1) The study measured air pollution levels over two years in residential areas in and around Tirupati, India, a popular pilgrimage site that sees over 1 million visitors monthly.
2) Suspended particulate matter (SPM) and respirable particulate matter (PM10) violated national air quality standards, while carbon monoxide levels approached the limit. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides were within standards.
3) Peak pollution occurred in spring and winter. Summer pollution levels exceeded monsoon and winter levels for most pollutants, influenced both by local factors and meteorology. Overall pollutant levels correlated with each other and with meteorological parameters.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document discusses air pollution and its impacts on health. It notes that air pollution is one of the world's leading health risks, causing over 5.5 million premature deaths annually from diseases like lung cancer, heart disease, and COPD. In India, major sources of air pollution include coal burning, industry, vehicles, construction, and biomass burning. High levels of particulate matter and ground-level ozone are used to measure and quantify air pollution exposure and related health effects. The document also mentions that data is being collected from 4 hospitals in Dhanbad, India as part of a National Environmental Health Profile study to understand the effects of air pollution.
Delhi air pollution. Dr Aninda Debnath ( MD, AIIMS )Aninda Debnath
This document discusses air pollution in Delhi and its causes and effects. It defines air pollution and different types of air pollutants. The key causes of air pollution in Delhi are vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, biomass burning, and meteorological conditions that trap pollutants near the surface. Air pollution is linked to various health effects like respiratory and cardiac issues. Monitoring is done through programs like NAMP and indices like AQI are used to inform people about pollution levels and health risks.
Monitoring of Particulate Matter and Gaseous Pollutant in Aurangabad CityIOSRJMCE
Concentration of gaseous pollutant and particulate matter are the major cause of respiratory disease and deaths. The dust pollution is serious matter almost in all cities of Maharashtra. This paper deals with the results of ambient monitoring of Aurangabad city for particulate matter, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. The sulphur dioxide concentration is measured by Modified West and Geake Method whereas nitrogen dioxide is measured by Modified Jacob and Hochheiser method. The results shows a very high concentration of particulate matter, however sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide were within the permissible limits.
China relies heavily on its coal industry, which pollutes the air with particulate matter and gases. The city of Linfen, China has extremely high air pollution due to coal burning, with pollution levels over 4 times the healthy level. This pollution contributes to 1.6 million deaths in China annually, especially from lung cancer. Men in Linfen over age 40 have a high risk of lung cancer due to breathing high levels of particulate matter and gases from the coal industry, especially PM2.5.
Risk Assessment of Human Health by Heavy Metals Exposure to Communities along...Premier Publishers
In this study, heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, Cu and Ni) concentrations were determined in soil samples taken from Pilafu, Shiwa, Fadama-rake and Damdrai along Hong major road using Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The determined concentrations were used to investigate their influence on human health risk through ingestion, inhalation and dermal exposure path ways. The result revealed that the extent of human health risk varied with exposure path ways, Metal species and sample area. The target hazard quotient for all the elements through each exposure path way were observed to be >1, except Zn in ingestion for adults and in dermal for children and also Cu for children in dermal. However, the health index values for adults were observed to be much higher than the children for THQinh and THQdermal. But for THQing the HI values for children were observed to be higher than the adults. While in inhalation exposure path way all the cancer risk index values were observed to be higher in adults than in children except Ni which is higher in children than in adults. The combine effect for each exposure path way shows high possibility of carcinogenic risk by inhalation route. Indicating some concern about the expansion of unregulated settlements along heavy traffic highways.
The document discusses the health impacts of particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution. It notes that exposure to anthropogenic PM2.5 leads to reduced life expectancy, with models showing losses ranging from months to over a year depending on the year and meteorological factors. Motor vehicles are identified as major contributors to air pollution in cities, responsible for around half of particulate emissions. Long term exposure to elevated levels of PM2.5 and other air pollutants increases mortality rates from respiratory and cardiac causes.
Preliminary Studies on Mean Levels of Vehicular Emissions at Sections of Ower...ijtsrd
The study, investigated the vehicular emissions on the ambient air quality of sections of Owerri municipal road by measuring the mean concentrations of CO, NO2, SO2, VOCs, NH3 and suspended particulate matter (PM7, PM10 and TSP) arising mainly from the activities of motor vehicles in the month of October, 2017. The sampled stations were Wetheral road, Okigwe road and Control Roundabout, which constitute one of the heaviest traffic congestion hotspots in the city. The sampling was carried out both in the morning and afternoon on four sampling stations and a control point and standard methods were adopted for field investigations. The levels of gaseous emissions from vehicular activities were sampled using a gas measuring meter of models BW Multi gas Monitor, Aeroqual Environmental gas Monitor and Aerocet 531 particle mass monitor for (H2S, CO, NH3, CH4), (NO2, SO2, VOCS) and (Suspended particulate matter ranging from PM1 "“ PM10 and TSP) respectively. The result of the study showed that with the exception of NH3 (3.889ppm) and CO (7.944ppm) other air pollutants NO2 (0.108ppm), SO2 (0.146ppm), VOCs(0.556ppm), PM7 (0.088mgmm3), PM10 (0.140mgmm3) and TSP (0.216mgmm3) measured exceeded the concentration values stipulated by Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv.), WHO (World Health Organization) and the United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). This could result to adverse environmental and health implications among the inhabitants. Regular air quality monitoring for better healthy living among residents of the study area is recommended. Dr. Umunnakwe Johnbosco Emeka | Dr. Aharanwa Bibian Chimezie"Preliminary Studies on Mean Levels of Vehicular Emissions at Sections of Owerri Road Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd15745.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/enviormental-science/15745/preliminary-studies-on-mean-levels-of-vehicular-emissions-at-sections-of-owerri-road-nigeria/dr-umunnakwe-johnbosco-emeka
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document discusses air pollution and its impacts on health. It notes that air pollution is one of the world's leading health risks, causing over 5.5 million premature deaths annually from diseases like lung cancer, heart disease, and COPD. In India, major sources of air pollution include coal burning, industry, vehicles, construction, and biomass burning. High levels of particulate matter and ground-level ozone are used to measure and quantify air pollution exposure and related health effects. The document also mentions that data is being collected from 4 hospitals in Dhanbad, India as part of a National Environmental Health Profile study to understand the effects of air pollution.
Delhi air pollution. Dr Aninda Debnath ( MD, AIIMS )Aninda Debnath
This document discusses air pollution in Delhi and its causes and effects. It defines air pollution and different types of air pollutants. The key causes of air pollution in Delhi are vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, biomass burning, and meteorological conditions that trap pollutants near the surface. Air pollution is linked to various health effects like respiratory and cardiac issues. Monitoring is done through programs like NAMP and indices like AQI are used to inform people about pollution levels and health risks.
