This document summarizes a project to develop a portable life support system called HyPerPLSS that would use hydrogen peroxide as a single consumable to provide oxygen, water, power, cooling and propulsion for extravehicular activities. It describes the conceptual design of the system components including a hydrogen peroxide tank, catalyst bed to decompose the hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and steam, a Stirling engine to convert heat into electricity, and sublimator and supply loops. It also discusses reliability analyses conducted including failure modes and effects analysis and fault tree analysis to evaluate risks and inform design improvements. Finally, it outlines plans for further prototyping and testing in the next phase of the project.
Mark Rinckel has over 30 years of experience in mechanical engineering and nuclear safety analysis. He holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Ohio State University and an M.E. from University of Virginia. Currently, he is the Supervisor of Codes and Methods at AREVA responsible for analytical codes used in nuclear safety analysis. Previously, he has held roles in license renewal project management, safety analysis, and component engineering for nuclear power plants. He has extensive experience supporting license renewal applications and developing industry guidance reports on aging management.
George Gilbert (Bert) Yates resume updated 5 5-16Bert Yates
Bert Yates has over 35 years of experience in regulatory affairs and licensing for nuclear power plants. He has specialized in improved technical specifications, environmental and seismic qualification of equipment, digital instrumentation and control system modifications, and license renewal projects. Most recently, he served as the Licensing Lead Engineer at the Callaway Plant from 1993 to 2015, where he wrote and implemented over 100 license amendments and 500 FSAR changes. He has expertise in a wide range of regulatory topics including operability determinations, accident analyses, and risk-informed licensing amendments.
Drilling systems automation is the real-time reliance on digital technology in creating a wellbore. It encompasses downhole tools and systems, surface drilling equipment, remote monitoring and the use of models and simulations while drilling. While its scope is large, its potential benefits are impressive, among them: fewer workers exposed to rig-floor hazards, the ability to realize repeatable performance drilling, and lower drilling risk. While drilling systems automation includes new drilling technology, it is most importantly a collaborative infrastructure for performance drilling. In 2008, a small group of engineers and scientists attending an SPE conference noted that automation was becoming a key topic in drilling and they formed a technical section to investigate it further. By 2015, the group reached a membership of sixteen hundred as the technology rapidly gaining acceptance. Why so much interest? The benefits and promises of an automated approach to drilling address the safety and fundamental economics of drilling. What will it take? Among the answers are an open collaborative digital environment at the wellsite, an openness of mind to digital technologies, and modified or new business practices. What are the barriers? The primary barrier is a lack of understanding and a fear of automation. When will it happen? It is happening now. Digital technologies are transforming the infrastructure of the drilling industry. Drilling systems automation uses this infrastructure to deliver safety and performance, and address cost.
The document summarizes lessons learned from a multi-year DCS migration project at the Total Port Arthur Refinery. It discusses the background of the refinery and reasons for the DCS migration. It also covers key aspects of managing the project such as developing the scope, selling the program to management, project staffing, and handling unexpected issues discovered during implementation.
Zero downtime upgrate for dcs migration Thermo SystemsBrian Thomas
Review and discuss DCS replacement in a 24/7 Critical District Energy Facility. Pepco Energy Services (customer) partnered with Thermo Systems, a Rockwell Automation Solution Partner, to design, build, deploy and commission a turnkey replacement of its aging DCS system serving the district energy system in Midtown Atlantic City. The successful migration included zero customer downtime, ease of service, increased operational efficiency, billing accuracy, and expansion possibilities moving forward.
This presentation was delivered by Bell Energy as part of training program in 2013. It provides the reader, basic to intermediate level of information on the use of Bowties for managing Hazards & Effects. Bowties can be used by any industry whether they are Oil & Gas, Finance, Banks, Aviation, Power, Nuclear, Construction, Infrastructure. To know more about bowties, please visit www.bell-energy.com or contact us on uaeoffice@bell-energy.net
Chris Robertson has over 8 years of experience in subsea engineering. He is currently a SURF Engineer at Cronus Technologies where he manages subsea integrity and intervention operations for Freeport McMoRan's Gulf of Mexico facilities. Previously, he was a Subsea Controls Engineer at Wood Group Kenny where he led multiple subsea development projects in the Gulf of Mexico for Anadarko Petroleum, including serving as the controls lead for the seven well Lucius field. Robertson has extensive experience in subsea controls testing, installation, and commissioning. He is proficient in several subsea operations and holds certifications in offshore safety.
Mark Rinckel has over 30 years of experience in mechanical engineering and nuclear safety analysis. He holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Ohio State University and an M.E. from University of Virginia. Currently, he is the Supervisor of Codes and Methods at AREVA responsible for analytical codes used in nuclear safety analysis. Previously, he has held roles in license renewal project management, safety analysis, and component engineering for nuclear power plants. He has extensive experience supporting license renewal applications and developing industry guidance reports on aging management.
George Gilbert (Bert) Yates resume updated 5 5-16Bert Yates
Bert Yates has over 35 years of experience in regulatory affairs and licensing for nuclear power plants. He has specialized in improved technical specifications, environmental and seismic qualification of equipment, digital instrumentation and control system modifications, and license renewal projects. Most recently, he served as the Licensing Lead Engineer at the Callaway Plant from 1993 to 2015, where he wrote and implemented over 100 license amendments and 500 FSAR changes. He has expertise in a wide range of regulatory topics including operability determinations, accident analyses, and risk-informed licensing amendments.
Drilling systems automation is the real-time reliance on digital technology in creating a wellbore. It encompasses downhole tools and systems, surface drilling equipment, remote monitoring and the use of models and simulations while drilling. While its scope is large, its potential benefits are impressive, among them: fewer workers exposed to rig-floor hazards, the ability to realize repeatable performance drilling, and lower drilling risk. While drilling systems automation includes new drilling technology, it is most importantly a collaborative infrastructure for performance drilling. In 2008, a small group of engineers and scientists attending an SPE conference noted that automation was becoming a key topic in drilling and they formed a technical section to investigate it further. By 2015, the group reached a membership of sixteen hundred as the technology rapidly gaining acceptance. Why so much interest? The benefits and promises of an automated approach to drilling address the safety and fundamental economics of drilling. What will it take? Among the answers are an open collaborative digital environment at the wellsite, an openness of mind to digital technologies, and modified or new business practices. What are the barriers? The primary barrier is a lack of understanding and a fear of automation. When will it happen? It is happening now. Digital technologies are transforming the infrastructure of the drilling industry. Drilling systems automation uses this infrastructure to deliver safety and performance, and address cost.
