AEFI : Hazards of Immunisation
•
5 likes•3,763 views
This slide is about the " Adverse Effect Following Immunization" presented in the class of second professional (Community Medicine), BUMS, GTCH, Patna
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Epidemiology & prevention of tuberculosis
India is the highest TB burden country in the world & accounts for nearly 1/5th (20 per cent) of global burden of tuberculosis, 2/3rd of cases in SEAR. Every year approximately 1.8 million persons develop tuberculosis, of which about 0.8 million are new smear positive highly'- infectious cases.Annual risk of becoming infected with TB is 1.5 % and once infected there is 10 % life-time risk of developing TB disease
Unit 1 - Introduction to Public Health Administration & Management (BPH 306.2...
Public health administration focuses on managing healthcare systems and programs to improve community health. It involves administering policies and resources, and driving positive change. Studies in the field concentrate on management skills, healthcare systems, and applying concepts to public health settings. Challenges include strengthening governance and ensuring efficient organization. Public health administrators oversee staff, programs, budgets, and performance in facilities like hospitals and government agencies.
Demography, demographic cycle and family planning methods
Demography is the scientific study of human populations and focuses on changes in population size, composition, and distribution. It examines demographic cycles that populations experience as birth and death rates fluctuate. Family planning aims to regulate fertility and control population growth through temporary and permanent contraceptive methods. Temporary methods include natural family planning techniques as well as barrier methods like condoms and diaphragms, and chemical methods like pills and foams. Permanent sterilization procedures are also discussed.
National immunization schedule
The document outlines India's national immunization schedule, including the recommended ages, immunization agents, number of doses, and routes of administration for infants, children, pregnant women, and booster doses. It recommends vaccines for diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, BCG, measles, and typhoid at various stages from 6 weeks to 16 years. The schedule aims to provide protective immunity from vaccine-preventable diseases according to age-appropriate guidelines.
Epidemiology of communicable diseases
Disease is the result of forces within a dynamic system called an “epidemiological triad” which consisting of: agent, host and environment.
Epidemiology meaning, scope & terminology
This document defines epidemiology and discusses key related concepts. It begins by defining epidemiology as "the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations." It then discusses key epidemiological terms like distribution, determinants, frequency, pattern, and the aims of epidemiology. The history of epidemiology is also summarized, highlighting the contributions of John Snow in identifying the water source of a cholera outbreak and Hippocrates' focus on environmental influences. Uses of epidemiology are listed as studying disease trends, planning health services, and searching for disease causes.
Modes of intervention
This ppt contains all the information about the Modes of intervention. It is useful for students of the medical field learning Preventive and social medicine, Swasthavritta (Ayurved), and everyone who is interested in knowing about it
Imr
Infant mortality in India has decreased significantly from 204 per 1000 live births in 1911-1915 to 41 per 1000 live births in 2012. However, rates still vary greatly between states, with Madhya Pradesh having an IMR of 56 and Kerala only 12. Biological factors like low birth weight, young or older maternal age, high fertility, and cultural factors like breastfeeding practices, maternal education, and access to healthcare impact infant mortality rates. Preventive measures include improving prenatal nutrition and sanitation, promoting breastfeeding and growth monitoring, increasing access to primary healthcare and education, and encouraging family planning.
Recommended
Epidemiology & prevention of tuberculosis
India is the highest TB burden country in the world & accounts for nearly 1/5th (20 per cent) of global burden of tuberculosis, 2/3rd of cases in SEAR. Every year approximately 1.8 million persons develop tuberculosis, of which about 0.8 million are new smear positive highly'- infectious cases.Annual risk of becoming infected with TB is 1.5 % and once infected there is 10 % life-time risk of developing TB disease
Unit 1 - Introduction to Public Health Administration & Management (BPH 306.2...
Public health administration focuses on managing healthcare systems and programs to improve community health. It involves administering policies and resources, and driving positive change. Studies in the field concentrate on management skills, healthcare systems, and applying concepts to public health settings. Challenges include strengthening governance and ensuring efficient organization. Public health administrators oversee staff, programs, budgets, and performance in facilities like hospitals and government agencies.
