
35. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
nghUs; Nehf;F nkhopfs
9.5 2 computer
nra;epuy; mtrpak; projector
nkhopngau;g;ghd;fspd; (source codes) paper
mtrpaj;ijAk; mtw;wpd; (object Book
tiffisAk; Ma;T nra;thu;codes) white board marker
internet
(program translators)
nkhopkhw;wpfs; (Interpreters)
njhFg;ghd;fs; (Compilers)
fyg;G mZfy; (Hybrid
approach)
(Linkers)
9.6 4 computer
xUq;fpize;j tpUj;jpr; mbg;gilj; jd;ikfs; projector
R+oypd; (IDE) mbg;gilj; paper
jd;ikfis ,dq;fhz;gjw;F mwpTWj;jy;fs ; Book
mjid Ma;T nra;thu; Nfhg;Gfisj ; jpwj;jYk; white board marker
Nrkpj;jYk; internet
nra;epuy;fis njhFj;jy;>
epiwNtw;wy;
(debugging)
9.7 newpKiwfisf; 10 computer
FwpKiwapLtjw;Ff; (Comments) projector
fl;lis epuy; (variables) khwpypfSk paper
nkhopnahd;iw (constants); Book
cgNahfpg;ghu; white board marker
internet
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
36. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
(operator
categories)
fzpj (arthmetical) njhlu;G
(relational) ju;f;f (logical) gpl;
thupahf (bitwise)
(Operator
precedence)
tpirg;gyif %yk; cs;sPL
epak rhjdq;fSf;F ntspaPL
9.8 12 computer
nra;epuy; tpUj;jpapy; njhlu; (sequence) projector
fl;Lg;ghl;L fl;likg;Gfisg; njupT (selection) paper
gad;gLj;Jthu kPs; epfo;T (repetition) Book
(iteration) white board marker
internet
9.9 (types 10 computer
nra;epuyhf;fypy; Jizr; subprogram) projector
nra;epuy;fisg ; (sub cl;nghjpe;jit (build in) paper
programs) gad;gLj;Jthu; gadu; tiuaWj;jit (user Book
defined) white board marker
(structure) internet
(Parameter
passing)
,ay;Gepiy kjpg;Gfs;
khwpfspd; nraw;gug;G
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
37. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
9.1 (data 8 computer
nra;epuy;fspy; juTf; structures) projector
fl;likg;Gfisg; ghtpg;ghu; o Strings paper
o Lists Book
o Tuples white board marker
o Dictionaries internet
9.11 nra;epuy;fspy; (File 6 computer
Nfhg;GfisAk; juTj; handling) projector
jsq;fisAk; mbg;gil Nfhg;Gr; paper
ifahSthu; nraw;ghLfs ; (Basic file Book
operations) white board marker
9.12 juTj; jsq;fspy; juT 4 internet
Kfhikj;Jtk; nra;thu; Vw;gLj;jy ; computer
retrieve data) projector
(add) paper
jpUj;jk; nra;jy; (modify) kw;Wk; Book
ePf;Fjy; (delete) white board marker
9.13 juTfisj; Njb (Searching 4 internet
tifg;gLj;Jthu Techniques) computer
tupirKiwj; Njly; projector
(Sequential Search) paper
(Sorting Book
Techniques) white board marker
Fkpop tifg;gLj;jy; (Bubble internet
Sort)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
38. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
NjHr;rp 10: 10.1 (www) 8 computer
gy;Y}lf cyfshtpa tiyapd;(www projector
njhopy;El;gq;fis or web) mtrpaj;ij jfty;> nra;jpfs; paper
xUq;fpizj;J Muha;thu; jdpg;gl;l> fy;tprhu;> tu;j;jfk;> Book
,izaj;jsq;fis Ma;T white board marker
tpUj;jp nra;thu; tiy thry;fs; (web portals) internet