The document summarizes lessons learned from a multi-year DCS migration project at the Total Port Arthur Refinery. It discusses the background of the refinery and reasons for the DCS migration. It also covers key aspects of managing the project such as developing the scope, selling the program to management, project staffing, and handling unexpected issues discovered during implementation.
Zero downtime upgrate for dcs migration Thermo SystemsBrian Thomas
Review and discuss DCS replacement in a 24/7 Critical District Energy Facility. Pepco Energy Services (customer) partnered with Thermo Systems, a Rockwell Automation Solution Partner, to design, build, deploy and commission a turnkey replacement of its aging DCS system serving the district energy system in Midtown Atlantic City. The successful migration included zero customer downtime, ease of service, increased operational efficiency, billing accuracy, and expansion possibilities moving forward.
This presentation was delivered by Bell Energy as part of training program in 2013. It provides the reader, basic to intermediate level of information on the use of Bowties for managing Hazards & Effects. Bowties can be used by any industry whether they are Oil & Gas, Finance, Banks, Aviation, Power, Nuclear, Construction, Infrastructure. To know more about bowties, please visit www.bell-energy.com or contact us on uaeoffice@bell-energy.net
Chris Robertson has over 8 years of experience in subsea engineering. He is currently a SURF Engineer at Cronus Technologies where he manages subsea integrity and intervention operations for Freeport McMoRan's Gulf of Mexico facilities. Previously, he was a Subsea Controls Engineer at Wood Group Kenny where he led multiple subsea development projects in the Gulf of Mexico for Anadarko Petroleum, including serving as the controls lead for the seven well Lucius field. Robertson has extensive experience in subsea controls testing, installation, and commissioning. He is proficient in several subsea operations and holds certifications in offshore safety.
U.S. Department of Energy 2015 Quadrennial Technology ReviewKeith D. Patch
The document provides an overview and summary of the Quadrennial Technology Review conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy in 2015. It discusses the goals and process of the technology review. Key areas examined include modernizing the electric grid, developing clean electric power technologies like carbon capture and storage, advancing renewable energy, improving building and vehicle efficiencies, producing clean fuels, and enabling advanced manufacturing. The review aims to provide analysis and recommendations to guide energy technology research and development.
CRTEN by Prof. AmenAllah Guizani - Maghrenov workshop on research infrastruct...Maghrenov
The document summarizes the infrastructure needs for renewable energy implementation at the Center of Research and Energy Technologies (CRTEn) in Tunisia. CRTEn has three laboratories - thermal processes, photovoltaic, and wind energy - conducting research on solar, wind, biomass, and other renewable technologies. The laboratories need equipment to test materials, components, and systems for various renewable applications including solar collectors, photovoltaic cells, and small wind turbines. Additional needs include facilities for testing the durability of collectors and reliability of components. Meteorological data collection and an expanded test area would also help research and development efforts.
This presentation gives an overview of Lloyd’s Register’s services regarding wind farm operations. In particular Lloyd's Register has worked hard to develop the service for risk-based optimisation of maintenance strategies.
If you operate, own, finance or insure one or more wind farms, Lloyd's Register can add value to your O&M planning by monitoring, learning, retaining and optimising the O&M tasks to minimise downtime, spares count, unscheduled maintenance, unnecessary site visits and to ensure, through informed planning, maintenance technicians arrive at site with correct parts, correct tools, correct training and expertise to keep the wind turbines running throughout their design life for the least possible cost.
This webinar covered modeling and studies of inverter-based resources on the bulk power system. It discussed NERC's Inverter-Based Resource Performance Task Force activities, including industry efforts to update dynamic models of solar and battery resources. Modeling studies by CAISO and SCE identified potential instability issues under high solar penetration scenarios if resources employ momentary cessation. Proposed changes to momentary cessation settings were shown to maintain stability based on updated dynamic models and NERC Alert data. Future efforts discussed developing more accurate generic inverter-based resource models and validating their behavior under low short circuit conditions.
Slides from a presentation by Bill Hoff, Director, Engineering Group, Gulf Interstate Engineering Company and Edward J. Wiegele, President, Professional Services, Willbros Engineers (U.S.), LLC at the 2012 International Pipeline & Offshore Contractors Association Convention in Istanbul.
For many countries, nuclear power remains an
important option for improving energy security and
reducing the impact of volatile fossil-fuel prices. As
a stable, base-load source of electricity in an era of
ever-increasing global energy demand, nuclear power
complements other energy sources—including renewables.
And because nuclear power, together with hydropower
and wind energy, has the lowest life cycle greenhouse
gas emissions among all power generation sources, it is
crucially linked to mitigating the effects of climate change.
A clear correlation links energy poverty and real
poverty. Energy is the engine of development. In his
vision for Sustainable Energy for All, UN Secretary
General Ban Ki-moon says that “all energy sources and
technologies have roles to play in achieving universal
access in an economically, socially and environmentally
sustainable fashion.” Simply put, to provide energy
access to everyone, all forms of energy are needed.
More information : http://www.sfen.org/
Interim Guidance for Adopting Fuel Cell Technology into the Navy Fleetchrisrobschu
Purpose: Disseminate Proposed SG270 Fuel Cell Interim Guidance
Hazard Assessment Process
Provide updates since guidance was published ~FY13
Goal: Solicit feedback from Stakeholders
Comments, Questions
Possible revisions to process
Develop approval process so early designs can be influenced to increase chance of approval
Sg270 fc brief_17_nov2016_01b_public_release
The document discusses hazard identification techniques used in process facilities, including:
- Preliminary Hazard Analysis which identifies hazards from raw materials, equipment, facilities, and other factors in early design stages.
- HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study) which is a systematic technique applied to small parts of a design to identify deviations from design intent, their causes and consequences, and recommendations.
- Guidelines for applying techniques like HAZOP include considering parameters like flow, pressure, temperature, and using guidewords to identify potential deviations from design intent.
SINTEF Energy Research presented work on modeling transient fluid dynamics of CO2 mixtures in pipelines. The work package aims to assess the influence of impurities in CO2 during pipeline transport. Challenges include modeling depressurization events and predicting minimum temperatures. A benchmark study will compare models like OLGA and an in-house code using cases with different pipe geometries and CO2 compositions based on coal power and natural gas processing. Experimental validation may come from CIUDEN's CO2 transport rig. Accurately modeling transients helps qualify pipe materials and sizes while informing dispersion models.
This document discusses leak detection and repair for liquids and gases. It provides details on the types of equipment that can leak at facilities like refineries and chemical plants. It describes methods for identifying leaks using infrared cameras and measuring their size. The document also discusses implementing a leak detection and repair program to reduce pollution and costs from lost product. Regulated industries must inspect components like valves, pumps and compressors on a regular basis.
The paper provides an illustration of how some control measures are identified as “critical control measures” and how examples of identifying “critical events” related to “critical control measures” from incidents, monitoring programs and annual reviews of performance measures lead to continuous improvement of safety and a high degree of assurance that Major Hazard Incidents can be prevented.
This document discusses condition monitoring of transformers using predictive maintenance technologies. It begins with an outline of the presentation topics, which include various predictive maintenance technologies for transformers like visual inspection, oil testing, infrared thermography, acoustic testing, and dissolved gas analysis. The document then discusses specific technologies in more detail, such as oil sampling and testing procedures, infrared imaging case studies that identified faults, and the steps for dissolved gas analysis from sampling to reporting. The goal of condition monitoring is to reliably maintain equipment and reduce breakdowns.
This document proposes a hydropowered mining system for a mine. It includes an overview of the proposed system layout with a central pump station, working areas, and equipment. It discusses implementation through phased rollout and training. It also covers maintenance and operation costs for hydropower pumps, rock drills, and other equipment. Benefits mentioned include increased energy efficiency, productivity, cost reduction, and health and safety. Water quality standards, usage, and recirculation are outlined. Risks around high pressure water, moving parts, and water management are assessed. The use of simple rigs for drilling is said to improve safety and reduce risks. Novatek is proposed as the supplier due to their experience and ability to engineer
Technical Assumptions Used in PV Financial Models: Review of Current Practice...Leonardo ENERGY
Photovoltaic (PV) financial models are used by project developers, banks and asset managers to evaluate the profitability of a PV project. This work presents an overview of current practices for financial modelling of PV investments and reviews them in view of technical and financial risks during the different phases of a PV project. This webinar presents the results from the International Energy Agency (IEA) Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) Task 13 Subtask 1. The webinar focuses on establishing common practices for translating the technical parameters of performance and reliability into financial terms. The presentations give a comprehensive set of practical guidelines and recommendations for mitigating and hedging financial risks in a PV investment. The report Technical Assumptions Used in PV Financial Models – Review of Current Practices and Recommendations can be downloaded here: http://www.iea-pvps.org/index.php?id=426
Qualitrol has tons of products to help you properly monitor your Vault Transformers. Dissolved Gas Analyzers, Intelligent Monitors, and Temperature Gauges are some of the ways to maintain your assets.
You can learn more about Vault Monitoring with Qualitrol by clicking this link, https://www.qualitrolcorp.com/assets/vault-transformers/
Emerging Hazards: Renewables and Microgrids, U.S. Department of Energy, Energ...AEI / Affiliated Engineers
AEI / Affiliated Engineers presents the Energy Systems Integration Facility, a 182,500 square foot building that provides laboratory and research space for 200 scientists and staff working on promising clean energy technologies and testing their interaction with each other and the grid. Specific areas of research include:
• Smart grids, power electronics.
• Solar: interconnection, parabolic solar concentrators, building integration, and system optimization.
• Buildings: sensors and controls, systems integration, modeling, and Zero Energy Building simulation.
• Hydrogen: electrical interfaces, electrolyzers, storage, quality standards, fueling systems, fuel cell integration.
• Wind: models, generation, and grid interaction, electrical grid analysis.
• Vehicles: grid connected plug-in and vehicle-to-grid electrical integration, battery thermal management, and power electronics.
• Biofuels: generator sets and engines.
• Energy storage: electrical, mechanical, and thermal.
• Microturbines.
AEI’s work included the design of:
• Research Electrical Distribution Bus (REDB): A first-of-its-kind, the REBD is a power integration circuit made up of two AC and two DC ring buses that interconnects testing components across the building’s 15 laboratories. Researchers can test new energy technologies on real and simulated power systems.
• Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) System: Integrated throughout the facility, the SCADA monitors and controls the REDB operations and gathers real-time, high-resolution data for collaboration and visualization. The SCADA also monitors SIL-2 (Safety Integrity Level) rated laboratory PLCs providing emergency stop functionality, gas detection, alarming (horns and lights), and other required safety measures. These systems are all interconnected with the fire alarm, building automation system, and local lab equipment to provide a seamless facility response across systems to various conditions.
05 - IEC 61400-15 Update, Jason Fields (NREL).pptxZaidMasoodKhan
- The document summarizes updates from the IEC 61400-15 WG regarding the assessment of wind resource, energy yield, and site suitability input conditions for wind power plants.
- The goals of IEC 61400-15 include defining standards for reporting site assessment results and defining an IEC uncertainty model. It aims to provide best practices for measurement, data analysis, wind resource modeling, and energy yield modeling.
- The current status is that frameworks for defining loss factors and uncertainty categories have been developed and the full document is being aggregated for the committee draft.
