Highlights the importance of vaccinating older people in the context of an ageing society. Sets out how levels of uptake vary across Europe. And highlights ideas for policy makers on how to increase uptake of adult vaccination
Vaccination in adults - Slideset by Professor Paolo BonanniWAidid
The slideset by professor Paolo Bonanni on vaccination in adults makes an overview on influenza, streptococcus pneumoniae, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), measles, mumps, rubella, varicella and tick borne encephalitis. Where we were and where we are.
Professor Ray Borrow, Head of the Vaccine Evaluation Unit of the Health Protection Agency. Given that prevention in better than cure, Professor Borrow provided an insightful round-up of where we are with vaccination against meningitis and septicaemia. Professor Borrow looked not only at the current vaccine programme in the UK, but also future challenges and vaccination in the developing world, particularly in the sub-Saharan meningitis belt in Africa where disease can affect tens of thousands of people during epidemics years.
Vaccination in adults - Slideset by Professor Paolo BonanniWAidid
The slideset by professor Paolo Bonanni on vaccination in adults makes an overview on influenza, streptococcus pneumoniae, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), measles, mumps, rubella, varicella and tick borne encephalitis. Where we were and where we are.
Professor Ray Borrow, Head of the Vaccine Evaluation Unit of the Health Protection Agency. Given that prevention in better than cure, Professor Borrow provided an insightful round-up of where we are with vaccination against meningitis and septicaemia. Professor Borrow looked not only at the current vaccine programme in the UK, but also future challenges and vaccination in the developing world, particularly in the sub-Saharan meningitis belt in Africa where disease can affect tens of thousands of people during epidemics years.
Influenza vaccine is nothing new . However there are lesser known facts about Influenza vaccine. This is just a humble attempt to highlight a few important points about Influenza vaccine, including some updates.
Burden of Influenza disease worldwide.
Importance of Influenza vaccine in Corona virus pandemic.
Influenza vaccine quadrivalent vs trivalent vaccine.
Split virion vs Subunit influenza vaccine
0.5 ml dose of influenza vaccine below 3 yrs age in children
Northern hemisphere or Southern hemisphere influenza vaccine for India, some suggestions
As in the past, MPCA will again present an immunization update on influenza vaccines. Both Seasonal Flu vaccine and H1N1 flu vaccine will be included in this presentation.
Meningococcal vaccination needed in india may 2017 chd revisedGaurav Gupta
Menactra, Sanofi Pasteur, latest data from India regarding Meningococcal disease, with information regarding need for vaccination in Indian situation for Pediatricians.
Presented in Chandigarh in May 2017
Effectiveness of the Influenza vaccine . Dr. Sharda Jain , Lifecare Cent...Lifecare Centre
Effectiveness of vaccine can be judged in 4 ways
Immunogenicity – i.e. immune response generated in the mother.
Transfer of antibodies to fetus
Clinical efficacy in mother
Clinical efficacy in newborn
( up to 6 months of age )
At the four front of flu vaccination - Quadrivalent Flu Vaccination in India ...Gaurav Gupta
Is flu vaccination needed in India? Is there any benefits of Quadrivalent Flu vaccination over Trivalent Flu vaccination? Any safety & efficacy data about Vaxiflu 4 by Zydus Vaccines. All discussed in a Presentation in Panchkula, in September 2019
Immunization of children with cancer is a burning topic. Not only concerned parents but also paediatric oncologists have so many questions and queries regarding this matter. This presentation will try to answer those questions with the help of recent and updated guidelines on immunization of both developed and developing countries.
Influenza vaccine is nothing new . However there are lesser known facts about Influenza vaccine. This is just a humble attempt to highlight a few important points about Influenza vaccine, including some updates.
Burden of Influenza disease worldwide.
Importance of Influenza vaccine in Corona virus pandemic.
Influenza vaccine quadrivalent vs trivalent vaccine.
Split virion vs Subunit influenza vaccine
0.5 ml dose of influenza vaccine below 3 yrs age in children
Northern hemisphere or Southern hemisphere influenza vaccine for India, some suggestions
As in the past, MPCA will again present an immunization update on influenza vaccines. Both Seasonal Flu vaccine and H1N1 flu vaccine will be included in this presentation.
Meningococcal vaccination needed in india may 2017 chd revisedGaurav Gupta
Menactra, Sanofi Pasteur, latest data from India regarding Meningococcal disease, with information regarding need for vaccination in Indian situation for Pediatricians.
Presented in Chandigarh in May 2017
Effectiveness of the Influenza vaccine . Dr. Sharda Jain , Lifecare Cent...Lifecare Centre
Effectiveness of vaccine can be judged in 4 ways
Immunogenicity – i.e. immune response generated in the mother.