Demography, demographic cycle and family planning methods
Demography is the scientific study of human populations and focuses on changes in population size, composition, and distribution. It examines demographic cycles that populations experience as birth and death rates fluctuate. Family planning aims to regulate fertility and control population growth through temporary and permanent contraceptive methods. Temporary methods include natural family planning techniques as well as barrier methods like condoms and diaphragms, and chemical methods like pills and foams. Permanent sterilization procedures are also discussed.
National immunization schedule
The document outlines India's national immunization schedule, including the recommended ages, immunization agents, number of doses, and routes of administration for infants, children, pregnant women, and booster doses. It recommends vaccines for diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, BCG, measles, and typhoid at various stages from 6 weeks to 16 years. The schedule aims to provide protective immunity from vaccine-preventable diseases according to age-appropriate guidelines.
Epidemiology of communicable diseases
Disease is the result of forces within a dynamic system called an “epidemiological triad” which consisting of: agent, host and environment.
Epidemiology meaning, scope & terminology
This document defines epidemiology and discusses key related concepts. It begins by defining epidemiology as "the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations." It then discusses key epidemiological terms like distribution, determinants, frequency, pattern, and the aims of epidemiology. The history of epidemiology is also summarized, highlighting the contributions of John Snow in identifying the water source of a cholera outbreak and Hippocrates' focus on environmental influences. Uses of epidemiology are listed as studying disease trends, planning health services, and searching for disease causes.
Modes of intervention
This ppt contains all the information about the Modes of intervention. It is useful for students of the medical field learning Preventive and social medicine, Swasthavritta (Ayurved), and everyone who is interested in knowing about it
Imr
Infant mortality in India has decreased significantly from 204 per 1000 live births in 1911-1915 to 41 per 1000 live births in 2012. However, rates still vary greatly between states, with Madhya Pradesh having an IMR of 56 and Kerala only 12. Biological factors like low birth weight, young or older maternal age, high fertility, and cultural factors like breastfeeding practices, maternal education, and access to healthcare impact infant mortality rates. Preventive measures include improving prenatal nutrition and sanitation, promoting breastfeeding and growth monitoring, increasing access to primary healthcare and education, and encouraging family planning.
Epidemiological methods
This document discusses epidemiological methods for studying the distribution and determinants of health events and applying that knowledge to disease control. It defines descriptive epidemiology as the study of disease occurrence, distribution, and patterns in populations. Descriptive methods are observational and can be cross-sectional or longitudinal. Descriptive epidemiology provides insights into disease frequency, trends, and risk factors to inform public health planning and resource allocation.
Iceberg concept of disease
The document discusses the iceberg phenomenon, which describes a situation where a large percentage of a problem is hidden from view. Only a small "tip of the iceberg" is apparent. It provides examples of diagnosed, undiagnosed, and wrongly diagnosed diseases as well as risk factors. Several factors can determine the size of a disease iceberg, including agent, host, and environmental factors. The iceberg concept can be useful for detecting subclinical cases, controlling disease, and understanding the natural history of disease. It also discusses how the iceberg concept can be applied to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies.
Natural history & spectrum of diseases
Natural history of disease describes the typical course a disease takes from exposure to outcome without treatment intervention. It includes induction time, incubation period, latency, stages of subclinical and clinical disease, and possible outcomes of recovery, disability, or death. Spectrum of disease refers to the full range of manifestations a disease can take in a population from precursor to severe states depending on interactions between host, agent, and environment factors. Studying natural history and spectrum is important for disease prevention by identifying appropriate intervention stages.
Concepts of Screening for disease
This document discusses screening and the "iceberg phenomenon of disease". It defines screening as testing apparently healthy individuals to detect unrecognized disease. Much disease exists below the surface, including subclinical cases, carriers, and undiagnosed cases, constituting a large reservoir of undiagnosed disease in the community. Effective screening aims to sort healthy from diseased individuals to provide early treatment and control disease prevalence. Screening tests should be accurate, cost-effective, and acceptable while balancing risks and benefits.