Monitoring of Particulate Matter and Gaseous Pollutant in Aurangabad CityIOSRJMCE
Concentration of gaseous pollutant and particulate matter are the major cause of respiratory disease and deaths. The dust pollution is serious matter almost in all cities of Maharashtra. This paper deals with the results of ambient monitoring of Aurangabad city for particulate matter, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. The sulphur dioxide concentration is measured by Modified West and Geake Method whereas nitrogen dioxide is measured by Modified Jacob and Hochheiser method. The results shows a very high concentration of particulate matter, however sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide were within the permissible limits.
China relies heavily on its coal industry, which pollutes the air with particulate matter and gases. The city of Linfen, China has extremely high air pollution due to coal burning, with pollution levels over 4 times the healthy level. This pollution contributes to 1.6 million deaths in China annually, especially from lung cancer. Men in Linfen over age 40 have a high risk of lung cancer due to breathing high levels of particulate matter and gases from the coal industry, especially PM2.5.
Risk Assessment of Human Health by Heavy Metals Exposure to Communities along...Premier Publishers
In this study, heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, Cu and Ni) concentrations were determined in soil samples taken from Pilafu, Shiwa, Fadama-rake and Damdrai along Hong major road using Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The determined concentrations were used to investigate their influence on human health risk through ingestion, inhalation and dermal exposure path ways. The result revealed that the extent of human health risk varied with exposure path ways, Metal species and sample area. The target hazard quotient for all the elements through each exposure path way were observed to be >1, except Zn in ingestion for adults and in dermal for children and also Cu for children in dermal. However, the health index values for adults were observed to be much higher than the children for THQinh and THQdermal. But for THQing the HI values for children were observed to be higher than the adults. While in inhalation exposure path way all the cancer risk index values were observed to be higher in adults than in children except Ni which is higher in children than in adults. The combine effect for each exposure path way shows high possibility of carcinogenic risk by inhalation route. Indicating some concern about the expansion of unregulated settlements along heavy traffic highways.
The document discusses the health impacts of particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution. It notes that exposure to anthropogenic PM2.5 leads to reduced life expectancy, with models showing losses ranging from months to over a year depending on the year and meteorological factors. Motor vehicles are identified as major contributors to air pollution in cities, responsible for around half of particulate emissions. Long term exposure to elevated levels of PM2.5 and other air pollutants increases mortality rates from respiratory and cardiac causes.
Preliminary Studies on Mean Levels of Vehicular Emissions at Sections of Ower...ijtsrd
The study, investigated the vehicular emissions on the ambient air quality of sections of Owerri municipal road by measuring the mean concentrations of CO, NO2, SO2, VOCs, NH3 and suspended particulate matter (PM7, PM10 and TSP) arising mainly from the activities of motor vehicles in the month of October, 2017. The sampled stations were Wetheral road, Okigwe road and Control Roundabout, which constitute one of the heaviest traffic congestion hotspots in the city. The sampling was carried out both in the morning and afternoon on four sampling stations and a control point and standard methods were adopted for field investigations. The levels of gaseous emissions from vehicular activities were sampled using a gas measuring meter of models BW Multi gas Monitor, Aeroqual Environmental gas Monitor and Aerocet 531 particle mass monitor for (H2S, CO, NH3, CH4), (NO2, SO2, VOCS) and (Suspended particulate matter ranging from PM1 "“ PM10 and TSP) respectively. The result of the study showed that with the exception of NH3 (3.889ppm) and CO (7.944ppm) other air pollutants NO2 (0.108ppm), SO2 (0.146ppm), VOCs(0.556ppm), PM7 (0.088mgmm3), PM10 (0.140mgmm3) and TSP (0.216mgmm3) measured exceeded the concentration values stipulated by Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv.), WHO (World Health Organization) and the United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). This could result to adverse environmental and health implications among the inhabitants. Regular air quality monitoring for better healthy living among residents of the study area is recommended. Dr. Umunnakwe Johnbosco Emeka | Dr. Aharanwa Bibian Chimezie"Preliminary Studies on Mean Levels of Vehicular Emissions at Sections of Owerri Road Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd15745.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/enviormental-science/15745/preliminary-studies-on-mean-levels-of-vehicular-emissions-at-sections-of-owerri-road-nigeria/dr-umunnakwe-johnbosco-emeka
IRJET- Increasing Noise Pollution in SRTM University Campus Area of Vishn...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on increasing noise pollution in the Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University campus area in Nanded, India. Noise levels were measured between January 2018 and December 2018 at 20 sampling sites, including locations designated as silence zones, residential areas, and commercial areas. The results found noise levels exceeding permissible limits set by the Central Pollution Control Board, with some commercial areas reaching up to 85 dB during the day. Increasing population, urbanization, construction activities, and vehicle traffic were concluded to be contributing factors to rising noise pollution levels in the university campus area.
This study examines the factors contributing to air pollution in Tehran and its impacts on the environment and human health. Motor vehicles are the largest source of pollution, contributing up to 70% of emissions. Other sources include industrial activities and specific weather conditions like temperature inversions. Air pollution in Tehran exceeds permitted levels, with pollutants like SO2, NO2, CO and lead strongly correlated with increased respiratory issues. Recommendations include reducing vehicle usage, improving public transportation, restricting urban growth, and transferring industrial activities outside the city.
Air pollution is a major public health issue in India, especially in Delhi which has the dirtiest air of any city worldwide according to WHO. Chronic exposure to air pollution significantly increases health risks and diseases like asthma and COPD. While people spend most of their time indoors, indoor air can be 3-5 times more polluted than outdoor air. New technologies like PHIO+ and CPT can effectively purify indoor air and improve health by generating oxidizing ions and plasma to eliminate pollutants, microbes, and odors while also saving energy. These technologies can help maintain healthy indoor air quality in homes and buildings.