Transfer of antibodies to fetus
Clinical efficacy in mother
Clinical efficacy in newborn
( up to 6 months of age )
At the four front of flu vaccination - Quadrivalent Flu Vaccination in India ...Gaurav Gupta
Is flu vaccination needed in India? Is there any benefits of Quadrivalent Flu vaccination over Trivalent Flu vaccination? Any safety & efficacy data about Vaxiflu 4 by Zydus Vaccines. All discussed in a Presentation in Panchkula, in September 2019
Immunization of children with cancer is a burning topic. Not only concerned parents but also paediatric oncologists have so many questions and queries regarding this matter. This presentation will try to answer those questions with the help of recent and updated guidelines on immunization of both developed and developing countries.
Vaccination is the most effective approach to blocking influenza transmission; therefore annual influenza vaccination for all healthcare personnel (HCPs) is highly recommended. However, it is not mandatory within the VA. In the past several seasons VA HCP vaccination coverage has lagged behind overall nationwide HCP vaccination. The goal of this literature review is to better understand the reasons why the VA has been unsuccessful in its attempts to increase HCP influenza vaccination.
Gavi’s CEO Dr Seth Berkley presents an overview of the Vaccine Alliance’s achievements to the Board on 22 June 2016. Topics include results and challenges in the 2011-2015 period, early progress in implementing the 2016-2020 strategy and the role of immunisation on the global agenda.
Exposing the myth of vaccination essential information you need to know to be...db61
The evidence based science of why vaccines are not safe, why vaccines do not protect us as touted and why vaccines are not the reason for the decrease and elimination of disease. How to strengthen your immune system naturally, breast health-mammograms versus thermography, safe natural cancer cures the FDA is suppressing, amalgam fillings, flouride in the water, pesticides and neurotoxins in our food, GMO's, recommended websites, documentaries and books for further research, High dose liposomal C and Lipospheric C therapy. All work is properly cited and referenced from the FDA, CDC, Pink Book of the CDC, NIH, WHO, PubMed, prestigious journals, top experts in their field, vaccine inserts, material safety data sheet and governments from around the world.
1. MUST WATCH! FREE FOR A SHORT TIME ON YOU TUBE. Full Documentary "Silent Epidemic: The Untold Story Of Vaccines" - slide 143 of Power Point.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K1m3TjokVU4 108 minutes
Opening night of "Silent Epidemic: The Untold Story of Vaccines" on opening night
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WjYaEeMgXZk 34 minute trailer
See all of Gary Nulls Documentaries on Natural Health and Healing -http://www.gnhealthyliving.com/Scripts/pfprod-dvdscds.asp
ORDER YOUR Silent Epidemic: The Untold Story Of Vaccines DVD - http://www.gnhealthylivHng.com/Scripts/pfprodview.asp?idproduct=1222
2. MUST WATCH! How Vaccines Harm Child Brain Development - Dr Russell Blaylock MD. (Neurosurgeon)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7QBcMYqlaDs#t=417 88 minutes
3. MUST WATCH! How the studies that doctors site as evidence are skewed (lied about) in the pharmaceuticals favor
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h-3yrrgkcLY&feature=youtu.be 8 minutes
I go into 3 other ways that the pharmaceuticals twist and distort the truth.
Here are 7 automated funnels: welcome message, thank you message, consumption emails, requested notifications, surveys, cart abandon and birthday special. You can make use of these to understand and give what your subscribers really want.
At an event hosted by the Royal College of Nursing on the 19th November, ILC-UK launched a new report on adult immunisation. We also presented findings of major new research on adult immunisation across Europe which was published by the SAATI coalition in November 2013. The debate considered the findings of the research and explored how policymakers should respond to the challenges highlighted in the new reports.
The report on adult immunisation, 'Immune Response', has been funded through an unrestricted educational grant from Pfizer International Operations.
Download 'Immune Response' here:
http://www.ilcuk.org.uk/index.php/publications/publication_details/immune_response._adult_immunisation_in_the_uk
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
Immunisation in a digital world - Futures WorkshopILC- UK
On Tuesday, 26th June the International Longevity Centre - UK (ILC-UK) hosted a one-day Futures Workshop on immunisation in a digital world in Brussels.
The workshop hosted medical professionals, communications experts, policy makers and technological innovators to discuss how new technologies can help to improve adult immunisation and the barriers to implementation and uptake.
For more information visit http://www.ilcuk.org.uk/index.php/events/immunisation_in_a_digital_world_futures_workshop
Health equals wealth: How can the UK and EU work together towards healthy age...ILC- UK
At this webinar, the Department for International Trade (DIT) and the International Longevity Centre-UK (ILC) explored how the EU and UK can work together on healthy ageing.
Presentation given to MICRA (Manchester Interdisciplinary Collaboration for Research on Ageing) by David Sinclair, Head of Policy and Research at the International Longevity Centre - UK. David argues that Universities must get better at engaging with and influencing policy.