National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme
National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme
Includes control programme for Malaria, Filaria, Dengue, JE, Chikungunya and Kalazar
Management of an epidemic
This document discusses epidemics and their management. It defines epidemics and outlines three types: common source, propagated, and slow or modern. The severity of an epidemic depends on environmental conditions, host population characteristics, and human behavior. Managing epidemics involves forecasting, investigating, controlling, and preventing future occurrences. Forecasting allows preparation, while investigation identifies causes and transmission. Control relies on removing infection sources and preventing transmission. Prevention emphasizes hygiene, vaccination, and environmental measures. Preparedness is key to effectively managing epidemics.
Screening for Diseases
The document discusses key concepts related to screening in preventive medicine. It defines screening as tests or examinations applied to apparently healthy individuals to detect disease in early stages. The biggest challenges are distinguishing individuals with and without disease given many diseases exist on a spectrum. An ideal screening test is inexpensive, easy to use, acceptable, valid, reliable and has high yield. The criteria for screening include the disease being an important health problem with a long preclinical stage and treatability. Screening programs must be continually evaluated to ensure benefits outweigh costs.
Basic concepts and principles of epidemiology
Epidemiology is the study of disease distribution and determinants in populations. Descriptive epidemiology involves describing disease patterns, while analytical epidemiology tests hypotheses about disease determinants. A case-control study compares exposures in individuals with (cases) and without (controls) a disease to identify potential risk factors. It proceeds backwards from effect to cause by first identifying cases and then finding controls to measure past exposures, which are then analyzed using measures like odds ratios.
Screening
Screening tests are used to detect disease or risk of disease in asymptomatic individuals. They differ from diagnostic tests in that they are used on large populations rather than single individuals, are less accurate, and are not conclusive. The main purposes of screening are to reduce disease burden and identify high-risk groups. Successful screening programs require diseases that are a high public health concern, reliable and acceptable tests, and availability of appropriate treatment. Sensitivity measures the test's ability to correctly identify those with disease, while specificity measures its ability to correctly identify those without disease. Risks of screening include false positives which can cause anxiety, and false negatives which can delay diagnosis and treatment.
Aims, Objective, Concept of Screening
This document discusses the concept, aims, and objectives of screening. Screening is defined as using a strategy in an apparently healthy population to identify unrecognized disease. The purpose of screening is to detect early disease or risk factors for disease in many individuals. The basic aims of screening are to sort people into those likely to have a disease and bring abnormal individuals for medical supervision and treatment. Some key objectives are to detect outbreaks, identify undiagnosed cases, and monitor health trends in a target population. Screening differs from regular health exams in being widely applicable, inexpensive, and requiring less physician time.
Siickness Abscenteesm
This document discusses sickness absence and its relationship to illness and disease. It defines illness, disease, and sickness and notes that sickness absence rates in India have increased from 8-13% in the early 1950s to 15-20% in recent years. Individual, work-related, and non-work factors can influence sickness absence. Absenteeism can be voluntary or involuntary and has several causes. High absenteeism negatively impacts productivity and costs. Various approaches can be used to control absenteeism, including disciplinary action, positive reinforcement, and paid time-off programs. Effective absence management aims to create work environments where employees feel less inclined to miss work.
Monitoring and Surveillance
Monitoring and SurveillanceObli Rajendran VinodhKumar, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly
This document discusses and compares monitoring and surveillance in veterinary epidemiology. It defines surveillance as a more intensive form of monitoring that involves the gathering, analysis, and dissemination of disease data to support control actions. The key differences provided are that surveillance requires professional analysis and judgment to make recommendations, has formulated standards, and can differentiate between acceptable and unacceptable changes in disease status. Various types of surveillance systems and their uses in disease control planning and evaluation are also outlined.National health programme
This document summarizes several national health programs in India, including: the National Vector Borne Diseases Control Programme, Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme, National Leprosy Eradication Programme, National AIDS Control Programme, and others focused on malaria, filaria, Japanese encephalitis, chikungunya, dengue, blindness prevention, and reproductive and child health. It provides details on the objectives, strategies, and organization of implementation for many of these public health initiatives.