SIMULATION OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS DISPERSION IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENTAM Publications
Interest in air pollution investigation of urban environment due to existence of industrial and commercial activities along with vehicular emission and existence of buildings and streets which setup natural barrier for pollutant dispersion in the urban environment has increased. The air pollution modelling is a multidisciplinary subject when the entire cities are taken under consideration where urban planning and geometries are complex which needs a large software packages to be developed like Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM), California Line Source model (CALINE series) etc. On overviewing various works it can be summarized that the air pollutant dispersion in urban street canyons and all linked phenomenon such as wind flow, pollutant concentrations, temperature distribution etc. generally depend on wind speed and direction, building heights and density, road width, source and intensity of air pollution, meteorological variables like temperature, humidity etc. A unique and surprising case is observed every time on numerous combinations of these factors. The main aim of this study is to simulate the atmospheric pollutant dispersion for given pollutant like carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide and given atmospheric conditions like wind speed and direction. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation for analysing the atmospheric pollutant dispersion is done after natural airflow analysis. Volume rendering is done for variables such as phase 2 volume fraction and velocity with resolution as 250 pixels per inch and transparency as 20%. It can be observed that all the three pollutant namely nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide the phase 2 volume fraction changes from 0 to 1. The wind velocity changes from 3.395×10-13 m/s to 1.692×102 m/s. The dispersion of pollutants follow the sequence Sulphur dioxide>Carbon monoxide>Nitrogen dioxide.
Air Pollution: A New Approach on Global WarmingIJLT EMAS
In a move to curb pollution from the coal- based
power sector. The Union Ministry of Environment ,Forest and
Climate change(MOEF&CC) had announced new emission
limits for power stations ,both existing and upcoming. The
enhanced pace of developmental activities after industrial
revolution i.e. 18th century and rapid urbanization have resulted
in stress on natural resources and quality of life. Pollution is now
a common place term that our ears are attuned to. We hear
about the various forms of pollution and read about it through
the mass media. Air pollution is one such form that refers to the
contamination of the air, irrespective of indoors or outside. A
physical, biological or chemical alteration to the air in the
atmosphere can be termed as pollution. Thus air pollutants are
substances emitted into the air from an anthropogenic, biogenic,
or geogenic source, that is either not part of natural atmosphere
or is present in higher concentrations than the natural
atmosphere, and may cause a short term or long term adverse
effect. It occurs when any harmful gases, dust, smoke enters into
the atmosphere and makes it difficult for plants, animals and
humans to survive as the air becomes dirty. A WHO report
released in May 2014 showed that most of Indian cities are death
traps due to very high air pollution levels. The urban air quality
database of WHO, covering 1600 cities across 91 countries
showed that Indian cities are among those with highest levels of
(Particulate Matter) PM 10 and PM 2.5 and less. Black carbon is
also a kind of particulate matter, responsible for global warming.
This study analyzed the seasonal trends and chemical composition of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Baghdad, Iraq over one year. Daily PM2.5 samples were collected every 6 days from September 2012 to September 2013 and analyzed. The annual average PM2.5 concentration was high at 50 mg/m3. The PM2.5 was composed of crustal materials, organic carbon, sulfate, elemental carbon, and ammonium. Higher levels of elemental carbon were observed in warmer months due to electric generator use. Lead concentrations were very high. The oxidative potential of the PM was lower than other areas studied. Biomass burning contributed moderately to the oxidative potential. Additional study is needed to understand PM sources and health
Air Pollution Prediction via Differential Evolution Strategies with Random Fo...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using a hybrid machine learning technique combining differential evolution and random forest methods to predict air pollution levels. It analyzes data on various pollutants from two cities in India - Delhi and Patna. The proposed approach is experimentally validated to achieve better performance compared to independent classifiers and multi-label classifiers in terms of accuracy, area under the curve, success index and correlation. Differential evolution is used to initialize population and optimize candidate solutions. Random forest creates an ensemble of decision trees to make predictions. The hybrid method is tested on predicting carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and benzene levels using data from a monitoring station in Delhi.
This document summarizes a research study analyzing air pollution levels in Delhi, India during a period of hazy conditions in winter 2012. Monitoring data from three locations in Delhi showed elevated levels of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and low winds compared to previous years. The hazy conditions lasted approximately 20 days and were attributed to factors like agricultural waste burning in neighboring states and a cyclone off the coast of Tamil Nadu, in addition to Delhi's geography and density. The study aimed to understand the cause of the unusually hazy conditions and resulting health concerns.
This document summarizes the potential health impacts of traffic in Toronto. It finds that traffic is a major source of air pollution in the city, contributing to respiratory and cardiovascular illness. Studies show higher risks for those living near major roads. It recommends estimating the disease burden from traffic pollution and considering health impacts in transportation planning. Reducing traffic through policies like congestion charging can improve air quality and health outcomes.
Air pollution has had devastating health impacts on children in Sri Lanka, especially in urban areas. Emissions from motor vehicles, industries, domestic sources, and waste burning contribute significantly to air pollution. Children are highly exposed to polluted air at home and school, leading to increased rates of respiratory diseases like asthma and visits to hospitals. Reducing emissions from vehicles, industries, and waste burning as well as promoting facemask usage can help mitigate health impacts of air pollution on children.
This document summarizes a study on the economic impact of automobile air pollution-linked diseases in Rewa, India. The study surveyed two areas, Sirmour Chauk and a bus stand, and found higher rates of respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and skin diseases at the bus stand, which had higher traffic pollution. The annual health cost was also higher at the bus stand, with total expenditures of 572,244 rupees compared to 509,537 rupees at Sirmour Chauk. The study concludes that traffic from vehicles is a major source of air pollution in Rewa and causes significant health problems and economic costs.
Impact of Air Quality on Human Health In The Vicinity of Construction Sites i...IJERA Editor
Construction sites are important source of air pollution emitting pollutants like PM10, etc. which adversely affect human health especially the respiratory system. The present study aims at monitoring of PM10, health condition of workers, evaluation of API (Air Pollution Index) and development of correlation between API and human health in the vicinity of construction sites. In the present study relevant literature review has also been carried out to study and analyze the impact of air pollution on human health. Reconnaissance survey of 19 selected construction sites in Delhi-NCR has been conducted for the period January 2013 to December 2013 and health related data of people in the vicinity of construction sites has been collected individually through a questionnaire. The air quality data (for pollutant PM10) for the area in which the selected construction sites lie has been obtained from the continuous monitoring stations of Central Pollution Control Board. The monthly average PM10 concentration in the ambient air for the study period has been obtained for all the sites. The annual average PM10 level of all the sites has been estimated and compared with the prescribed value. Also the air pollution index (API) (for pollutant PM10) has been calculated for each site and compared with the percentage of people suffering with respiratory problems at the respective sites. The results show that the construction sites where the value of API for PM10 is higher there the percentage of people suffering with respiratory diseases has also been higher.
