ANNUAL POPULATION CHANGE RATE, DOUBLING TIME, MIGRATION PATTERN AND AGE STRUCTURE

1. Annual Population Change RATE, Doubling Time, Migration
Pattern, Age Structure of India
PRESENTED BY
MD ABDUS SALAM
ROLL NO- 17BEDW-15

2. INTRODUCTION
■ India has 2.4 % world land area and 17.5% of world’s population.
■ Present population of India is 1.21 billion
■ Year 1921- “Big divide”
■ India’s population currently increasing at rate of 16 million/year.
■ As per Census 2011, the average annual exponential growth rate is
1.64% in India.
Population projections:
If our population continue to
grow at this rate by 2050
India’s population will be 1.53
billion.

3. ANNUAL POPULATIONCHANGERATE
The trend of annual population growth in India can be studied under the following
four phases-
(l) From 1901 to 1921: Period of Slow or Stagnant Growth
(II) From 1921 to 1951: Period of Steady Growth
(lll) From 1951 to 1981: Period of Rapid or Explosive Growth
(lV) From 1981 to 2011: Period of Declining growth

4. CENSUS YEAR TOTAL
POPULATION
(IN CRORE)
AVERAGE ANNUAL
GROWTH RATE (%)
1901 23.8 +0.11
1911 25.2 +0.56
1921 25.1 -0.03
1931 27.9 +1.04
1941 31.8 +1.33
1951 36.1 +1.25
1961 43.9 +1.96
1971 54.8 +2.20
1981 68.3 +2.22
1991 84.6 +2.16
2001 102.8 +1.97
2011 121.0 +1.64
TRENDS OF POPULATION GROWTH BETWEEN 1901-2011

5. FIG: Population Growth (1901-2011)

6. features OF DIFFERENT PHASES
Period between 1901-1921
 Slow or stagnant growth
 High death rate with high birth rate
 Lack of medical facilities,
malnutrition
 “Great Dividing Line”
 Average annual growth rate -0.03 %
Period between 1921-1951
 Natural growth rate high
 Epidemics and famine partially
controlled
 Improvement in medical facilities
 Death rate decreased
 Birth rate was still high
 Average annual growth rate 1.25%

7. PHASES cont.…
Period between 1951-1981
Rapid or explosive growth
Rapid development work
Improvement and expansion
of health facilities
High birth rate and low
death rate
Annual growth rate 2.2%
Period between 1981-2011
Start in decreasing growth rate
Decrease in birth rate and low
death rate
High living standard, expansion of
education (women education),
urban life style, employment in
secondary and tertiary sector
“Small Family, Happy Family”

8. DOUBLING TIME
■ The number of year it would take a population to double its size as its
current growth rate.
■ This is calculated using the following equation:
Doubling time (DT)=70/% of annual growth rate
■ For example
the annual growth rate of India is 1.64 percent, so it will take
(70/1.64)= 42.68 years for doubling its population.

9. MIGRATIONPATTERN
 The movement of population from one region to another is termed as
migration.
 Migration is commonly of two types: temporary and permanent.
 In India broadly two type of migration pattern is found that is
Intra-state migration
Inter state migration
 These two broad type of migration includes
 RURAL- RURAL
 RURAL-URBAN
 URBAN-RURAL
 URBAN-URBAN

10. MIGRATIONCONT…
INTRA-STATE MIGRATION
 Movement of people within state
 Highest in state of Maharashtra
Example: Migration from Ratnagiri to Mumbai
 Rural to rural: 69.4% (highest)
 Rural to urban: 15.7%
 Urban to urban:9.1%
 Urban to rural: 5.8%
Source: Census 1991

11. INTER-STATE MIGRATION:
 Movement of people beyond the boundaries of state
 Highest in U.P and Bihar
Example: Migration from Patna to Ludhiana or Delhi
 Much smaller than intra state migration due to
increase in distance
 Rural to Rural: 28.4%
 Rural to Urban: 32.8%
 Urban to Rural: 7.2%
 Urban to Urban: 31.6%
 Source: Census 1991
MIGRATIONCONT…

12. AGE STRUCTURE
On the basis of age population may be divided into three classes:
 Young or Adolescents (0-14): 29.7%
 Adults(15-64): 64.8%
 Old (64+): 5.5%

13. AGE STRUCTURE CONT…
YOUNG AGE GROUP (0-14)
 Children below 15years of age
 Economically unproductive and most
expensive need to provide food,
clothing, education etc
 Depend upon second age group
 Burden on the resource
 Biologically non-productive and not
contribute to the increasing population
THE ADULTS (15-64)
 Biologically most reproductive,
economically reproductive,
demographically most mobile,
 Supports the bulk of two age i.e young as
well as old age group

14. THE OLD (64+)
 60 and above as old
 Known as senior citizen
 Includes large number of female,
economically non-productive, biologically
non productive,
 Males remain economically and
biologically reproductive
 Burden upon adult age group
AGE STRUCTURE CONT…