This document discusses the key components and control surfaces of aircraft that enable controlled flight. It describes common structural elements like the empennage, fuselage, wings, landing gear, and power plant. It then explains how control surfaces like the elevator, rudder, ailerons, and flaps are used to control an aircraft's movement around its three axes of roll, pitch, and yaw. The document also discusses how variations in wing location, configuration, vertical stabilizers, power plants, landing gear, aircraft size, and instrument panels can affect an aircraft's performance and maneuverability.
Nomenclature and classification of controls in an airplane (slide # 3-4).
Which are the aerodynamic forces acting on airplane (slide # 5).
Working principle of an airplane (slide # 6).
How an airplane flies (basic motions of an airplane) (slide # 7).
How controls play their roles in these motions (slide # 8-22).
Simulate a flight in Cessna Skyhawk (slide # 23-28).
References and Questions & answers (slide # 30).
Nomenclature and classification of controls in an airplane (slide # 3-4).
Which are the aerodynamic forces acting on airplane (slide # 5).
Working principle of an airplane (slide # 6).
How an airplane flies (basic motions of an airplane) (slide # 7).
How controls play their roles in these motions (slide # 8-22).
Simulate a flight in Cessna Skyhawk (slide # 23-28).
References and Questions & answers (slide # 30).
A presentation that guides the student through the forces acting on an aircraft, and how to fly a circuit at a typical airfield. This includes aircraft instrumentation and radio use. THIS PRESENTATION IS FOR INTEREST AND SIMULATED FLIGHT ONLY, AS PROPER FLIGHT INSTRUCTION SHOULD BE TAKEN FOR ACTUAL FLIGHT
Airplane (fixed wing aircraft) configuration and various parts | Flight Mecha...Age of Aerospace
For Video Lecture of this presentation: https://youtu.be/uD_qWvTZEhY
The topics covered in this session are, Airplane (fixed wing aircraft) configurations and various parts of airplane. A detailed list of airplane configuration is discussed with general insight about airplane parts.
Attention! "Gate Aerospace Engineering aspirants", A virtual guide for gate aerospace engineering is provided in "Age of Aerospace" blog for helping you meticulously prepare for gate examination. Respective notes of individual subjects are provided as 'Embedded Google Docs' which are frequently updated. This comprehensive guide is intended to efficiently serve as an extensive collection of online resources for "GATE Aerospace Engineering" which can be accessed free of cost. Use the following link to access the study material
https://ageofaerospace.blogspot.com/p/gate-aerospace.html
Takeoff and Landing | Flight Mechanics | GATE AerospaceAge of Aerospace
For Video Lecture of this presentation: https://youtu.be/ieQYv7p-tnQ
The topics covered in this session are, takeoff performance (ground roll & airborne distance), landing performance (approach distance, flare distance & ground roll). The equations are completely derived from basics and physical significance of the concept is also discussed.
Attention! "Gate Aerospace Engineering aspirants", A virtual guide for gate aerospace engineering is provided in "Age of Aerospace" blog for helping you meticulously prepare for gate examination. Respective notes of individual subjects are provided as 'Embedded Google Docs' which are frequently updated. This comprehensive guide is intended to efficiently serve as an extensive collection of online resources for "GATE Aerospace Engineering" which can be accessed free of cost. Use the following link to access the study material
https://ageofaerospace.blogspot.com/p/gate-aerospace.html
A presentation that guides the student through the forces acting on an aircraft, and how to fly a circuit at a typical airfield. This includes aircraft instrumentation and radio use. THIS PRESENTATION IS FOR INTEREST AND SIMULATED FLIGHT ONLY, AS PROPER FLIGHT INSTRUCTION SHOULD BE TAKEN FOR ACTUAL FLIGHT
Airplane (fixed wing aircraft) configuration and various parts | Flight Mecha...Age of Aerospace
For Video Lecture of this presentation: https://youtu.be/uD_qWvTZEhY
The topics covered in this session are, Airplane (fixed wing aircraft) configurations and various parts of airplane. A detailed list of airplane configuration is discussed with general insight about airplane parts.
Attention! "Gate Aerospace Engineering aspirants", A virtual guide for gate aerospace engineering is provided in "Age of Aerospace" blog for helping you meticulously prepare for gate examination. Respective notes of individual subjects are provided as 'Embedded Google Docs' which are frequently updated. This comprehensive guide is intended to efficiently serve as an extensive collection of online resources for "GATE Aerospace Engineering" which can be accessed free of cost. Use the following link to access the study material
https://ageofaerospace.blogspot.com/p/gate-aerospace.html
Takeoff and Landing | Flight Mechanics | GATE AerospaceAge of Aerospace
For Video Lecture of this presentation: https://youtu.be/ieQYv7p-tnQ
The topics covered in this session are, takeoff performance (ground roll & airborne distance), landing performance (approach distance, flare distance & ground roll). The equations are completely derived from basics and physical significance of the concept is also discussed.