This document summarizes air quality and health issues related to air pollution in India. It finds that air quality has degraded significantly due to rapid population growth, urbanization, and increased energy consumption and vehicles. Air pollution levels exceed safety limits in many cities like Delhi and are linked to thousands of premature deaths annually from respiratory and cardiac diseases. Studies show the lung health of Indians is the worst globally and conditions like asthma and COPD are on the rise, especially in children living in highly polluted cities. Indoor air pollution from cooking fuels is also a major health concern for women in India.
Qualitative assessment of links between exposure to noise and air pollution a...IES / IAQM
The document summarizes research on the links between exposure to noise and air pollution, and socioeconomic status. Key findings include:
- Poorer groups often live and work in more polluted areas, and may be more susceptible to health impacts of pollution.
- Road traffic is a major source of both noise and air pollution in urban areas, where exposure is highest. Agriculture is a main source of air pollution.
- Research shows lower socioeconomic groups experience higher mortality and morbidity rates associated with air pollution exposure compared to higher socioeconomic groups.
- Children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing health conditions - who may be over-represented in lower socioeconomic groups - are more susceptible to health impacts of noise
Environmental health Effect and Air Pollution from cigarette smokers in Cross...IOSR Journals
The document examines the environmental health effects and air pollution from cigarette smokers in Cross River State, Nigeria. It analyzes data collected through questionnaires distributed to over 87,000 men across the state's 18 local government areas. The results show high levels of smoking, with the average number of cigarettes consumed per person per day ranging from 12 to 30. Over 900 patients were found to have smoking-related diseases like lung cancer, heart attacks, and respiratory illnesses. The study concludes that air pollution from cigarette smoking is a major contributor to health issues in Cross River State.
IRJET - Air Pollution a Major Threat to the People of Khrew (J&K)IRJET Journal
This document discusses air pollution in Khrew, Jammu and Kashmir, India. It finds that air pollution is a major threat to the people of Khrew, mainly affecting children. The main sources of air pollution are the approximately 6 cement plants in the area, which emit around 100,000 kg of toxic gases per day. This high level of air pollution has led to decreased production of saffron, fruits, and vegetables over time as well as decreased water levels. It is also linked to increased respiratory diseases and deaths among the local population. The document recommends various safety measures that can be taken to reduce air pollution, such as using cleaner fuels, limiting private transport, planting more trees, and locating cement plants further away from
This document discusses air pollution in Uttar Pradesh, India, with a focus on Lucknow. Some key points:
- Lucknow is the 9th most polluted city in the world based on PM2.5 levels, and 4 cities in Uttar Pradesh are among the 10 most polluted in India.
- Major sources of air pollution in Lucknow are vehicles (87%), road dust (2%), garbage and agricultural burning (4%).
- Air pollution is a leading cause of death in India, with Uttar Pradesh having the most deaths attributed to air pollution in 2017 at 260,028.
- The Indian government launched a National Clean Air Programme to reduce PM 2.5
Air quality and health effects in delhi, Team Finland Future Watch White PaperTeam Finland Future Watch
Outdoor air pollution is the fifth largest killer in India. In Delhi, vehicle exhaust is the main cause of air pollution, contributing 70% of particulate matter which has more than doubled from 2001-2010. High levels of pollution in the winter months are exacerbated by agricultural burning, construction, and industrial activities. Long-term exposure can lead to respiratory illness, lung damage, and increased cancer risk. The government has implemented reforms like shifting industries, switching public transport to CNG, and introducing emissions standards, but further technological and policy innovations are still needed to improve air quality and public health.
This document discusses criteria for setting ambient air quality standards. It outlines several factors that influence decision making for standards, including acceptable health risks, control costs, and scientific judgment. Standards are designed to protect public health from air pollution effects and may establish maximum concentrations. Primary standards protect health, while secondary standards protect welfare. Factors like meteorology, geography, exposure levels, health risks, economics and policies must be considered when setting standards.
This document discusses atmospheric pollutants that impact aquatic ecosystems. It focuses on three categories: organic compounds, mercury, and nutrients. Many organic compounds are persistent, bioaccumulate in organisms, and are toxic. Mercury readily rains from the air into waterways where it can transform into methylmercury, a toxic form that builds up in fish. Atmospheric deposition is a significant source of nutrients like nitrogen to coastal waters, contributing to eutrophication. The effects of these pollutants are intertwined as they are often deposited together, and one may influence the bioaccumulation and impacts of others. The document calls for increased monitoring and regulation of atmospheric sources to reduce harm to the environment and human health.
The document discusses four main types of air pollution: acid rain, smog, the greenhouse effect, and depletion of the ozone hole. Acid rain is caused by pollution from industries and vehicles which increases the acidity of precipitation and harms plants, humans, and buildings. Smog results from burning coal, vehicle emissions, and industrial fumes and can cause respiratory issues. The greenhouse effect occurs as greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb and re-radiate solar energy, warming the lower atmosphere and surface. Depletion of the ozone hole is also discussed as a type of air pollution.
IRJET- Increasing Noise Pollution in SRTM University Campus Area of Vishn...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on increasing noise pollution in the Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University campus area in Nanded, India. Noise levels were measured between January 2018 and December 2018 at 20 sampling sites, including locations designated as silence zones, residential areas, and commercial areas. The results found noise levels exceeding permissible limits set by the Central Pollution Control Board, with some commercial areas reaching up to 85 dB during the day. Increasing population, urbanization, construction activities, and vehicle traffic were concluded to be contributing factors to rising noise pollution levels in the university campus area.
This study examines the factors contributing to air pollution in Tehran and its impacts on the environment and human health. Motor vehicles are the largest source of pollution, contributing up to 70% of emissions. Other sources include industrial activities and specific weather conditions like temperature inversions. Air pollution in Tehran exceeds permitted levels, with pollutants like SO2, NO2, CO and lead strongly correlated with increased respiratory issues. Recommendations include reducing vehicle usage, improving public transportation, restricting urban growth, and transferring industrial activities outside the city.
Air pollution is a major public health issue in India, especially in Delhi which has the dirtiest air of any city worldwide according to WHO. Chronic exposure to air pollution significantly increases health risks and diseases like asthma and COPD. While people spend most of their time indoors, indoor air can be 3-5 times more polluted than outdoor air. New technologies like PHIO+ and CPT can effectively purify indoor air and improve health by generating oxidizing ions and plasma to eliminate pollutants, microbes, and odors while also saving energy. These technologies can help maintain healthy indoor air quality in homes and buildings.