(HTML 5 ghtid) 10.2 4 computer
gadu; Njitfisg; Fwpf;Nfhs;fis tiuaWj;jy ; projector
gFg;gha;T nra;thu;(gy;Y}lf paper
cs;slf;fq;fs); cs;slf;fq;fs Book
10.3 4 white board marker
tiyg;gf;fnkhd;iw njhFjpfs; internet
cUthf;Ftjw;F (HTML) gf;f tiuaiw computer
,y; nghUj;jkhd Fwpfis jiyg; gFjp projector
(tags) ,dq;f; hzg; hu; cly; gFjp paper
gpd;dzp epwk; Book
thrfk; tbtikj;jy; white board marker
gUkDk; tu;zKk; internet
Fwpg;Gr ; Nru;j;jy;
10.4 16 computer
,izg;G Vw;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s cs;slf;fq;fs ; projector
(linked) tiyg; gff;q;fis Kjw;gf;fk; paper
cUthf;Ftjw;Fg; HTML ,izf;fg;gl;l gf;fq;fs; Book
ghtpg;ghu; kP ,izg;G (hyper link) white board marker
internet
gFjpfs; (gf;f milahsk)
gf;fq;fs
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
39. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
ntt;NtW jsq;fspd;
gf;fq;fs; (Gwepiy
,izg;G)
(lists)
tupiraplg;gl;l gl;bay;fs;
tupiraplg;glhj gl;bay;fs;
tpsf;fg; gl;bay;fs
gbkk; (images)
ml;ltizfs; (tables)
gyY; }lf nghUs;fs
10.5 (style sheet) 8 computer
,izag; gf;fq;fspd; mwpKfk; projector
Njhw;wj;ij khw;Wtjw;fhfg; CSS paper
ghzpj; jhisg; (style sheet) njhlupay; (syntax) Book
gad;gLj;Jthu; tpsf;ff;Fwpg;Gfs; white board marker
CSS ,id njupT nra;Ak; internet
fUtpfs ; (selectors)
element, id, class, group
CSS ,id,izg;Gnra;Ak;topfs;
cs;sf> ntspthup> cs;sik
gpd;Gyk; (background) (tu;zk;>
gbkk; (image))
thrfq;fSk; vOj;JUf;fSk;
(text & fonts)
,izg;Gfs; (links)
gl;bay;fs; (lists)
ml;ltizfs; (tables)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
40. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
10.6 tiyg;glg;ghf;ff;fUtp (authoring 10 computer
tiyg; gf;fq;fis tpUj;jp tools) mwpKfk; projector
nra;tjw;F tiyjj; sg ; paper
gilg;ghf;ff; fUtpiag ; Book
(authoring tools) ghtpg;ghu white board marker
10.7 internet
PHP, Mysql vd;gtw;iwg; mwpKfk; 6 computer
gad;gLj;jp ,af;Fepiy PHP projector
tiyg;gf;fq;fis (dynamic FwpKiwia (code) cl;nghjpjy ; paper
web pages) cUthf;Fthu khwpfs; (variables) Book
mzpfs; (arrays) white board marker
fl;Lg;ghl;Lf ; fl;likg;Gfs ; internet
(control structures)
rhu;Gfs; (functions)
juTj;js ,izg;G (database
connection)
juTj;jsq;fSld; nray;gly;
(working with databases)
(forms)
cs;sPl;Lf; $Wfs;
(Type
attribute)
(Name
attribute)
(Value
attribute)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
41. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
thrf cs;sPL (text input)
(flTr;nrhy ; (password))
NubNah nghj;jhd; (Radio
buttons)
rupghu;g;Gg; ngl;b (Check box)
njupT (Selection)
rku;g;gpj;jy; nghj;jhd;fs;
(Submit buttons)
kPsikTg ; nghj;jhd
nray; ,ay;G (Action
attribute)
Kiw ,ay;G (Method
attribute)
Get
Post
<fieldset> vd;w xl;ilg;
gad;gLj;jpg; gbtj;
juTfisf; FOthf;Fjy;
juTfis cs;sPL nra;jYk;
Mysql juTj;jsj;jpypUe;J
juTfis kPsg;ngWtjw;F PHP
FwpKiw vOJjy;
gbtg; ngWkhdq;fisg;
nghUj;Jjy;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
42. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
10.8 (Local 4 computer
tiyj;jsq;fis ntspaPL Publishing) projector
nra;J guhkupg;ghu; jdJ fzpdpapy;> paper
mftpizaj;jpy; Book
(Intranet) white board marker
internet
,iza Nrit toq;FdUf;F
(web service provider)
,izj;jy;
,iza Nritafk; (web
server) xd;wpy; ,izag;
gf;fq;fis ntspapLjy;
(publishing)
ghjpf;Fk; fhuzpfs
NjHr;rp 11: 11.1 ,yf;f 8 computer
nghUl;fspd; Kiwikfspd; Microprocessor DevelopmentSystems MDS projector
,izaj;ij IOT (digital systems) o Ed;nrayp tpUj;jpg; gyif paper
Muha;tJld; mbg;gil (Microprocessor Book
mtw;wpf;F fw;ww;Wz;lq;fs; Development Board) white board marker
mtrpakhd (basic buiding blocks) mwpKfk; internet
vspikahd gw;wpa mwptpidg; gz;Gf;$Wfs; (Features)
gpuNahfq;fis ngw;Wf;nfhs;thu;
tpUj;jpr;nra;tjw;F (Analog Input)
,yf;fKiwikfspd;
mbg;gil (Digital Input)
fw;ww;Wz;lq;fis
,dq;fhz;ghu; (Microprocessor)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
43. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
(Digital Output)
RX kw;Wk; TX Pins
USB thapy; (Port)
(Power
supply)
Reset
Switch)
fzpdpAldhd ,izg;G
(Connect to the computer)
USB njhLg;Gilik
(Connectivity)
#oy;
nkd;nghUs;(FwpKiw
njhFg;gp> njhFg;ghd;>
nray;epuy; vOJdu;)
(IDE Software (code
editor, compiler,programmer))
vspikahd gpuNahfq;fs;
LED xd;iw xspu
tpLjYk; epWj;JjYk;
(Switch on/off a LED)
£o; xspr; nrwptpid
LDR cld;
mDg;GjYk; xsp
nrwpTf;Nfw;g LED
fis xspu tpLjYk;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
44. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
(Sending ambient light
intensity with a LDR and
switching on LEDs on
light intensity
- ntg;gepiy
czupapdhy;
miwnahd;wpd;
ntg;gepiyia
czu;jYk; cau;
ntg;gepiyapy;
tprpwpia
,af;ftpLjYk;>
epWj;JjYk; (Sensing
the room temperature
with temperature sensor
and switching on a fan
on high temperature and
off)
fhe;j MspAld; fjT
jpwj;jy; kw;Wk;
%Ljiyf;
fz;Lzu;jy; (Door computer
open/close detection with magnetic switch) projector
11.2 vspikahd 4 paper
gpuNahfq;fis (Intenet of Things (IOT)) Book
cUthf;Ftjw;F ○ tiutpyf;fzk; white board marker
nghUlfspd; ,izaj;ij (Definition) internet
Muha;thu;
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
45. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
mtrpak; (Needs)
○ gpuNahfq;fs;
(Applications)
○ ,aYikg;gLj;Jk;
njhopDl;gq;fs; (Enabling
technologies)
epu;khzpgg;jw;F vspikahd>
nghUl;fspd; ,iza gpuNahfk;
(Simple IOT application to construct
a remote switch)
NjHr;rp 12: 12.1 cyf tzpfq;fspy; (Digital) 4 computer
,d;iwa tzpf jftYk; njhlu;ghly; nghUshjhuk ; projector
epWtdq;fSf;Fk; njhopDl;gj;jpd; tfpghfk; ,yf;fKiw (Digital) paper
Nghl;bahd re;ij gw;wp Muha;thu;. nghUshjhuj;jpy; Gjpa tzpf Book
tha;g;gpw;Fk; jftYk; Kiwfs; white board marker
njhlu;ghly; (Reverse internet
njhopDl;gj;jpdJ Auction).
nghUj;jg;ghL gw;wp (Group
Muha;thu;. Purchsing).