Attention! "Gate Aerospace Engineering aspirants", A virtual guide for gate aerospace engineering is provided in "Age of Aerospace" blog for helping you meticulously prepare for gate examination. Respective notes of individual subjects are provided as 'Embedded Google Docs' which are frequently updated. This comprehensive guide is intended to efficiently serve as an extensive collection of online resources for "GATE Aerospace Engineering" which can be accessed free of cost. Use the following link to access the study material
https://ageofaerospace.blogspot.com/p/gate-aerospace.html
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
2. Aircraft Components and Control
• Aircraft range from simple home-built
machines to complex fighter jets
• All aircraft have common structural and
control components that allow for
controlled flight
13. Center of Gravity
Center of Gravity (CG) is point where
weight of object is balanced
Centroid located on
the line of symmetry
Centroid of object with multiple lines of symmetry
is located at intersection of lines of symmetry
15. Stability
• Aircraft with positive stability returns to
steady flight after disturbance
• Maneuverability is an indication of an
aircraft’s ability to handle the stress of
maneuvers
• Controllability is an indication of an
aircraft’s ability to react to pilot inputs
16. Aircraft Attitude
• Aircraft have three axes of flight which
intersect at the center of gravity
Longitudinal
Axis
Lateral
Axis
Vertical
Axis
17. Aircraft Attitude
• Aircraft have three axes of flight which
intersect at the center of gravity
• Aircraft must be stable around these three
axes for controlled flight
Center of
Pressure
Center of
Gravity
18. Aircraft Attitude
• Aircraft have three axes of flight which
intersect at the center of gravity
• Aircraft must be stable around these three
axes for controlled flight
• Aircraft must be controlled to rotate around
these three axes to change direction
Center of
Pressure
Center of
Gravity
20. Aircraft Roll Stability and Control
To turn left, the
aircraft must roll left.
Right wing must raise
and left wing must
descend.
Right aileron is
lowered and left
aileron is raised.
Longitudinal
Axis
21. Aircraft Roll Stability and Control
To turn left, the
aircraft must roll left.
Right wing must raise
and left wing must
descend.
Right aileron is
lowered and left
aileron is raised.
Longitudinal
Axis
22. Flight Controls that Cause Ailerons
and Flaps to Move
Yoke rotated
left
Left aileron raises
Right aileron lowers
Left and right
flaps lower
Flaps lever lowered
23. Aircraft Pitch Stability and Control
Lateral
Axis
Pitch Down
Push the yoke
forward
To descend, the pilot
reduces power and lowers
the elevator to pitch down
Lower the elevator
24. Aircraft Yaw Stability and Control
Vertical
Axis
Yaw Left
Push left pedal
away from you.
To yaw the aircraft
nose left, the
rudder must
deflect left.
25. Aircraft Motion and Control
Axis Motion Stabilized by Control Pilot Control
Longitudinal Roll Wings Aileron Yoke twist left
or right
Lateral Pitch Horizontal
stabilizer
Elevator Yoke forward
or aft
Vertical Yaw Vertical
stabilizer
Rudder Rudder pedals
Longitudinal
Axis
Lateral
Axis
Vertical
Axis
Roll Pitch
Yaw
26. Why Do Airplane Designs Differ?
The differences more than aesthetic
Consider how a design affects lift
and drag and other characteristics
28. • High wing generates the most lift of the three wing locations
because airflow is continuous with minimal interruption
• Improved pilot downward visibility without wing obstruction
• Center of gravity is high
• Pusher engine avoids introducing turbulence over wing
High Wing
29. Mid Wing
• Mid wing generates the least lift of the three wing locations
30. Low Wing
• Low wing generates lift as a median of three wing locations
because airflow is almost continuous with some interruption
• Increased ground effect increases lift during takeoff and
landing because the wing airflow acts against the ground
• Limited pilot downward visibility because of wing obstruction
32. Multiple Wings – Biplane
• Increased wing area generates more lift
• Increased wing area generates more drag
33. Canard Wings
• Canard wings provides major wing surface area well
forward of the center of gravity
• Center of gravity being farther rearward improves pitch
control
34. Vertical Stabilizer
Twin vertical stabilizers
Triple vertical stabilizers
How will the vertical stabilizer affect aircraft performance?
V-Tail
36. Triple Vertical Stabilizers
• Three vertical stabilizers improve yaw control
• Could be needed to compensate for the limitation of other
features
37. V-Tail
• Early versions of the design made it difficult for a pilot to
control yaw
• Note the relative percentage of wing that is flap versus
aileron.
38. Power Plant
Tractor power plant
Pusher power plant
How will the power plant affect aircraft performance?
Variable direction power plant
47. Rough field
How will the landing gear affect aircraft performance?
Specialized Landing Gear
Soft field
48. Rough Field Landing Gear
• Rough field landing gear has smaller wheels to allow large
shock absorbers
• Large shock absorbers
• Absorb impact of a rough terrain
• Propeller is above tall grass
49. Soft Field Landing Gear
• Soft field landing gear has large wheels to minimize sinking
into terrain
50. Fuselage size
How will the aircraft size affect aircraft performance?
Aircraft Size and Shape
Engine size
Specialized configuration
55. Simple instrument panel
How will the instrument panel affect aircraft performance?
Instrument Panel
General aviation instrument panel
General aviation instrument panel
56. References
Jeppesen (2007). Private pilot: Guided flight discovery.
Englewood, CO: Jeppesen.
Jeppesen Sanderson, Inc. (2006). Guided flight discovery
private pilot images [CD-ROM]. Englewood, CO:
Jeppesen Sanderson, Inc.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (2009).
Airplane parts definitions. Retrieved from
http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-
12/airplane/airplane.html
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (2009).
Wilber and Or. Retrieved from
http://grin.hq.nasa.gov/IMAGES/SMALL/GPN-2002-
000126.jpg
57. References
Chapple G. (Photographer). (2012). Shuttle 1. [Photo].
Lockheed Martin (2010). C-5M first flight-3a. Retrieved
from
http://www.flickr.com/photos/lockheedmartin/357061040
6/in/set-72157618866063402
Lockheed Martin (2010). F-35 Lightning II. Retrieved from
http://www.lockheedmartin.com/products/f35/
Lockheed Martin (2010). Lockheed Martin C-130 in flight.
Retrieved from
http://www.flickr.com/photos/lockheedmartin/976461432/
Meyer, A. (2010). X-Plane (Version 9.21rc2) [Computer
software]. Columbia, SC: Laminar Research.