This document describes an interactive "Kiosk Mode" for visualizing and analyzing solar PV power and weather data collected from sites around the world. It collects nearly 1TB of data from various solar farms and analyzes the data using R. Examples of analyses include wind gust analysis of a rooftop site and monthly power production trends. The document outlines the architecture of the Kiosk Mode, which allows users to select, plot, and download data. Future work is aimed at hosting it online and improving data ingestion and the user interface.
The document discusses the design of magnetic sail (magsail) systems for spacecraft propulsion. It describes a proposed demonstrator magsail with a 200m radius and 25.7kg mass, and an operational magsail with 20,000m radius and 7,060 metric tonne mass. The operational design could accelerate at 0.003185 m/s^2 and deliver over 100,000kg payloads to Mars or Saturn. Future advances in superconductors could enable magsails to deliver payloads of over 400,000kg to Jupiter and millions of kilograms to the outer planets.
I. X-ray astronomy will play an increasingly important role in studies of the early universe and large scale structure, but these studies are ultimately limited by sparse photon numbers. There is a need to develop progressively larger collecting area telescopes under increasingly severe mass constraints.
II. The challenge is greater in the X-ray band than optical, as X-ray telescopes reflect X-rays twice, requiring reflectors two orders of magnitude larger than the effective aperture. Large mass is currently problematic for Constellation-X mission.
III. Looking beyond Constellation, a radically different approach is needed based on super lightweight reflectors and perhaps in situ assembly of the telescope. This could enable an ultra high throughput X-
U.S. Department of Energy 2015 Quadrennial Technology ReviewKeith D. Patch
The document provides an overview and summary of the Quadrennial Technology Review conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy in 2015. It discusses the goals and process of the technology review. Key areas examined include modernizing the electric grid, developing clean electric power technologies like carbon capture and storage, advancing renewable energy, improving building and vehicle efficiencies, producing clean fuels, and enabling advanced manufacturing. The review aims to provide analysis and recommendations to guide energy technology research and development.
CRTEN by Prof. AmenAllah Guizani - Maghrenov workshop on research infrastruct...Maghrenov
The document summarizes the infrastructure needs for renewable energy implementation at the Center of Research and Energy Technologies (CRTEn) in Tunisia. CRTEn has three laboratories - thermal processes, photovoltaic, and wind energy - conducting research on solar, wind, biomass, and other renewable technologies. The laboratories need equipment to test materials, components, and systems for various renewable applications including solar collectors, photovoltaic cells, and small wind turbines. Additional needs include facilities for testing the durability of collectors and reliability of components. Meteorological data collection and an expanded test area would also help research and development efforts.
This presentation gives an overview of Lloyd’s Register’s services regarding wind farm operations. In particular Lloyd's Register has worked hard to develop the service for risk-based optimisation of maintenance strategies.
If you operate, own, finance or insure one or more wind farms, Lloyd's Register can add value to your O&M planning by monitoring, learning, retaining and optimising the O&M tasks to minimise downtime, spares count, unscheduled maintenance, unnecessary site visits and to ensure, through informed planning, maintenance technicians arrive at site with correct parts, correct tools, correct training and expertise to keep the wind turbines running throughout their design life for the least possible cost.
This webinar covered modeling and studies of inverter-based resources on the bulk power system. It discussed NERC's Inverter-Based Resource Performance Task Force activities, including industry efforts to update dynamic models of solar and battery resources. Modeling studies by CAISO and SCE identified potential instability issues under high solar penetration scenarios if resources employ momentary cessation. Proposed changes to momentary cessation settings were shown to maintain stability based on updated dynamic models and NERC Alert data. Future efforts discussed developing more accurate generic inverter-based resource models and validating their behavior under low short circuit conditions.
Slides from a presentation by Bill Hoff, Director, Engineering Group, Gulf Interstate Engineering Company and Edward J. Wiegele, President, Professional Services, Willbros Engineers (U.S.), LLC at the 2012 International Pipeline & Offshore Contractors Association Convention in Istanbul.
For many countries, nuclear power remains an
important option for improving energy security and
reducing the impact of volatile fossil-fuel prices. As
a stable, base-load source of electricity in an era of
ever-increasing global energy demand, nuclear power
complements other energy sources—including renewables.
And because nuclear power, together with hydropower
and wind energy, has the lowest life cycle greenhouse
gas emissions among all power generation sources, it is
crucially linked to mitigating the effects of climate change.
A clear correlation links energy poverty and real
poverty. Energy is the engine of development. In his
vision for Sustainable Energy for All, UN Secretary
General Ban Ki-moon says that “all energy sources and
technologies have roles to play in achieving universal
access in an economically, socially and environmentally
sustainable fashion.” Simply put, to provide energy
access to everyone, all forms of energy are needed.
More information : http://www.sfen.org/
Interim Guidance for Adopting Fuel Cell Technology into the Navy Fleetchrisrobschu
Purpose: Disseminate Proposed SG270 Fuel Cell Interim Guidance
Hazard Assessment Process
Provide updates since guidance was published ~FY13
Goal: Solicit feedback from Stakeholders
Comments, Questions
Possible revisions to process
Develop approval process so early designs can be influenced to increase chance of approval
Sg270 fc brief_17_nov2016_01b_public_release
The document discusses hazard identification techniques used in process facilities, including:
- Preliminary Hazard Analysis which identifies hazards from raw materials, equipment, facilities, and other factors in early design stages.
- HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study) which is a systematic technique applied to small parts of a design to identify deviations from design intent, their causes and consequences, and recommendations.
- Guidelines for applying techniques like HAZOP include considering parameters like flow, pressure, temperature, and using guidewords to identify potential deviations from design intent.
SINTEF Energy Research presented work on modeling transient fluid dynamics of CO2 mixtures in pipelines. The work package aims to assess the influence of impurities in CO2 during pipeline transport. Challenges include modeling depressurization events and predicting minimum temperatures. A benchmark study will compare models like OLGA and an in-house code using cases with different pipe geometries and CO2 compositions based on coal power and natural gas processing. Experimental validation may come from CIUDEN's CO2 transport rig. Accurately modeling transients helps qualify pipe materials and sizes while informing dispersion models.