(e-Market Place)
kw;Wk;
pure click epWtdq;fs;
njhlu;ghly; njhopy;El;gj;jpd;
tfpghfKk
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
46. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
fzf;fPLk; jfty; njhlu;ghly;
njhopy;El;gKk;
kdpj %ytsKk; jfty;
njhlu;ghly; njhopy;El;gKk;
cw;gj;jpAk; jfty;
njhlu;ghly; njhopy;El;gKk;
re;ijg;gLj;jy; kw;Wk;
tpw;gidAk; jfty;
njhlu;ghly; njhopy;El;gKk;
tpepNahf rq;fpypj;njhlu;
Kfhikj;JtKk; (supply chain
management) jfty;
njhlu;ghly; njhopy;El;gKk;
tzpfj ; njhlu;ghlYk; jfty;
njhlu;ghly; njhopy;El;gKk;
ghJfhg;ghd nfhLg;gdT
nghwpKiw
Eiothapy; (paymentgateway)
(credit cards) nfhLg;gdT
Paypal Nghd;wit
juT kiwFwpahf;fk;
(data encryption)
Ez;fld; gzk;
nrYj;jy;fs; (bit
coin etc.)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
47. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
,yj;jpudpay; tpahghuj;jpd;
tha;g;GfSk; mr;RWj;jy;fSk;
me;juq;fk; (privacy)
jahupg;G tu;j;jfkakhf;fy;
(product commercialization
12.2 4 computer
jfty; njhlu;ghly; ,yj;jpudpay; tzpfKk; projector
njhopDl;gtpaYf;Fk ;tzpf ,yj;jpudpay; tu;j;jfj;jpdJk; paper
nraw;ghLfSf;Fkpilapyhd ,yj;jpudpay; tzpfj;jpdJk; Book
cwTKiwiag; gFg;gha;T nraw;gug;G white board marker
nra;thu; ,yj;jpudpay; tzpfg;gupkhw;w internet
tiffs;
nka;epfu; filKfg;Gfs;
(Virtual Storefronts)
jfty; jufu;fs;
njhluwh re;ij ,lk;
(Online Market Place)
cs;slf;f toq;Fdu;
njhluwh Nrit toq;Fdu;
tiythry; (Portal)
nka;epfu; r%fk; (virtual
community)
mD$yq;fSk; gpujp$yq;fSk
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
48. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
12.3 4 computer
thbf;ifahsUf;F re;ijg;gLj;jy; vz;zf;fU projector
Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;l re;ijg;gLj;jypy; jfty; paper
cw;gj;jpiaAk; njhlu;ghly; njhopEl;gg; Book
NritiaAk; cUthf;Fjy; gad;ghL white board marker
kw;Wk; internet
tpepNahfpj;jy; vDk;
mbg;gilapy; jfty; nraw;if Ez;zwpT
njhlu;ghly; fUtpfisAk; (AI tools)
njhopDl;gtpaypd; njhopy;El;gq;fisAk; nfhz;L
gq;fspg;gpidg; gFg;gha;Tr; thbf;ifahsupd; elj;ijfis
nra;thu; vjpu;T$wy;
jfty; njhlu;ghly;
njhopDl;gtpaypd; Clhf
Nghl;bkpF gyd;fisg;ngwy;
(Mobile
Marketing
Nju;r;rp 13: 13.1 4 computer
jfty; njhlu;ghly; fzpj;jypd; Gjpa czu;jpwd;kpf;fJkhd fzpj;jy ; projector
njhopDl;gtpaypd; Nghf;FfisAk; vjpHfhy (Intelligent and emotional computing) paper
Gjpa Nghf;FfisAk; topfhl;Ljy;fisAk; (Artificial Book
vjpHfhy Muha;thu; intelligence) white board marker
topfhl;Ljy;fisAk; internet
Muha;thu; (Man – Machine coexistence)
xUq;fpUj;jy; Machine to Machine
coexistence)
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..
49. ghlk;: ICT
ghl Mrpupah; ngah;:
myF
/cg
myF Njh;;r;rp Njh;;r;rpkl;lk; ghl cs;slf;fk;
ghl
Ntis
ju cs;sPL
fzpg;
gPl;Lv
z;
cj;Njr
j;jpfjp
epiwNt
w;wpajpf
jp Fwpg;G
Mrphpah;
xg;gk;
mjpgh;/Nk
w;ghh;itx
g;gk;
13.2 (software 4 computer
Kftu; njhopDl;gtpaypd; agents) projector
mbg;gilfisAk; multi – paper
gpuNahfq;fisAk; Muha;thu; agent systems) Book
white board marker
gpuNahfq;fs ; (Application of agent internet
systems))
13.3 Von- Neumann fzpdpf;F mg;ghy; 4 computer
jw;NghjpUf;Fk; fzpj;jypd; projector
khjphpfis Ma;tJld; Gjpa (Nature inspired computing) paper
khjphpfis Kd;nkhopthu; Book
(Biology inspired computing) white board marker
internet
(fundamentals of quantum
computing)
NjHr;rp 14. 14.1 15 computer
vspikahd jfty; jfty; Kiwik projector
Kiwiknahd;iwr ; tbtikj;jypy; paper
nraw;wpl;l (Project) nraw;wpl;lq;fis Book
nkhd;whf tbtikj;J Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;thu; white board marker
mKyhf;Fthu internet
14.2 jfty; Kiwikiar; 15 computer
nraw;gLj;JtJld; nra;J projector
fhl;Lthu; paper
Book
white board marker
internet
tphpthd Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; ghlg;gjpTk; jtiz:…………………..