SIMULATION OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS DISPERSION IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENTAM Publications
Interest in air pollution investigation of urban environment due to existence of industrial and commercial activities along with vehicular emission and existence of buildings and streets which setup natural barrier for pollutant dispersion in the urban environment has increased. The air pollution modelling is a multidisciplinary subject when the entire cities are taken under consideration where urban planning and geometries are complex which needs a large software packages to be developed like Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM), California Line Source model (CALINE series) etc. On overviewing various works it can be summarized that the air pollutant dispersion in urban street canyons and all linked phenomenon such as wind flow, pollutant concentrations, temperature distribution etc. generally depend on wind speed and direction, building heights and density, road width, source and intensity of air pollution, meteorological variables like temperature, humidity etc. A unique and surprising case is observed every time on numerous combinations of these factors. The main aim of this study is to simulate the atmospheric pollutant dispersion for given pollutant like carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide and given atmospheric conditions like wind speed and direction. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation for analysing the atmospheric pollutant dispersion is done after natural airflow analysis. Volume rendering is done for variables such as phase 2 volume fraction and velocity with resolution as 250 pixels per inch and transparency as 20%. It can be observed that all the three pollutant namely nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide the phase 2 volume fraction changes from 0 to 1. The wind velocity changes from 3.395×10-13 m/s to 1.692×102 m/s. The dispersion of pollutants follow the sequence Sulphur dioxide>Carbon monoxide>Nitrogen dioxide.
Air Pollution: A New Approach on Global WarmingIJLT EMAS
In a move to curb pollution from the coal- based
power sector. The Union Ministry of Environment ,Forest and
Climate change(MOEF&CC) had announced new emission
limits for power stations ,both existing and upcoming. The
enhanced pace of developmental activities after industrial
revolution i.e. 18th century and rapid urbanization have resulted
in stress on natural resources and quality of life. Pollution is now
a common place term that our ears are attuned to. We hear
about the various forms of pollution and read about it through
the mass media. Air pollution is one such form that refers to the
contamination of the air, irrespective of indoors or outside. A
physical, biological or chemical alteration to the air in the
atmosphere can be termed as pollution. Thus air pollutants are
substances emitted into the air from an anthropogenic, biogenic,
or geogenic source, that is either not part of natural atmosphere
or is present in higher concentrations than the natural
atmosphere, and may cause a short term or long term adverse
effect. It occurs when any harmful gases, dust, smoke enters into
the atmosphere and makes it difficult for plants, animals and
humans to survive as the air becomes dirty. A WHO report
released in May 2014 showed that most of Indian cities are death
traps due to very high air pollution levels. The urban air quality
database of WHO, covering 1600 cities across 91 countries
showed that Indian cities are among those with highest levels of
(Particulate Matter) PM 10 and PM 2.5 and less. Black carbon is
also a kind of particulate matter, responsible for global warming.
This study analyzed the seasonal trends and chemical composition of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Baghdad, Iraq over one year. Daily PM2.5 samples were collected every 6 days from September 2012 to September 2013 and analyzed. The annual average PM2.5 concentration was high at 50 mg/m3. The PM2.5 was composed of crustal materials, organic carbon, sulfate, elemental carbon, and ammonium. Higher levels of elemental carbon were observed in warmer months due to electric generator use. Lead concentrations were very high. The oxidative potential of the PM was lower than other areas studied. Biomass burning contributed moderately to the oxidative potential. Additional study is needed to understand PM sources and health
Air Pollution Prediction via Differential Evolution Strategies with Random Fo...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using a hybrid machine learning technique combining differential evolution and random forest methods to predict air pollution levels. It analyzes data on various pollutants from two cities in India - Delhi and Patna. The proposed approach is experimentally validated to achieve better performance compared to independent classifiers and multi-label classifiers in terms of accuracy, area under the curve, success index and correlation. Differential evolution is used to initialize population and optimize candidate solutions. Random forest creates an ensemble of decision trees to make predictions. The hybrid method is tested on predicting carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and benzene levels using data from a monitoring station in Delhi.
This document summarizes a research study analyzing air pollution levels in Delhi, India during a period of hazy conditions in winter 2012. Monitoring data from three locations in Delhi showed elevated levels of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and low winds compared to previous years. The hazy conditions lasted approximately 20 days and were attributed to factors like agricultural waste burning in neighboring states and a cyclone off the coast of Tamil Nadu, in addition to Delhi's geography and density. The study aimed to understand the cause of the unusually hazy conditions and resulting health concerns.
This document summarizes the potential health impacts of traffic in Toronto. It finds that traffic is a major source of air pollution in the city, contributing to respiratory and cardiovascular illness. Studies show higher risks for those living near major roads. It recommends estimating the disease burden from traffic pollution and considering health impacts in transportation planning. Reducing traffic through policies like congestion charging can improve air quality and health outcomes.
Air pollution has had devastating health impacts on children in Sri Lanka, especially in urban areas. Emissions from motor vehicles, industries, domestic sources, and waste burning contribute significantly to air pollution. Children are highly exposed to polluted air at home and school, leading to increased rates of respiratory diseases like asthma and visits to hospitals. Reducing emissions from vehicles, industries, and waste burning as well as promoting facemask usage can help mitigate health impacts of air pollution on children.
This document summarizes a study on the economic impact of automobile air pollution-linked diseases in Rewa, India. The study surveyed two areas, Sirmour Chauk and a bus stand, and found higher rates of respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and skin diseases at the bus stand, which had higher traffic pollution. The annual health cost was also higher at the bus stand, with total expenditures of 572,244 rupees compared to 509,537 rupees at Sirmour Chauk. The study concludes that traffic from vehicles is a major source of air pollution in Rewa and causes significant health problems and economic costs.
Impact of Air Quality on Human Health In The Vicinity of Construction Sites i...IJERA Editor
Construction sites are important source of air pollution emitting pollutants like PM10, etc. which adversely affect human health especially the respiratory system. The present study aims at monitoring of PM10, health condition of workers, evaluation of API (Air Pollution Index) and development of correlation between API and human health in the vicinity of construction sites. In the present study relevant literature review has also been carried out to study and analyze the impact of air pollution on human health. Reconnaissance survey of 19 selected construction sites in Delhi-NCR has been conducted for the period January 2013 to December 2013 and health related data of people in the vicinity of construction sites has been collected individually through a questionnaire. The air quality data (for pollutant PM10) for the area in which the selected construction sites lie has been obtained from the continuous monitoring stations of Central Pollution Control Board. The monthly average PM10 concentration in the ambient air for the study period has been obtained for all the sites. The annual average PM10 level of all the sites has been estimated and compared with the prescribed value. Also the air pollution index (API) (for pollutant PM10) has been calculated for each site and compared with the percentage of people suffering with respiratory problems at the respective sites. The results show that the construction sites where the value of API for PM10 is higher there the percentage of people suffering with respiratory diseases has also been higher.