This document discusses leak detection and repair for liquids and gases. It provides details on the types of equipment that can leak at facilities like refineries and chemical plants. It describes methods for identifying leaks using infrared cameras and measuring their size. The document also discusses implementing a leak detection and repair program to reduce pollution and costs from lost product. Regulated industries must inspect components like valves, pumps and compressors on a regular basis.
The paper provides an illustration of how some control measures are identified as “critical control measures” and how examples of identifying “critical events” related to “critical control measures” from incidents, monitoring programs and annual reviews of performance measures lead to continuous improvement of safety and a high degree of assurance that Major Hazard Incidents can be prevented.
This document discusses condition monitoring of transformers using predictive maintenance technologies. It begins with an outline of the presentation topics, which include various predictive maintenance technologies for transformers like visual inspection, oil testing, infrared thermography, acoustic testing, and dissolved gas analysis. The document then discusses specific technologies in more detail, such as oil sampling and testing procedures, infrared imaging case studies that identified faults, and the steps for dissolved gas analysis from sampling to reporting. The goal of condition monitoring is to reliably maintain equipment and reduce breakdowns.
This document proposes a hydropowered mining system for a mine. It includes an overview of the proposed system layout with a central pump station, working areas, and equipment. It discusses implementation through phased rollout and training. It also covers maintenance and operation costs for hydropower pumps, rock drills, and other equipment. Benefits mentioned include increased energy efficiency, productivity, cost reduction, and health and safety. Water quality standards, usage, and recirculation are outlined. Risks around high pressure water, moving parts, and water management are assessed. The use of simple rigs for drilling is said to improve safety and reduce risks. Novatek is proposed as the supplier due to their experience and ability to engineer
Technical Assumptions Used in PV Financial Models: Review of Current Practice...Leonardo ENERGY
Photovoltaic (PV) financial models are used by project developers, banks and asset managers to evaluate the profitability of a PV project. This work presents an overview of current practices for financial modelling of PV investments and reviews them in view of technical and financial risks during the different phases of a PV project. This webinar presents the results from the International Energy Agency (IEA) Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) Task 13 Subtask 1. The webinar focuses on establishing common practices for translating the technical parameters of performance and reliability into financial terms. The presentations give a comprehensive set of practical guidelines and recommendations for mitigating and hedging financial risks in a PV investment. The report Technical Assumptions Used in PV Financial Models – Review of Current Practices and Recommendations can be downloaded here: http://www.iea-pvps.org/index.php?id=426
Qualitrol has tons of products to help you properly monitor your Vault Transformers. Dissolved Gas Analyzers, Intelligent Monitors, and Temperature Gauges are some of the ways to maintain your assets.
You can learn more about Vault Monitoring with Qualitrol by clicking this link, https://www.qualitrolcorp.com/assets/vault-transformers/
Emerging Hazards: Renewables and Microgrids, U.S. Department of Energy, Energ...AEI / Affiliated Engineers
AEI / Affiliated Engineers presents the Energy Systems Integration Facility, a 182,500 square foot building that provides laboratory and research space for 200 scientists and staff working on promising clean energy technologies and testing their interaction with each other and the grid. Specific areas of research include:
• Smart grids, power electronics.
• Solar: interconnection, parabolic solar concentrators, building integration, and system optimization.
• Buildings: sensors and controls, systems integration, modeling, and Zero Energy Building simulation.
• Hydrogen: electrical interfaces, electrolyzers, storage, quality standards, fueling systems, fuel cell integration.
• Wind: models, generation, and grid interaction, electrical grid analysis.
• Vehicles: grid connected plug-in and vehicle-to-grid electrical integration, battery thermal management, and power electronics.
• Biofuels: generator sets and engines.
• Energy storage: electrical, mechanical, and thermal.
• Microturbines.
AEI’s work included the design of:
• Research Electrical Distribution Bus (REDB): A first-of-its-kind, the REBD is a power integration circuit made up of two AC and two DC ring buses that interconnects testing components across the building’s 15 laboratories. Researchers can test new energy technologies on real and simulated power systems.
• Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) System: Integrated throughout the facility, the SCADA monitors and controls the REDB operations and gathers real-time, high-resolution data for collaboration and visualization. The SCADA also monitors SIL-2 (Safety Integrity Level) rated laboratory PLCs providing emergency stop functionality, gas detection, alarming (horns and lights), and other required safety measures. These systems are all interconnected with the fire alarm, building automation system, and local lab equipment to provide a seamless facility response across systems to various conditions.
05 - IEC 61400-15 Update, Jason Fields (NREL).pptxZaidMasoodKhan
- The document summarizes updates from the IEC 61400-15 WG regarding the assessment of wind resource, energy yield, and site suitability input conditions for wind power plants.
- The goals of IEC 61400-15 include defining standards for reporting site assessment results and defining an IEC uncertainty model. It aims to provide best practices for measurement, data analysis, wind resource modeling, and energy yield modeling.
- The current status is that frameworks for defining loss factors and uncertainty categories have been developed and the full document is being aggregated for the committee draft.
This document describes an interactive "Kiosk Mode" for visualizing and analyzing solar PV power and weather data collected from sites around the world. It collects nearly 1TB of data from various solar farms and analyzes the data using R. Examples of analyses include wind gust analysis of a rooftop site and monthly power production trends. The document outlines the architecture of the Kiosk Mode, which allows users to select, plot, and download data. Future work is aimed at hosting it online and improving data ingestion and the user interface.
The document discusses the design of magnetic sail (magsail) systems for spacecraft propulsion. It describes a proposed demonstrator magsail with a 200m radius and 25.7kg mass, and an operational magsail with 20,000m radius and 7,060 metric tonne mass. The operational design could accelerate at 0.003185 m/s^2 and deliver over 100,000kg payloads to Mars or Saturn. Future advances in superconductors could enable magsails to deliver payloads of over 400,000kg to Jupiter and millions of kilograms to the outer planets.
I. X-ray astronomy will play an increasingly important role in studies of the early universe and large scale structure, but these studies are ultimately limited by sparse photon numbers. There is a need to develop progressively larger collecting area telescopes under increasingly severe mass constraints.