Indicators of health
This document discusses indicators of health. It begins by defining indicators of health as variables that can directly measure the health status of a community. It then describes the characteristics indicators should have, such as being valid, reliable, and sensitive. The document outlines the different uses of indicators, including to measure health status, compare communities, and evaluate health services. It also discusses the various sources of health data and provides examples of how indicators are classified, such as mortality, morbidity, and nutritional indicators. In closing, the document emphasizes that indicators help measure health objectives and priorities.
Immunising agents
Vaccines, immunoglobulins, and antisera are immunizing agents that can provide active or passive immunity. Vaccines contain weakened or killed disease antigens that stimulate antibody production. The first vaccine was for smallpox developed by Edward Jenner. There are live, killed, subunit, and combination vaccines. Immunoglobulins provide instant but temporary immunity and include normal and specific human immunoglobulins. Antisera are immunoglobulins from immunized animals that provide short term immunity for diseases like tetanus and rabies.
Prevention of occupational diseases
This document outlines three approaches to preventing occupational diseases: medical measures, engineering controls, and legislation. Medical measures include pre-placement exams, periodic exams, health services, notifications, supervision of work environments, record keeping, and health education. Engineering controls involve building design, housekeeping, ventilation, mechanization, substitution of harmful materials, controlling dust, enclosure, isolation, and use of protective devices. Legislation measures provide legal protections and benefits to workers through various Indian labor laws governing factors like work hours, wages, leave, and medical/disability benefits.
Occupational Diseases (Part 4) - Sickness Absenteeism
Contains info on the sickness absenteesim on working employees and also inculded info on The Factories Act 1948
National leprosy eradication program
The National Leprosy Eradication Program (NLEP) in India aims to eliminate leprosy through early case detection and treatment. It provides free diagnosis and multi-drug therapy for leprosy patients. Major activities include case detection, disability prevention, awareness campaigns, and training of health workers. The global strategy for 2016-2020 aims for zero disabilities among new cases and less than 1 case of visible deformity per million people. New initiatives under NLEP include preventive treatment for contacts, a leprosy vaccine, a quarterly newsletter, GIS mapping of cases, and the SPARSH awareness campaign. The program focuses on eliminating leprosy nationwide through comprehensive care and community engagement.
Modes of transmission
This ppt contains all the information about Modes of disease transmission. It is useful for students of the medical field learning Preventive and social medicine, Swasthavritta (Ayurved), and everyone who is interested in knowing about it
Vector borne disease
Vector borne diseases are caused by pathogens transmitted via the bite or contact with arthropods like insects and arachnids. The document outlines the major vector borne diseases according to the type of vector, including mosquito-borne diseases like malaria and dengue, fly-borne diseases such as African sleeping sickness, lice-borne typhus, flea-borne plague, and tick-borne Rocky Mountain spotted fever and Lyme disease. It provides details on the causative agents, hosts, methods of transmission, symptoms, and control measures for many of these important diseases.
Vaccination
This slide is about the " Vaccination " presented in the class of second professional (Community Medicine), BUMS, GTCH, Patna
Immunity : Host Defence
This slide is about the " Immunity " presented in the class of second professional (Community Medicine), BUMS, GTCH, Patna
More Related Content
What's hot
Epidemiological methods
This document discusses epidemiological methods for studying the distribution and determinants of health events and applying that knowledge to disease control. It defines descriptive epidemiology as the study of disease occurrence, distribution, and patterns in populations. Descriptive methods are observational and can be cross-sectional or longitudinal. Descriptive epidemiology provides insights into disease frequency, trends, and risk factors to inform public health planning and resource allocation.
Iceberg concept of disease
The document discusses the iceberg phenomenon, which describes a situation where a large percentage of a problem is hidden from view. Only a small "tip of the iceberg" is apparent. It provides examples of diagnosed, undiagnosed, and wrongly diagnosed diseases as well as risk factors. Several factors can determine the size of a disease iceberg, including agent, host, and environmental factors. The iceberg concept can be useful for detecting subclinical cases, controlling disease, and understanding the natural history of disease. It also discusses how the iceberg concept can be applied to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies.