This document summarizes air quality and health issues related to air pollution in India. It finds that air quality has degraded significantly due to rapid population growth, urbanization, and increased energy consumption and vehicles. Air pollution levels exceed safety limits in many cities like Delhi and are linked to thousands of premature deaths annually from respiratory and cardiac diseases. Studies show the lung health of Indians is the worst globally and conditions like asthma and COPD are on the rise, especially in children living in highly polluted cities. Indoor air pollution from cooking fuels is also a major health concern for women in India.
Qualitative assessment of links between exposure to noise and air pollution a...IES / IAQM
The document summarizes research on the links between exposure to noise and air pollution, and socioeconomic status. Key findings include:
- Poorer groups often live and work in more polluted areas, and may be more susceptible to health impacts of pollution.
- Road traffic is a major source of both noise and air pollution in urban areas, where exposure is highest. Agriculture is a main source of air pollution.
- Research shows lower socioeconomic groups experience higher mortality and morbidity rates associated with air pollution exposure compared to higher socioeconomic groups.
- Children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing health conditions - who may be over-represented in lower socioeconomic groups - are more susceptible to health impacts of noise
Environmental health Effect and Air Pollution from cigarette smokers in Cross...IOSR Journals
The document examines the environmental health effects and air pollution from cigarette smokers in Cross River State, Nigeria. It analyzes data collected through questionnaires distributed to over 87,000 men across the state's 18 local government areas. The results show high levels of smoking, with the average number of cigarettes consumed per person per day ranging from 12 to 30. Over 900 patients were found to have smoking-related diseases like lung cancer, heart attacks, and respiratory illnesses. The study concludes that air pollution from cigarette smoking is a major contributor to health issues in Cross River State.
IRJET - Air Pollution a Major Threat to the People of Khrew (J&K)IRJET Journal
This document discusses air pollution in Khrew, Jammu and Kashmir, India. It finds that air pollution is a major threat to the people of Khrew, mainly affecting children. The main sources of air pollution are the approximately 6 cement plants in the area, which emit around 100,000 kg of toxic gases per day. This high level of air pollution has led to decreased production of saffron, fruits, and vegetables over time as well as decreased water levels. It is also linked to increased respiratory diseases and deaths among the local population. The document recommends various safety measures that can be taken to reduce air pollution, such as using cleaner fuels, limiting private transport, planting more trees, and locating cement plants further away from
This document discusses air pollution in Uttar Pradesh, India, with a focus on Lucknow. Some key points:
- Lucknow is the 9th most polluted city in the world based on PM2.5 levels, and 4 cities in Uttar Pradesh are among the 10 most polluted in India.
- Major sources of air pollution in Lucknow are vehicles (87%), road dust (2%), garbage and agricultural burning (4%).
- Air pollution is a leading cause of death in India, with Uttar Pradesh having the most deaths attributed to air pollution in 2017 at 260,028.
- The Indian government launched a National Clean Air Programme to reduce PM 2.5
Air quality and health effects in delhi, Team Finland Future Watch White PaperTeam Finland Future Watch
Outdoor air pollution is the fifth largest killer in India. In Delhi, vehicle exhaust is the main cause of air pollution, contributing 70% of particulate matter which has more than doubled from 2001-2010. High levels of pollution in the winter months are exacerbated by agricultural burning, construction, and industrial activities. Long-term exposure can lead to respiratory illness, lung damage, and increased cancer risk. The government has implemented reforms like shifting industries, switching public transport to CNG, and introducing emissions standards, but further technological and policy innovations are still needed to improve air quality and public health.
This document discusses criteria for setting ambient air quality standards. It outlines several factors that influence decision making for standards, including acceptable health risks, control costs, and scientific judgment. Standards are designed to protect public health from air pollution effects and may establish maximum concentrations. Primary standards protect health, while secondary standards protect welfare. Factors like meteorology, geography, exposure levels, health risks, economics and policies must be considered when setting standards.
This document discusses atmospheric pollutants that impact aquatic ecosystems. It focuses on three categories: organic compounds, mercury, and nutrients. Many organic compounds are persistent, bioaccumulate in organisms, and are toxic. Mercury readily rains from the air into waterways where it can transform into methylmercury, a toxic form that builds up in fish. Atmospheric deposition is a significant source of nutrients like nitrogen to coastal waters, contributing to eutrophication. The effects of these pollutants are intertwined as they are often deposited together, and one may influence the bioaccumulation and impacts of others. The document calls for increased monitoring and regulation of atmospheric sources to reduce harm to the environment and human health.
The document discusses four main types of air pollution: acid rain, smog, the greenhouse effect, and depletion of the ozone hole. Acid rain is caused by pollution from industries and vehicles which increases the acidity of precipitation and harms plants, humans, and buildings. Smog results from burning coal, vehicle emissions, and industrial fumes and can cause respiratory issues. The greenhouse effect occurs as greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb and re-radiate solar energy, warming the lower atmosphere and surface. Depletion of the ozone hole is also discussed as a type of air pollution.
This document presents an air dispersion modelling study of SO2 emissions from a steel plant in Zenica Valley, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study investigated the influence of the steel plant, owned by ArcelorMittal, on SO2 levels in the valley using the Screen View air dispersion model. Input data for the model came from literature and included emission rates, stack parameters, and meteorological data. The results of the modelling were compared to actual recorded SO2 concentrations in the valley. The modelling aims to estimate pollution levels from the plant and contribute to understanding the impact on the increased cancer rates observed in the valley in recent years.
Air pollution is defined as the presence of contaminants or combinations thereof in air that may be injurious to human health, wildlife, or property. Major air pollutants include gases like sulfur and nitrogen compounds, particulate matter, and aerosols. Sources can be natural like volcanoes or anthropogenic like vehicle emissions, industrial processes, and power generation. Effects of air pollution include damage to plants and reduced crop yields, corrosion of materials, and adverse human health impacts ranging from respiratory illnesses to cancer. Key pollutants like particulate matter, nitrogen and sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and ozone can decrease lung function and cause respiratory disease. Children, the elderly, and those with preexisting conditions are especially vulnerable.