'How can we support older workers?' an ILC-UK European policy debate, support...ILC- UK
Tuesday 3rd September, M&G, Governor’s House, Laurence Pountney Hill, London, EC4R 0HH, 16:00 for a 16:30 start – 18:30
Featuring Steve Webb MP (Minister for Pensions); Christopher Brooks (Age UK) and David Sinclair (ILC-UK), presenting findings from a new policy review of European innovations in supporting longer working lives. Chaired by Baroness Greengross, CEO, ILC-UK and cross-bench peer
Europe needs older workers. Its long-term ageing population and recent economic hardships are creating huge fiscal and demographic pressures - pressures which could be greatly relieved if it can encourage its workers to remain in work for longer.
How is this to be achieved?
The European Union recently launched its Europe 2020 strategy which set employment targets of 75% for workers aged 20-64. However, with the old-age dependency ratio for the EU28 predicted to climb over 50% by 2050, much more still needs to be done.
In this event we will hear UK and EU perspectives on how older workers can be supported, with contributions from Steve Webb MP, the UK Minister for Pensions; and Christopher Brooks (Age UK)
To inform this debate, ILC-UK launched a report at the event, supported by Prudential, which shares key policy approaches being taken across to support older workers.
'How can we support older workers?' an ILC-UK European policy debate, support...ILC- UK
Tuesday 3rd September, M&G, Governor’s House, Laurence Pountney Hill, London, EC4R 0HH, 16:00 for a 16:30 start – 18:30
Featuring Steve Webb MP (Minister for Pensions); Christopher Brooks (Age UK) and David Sinclair (ILC-UK), presenting findings from a new policy review of European innovations in supporting longer working lives. Chaired by Baroness Greengross, CEO, ILC-UK and cross-bench peer
Europe needs older workers. Its long-term ageing population and recent economic hardships are creating huge fiscal and demographic pressures - pressures which could be greatly relieved if it can encourage its workers to remain in work for longer.
How is this to be achieved?
The European Union recently launched its Europe 2020 strategy which set employment targets of 75% for workers aged 20-64. However, with the old-age dependency ratio for the EU28 predicted to climb over 50% by 2050, much more still needs to be done.
In this event we will hear UK and EU perspectives on how older workers can be supported, with contributions from Steve Webb MP, the UK Minister for Pensions; and Christopher Brooks (Age UK)
To inform this debate, ILC-UK launched a report at the event, supported by Prudential, which shares key policy approaches being taken across to support older workers.
Policy briefing launch: Ready to rollout – Improving uptake of routine immuni...ILC- UK
We launched our policy briefing, commissioned by MSD, on improving uptake for routine immunisation across the life course in a post-pandemic UK.
This event was chaired by Shirley Cramer, former CEO of Royal Society for Public Health (RSPH)
Speakers included:
Rt Hon Dr Lisa Cameron MP, Chair of the APPG on Health
Joanne Yarwood, National Immunisation Programme Manager, Public Health England
Dr George Kassianos, National Immunisation Lead, Royal Society of General Practitioners
Rehana Ahmed, Immunisation Commissioning Manager, NHS England
Liam Hanson, Communications and Engagement Officer at ILC and author of the briefing
In many respects, the UK is an international example of best practice when it comes to immunisation, with good vaccine uptake rates and relatively low vaccine hesitancy. In particular, the UK’s COVID-19 vaccination programme has received a very high uptake rate of over 86.6% for the first dose among over-18s as of July 2021.
But we cannot afford to get complacent. The pandemic has further exposed inequalities in immunisation uptake in the UK. For example, uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine is 26% and 15% lower among those who identify as Black Caribbean and Pakistani respectively compared to those identifying as White British. There is also growing concern that routine immunisations will be missed or given less attention post-COVID.
Over the course of this year, ILC have been speaking to experts in immunisation from government and local authorities as well as healthcare professionals to discuss how the delivery of immunisation in the UK could be optimised, in particular through taking a life course approach; utilising data effectively; and getting commissioning right.
At this webinar, we launced a policy briefing with recommendations based on these discussions for the UK healthcare system to improve the uptake of routine immunisation post-pandemic.
On Tuesday, 10 May 2022, the International Longevity Centre UK (ILC) and the Coalition for Life-course Immunisation (CLCI) hosted a webinar on the role immunisation can play in getting tourism moving again in a post-COVID Europe.
The event was chaired by Patrick Swain, Coordinator of the CLCI-ILC alliance.
Speakers included:
Dr Daphné Holt (Chair, CLCI)
Sophia Dimitriadis (Senior Economist, ILC)
Professor Mark Doherty (Senior Manager, Global Medical Affairs, GSK)
Isabel de la Mata (Principal Advisor, Health and Crisis Management, DG SANTE)
Annagrazia Laura (President, European Network for Accessible Tourism)
COVID-19 has demonstrated the threat posed by infectious diseases: over 5 million people have died and $4 trillion could be lost worldwide due to the pandemic’s impact on tourism. Yet immunisation has played an important role in curbing the pandemic: vaccines have saved 470,000 Europeans aged 60+ and many economies are now recovering.
It’s not just COVID-19 vaccines that protect people’s health and the economy. Previous ILC research has shown that flu vaccination can prevent 245,000 cases in over-65s and save almost £29 million in sick days annually. As over-65s account for 23% of tourism nights spent by EU residents, the European travel sector could benefit the most from routine vaccination and healthier ageing populations.