Natural history & spectrum of diseases
Natural history of disease describes the typical course a disease takes from exposure to outcome without treatment intervention. It includes induction time, incubation period, latency, stages of subclinical and clinical disease, and possible outcomes of recovery, disability, or death. Spectrum of disease refers to the full range of manifestations a disease can take in a population from precursor to severe states depending on interactions between host, agent, and environment factors. Studying natural history and spectrum is important for disease prevention by identifying appropriate intervention stages.
Concepts of Screening for disease
This document discusses screening and the "iceberg phenomenon of disease". It defines screening as testing apparently healthy individuals to detect unrecognized disease. Much disease exists below the surface, including subclinical cases, carriers, and undiagnosed cases, constituting a large reservoir of undiagnosed disease in the community. Effective screening aims to sort healthy from diseased individuals to provide early treatment and control disease prevalence. Screening tests should be accurate, cost-effective, and acceptable while balancing risks and benefits.
National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme
National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme
Includes control programme for Malaria, Filaria, Dengue, JE, Chikungunya and Kalazar
Management of an epidemic
This document discusses epidemics and their management. It defines epidemics and outlines three types: common source, propagated, and slow or modern. The severity of an epidemic depends on environmental conditions, host population characteristics, and human behavior. Managing epidemics involves forecasting, investigating, controlling, and preventing future occurrences. Forecasting allows preparation, while investigation identifies causes and transmission. Control relies on removing infection sources and preventing transmission. Prevention emphasizes hygiene, vaccination, and environmental measures. Preparedness is key to effectively managing epidemics.
Screening for Diseases
The document discusses key concepts related to screening in preventive medicine. It defines screening as tests or examinations applied to apparently healthy individuals to detect disease in early stages. The biggest challenges are distinguishing individuals with and without disease given many diseases exist on a spectrum. An ideal screening test is inexpensive, easy to use, acceptable, valid, reliable and has high yield. The criteria for screening include the disease being an important health problem with a long preclinical stage and treatability. Screening programs must be continually evaluated to ensure benefits outweigh costs.
Basic concepts and principles of epidemiology
Epidemiology is the study of disease distribution and determinants in populations. Descriptive epidemiology involves describing disease patterns, while analytical epidemiology tests hypotheses about disease determinants. A case-control study compares exposures in individuals with (cases) and without (controls) a disease to identify potential risk factors. It proceeds backwards from effect to cause by first identifying cases and then finding controls to measure past exposures, which are then analyzed using measures like odds ratios.
Screening
Screening tests are used to detect disease or risk of disease in asymptomatic individuals. They differ from diagnostic tests in that they are used on large populations rather than single individuals, are less accurate, and are not conclusive. The main purposes of screening are to reduce disease burden and identify high-risk groups. Successful screening programs require diseases that are a high public health concern, reliable and acceptable tests, and availability of appropriate treatment. Sensitivity measures the test's ability to correctly identify those with disease, while specificity measures its ability to correctly identify those without disease. Risks of screening include false positives which can cause anxiety, and false negatives which can delay diagnosis and treatment.
Aims, Objective, Concept of Screening
This document discusses the concept, aims, and objectives of screening. Screening is defined as using a strategy in an apparently healthy population to identify unrecognized disease. The purpose of screening is to detect early disease or risk factors for disease in many individuals. The basic aims of screening are to sort people into those likely to have a disease and bring abnormal individuals for medical supervision and treatment. Some key objectives are to detect outbreaks, identify undiagnosed cases, and monitor health trends in a target population. Screening differs from regular health exams in being widely applicable, inexpensive, and requiring less physician time.
Siickness Abscenteesm
This document discusses sickness absence and its relationship to illness and disease. It defines illness, disease, and sickness and notes that sickness absence rates in India have increased from 8-13% in the early 1950s to 15-20% in recent years. Individual, work-related, and non-work factors can influence sickness absence. Absenteeism can be voluntary or involuntary and has several causes. High absenteeism negatively impacts productivity and costs. Various approaches can be used to control absenteeism, including disciplinary action, positive reinforcement, and paid time-off programs. Effective absence management aims to create work environments where employees feel less inclined to miss work.
