An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb by describing manner, time, place, frequency or degree. There are different types of adverbs including adverbs of manner, time, place, frequency, degree, interrogation, and negation. Adverbs can be placed in initial, mid, or end position within a sentence, with certain adverb types restricted to specific positions. Adverbs are commonly used to make writing more descriptive.

1. ADVERB
An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, and adjective,
or another adverb.

2. An adverb is used to describe the action of a verb
such as How, Where or When it is done.
Examples :
He frowned angrily.
She shouted loudly.
They passed the test easily.

3.  Adverbs are also used to modify adjectives, other adverbs,
a whole sentence and a prepositional phrase.
Examples:
to modify adjectives – She is very excited.
to modify other adverbs – He ran very quickly.
to modify a whole sentence – Actually, we don’t know.
to modify prepositional phrase – The ball flew right
through the window.

4.  Adverbs of manner describe ‘how’
Example : happily, easily, loudly, well
She sings happily.
He shouted loudly.
 Adverbs of time describe ‘when’
Example : soon, then, now, before, since, already
They need the books now.
I lived here before.

5.  Adverbs of place describe ‘where’
Examples : here, there, everywhere, nowhere
I’ve looked everywhere but I can’t find it.
She was here just a few minutes ago.
 Adverbs of degree describe ‘how much’
Examples : almost, much, only, quite, very, rather
Rahim runs much faster than Johari.
He is very good at chess.

6.  Adverbs of frequency describe ‘how often’
Examples : once, twice, again
I once saw a yellow beetle.
I beat the boy twice.
 Adverbs of interrogation are used in questions.
Examples : where?, when?, how?
Where do you stay?
When did he call?
How long is it?

7.  Adverbs of negation.
Examples : no, not
They are not here.
No, I did not see your pen

8.  Adverbs can be placed anywhere in the sentence.
 Initial position ( at the beginning of a sentence or clause )
Soon, he walked out of the class
Suddenly, Jane screamed
 Mid-position
Mrs. Wan often bakes delicious cakes.
I have always enjoyed sentimental music

9. End-position
 Jane screamed suddenly.
 We ended the meeting early.

10.  Most adverbs can fit both mid-position and end-
position
She often falls ill.
She falls ill often.
I completely forgot about it.
I forgot about it completely.

11. Adverbs never place in mid- position.
1. Adverbs of place
She came inside.
2. Adverbs of definite time.
The fire occurred yesterday.
Tomorrow, I shall visit my grandmother

12. 3. Adverbs of definite frequency
This magazine is published monthly.
We practice together daily.
4. Adverbs used to evaluate (to say how well
something is done).
They dance beautifully.
My sister does not cook well.

13.  1. Adverbs never placed in end-position
Examples: only, simply, also, specially, too,
either , as well, particular, definitely,
nearly almost, quite, hardly, scarcely, etc.

14. Mid-position Adverbs
1. Before verbs
We always travel together.
They seldom go to cinema.
2. After ‘is’
Ali is never around when I need him.
The shopping complexes are often crowded
in the evening.

15. 3. After the first auxiliary verbs ( if the verbs has several
parts ).
You will definitely have to return the book to the
library.
My parents have never question me on my decision.
4. Before an auxiliary verbs ( if it used alone ).
I never will. ( to the question ‘ Will you return?’ )
I always did. ( to the question ‘ Did you love him?’ )

16.  5. Adverbs of manner are put after auxiliary verbs .
Don’t worry, it will be well taken care of.
Has it been properly washed.
 6. In emphatic sentences, many adverbs are placed
before the first auxiliary verb.
I really thought he was an honest fellow.
She never has been an easy person to deal with.

17. When adjective ends in –y, the advebs is formed by
replacing final –y with –ily
When adjective ends in –ic, the adverbs is formed by
replacing final –ic with –ically
From an adjective
Happy Happily
Lucky Luckily
From an adjective
Economic Economically
ironic Ironically

18.  Using suitable adverbs will make your writings more
interesting. Look at the example:
VERBS ADVERBS
Act Quickly, suddenly warily, suspiciously, strangely
Apologize Sincerely, humbly, sheepishly
Fall Heavily, suddenly, accidently, weakly, clumsily
Need Badly, immediately, urgently
Sing Loudly, softly, sweetly, tunefully, melodiously
Write Neatly, carelessly, beautifully, legibly

19.  1. Complete these sentence with suitable adverbs.
a) She walked ____________________________.
b) The bird sang __________________________.
c) Take these dirty socks away _______________.
d) She ____________________got killed.
e) They _______________ take the short cut to school.
f) Pradeep is __________________ the first in class.
g)_______________________ are you going home today?

20. 2. Writing out these sentences using the correct from of the
adverbs in brackets.
a) The ( soon ) you finish your work, the ( good ).
b) The children walked ( fast ) than their mother.
c) Karen speaks ( softly ) than anyone I know.
d) I can whistle the ( loud ).
e) He can do sums ( easy ) than any of us.