In this webinar, ILC and CLCI showcased their key research findings on the social and economic benefits of vaccination. We were joined by industry experts who shared their views on how vaccines can help Europe’s tourism industry beyond COVID-19.
ILC webinar: Under the microscope: Comparing countries’ experiences of the CO...ILC- UK
COVID-19 has had devastating effects on health systems and economies across the world and has put the importance of the prevention of ill health throughout the life course into sharp focus– from the importance of better pandemic preparedness to the need to promote the overall health of the population.
This ILC webinar is part of our “Delivering prevention in an ageing world” programme.
The panellists presented their country perspectives on how each of their countries have responded to COVID-19 and what we can learn from the pandemic for the prevention agenda going forward.
Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index - Our impactILC- UK
This year, ILC-UK launched the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index. This slide deck summarizes what we’ve achieved so far and sets out our plans for 2024 to continue to shape the agenda on global health.
The best job in the world: A past, and a future in public health John Middleton
A description of my career in public health today including lessons from local, national and international public health and the current COVID-19 pandemic. Presentation for the Coventry University BSc in public health employability course, October 25th 2021.
211025 middleton coventry final
Similar to Adult Vaccination in an ageing society: Immune response (20)
Redefining lifelong learning webinar presentation slides.pptxILC- UK
We know that we’re living longer, which means many people will also be working for longer. One in seven people over 65 are still employed in the UK, but we’re still seeing challenges in our labour markets.
According to the ILC’s Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index, the UK’s work span is only 31.5 years, ranking the UK 47th out of 121 countries. Skills shortages driven by demographic change are hitting all sectors of the UK’s economy: by 2030, we could see a shortage of 2.6 million workers. On the other hand, if UK employment rates for those aged 50 to 64 matched the rates of those aged 35 to 49, the country’s GDP would increase by more than 5%.
One way to improve work span and employment is through lifelong learning. However, in the UK, as the Learning and Work Institute’s Adult Participation in Learning survey showed, rates of learning continue to fall with age. In 2023, only 36% of people aged 55 to 64, 24% of those aged 65 to 74, and 17% of those aged 75 and over said that they’d taken part in any kind of learning in the past three years.
To better understand the approaches in other countries, we consulted with experts in lifelong learning, both from the UK and globally. ILC's report, in collaboration with Phoenix Insights, Redefining lifelong learning: lessons from across the globe considers the approaches taken in Singapore, Japan, South Korea, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden. While each country’s approach is different, and shaped by its wider cultural, political and economic context, there are some common threads including: learning culture; the range of learning opportunities on offer; levels of support and investment; and accessibility
"If only I had"... LV= insights into retirement planning webinarILC- UK
As part of this debate LV= shares the findings from their quarterly Wealth and Wellbeing research programme, which surveys a nationally representative sample of 4,000 adults across the UK on a variety of topics, including their changing attitude to their finances and their wider wellbeing.
Alongside the G20 Health Ministers’ meeting in Gandhinagar, India, in August, ILC-India and ILC-UK held a joint high-level side event to amplify the importance of healthy ageing and prevention among the G20.
Plugging the gap: Estimating the demand and supply of jobs by sector in 2030ILC- UK
The UK economy could see a shortfall of 2.6 million workers by 2030 – almost twice the workforce of the NHS – as a result of population ageing, the COVID pandemic and Brexit.
These shortfalls will affect the whole economy, with manufacturing, retail, construction, transport, health and social care among the sectors projected to be hardest hit.
To plug these gaps, Government must introduce a comprehensive Workforce Strategy looking at:
How to support people to stay in the workforce for longer, e.g. by supporting healthy workplaces, supporting carers and creating flexible conditions that suit people’s needs.
How to ameliorate childcare costs and reintegrate people into the workforce following timeout for caring or a health need
The role of migration and automation in addressing major workforce gaps
Leaving no one behind: Progress on Life Course Immunisation Roundtable – alon...ILC- UK
Leaving no one behind: Progress on Life Course Immunisation Roundtable – alongside the World Health Assembly
Date: Tuesday 23 May 2023
Time: 13.00 – 14.30 (CET), followed by refreshments
Location: Geneva Press Club, Geneva, Switzerland
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index alongside the 76th World Health Assembly
Date: Tuesday 23 May 2023
Time: 3.30pm – 4.30pm (CET) launch, followed by networking with refreshments
Location: Geneva Press Club, Geneva, Switzerland
G7 high-level side event in Niigata: Healthy ageing and prevention
Date: Wednesday 10 May 2023
Time: 2.00pm – 3.30pm (JST), followed by networking with refreshments
Location: Niigata, Japan
Vaccine confidence in Central and Eastern Europe working lunchILC- UK
At this exclusive working lunch, we discussed the International Longevity Centre UK’s (ILC-UK) forthcoming report on vaccine confidence in Central & Eastern Europe (CEE).