Monitoring and Surveillance
Monitoring and SurveillanceObli Rajendran VinodhKumar, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly
This document discusses and compares monitoring and surveillance in veterinary epidemiology. It defines surveillance as a more intensive form of monitoring that involves the gathering, analysis, and dissemination of disease data to support control actions. The key differences provided are that surveillance requires professional analysis and judgment to make recommendations, has formulated standards, and can differentiate between acceptable and unacceptable changes in disease status. Various types of surveillance systems and their uses in disease control planning and evaluation are also outlined.National health programme
This document summarizes several national health programs in India, including: the National Vector Borne Diseases Control Programme, Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme, National Leprosy Eradication Programme, National AIDS Control Programme, and others focused on malaria, filaria, Japanese encephalitis, chikungunya, dengue, blindness prevention, and reproductive and child health. It provides details on the objectives, strategies, and organization of implementation for many of these public health initiatives.
Indicators of health
This document discusses indicators of health. It begins by defining indicators of health as variables that can directly measure the health status of a community. It then describes the characteristics indicators should have, such as being valid, reliable, and sensitive. The document outlines the different uses of indicators, including to measure health status, compare communities, and evaluate health services. It also discusses the various sources of health data and provides examples of how indicators are classified, such as mortality, morbidity, and nutritional indicators. In closing, the document emphasizes that indicators help measure health objectives and priorities.
Immunising agents
Vaccines, immunoglobulins, and antisera are immunizing agents that can provide active or passive immunity. Vaccines contain weakened or killed disease antigens that stimulate antibody production. The first vaccine was for smallpox developed by Edward Jenner. There are live, killed, subunit, and combination vaccines. Immunoglobulins provide instant but temporary immunity and include normal and specific human immunoglobulins. Antisera are immunoglobulins from immunized animals that provide short term immunity for diseases like tetanus and rabies.
Prevention of occupational diseases
This document outlines three approaches to preventing occupational diseases: medical measures, engineering controls, and legislation. Medical measures include pre-placement exams, periodic exams, health services, notifications, supervision of work environments, record keeping, and health education. Engineering controls involve building design, housekeeping, ventilation, mechanization, substitution of harmful materials, controlling dust, enclosure, isolation, and use of protective devices. Legislation measures provide legal protections and benefits to workers through various Indian labor laws governing factors like work hours, wages, leave, and medical/disability benefits.
Occupational Diseases (Part 4) - Sickness Absenteeism
Contains info on the sickness absenteesim on working employees and also inculded info on The Factories Act 1948
National leprosy eradication program
The National Leprosy Eradication Program (NLEP) in India aims to eliminate leprosy through early case detection and treatment. It provides free diagnosis and multi-drug therapy for leprosy patients. Major activities include case detection, disability prevention, awareness campaigns, and training of health workers. The global strategy for 2016-2020 aims for zero disabilities among new cases and less than 1 case of visible deformity per million people. New initiatives under NLEP include preventive treatment for contacts, a leprosy vaccine, a quarterly newsletter, GIS mapping of cases, and the SPARSH awareness campaign. The program focuses on eliminating leprosy nationwide through comprehensive care and community engagement.
Modes of transmission
This ppt contains all the information about Modes of disease transmission. It is useful for students of the medical field learning Preventive and social medicine, Swasthavritta (Ayurved), and everyone who is interested in knowing about it
Vector borne disease
Vector borne diseases are caused by pathogens transmitted via the bite or contact with arthropods like insects and arachnids. The document outlines the major vector borne diseases according to the type of vector, including mosquito-borne diseases like malaria and dengue, fly-borne diseases such as African sleeping sickness, lice-borne typhus, flea-borne plague, and tick-borne Rocky Mountain spotted fever and Lyme disease. It provides details on the causative agents, hosts, methods of transmission, symptoms, and control measures for many of these important diseases.