II. The challenge is greater in the X-ray band than optical, as X-ray telescopes reflect X-rays twice, requiring reflectors two orders of magnitude larger than the effective aperture. Large mass is currently problematic for Constellation-X mission.
III. Looking beyond Constellation, a radically different approach is needed based on super lightweight reflectors and perhaps in situ assembly of the telescope. This could enable an ultra high throughput X-
This document discusses the concept of an X-ray interferometer called MAXIM that could achieve micro-arcsecond resolution. It would consist of an optics spacecraft holding multiple flat mirrors in formation with a detector spacecraft to form interference patterns. The goal is to image phenomena like black hole accretion disks and supernovae with much higher resolution than current telescopes. A pathfinder mission is proposed with 100 microarcsecond resolution using two spacecraft separated by 1.4 meters as a technology demonstration.
USAF intercepted a report of a Cuban pilot's encounter with a UFO. In the 1970s, reliable military personnel sighted unidentified aerial objects near nuclear weapons facilities. Though the Air Force said these were isolated incidents, an Air Force document revealed they implemented increased security measures. Newly declassified documents from the CIA, FBI and other agencies indicate unidentified flying objects exist and some pose a threat to national security by demonstrating technologies beyond present human capability. However, the government has misled the public about the true nature and implications of the UFO phenomenon.
This document summarizes the agenda for the NIAC Phase I Fellows Meeting held on October 23-24, 2002. It provides an overview of the presentations and speakers, including status reports on various advanced aerospace concepts from NIAC fellows, as well as keynote speeches from experts in the fields of aerial robotics and the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
The document discusses the possibility of controlling global weather through small, precise perturbations to the atmosphere. It describes how the chaotic nature of the atmosphere implies sensitivity to small changes and suggests a series of small perturbations may control weather evolution. It outlines components a global weather control system may have, including advanced numerical weather prediction, satellite sensing, and methods to introduce perturbations. It also presents an experiment using data assimilation to calculate perturbations needed to slightly alter a hurricane's track as a proof of concept.
The document discusses observations of various amphibian and reptile species' behavior in microgravity during a flight experiment. It was found that none of the animals vomited, possibly because they did not eat before the flight or because amphibians and reptiles have a weaker vomiting response than mammals. Different species reacted variably based on their ecology and phylogeny. Flexible limbed lizards tended to roll more, while geckos commonly displayed a "skydiving posture" related to their arboreal ancestry. Overall reactions to microgravity varied significantly between species based on both ecology and evolutionary history.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise has also been shown to boost self-esteem and can serve as a healthy way to manage stress.
This document describes an operational analysis conducted as part of the Air Force 2025 study to identify
high-value future air and space system concepts and their enabling technologies. A value model called
Foundations 2025 was developed to quantify and compare different system concepts. Various futuristic
systems and technologies were identified, described, and scored using the model. The analysis determined
the most valuable system concepts and technologies that could enhance future air and space capabilities.
This document discusses a research paper presented to Air Force 2025 that argues the US Air Force should transition from being an atmospheric force to an infospheric force focused on controlling information and the battlespace. It proposes three new missions for the Air Force in the 21st century: extended information dominance to empower allies, global transparency to deter potential adversaries, and strategic defense. The paper advocates for the Air Force to develop a "metasystem" to integrate information and capabilities from all services and envisions the Air Force guiding the development and maintenance of this system.
This document summarizes potential paths to the extinction of the US Air Force by 2025. Externally, extinction could occur through the ascendancy of other military services, economic constraints, changes in strategic environment/policy, technological changes, or the rise of jointness. Internally, extinction could result from losing its vision/mission, mismanaging people/programs, choosing wrong future paths, being too effective at strategic war, or failing to adapt. The document argues the USAF risks becoming extinct unless it reverses trends threatening its viability and ability to evolve appropriately on external and internal challenges.
This document presents a research paper on Planetary Defense, which proposes establishing a system to protect Earth from catastrophic impacts by asteroids and comets. It discusses the threat posed by near-Earth objects, the social, economic and political implications of impacts, and recommends developing a three-tiered Planetary Defense System. The system would include detection subsystems to find threats, command and control systems, and mitigation subsystems to deflect objects, including kinetic impactors, mass drivers, solar sails and nuclear devices. It argues such a system could help ensure humanity's survival and have dual-use benefits from related technologies.
This document presents a research paper on space operations and a potential future system called the Global Area Strike System (GASS). It discusses issues around space operations in 2025, including manned vs unmanned systems and military vs cooperative operations. It then outlines the required capabilities for GASS, including timeliness, responsiveness, flexibility, and precision. It proposes an integrated system-of-systems for GASS using various weapon platforms and classes, including directed energy weapons, projectile weapons, and a transatmospheric vehicle. It concludes with concept of operations and recommendations.
This document provides a historical overview of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and their use by various militaries. It discusses early UAV development in the 1950s-1960s for reconnaissance and weapons delivery missions. During the Vietnam War, UAVs conducted thousands of reconnaissance missions with a high recovery rate. Experimental armed UAVs were also tested. Later, UAVs were used effectively by Israel in the 1970s-1980s and by the US during the Gulf War for reconnaissance. Following the Gulf War, the US began developing longer endurance UAVs like the Predator and Global Hawk to address reconnaissance needs. The document suggests expanding UAVs' role beyond reconnaissance to include lethal strike missions.
This document proposes an integrated hypersonic weapons platform called the S3 concept to fulfill three broad missions for US air and space forces in 2025: deliver decisive early blows, provide cost-effective in-theater dominance, and maintain access to space. The S3 concept involves three vehicles: the SHAAFT hypersonic attack aircraft, the SHMAC standoff hypersonic missile, and the SCREMAR reusable spaceplane. The SHAAFT would use a zero-stage flying wing to stage to Mach 3.5 and then cruise at Mach 12, able to launch the SHMAC missile or SCREMAR spaceplane. Together these vehicles aim to provide global reach, in-theater dominance, and access to space with
This document summarizes a research paper presented to Air Force 2025 that outlines special operations forces capabilities needed to conduct precision operations against weapons of mass destruction, high-value targets, and assets in the hypothetical world of 2025. The paper identifies communications, mobility, and destruction/neutralization as the top three enabling capabilities required for these missions. It then proposes various futuristic technologies that could fulfill requirements for these capabilities by 2025, such as stealth airlifters, extraction rockets, and targeting systems, to allow special operations forces to accomplish their missions with zero tolerance for error.