During this event, we shared the findings from our policy publication on what we think should be the priorities for the G20 in India and the key messages we want to disseminate to ministers and world leaders. We heard from experts on the opportunities and challenges to engage India and the G20 with prevention and healthy ageing and identify further opportunities to maximise our engagement while at the G20 in September.
Final Marathon or sprint launch Les Mayhew slides 19 April.pptxILC- UK
Research by the International Longevity Centre UK (ILC) funded by Bayes Business School — based on Commonwealth Games competitor records since the inaugural event in 1930 — shows large differences in the longevity of medal winners compared to people in the general population that were born in the same year. A report finds that top-level sports people can live over 5 years longer than the rest of the population.
Launching Trial and error: Supporting age diversity in clinical trialsILC- UK
During this virtual event, Esther McNamara, ILC's Senior Health Policy Lead, presents the Trial and error report’s findings and recommendations. A panel of five experts respond to the report and discuss how improved age diversity will benefit patients of all ages.
Report launch - Moving the needle: Improving uptake of adult vaccination in J...ILC- UK
Launch of the Moving the needle report, produced by ILC-UK in partnership with Stripe Partners.
This event was chaired by Dr Noriko Cable, Honorary Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Epidemiology & Health, UCL. Speakers include:
Arabella Trower, Senior Consultant, Stripe Partners
David Sinclair, Chief Executive, ILC-UK
Dr Charles Alessi, Chief Clinical Officer, éditohealth
Jason James, Director General, Daiwa Anglo-Japanese Foundation
Dr Michael Hodin, CEO, Global Coalition on Aging
Prof Itamar Grotto - Better preparedness, better resultsILC- UK
Presented at the "Pandemics and longevity: Will we die, survive, or thrive next time?" webinar, by ILC-UK
Date: Thursday 16 March 2023
Time: 1.30pm – 3.00pm (GMT)
Matthew Edwards - CMI COVID-19 Inquiry SubmissionILC- UK
Presented at the "Pandemics and longevity: Will we die, survive, or thrive next time?" webinar, by ILC-UK
Date: Thursday 16 March 2023
Time: 1.30pm – 3.00pm (GMT)
Dr Kit Yates - Critical weaknesses in shielding strategies for COVID-19ILC- UK
Presented at the "Pandemics and longevity: Will we die, survive, or thrive next time?" webinar, by ILC-UK
Date: Thursday 16 March 2023
Time: 1.30pm – 3.00pm (GMT)
Explore our comprehensive data analysis project presentation on predicting product ad campaign performance. Learn how data-driven insights can optimize your marketing strategies and enhance campaign effectiveness. Perfect for professionals and students looking to understand the power of data analysis in advertising. for more details visit: https://bostoninstituteofanalytics.org/data-science-and-artificial-intelligence/
As Europe's leading economic powerhouse and the fourth-largest hashtag#economy globally, Germany stands at the forefront of innovation and industrial might. Renowned for its precision engineering and high-tech sectors, Germany's economic structure is heavily supported by a robust service industry, accounting for approximately 68% of its GDP. This economic clout and strategic geopolitical stance position Germany as a focal point in the global cyber threat landscape.
In the face of escalating global tensions, particularly those emanating from geopolitical disputes with nations like hashtag#Russia and hashtag#China, hashtag#Germany has witnessed a significant uptick in targeted cyber operations. Our analysis indicates a marked increase in hashtag#cyberattack sophistication aimed at critical infrastructure and key industrial sectors. These attacks range from ransomware campaigns to hashtag#AdvancedPersistentThreats (hashtag#APTs), threatening national security and business integrity.
🔑 Key findings include:
🔍 Increased frequency and complexity of cyber threats.
🔍 Escalation of state-sponsored and criminally motivated cyber operations.
🔍 Active dark web exchanges of malicious tools and tactics.
Our comprehensive report delves into these challenges, using a blend of open-source and proprietary data collection techniques. By monitoring activity on critical networks and analyzing attack patterns, our team provides a detailed overview of the threats facing German entities.
This report aims to equip stakeholders across public and private sectors with the knowledge to enhance their defensive strategies, reduce exposure to cyber risks, and reinforce Germany's resilience against cyber threats.
Data Centers - Striving Within A Narrow Range - Research Report - MCG - May 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) expects to see demand and the changing evolution of supply, facilitated through institutional investment rotation out of offices and into work from home (“WFH”), while the ever-expanding need for data storage as global internet usage expands, with experts predicting 5.3 billion users by 2023. These market factors will be underpinned by technological changes, such as progressing cloud services and edge sites, allowing the industry to see strong expected annual growth of 13% over the next 4 years.
Whilst competitive headwinds remain, represented through the recent second bankruptcy filing of Sungard, which blames “COVID-19 and other macroeconomic trends including delayed customer spending decisions, insourcing and reductions in IT spending, energy inflation and reduction in demand for certain services”, the industry has seen key adjustments, where MCG believes that engineering cost management and technological innovation will be paramount to success.