What's hot (20)
Occupational Diseases (Part 4) - Sickness Absenteeism
Occupational Diseases (Part 4) - Sickness Absenteeism
More from Md Tanwir Alam, MD
Vaccination
This slide is about the " Vaccination " presented in the class of second professional (Community Medicine), BUMS, GTCH, Patna
Immunity : Host Defence
This slide is about the " Immunity " presented in the class of second professional (Community Medicine), BUMS, GTCH, Patna
Infection
This slide is about the " Infection " presented in the class of second professional (Community Medicine), BUMS, GTCH, Patna
Municipal sewage disposal plant
This document discusses sewage treatment and provides details on various stages of sewage treatment processes. It describes:
- The composition of sewage, including that it is 90% water and contains organic and inorganic solids. Untreated sewage can cause health and environmental issues.
- The goals of sewage treatment which are to purify sewage water so it can be safely disposed of in rivers, lands or seas without causing pollution or health problems.
- The primary treatment stages of screening, grit removal and primary sedimentation to remove solids.
- The secondary treatment methods of trickling filters and activated sludge processes which use aerobic bacteria to break down organic matter.
- Final treatment
Disposal of waste
This slide is about the " Disposal of wastes" presented in the class of second professional (Community Medicine), BUMS, GTCH, Patna
Disinfection and Sterilisation
This slide is about the " Disinfection & Sterilisation" presented in the class of second professional (Community Medicine), BUMS, GTCH, Patna
Cold chain
This slide is about the " Cold Chain" presented in the class of second professional (Community Medicine), BUMS, GTCH, Patna
Concept of health : Introduction
The document discusses various concepts and dimensions of health. It defines health according to different perspectives such as medical professionals and organizations. Health is a complex, multidimensional concept involving physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being. The World Health Organization defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not just the absence of disease. Other topics covered include components of health, determinants of health, concepts of disease, and indicators used to measure population health.
More from Md Tanwir Alam, MD (8)
Recently uploaded
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.LOOPS in orthodontics t loop bull loop vertical loop mushroom loop stop loop
vertical loop
horizontal loop
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS). Parc Taulí. Sabadell
TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd...
TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd Edition by DeMarco, Walsh, Verified Chapters 1 - 25, Complete Newest Version TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd Edition by DeMarco, Walsh, Verified Chapters 1 - 25, Complete Newest Version TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd Edition by DeMarco, Walsh, Verified Chapters 1 - 25, Complete Newest Version Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Stuvia Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Answers Quizlet Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Questions and Answers Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Studocu Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Quizlet Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Stuvia Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Studocu Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Stuvia
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition TEST BANK by Stamler Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Answers Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Stuvia
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Journal Article Review on Rasamanikya
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
vonoprazan A novel drug for GERD presentation
Vonoprazan, a new potassium acid channel blocker used in the conditions of GERD and gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer ....
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
Recently uploaded (20)
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
LOOPS in orthodontics t loop bull loop vertical loop mushroom loop stop loop
LOOPS in orthodontics t loop bull loop vertical loop mushroom loop stop loop
TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd...
TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd...
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
Ear and its clinical correlations By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Ear and its clinical correlations By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
AEFI : Hazards of Immunisation
- 1. Dr Md Tanwir Alam, MD Assistant Professor, Dept. of PCM, Govt. Tibbi College & Hospital, Patna Tanveernium@gmail.com ADVERSE EVENTS FOLLOWING IMMUNIZATION (AEFI)
- 2. No immune response is entirely free from the risk of adverse reactions or remote sequalae. 2tanveernium@gmail.com 24/11/16
- 3. Old term ≈ AEPI 24/11/16tanveernium@gmail.com 3
- 4. ADVERSE EVENTS FOLLOWING IMMUNIZATION 24/11/16tanveernium@gmail.com 4
- 18. Coincidental events ▪ Occasionally – may occur totally unconnected with vaccine ▪ Underlined congenital & neurological condition ▪ Vaccine may shorten the incubation period (and produce disease) of the harbouring disease ▪ Latent infection may converted to clinical attack ▪ e.g., provocative polio after DPT or DT administration against diphtheria). 24/11/16tanveernium@gmail.com 18
- 20. Use of improperly sterilized syringes and needles carry the hazard of hepatitis B virus, and Staphylo - and Streptococcal infection 20tanveernium@gmail.com 24/11/16