Transportation and its effect on environmentMilita Haldar
Transportation has significant environmental impacts through its emissions and infrastructure requirements. The direct impacts of transportation emissions include air pollutants like particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and lead released from vehicle exhaust. The infrastructure needs of transportation, such as roads, parking lots, and airports, also have indirect and cumulative environmental impacts such as habitat loss, fragmentation of ecosystems, and consumption of agricultural lands. Transportation activities can also contribute to issues like climate change, resource depletion, water and soil pollution, and increased biosecurity risks. Addressing these various environmental effects of transportation will be important for achieving sustainable development.
Eutrophication is a process where water bodies receive excessive nutrients, such as from fertilizers and sewage, which causes excessive plant growth. This depletes oxygen levels and can kill other organisms. It leads to issues like algal blooms, loss of biodiversity, fish kills, and problems for drinking water. Examples given are the Baltic Sea, where blooms have damaged industries and health, and the Mediterranean Sea, where coastal development contributes to the problem. Solutions include reducing nutrient inputs, filtration, and policies to meet nutrient reduction targets.
This document discusses NOx and SOx emissions from ships and their regulation. It provides background on the major air pollutants from ships, NOx and SOx formation chemistry, hazards they cause, and MARPOL legislation which sets emission standards in three tiers and establishes emission control areas. It then describes technologies for reducing SOx emissions including lowering sulfur fuel content, removing sulfur before or during combustion, and flue gas desulfurization. Operational concerns with low-sulfur fuels are also discussed.
The document discusses air pollution, including its definition, types, causes, effects, and prevention. It defines air pollution as physical, chemical, and biological agents that modify the natural atmosphere. It discusses primary and secondary pollutants like carbon monoxide and ozone. Major causes of air pollution include vehicle emissions, industrial emissions, and natural sources like wildfires. Short-term effects include respiratory issues, while long-term effects involve chronic diseases like lung cancer and heart disease. Prevention strategies include controlling vehicle and industry emissions, restricting smoking, and increasing ventilation.
Water quality refers to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water. It is determined by measuring various parameters and comparing them to standards for different intended uses like drinking water, recreation, agriculture, and ecosystem health. Assessing water quality involves understanding natural and human factors that can influence contaminant levels. Monitoring programs and technologies help evaluate water quality over time and inform policies to protect water resources and public health.
Acid rain is rain that is more acidic than normal due to sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from the burning of fossil fuels and other sources. It damages buildings, statues, and other non-living materials as well as harms plants, animals, and humans. It also acidifies soils and lakes, affecting entire ecosystems. While scrubbers and converters can help reduce emissions, governments need policies to control pollution and transition to less polluting energy sources to mitigate the effects of acid rain on the environment.
Air pollution: its causes,effects and pollutantsMaliha Eesha
This presentation gives the complete detail of air, air pollution, air pollutants and their types, each pollutant in detail and its causes and effects, acid rain, methods of prevention,smog,acidification,indoor pollution and so on. It is a complete package and I hope it'll be helpful in school! :)
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse effects. It discusses various types of pollution like air, water, soil, noise, and light pollution. The document outlines causes like industries, vehicles, and agriculture. Effects include health impacts and ecosystem damage. It provides measures to control different types of pollution such as treating wastes, using public transport, and limiting fertilizers. The most polluted world cities include Cairo, Delhi, and Beijing. The conclusion is that reducing pollution requires going green.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on using ornamental plants to improve air quality in cities. It discusses the importance of air quality to human and plant health, sources and types of air pollution, effects of air pollution on people and plants, and criteria for selecting plant species well-suited for controlling urban air pollution. It provides examples of research assessing how urban trees and greenery remove air pollutants. The document concludes that strategic planting of indigenous, pollution-tolerant species can help clean the air and create healthier urban environments.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The document discusses air quality related issues and the causes and effects of air pollution. It provides background on key topics like what is air pollution, common air pollutants, and air quality indices. It then examines global issues like the haze problems in Southeast Asia countries. Local issues in Malaysia are also discussed such as the 2013 haze episode and its health and economic impacts. Studies on the health risks of air pollution in Klang Valley and CO2 emissions in Malaysia are summarized. The document concludes that both global and local factors contribute to air pollution, which affects health, education, and economies.
This document analyzes highway air pollution in Chennai, India. It aims to quantify the total number of vehicles, estimate road traffic and pollution loads, and compare measured and predicted carbon monoxide concentrations. The study finds that traffic is growing rapidly in Indian cities, leading to increased air pollution from vehicle exhaust. It measures ambient levels of pollutants like CO, HC, NOx, SO2 and SPM at various locations. The CALINE 4 model is used to predict CO concentrations, which are then statistically compared to observed values. The results help assess the impact of vehicular emissions on air quality and inform pollution management efforts.
This document provides an introduction to air pollution. It discusses how air pollution occurs when air contains harmful substances from natural and human sources, like vehicle and industrial emissions. It also describes some key air pollutants like particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides that are the focus of the document. Studies have found air pollution levels exceeding WHO standards in many Indian and other Asian cities due to factors like rapid urbanization and industrialization.
Seasonal Air Pollution Variation in Delhi (2019): A Case Study using by the G...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on seasonal air pollution variation in Delhi, India in 2019. The study analyzed data from 39 air quality monitoring stations in Delhi to examine concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, O3, and CO. Pollution levels were generally higher in winter compared to monsoon season due to factors like agricultural stubble burning, vehicle emissions, and weather phenomena like fog and mist. Using an air quality index, the study found pollution levels in winter ranged from satisfactory to severe, while monsoon levels ranged from good to satisfactory. Pollution levels tended to be higher on weekday working days compared to weekends.
Study and Analysis of Air Pollution Quality in Lucknow CityIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study of air pollution in Lucknow City, India. Air quality was measured at 9 locations in April-May 2022, including residential, commercial, and industrial areas. Levels of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and sound were found to exceed national standards. Vehicle emissions, industry, construction, waste burning, and other factors are contributing to increased air pollution in the growing city. Regular monitoring is needed to understand pollution sources and implement effective reduction strategies to address Lucknow's air quality problems.
The document discusses air pollution in Bangladesh. It states that Bangladesh has the 4th worst air quality out of 92 countries according to the WHO. Air pollution kills an estimated 15,000 Bangladeshis each year. In rural areas, brick kilns and cooking stoves are major polluters, while in cities industrial emissions and vehicles are primary sources of pollution. Common air pollutants in Bangladesh include particulate matter from traffic jams and industrial emissions. Air pollution causes many health and environmental issues for Bangladeshis. Efforts are needed to control air pollution in the country.