MCG reports that the more favorable market conditions expected over the next few years, helped by the winding down of pandemic restrictions and a hybrid working environment will be driving market momentum forward. The continuous injection of capital by alternative investment firms, as well as the growing infrastructural investment from cloud service providers and social media companies, whose revenues are expected to grow over 3.6x larger by value in 2026, will likely help propel center provision and innovation. These factors paint a promising picture for the industry players that offset rising input costs and adapt to new technologies.
According to M Capital Group: “Specifically, the long-term cost-saving opportunities available from the rise of remote managing will likely aid value growth for the industry. Through margin optimization and further availability of capital for reinvestment, strong players will maintain their competitive foothold, while weaker players exit the market to balance supply and demand.”
Adult Vaccination in an ageing society: Immune response
1. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Immune Response
Vaccination in adults:
What are the
challenges? What are
the solutions?
David Sinclair, International Longevity Centre – UK @ilcuk
@sinclairda
2. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
ILC-UK Planning Tomorrow, Today
think tank
evidence based
policy focussed
balanced
independent
respected
experts
networked
international
3. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Our focus is broad
4. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Who do we work with?
5. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Interests
ILC-UK Report (Immune Response) funded via an unrestricted
educational grant from Pfizer International Operations. SAATI
report supported by Vaccines Europe. Commissioned by
SAATI and supported financially by Pfizer.
6. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
In summary – Key messages
There is a strong evidence base to support a focus on
immunisation as a lifecourse issue
But vaccination across the lifecourse does not get the attention
it should
Policies can be patchy and inconsistent at a European level
(and even within countries)
Policy makers should focus on breaking down the barriers to
adult immunisation.
7. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Working across Europe on adult vaccination
ILC-UK are a founding and leading
member of SAATI (Supporting Active
Ageing Through Immunisation)
SAATI aims to: Increase public and
policy maker awareness of the need
for adult vaccinations.
The SAATI partnership produced a
consensus statement (2012)
In November 2013, SAATI published
Adult vaccination: a key component
of healthy ageing. The report is
available on the ILC-UK website at
www.ilcuk.org.uk
8. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
A focus on adults: Taking a life-course approach
With the exception of the seasonal
influenza vaccine, many adults believe
that vaccination is relevant only for
children, and awareness of adult
vaccines is low.
Perception of vaccines and vaccinations
EVM Study Number 41039032.
9. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
IPD hits older and younger people
[See Adult
Vaccinatio
n: A Key
Compone
nt of
Healthy
Ageing]
10. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
As does influenza
[See Adult
Vaccination: A
Key
Component of
Healthy
Ageing]
11. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Vaccine preventable disease has a big impact
Seasonal influenza: The UK reported a 2010-11 winter
period more severe in terms of pressure on hospitals
than during the 2009-10 pandemic winter. In 2012- 13,
excess death rates were the highest since 2008-09,
with peaks coinciding with influenza circulation [Public
Health England. See Adult Vaccination: A Key
Component of Healthy Ageing]
Pneumonia: UK and Slovakia have the highest reported
mortality rates in Europe (25 per 100 000 population
cases in 2005 and 2009). [See Adult Vaccination: A Key
Component of Healthy Ageing]
http://www.flickr.com/photos/u
n_photo/5832685007/sizes/z/i
n/photostream/
12. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Impact of vaccine preventable disease
Invasive pneumococcal disease: In 2005, the UK, as well as Belgium, Ireland
and Sweden, reported rates of confirmed cases which approach or are
greater than 10 per 100 000. There was a similar picture in 2009 with
relatively high rates in the UK and in Belgium, Finland, Ireland, Sweden and
Slovenia compared to the other countries reporting. Among the countries
reporting high rates, the trend is relatively static in the UK. [See Adult
Vaccination: A Key Component of Healthy Ageing]
Pertussis: the recent increase in pertussis notifications corresponds with
the availability of enhanced diagnostic methods. Since 2006, there has been
greater awareness and use of these testing methods, compared to previous
years. [See Adult Vaccination: A Key Component of Healthy Ageing]
13. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
And there is evidence for vaccination of older adults
Cohort studies show that influenza vaccination provides
substantial health benefits, including reduced hospitalisations,
outpatient visits, mortality and antibiotics prescription among
older people. [Nichol, as cited in Chlibek 2012. See Adult
Vaccination: A Key Component of Healthy Ageing].
A vaccination programme for older people was shown to be
effective on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the UK.
Recent clinical studies also suggest vaccination with pneumococcal
conjugate vaccines may provide a benefit in adults. [Jackson, as
cited in Chlibek 2012. See Adult Vaccination: A Key Component of
Healthy Ageing ].
14. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Evidence for vaccination of older adults
The implementation of a herpes zoster
vaccination programme for older people has
the potential to improve their quality of life
markedly by reducing the incidence and
severity of the disease. One study, based on
a randomised control trial, found a
reduction in disease burden in older adults
of 61% and a reduction of postherpetic
neuralgia by 67%. [Oxman 2005, as cited in
Chlibek 2012. See Adult Vaccination: A Key
Component of Healthy Ageing]
http://www.flickr.com/photos/48039948@N02/6070071650/size
s/m/in/pool-92307085@N00/
Herpes zoster vaccine is
not approved in Spain
15. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
We also know vaccination is cost effective
A systematic review of the relevant
literature in English language on the cost-
effectiveness evidence of immunisation for
adults aged 50 years or over in all EU
Member States was performed for the SAATI
report published in November 2013.
Cost-effectiveness studies were found for 4
of the 7 key vaccine-preventable diseases in
the report: herpes zoster, influenza, IPD and
pneumonia. [See Adult Vaccination: A Key
Component of Healthy Ageing]
For these 4 diseases,
studies were found for 13
EU nations that show
immunisation is likely to
provide a cost-effective
strategy for those aged
50 years or over. [See
Adult Vaccination: A Key
Component of Healthy
Ageing]
16. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
And there could be significant “invest to save” return for
policymakers: The SAATI/Dutch study
For the 7 vaccine preventable conditions, an estimated
34,528 infectious disease cases would be avoided over a 50
year period. Approximately 5,782 premature deaths
avoided over the same period.
The amount of lost working days prevented over the same
period was put at 127,480. Health cost savings projected to
reach 6.6 million euros
Lifetime tax contributions from implementing adult
vaccination amounted to 537 million over the remaining life
years of the cohort. [See Adult Vaccination: A Key
Component of Healthy Ageing]
17. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
The SAATI/Dutch study
Based on the investment costs of vaccinating those aged 50 in the year
2012, the benefit-cost ratio suggests that every 1 euro invested would
result in 4.02 euros over the lifetime of the cohort.
[See Adult Vaccination:
A Key Component of
Healthy Ageing]
18. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
The challenges: Why are we worried?
There seems a reluctance to take firmer action to improve standards
of adult immunisation in Europe.
Adult vaccination remains an underused public health strategy to
promote healthy ageing.
Few EU countries operate a comprehensive adult immunisation
schedule. Countries often recommend vaccination to at-risk groups,
whilst age-based recommendations – which allow individuals to self-
assess their status – are not applied for all vaccine preventable
diseases.
Adult vaccination coverage rates are often low and vary across
European countries. They are also significantly lower than early
childhood vaccination rates. In addition, Central and Eastern
European countries often perform less well than Western Europe in
terms of uptake results.
19. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Why doesn’t adult immunisation get the attention it
should?
Gaps in access to the vaccines and reimbursement;
Limited awareness of infectious diseases and vaccines in the
population of all age groups;
Gaps in the promotion of adult vaccination schedules by public
health authorities;
Limited leadership from healthcare professionals in recommending
vaccination;
Inconsistent monitoring and surveillance systems.
20. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Up-take varies by country
[See Adult Vaccination: A Key Component of
Healthy Ageing]
21. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
European Adult National Recommendations and Reimbursement of
PCV13
Last Updated 20th March 2014
Russia
Turkey
Romania
Poland
Slovakia
Czech Rep.
Hungary
Bulgaria
Ukraine
Lithuania
Croatia
B &H Serbia
Latvia
Estonia
Slovenia
Belarus
Funded Age
Private
Not Funded Age
Funded Risk
Not Funded Risk
Germany
Italy
Austria
Switzerland
France
SpainPortugal
Ireland
UK
Denmark
Belgium
Netherlands
Greece
Norway
Sweden Finland
Israel
*Choice: HCP chooses PPV alone or PCV>PPV
**Considered extremely niche recommendation,
therefore ‘Private’ no risk recommendation
22. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Variable guidelines/difficult to access information
Finland 65+
Italy varies, 50-65
Check Spain, varies,
little or no age only
Hungary 50+
Bulgaria 50+
Estonia 50+
Lithuania 50+
Poland 50+
[See Adult Vaccination: A Key Component of
Healthy Ageing]
23. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
How can the consumer be confident of the science of
immunisation if policy makers cant agree on
recommendation?
24. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Improving life-
course vaccination
What can we do?
25. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Possible Solutions
Focus on prevention as better than cure
Review incentives to vaccination
Raise awareness among consumers
A greater role for employers
A bigger role for insurers
Ensuring vaccination is accessible
Nudging people towards vaccination
Vaccinate health and care professionals
More research
European Health and Vaccination Platform at EU level
26. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Prevention is better than cure
“Vaccination can provide cost-effective protection against a host of
diseases throughout life, but remains an underused public-health strategy
in adults for the promotion of healthy ageing”. [Michel, J. -P., Gusmano,
M., Blank, P.R. and Philp, Ian. (2010) Vaccination and healthy ageing : how
to make life-course vaccination a successful public health
strategy. European Geriatric Medicine, Vol.1 (No.3). pp. 155-165. ISSN
18787649]
Vaccination can play a significant preventative role, alongside other forms
of prevention such as screening, in proactively preventing diseases and
health ills before they occur, rather than reacting to them afterwards, with
drugs and other forms of treatment.