This document proposes a concept for Special Operations Regional Engagement (SORE) forces in 2025. The core capability of SORE forces would be engaging in less developed, first- and second-wave nations while not disrupting their evolution. SORE forces would exploit third-wave technology to operate effectively in these environments without introducing advanced technology prematurely. The proposed concept of operations involves SORE forces conducting defensive and offensive operations like training, advising, and assisting host nations. To enable these operations, the document outlines key tasks for SORE forces including recruitment, training, observation, communication, decision-making, countermeasures, and sustainment. It argues that SORE forces will need systems and technologies to complete these tasks while
This document proposes concepts and technologies for counterspace operations in 2025, including space detection, anti-satellite weapons, space interdiction nets, miniaturized satellites, satellite cloaking, kinetic and directed energy weapons. It outlines offensive and defensive counterspace architectures and recommends further analysis of miniaturization, stealth, detection and targeting concepts as well as kinetic and directed energy weapons. The goal is to maintain US space superiority as space becomes increasingly vital to national security and more countries and commercial entities access space.
1. Development of a Single-Fluid Consumable
Infrastructure for Life Support, Power,
Propulsion, and Thermal Control
HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
NIAC Phase I Fellows Meeting
HyPerPLSS:
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Dr. David Akin
Craig Lewandowski
Dr. Carol Smidts
Jinny McGill
2. – Dr. David Akin
• Chemistry, Thermodynamics, and Components
HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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Presentation Outline
• Background and Concept Overview
– Craig Lewandowski
• Reliability and Risk Analysis
– Dr. Carol Smidts
– Jinny McGill
• System Applications
– Dr. David Akin
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3. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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EVA Life Support Background
• Portable life support
system (PLSS) required
for unrestricted
extravehicular operations
(EVA)
• Supplies oxygen, power,
cooling
• ~120 lbs (Earth) weight on
back
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4. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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Apollo PLSS Internal Layout
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5. Genesis of the Concept
• Current PLSS recharge requires battery
replacement, water refill, high pressure oxygen
recharge, contamination control cartridge
replacement - each with external support
requirements
• Observe that 2 H2O2 → 2 H2O + O2 + heat
• Hydrogen peroxide (room temperature liquid)
might be able to supply all requirements for life
support → Hydrogen Peroxide PLSS →
“HyPerPLSS”
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6. – 0.6 kg O2
– 5 kg of H2O
– 800 W·hr of electrical
energy
• 88.5% => minimum mass (chemistry only)
• Increased to 95% to generate enthalpy needed
by power system (thermodynamics added)
• Required H2O2 mass = 10.9 kg
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H2O2 Requirements
• Assumed requirements
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7. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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System Schematic
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8. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
– Band heater
– Temperature sensor
• Flow adjusted with varying demand
requirements
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Component Description
• 2.10 gallon tank
• Protection against freezing
– Pump
– Throttle valve
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9. H2O2 Catalyst Bed
• Significant knowledge base exists for H2O2
– Silver screens
– L = 3.3 in, D = 0.75 in
• Ensure H2O2 decomposition by
increasing residence time H2O2 Gas Generator
HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
propulsion
• SOA: Silver-based catalyst beds
• General Kinetics Inc. COTS product
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(www.gkllc.com)
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10. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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Power System
• Convert thermal energy to
electricity
• Stirling engine
– Sunpower ASC COTS system
• 80 W, 36% efficiency
– H2O to generate temperature
gradient
• Battery provides and stores
excess energy
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Sunpower ASC
(Wong et.al)
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11. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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Sublimator and Supply Loops
• Sublimator overview
– Phase changes
– Heat removal
• HyPerPLSS fluids
– H2O phase change
– Cooled streams
• Water separator
• Conventional supply
loops
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12. Reliability and Risk Analysis Motivation
• Inform design decisions with considerations of
reliability and risk
– Increase reliability of system
– Decrease risk of design
• Consider hazards to equipment and crew health
– Hydrogen peroxide can cause spontaneous combustion with
organic materials and is incompatible with many metals (e.g.,
iron, copper, brass, silver, zinc).
– Corrosive to skin, membranes, and eyes at high
concentrations.
– Vapors from concentrated solutions of hydrogen peroxide
can result in significant morbidity.