Analysis Of A Severe Air Pollution Episode In India During Diwali Festival ...Emily Smith
This document analyzes a severe air pollution episode in India during Diwali in late October and November 2016. Air quality index was observed to vary from poor to severe in northern and western India, but was satisfactory to moderate in the south and east. The causes of high pollution levels were examined. Fireworks during Diwali contributed to increased particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and benzene levels in New Delhi, Lucknow, Jaipur and Ahmedabad on Diwali day compared to before and after. Prolonged high pollution in many areas also indicated the importance of biomass burning across India apart from Diwali effects on air quality.
Estimation of atmospheric mercury emission inventory in Tehran provinceMohammadaminVahidi
In this study, atmospheric mercury emission inventory was estimated from various anthropogenic sources of emission in Tehran province, including stationary, mobile and also, natural sources. The mercury emission factors from different sources were obtained using the United Nations Environment Programme, the United States Environmental Protection Agency AP-42 and related papers. Twelve mercury emission stationary point sources including power plants, cement factories, oil refinery and municipal solid waste in Tehran province were considered, as the total amount of mercury released into the air from these sources was estimated at 405.3 kg/year. To estimate the atmospheric mercury emissions from stationary area sources, the amount of fuel consumed by the activity of power plants, cement factories and oil refinery has been deducted from the total amount of fuel consumed in Tehran province, and according to the type of fuel consumed, this amount was estimated at 97.2 kg/year. Other stationary area sources considered in this study include the brick manufacturing, the use of mercury-containing lamps, the use of mercury in dental treatment and thermometers and the total atmospheric mercury emission from these sources was estimated at 120.1 kg/year. The amount of atmospheric mercury emission from mobile sources was estimated at 46.4 kg/year. The atmospheric mercury emission from natural sources are based on the surface type, which includes impervious surfaces such as pavements and permeable surfaces such as soils, was estimated at 434.1 kg/year of mercury emitted into the air. The total atmospheric mercury emission in Tehran province was estimated at 780.1 kg/year.
The document discusses aerosols and their effects. It provides information on:
1. What aerosols are, including their natural and anthropogenic sources. Aerosols can affect climate directly by scattering and absorbing radiation, and indirectly by altering cloud properties.
2. The health impacts of aerosols, as they are a major component of smog. Epidemiological studies have shown correlations between elevated aerosol levels and increased mortality, hospital visits, and excess infant mortality.
3. The effects of black carbon aerosols specifically. Black carbon warms the atmosphere through absorption of sunlight and contributes to melting of snow and ice when deposited on their surfaces. It may be responsible for up to 40
The document discusses aerosols and their effects. It provides information on:
1) What aerosols are, including their natural and anthropogenic sources. Aerosols can affect climate directly by scattering and absorbing radiation, and indirectly by altering cloud properties.
2) The health impacts of aerosols, as they are a major component of smog. Epidemiological studies have shown correlations between elevated aerosol levels and increased mortality, hospital visits, and excess infant mortality.
3) The effects of black carbon aerosols specifically. Black carbon warms the atmosphere through absorption of sunlight and contributes to melting of snow and ice when deposited on their surfaces. It may be responsible for up to 40
The document discusses aerosols and their effects. It provides information on:
1. What aerosols are, including their natural and anthropogenic sources. Aerosols can affect climate, cloud formation, chemistry, and health.
2. The health effects of aerosols, including increased mortality from exposure to particulate air pollution and effects on respiratory health.
3. The impacts of black carbon aerosols specifically, including their role in global warming through absorption of sunlight, melting of snow and ice by lowering albedo, and effects on visibility and air quality.
Heavy metal-contamination-in-solid-aerosols-and-top-soils-of-faisalabad-envio...Ijcem Journal
This document summarizes a study analyzing heavy metal contamination in solid aerosols and top soils in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to analyze samples of solid aerosols and soils from 50 sites for levels of cadmium, copper, zinc and lead. The study found elevated levels of cadmium and lead in solid aerosols, and all four metals in soils, with concentrations highest in industrial and commercial areas. Statistical analysis showed significant variability between sites. The authors conclude that various industries are contributing heavy metals to the local environment and negatively impacting human health.
Environmental health Effect and Air Pollution from cigarette smokers in Cross...IOSR Journals
This document summarizes a study assessing air pollution and environmental health effects from cigarette smokers in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study distributed questionnaires to over 87,000 men across the state's 18 local government areas, finding that the number of smokers ranged from around 4,000 to over 6,000 per area. The average number of cigarettes consumed per day varied significantly between areas but was generally between 12-30 cigarettes. The study also interviewed patients and found high numbers of people suffering from diseases linked to smoking like lung cancer, heart attacks, and strokes. In conclusion, the data collected suggests that cigarette smoking is a major contributor to air pollution and negative health effects in Cross River State.
Air Pollution: Ways to tackle it in India vs other countriesUnnati Garg
Presentation on Air Pollution: Ways to tackle it in India vs other countries. It includes the causes of air pollution and ways to eradicate it used by India and other countries.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
Air Pollution A Case Study Of Ilorin And Lagos Outdoor AirErica Thompson
This document summarizes a study on air pollution in Ilorin and Lagos, Nigeria. The study analyzed data on ozone, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide collected from multiple monitoring sites in both cities from 2003-2006. Statistical analysis techniques like principal component analysis were used to identify pollution sources and trends. Meteorological data was also considered to establish prediction models for how weather influences seasonal variations in pollutant concentrations. The aim was to compare measured and modeled values to better understand air quality in the two cities.
Air Pollution A Case Study Of Ilorin And Lagos Outdoor AirSara Perez
This document summarizes a study on air pollution in Ilorin and Lagos, Nigeria. The study analyzed data on ozone, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide collected from multiple monitoring sites in both cities from 2003-2006. Statistical analysis techniques like principal component analysis were used to identify pollution sources and trends. Regression models were also used to predict the influence of meteorological factors on pollutant concentrations and establish seasonal variations. The goal was to compare measured and modeled pollutant values to better understand air quality in the two cities.
Alonzo_Cristian. D. _concept paper.docxCRISTANALONZO
This document presents a concept paper for a study on the impact of air pollution in the Municipality of Maayon. The study aims to understand how air pollution negatively impacts human health by describing how it leads to illness in people of all ages. The paper provides background on air pollution as one of the world's largest environmental health threats. It discusses air quality issues in the Philippines and the goal of using a descriptive survey method to understand the general picture of air pollution's impact in Maayon. The study aims to address questions on air pollution's effects on different age groups and its potential to cause severe diseases and death.
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