ILC-UK recommends
Healthcare professionals undertaking health check-ups of older people
should check whether their patients are up to date with their vaccines.
27. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Incentivising vaccination
An exercise performed by a focus group participant looked at the
variation between PCTs in terms of adult vaccination take up. They
found that the top five PCTs all had local incentives in place whilst
none of the bottom five did [Immune Response]
“Perhaps an incentive of £20 pounds to the GP for vaccinating would
be successful, but would it be in the public interest and would the
public trust this type of approach?” ILC-UK Focus group participant
Small cash incentives improve HepB vaccination rates among
injecting drug users [April 2014:
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-
6736(14)60196-3/abstract]
28. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
An informed consumer
“Carers should be targeted with information
about adult vaccination.”
“We should use travel vaccination clinics
and general health checks as an opportunity
to inform adults about vaccination more
generally.”
“It can be difficult for consumers to find out
what the UK immunisation guidelines are.
Not many people are going to delve into the
Green book. There should be a simplified
check list for those aged over 18.”
ILC-UK Focus group participants
29. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
The role for employers?
The Government and the private sector are increasingly interested in
how we extend working lives. A fear of a skill shortage and an ageing
society means that employers and Government are going to have to
look for ways to support us in the workplace for longer.
But there have been few initiatives in the private sector which have
considered the case for adult vaccination of staff.
Yet the vaccination of older workers against for example, the flu could
not only be cost-effective (reducing the number of days lost due to ill
health) for employers, but could also contribute to a healthier
workforce. Similarly getting shingles whilst still in the workplace can pull
people out of the workforce for very long periods.
30. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
A greater role for insurance?
Some health insurers provide incentives for individuals to join a gym.
Putting in place similar incentives to vaccinate may prove useful.
The Affordable Care Act in the US will providing preventative
vaccination to those in individual health plans
One focus group participant argued that there is demand from some
insurance consumers for life and health insurance to become more
integrated and centred around the policyholder. Such a change may
result in the industry needing to reinvent its offer to meet the
demands of this new consumer. And vaccination might form part of
this offer.
31. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Making vaccination more accessible. A greater role
for pharmacy?
ILC-UK believe that it is vital to
expand the range of settings which
provide vaccination to include, for
example, community pharmacies.
32. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Nudging people towards vaccination
Nudge:Thaler and Sunstein
(2008)
Suggests that individuals’
actions and decisions don’t
result simply from a rational
overview of external
circumstances.
Instead they are equally likely
to be based on systems of
habitual behaviour based on
learned traits and biases.
How might we “nudge” vaccination?
• The use of ‘declination forms’ by health
services and employers could encourage
employees to think twice about turning
down vaccination.
• Play on the strong sense of civic duty which
might encourage vaccination to protect
others, particularly if advised to do so by
their physicians.
• Creating a social norm of adult vaccination
(beyond flu) through investment in
communications.
• Research should be commissioned to
explore what messages are most likely to
result in greater uptake of adult
vaccinations.
33. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Vaccination of Health and Social Care professionals
“When I was doing the rounds as a nurse, teams used to come around
and offer vaccination to myself and other healthcare workers. But
some members of staff still refused.” ILC-UK Focus group participant
Last year, just 45.6% of UK health and social care workers were
vaccinated against flu. [Immune Response: ILC-UK]
Levels of vaccination of healthcare professionals varies significantly by
NHS Trust. In 2011, some trusts achieve almost 95% coverage of staff
whilst others only achieved around 5% of staff vaccinated against
seasonal flu. [Immune Response: ILC-UK]
34. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
A need to know more
There is limited research which explores adult vaccination. Where it
does exist it is dominated by research on influenza.
The WHO Global Vaccines Action plan urged Governments to
“Encourage and support research on vaccines and vaccination issues”.
It is important that the Government continues to support such
research.[http://www.who.int/immunization/global_vaccine_action_pl
an/en/]
ILC-UK recommends: The Government, industry and other research
funders should ensure there is adequate research on the potential and
efficacy of adult vaccination.
35. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
What did SAATI recommend?
36. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
37. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
In summary – Key messages
There is a strong evidence base to support a focus on
immunisation as a lifecourse issue
But vaccination across the lifecourse does not get the attention
it should
Policies can be patchy and inconsistent at a European level
(and even within countries)
Policy makers should focus on breaking down the barriers to
adult immunisation.
38. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
References (reports available at www.ilcuk.org.uk)
39. The International Longevity Centre-UK is an independent, non-partisan think-tank
dedicated to addressing issues of longevity, ageing and population change.
#adultimmunisation @ilcuk @sinclairda
Many thanks
David Sinclair
Assistant Director, Policy & Communications
International Longevity Centre
Davidsinclair@ilcuk.org.uk
02073400440
Twitter: @ilcuk and @sinclairda