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13. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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Parallel Process
• Conceptual design
• Reliability analyses
– Failure Modes and
Effects Analysis
– Fault Tree Analysis
• Parallel process with
feedback between
design and analyses
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Reliability and
Design Risk Analyses
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14. Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
• Technique for reliability analysis
• Describes failure causes and effect on system
• Results are used to consider design changes
that may be necessary to reduce unreliability
and risk
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15. Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
• Failure Modes
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– Manner of the failure
– Tumer et al. (5) provides an
updated failure mode
taxonomy
• Severity
– Qualitative rating assigned
for the worst possible effect
– MIL-STD-1629A severity
levels were modified to
differentiate between Loss of
Crew and Loss of Mission
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16. • The top level event is the undesirable event (e.g., system
failure)
• Lowest level events are basic events (e.g., component failure)
• Boolean logic gates are used to communicate event effects on
the system
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Fault Tree Construction
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17. Fault Tree Analysis
• The Boolean expression for the fault tree is
written, then expanded
• This expression is simplified (i.e., Boolean
reduction) to achieve the simplest logical
expression from which the minimum cut sets can
be obtained
• Birnbaum importance measure represents the
change in system risk with respect to changes in
basic event probabilities
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18. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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Event Tree
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19. Quantification
• Fault tree analysis gives qualitative results in the form
of cut sets; quantitative results can also be obtained
• Probabilities (or frequencies) of basic events are used
to compute probability of top level events
• Failure probabilities (or frequencies) can be obtained in
several ways:
– Databases of component failure frequencies
– Expert elicitation
– Human Reliability Analysis Models (e.g., THERP)
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20. Scope of Analyses
• Operation phases/modes for HyperPLSS include and are
not limited to:
– Storage for launch
– Maintenance
– Power operation
• Analyses thus far have focused primarily on the power
operating mode during EVA
• Direct functional dependencies are considered in the
FTA; common cause failures have not been considered
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21. Scope of Analyses
• Several system aspects are not yet modeled in detail
• Failure is assumed rather than degraded states
• Qualitative analyses only thus far (no probabilities or
frequencies have been applied yet)
• Risk analysis has been limited to a review of the hazards
of hydrogen peroxide to health
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– Electrical system
– Piping system
– Stirling engine
– Packaging structures and insulation
– Software (control system)
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22. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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FMEA Example
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23. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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Fault Tree Example
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24. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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Fault Tree: Cut Sets
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25. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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Fault Tree Example
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26. Comments about the Process
• For systems where reliability and risk are of concern,
these analyses should be performed in parallel with
design
• Such a parallel process requires that a structured
approach be taken; configuration control can become an
issue during conceptual design phase
• Feedback early during the FMEA and FTA has resulted
in several HyperPLSS design changes (e.g., addition of a
filter downstream from catalyst bed)
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27. Reliability Conclusions and Future Work
• Consideration of other operating modes (e.g.,
storage, maintenance)
• Identify and gain access to sources of failure
probabilities (frequencies) for quantitative
analyses
• Bayesian framework will be devised to combine
sources of relevant data
• Safety (risk) analysis; scenario development and
event tree construction
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28. • Produces 30% Concentration
• Increase to 90% with vacuum distillation
• Electrolysis-based production also feasible
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In-Situ Production of H2O2
• Anthraquinone Process
– Requires H2 and O2
– Transport H2 from Earth
– Moon: O2 from regolith
– Mars: O2 from atmosphere
• CO2 + 4H2 → CH4 + 2H2O
• 2H2O → 2H2 + O2
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H2O2 Manufacturing Process
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29. Synergistic Growth Opportunities
• In-backpack regeneration of metal oxide CO2
scrubbers using waste heat
• Use of surplus products for in-space propulsion
– H2O2 single-supply for PLSS
– H2O2 energy source for small rovers
– H2O2 + fuel for large/long-range rovers
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– Oxygen cold gas
– H2O2 monopropellant thrusters
• The “hydrogen peroxide economy”
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30. Plans for Phase 2
• Refine thermodynamic modeling
• Extend and enhance reliability and safety
– Prototyping of H2O2 feed system/catalytic reactor
– Prototyping of multipass sublimator
– Development of human respiratory/metabolic
simulator
• Phase 2 milestone - full HyPerPLSS breadboard
operating in thermal vacuum chamber
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analysis
• Extensive experimentation
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31. HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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Phase II Test Bed
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32. Research Status
• We have demonstrated that the HyPerPLSS
concept is technically feasible (TRL 1)
• Remaining Phase 1 goals are to
– refine end-to-end thermodynamic cycle analysis
– complete FMEA and PRA
– detail requirements for in-situ H2O2 production
– develop non-sublimation cooling concept for Mars
– conceptualize EVA packaging and operations approach
• Phase 2 will experimentally demonstrate PLSS
operations in space environment (TRL 3-4)
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33. Conclusions
• The “hydrogen peroxide economy” offers unique
advantages for future space operations
– Single-point recharge for EVA (easy to do in field)
– EVA duration is unlimited by life support system
– Logistics simplified by single room-temperature liquid
– Shared consumables between EVA and robotic
systems
– Readily replaceable from in-situ resources
➡Successful development of the HyPerPLSS can
revolutionize human exploration of Moon/Mars
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34. • Reliability Engineering and Risk Analysis: A Practical Guide, M. Modarres, M., New York, N.Y., 1999.
• Risk Analysis in Engineering: Probabilistic Techniques, Tools and Trends, M. Modarres. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, Boca
• Collins, J. A., Failure of Materials in Mechanical Design, John Wiley & Sons, 1993.
• Fault Tree Handbook with Aerospace Applications, Prepared for NASA Office of Safety and Mission Assurance; August
• Requirements for a Failure Mode Taxonomy for Use in Conceptual Design; International Conference on Engineering Design
• An implementation of reliability analysis in the conceptual design phase of drive trains Avontuur, G.C.; van der Werff, K.
Reliability Engineering & System Safety, Aug. 2001, vol.73, no.2, pp. 155-65 : Elsevier, Journal Paper.
• Risk-informed design guidance for future reactor systems Delaney, M.J.; Apostolakis, G.E.; Driscoll, M.J. Nuclear
• A risk evaluation approach for safety in aerospace preliminary design Fragola, J.R.; Putney, B.F.; Mathias, D.L. Annual
Reliability and Maintainability Symposium. 2003 Proceedings, 2003, pp. 159-63, xviii+622 pp. USA, Piscataway, NJ..
• Practical solutions for multi-objective optimization: An application to system reliability design problems Coit, D.W., et al.
• Medical Management Guidelines for Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2), Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry,
Department of Health and Human Services; accessed on 25 January 2007, http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/MGMI/mmg174.html
• Wong, W. A., Anderson, D. J., Tuttle, K. L., and Tew, R. C. “Status of NASA’s Advanced Radioisotope Conversion Technology
• General Kinetics Product Catalog, General Kinetics Inc. http://www.gkllc.com, accessed 15 February 2007.
HyPerPLSS Phase I Report
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References
Raton, 2006.
2002.
ICED 03, August 19-21, 2003; Irem Y. Tumer et al.
Engineering and Design, June 2005, vol.235, no.14, pp. 1537-56.
Reliability Engineering & System Safety, March 2007, vol.92, no.3, pp. 314-22.
Research and Development,” NASA/TM, 2006.
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