natural and man made fibers.

1. Submitted by:
Adnan shahbuddin(AMM-1a)
Uses and Properties of Natural and
Man Made fibers
Submitted to:
Imran Raza

2. End Uses of Rayon:
Apparel - dresses, jackets, slacks, sport shirts, sportswear, suits, ties
Home Furnishings - Bedspreads, blankets, curtains, sheets, tablecloths
Industrial Uses - Industrial products, medical surgical products, nonwoven
products, tire cord
Rayon is a versatile fiber
• Rayon is very soft, cool comfortable and very good absorbent property but
could not be able to protect body heat and used in humid steamy climatic
conditions.
• Rayon fibre has the same comfort property as natural fibres.
• Rayon can replicate the feel and texture of silk, cotton linen and wool.
• Rayon can easily be dyed in variety of colors
• Rayon has very lower elastic recovery of any fibre.
• HWM rayon is very stronger and reveals good durability. HWM rayon can be
machine washed.
• Usual rayon fibres recommended care for dry cleaning purpose only.
Rayon is a major feedstock in the manufacture of carbon fibre. Grasim of India
is the major producer of rayon in the world which is claiming 24% market share.

3. End Uses of Acetate:
Apparel - dresses, wedding and party attire, home furnishings,
draperies, upholstery
Industrial Uses - Cigarette filters
Fiber properties
Acetate is a very valuable manufactured fiber that is low in cost and has
good draping qualities. Acetate is used in fabrics such as satins, brocades,
and taffetas to accentuate luster, body, drape and beauty.
Hand: soft, smooth, dry, crisp, resilient
Comfort: breathes, wicks, dries quickly, no static cling
Drape: linings move with the body linings conform to the garment
Color: deep brilliant shades with atmospheric dyeing meet colorfastness
requirements
Luster: light reflection creates a signature appearance
Performance: colorfast to perspiration staining, colorfast to dry cleaning,
air and vapor permeable
Tenacity: weak fiber with breaking tenacity of 1.2 to 1.4 g/d; rapidly loses
strength when wet; must be dry cleaned
Abrasion: poor resistance

4. End Uses of Aramid:
Flame-resistant clothing, protective vests and helmets, tire and mechanical
rubber goods reinforcement, ropes and cables, sail cloth, sporting goods.
Aramids share a high degree of orientation with other fibers such as ultra
high molecular weight polyethylene, a characteristic that dominates their
properties.
Properties
good resistance to abrasion
good resistance to organic solvents
nonconductive
no melting point, degradation starts from 500°C
low flammability
good fabric integrity at elevated temperatures

5. End uses POLYESTER
Apparel: Every form of clothing
Home Furnishings: Carpets, curtains, draperies, sheets and pillow cases, wall
coverings, and upholstery
Other Uses: hoses, power belting, ropes and nets, thread, tire cord, auto
upholstery, sails, floppy disk liners, and fiberfill for various products
including pillows and furniture
Properties
Density (g/cc) : 1.38
Moisture Regain(%) : 0.4
Elongationat Break(%) : 15.3
Breaking Tenacity(g/Denier) : 9.2
Initial Modulus(CN/tex) : 998
Thermal Shrinkage(@ 177 C) : 11.6
Melting Point (C/F) : 256/493
Bleaches &Solvents : Excellent
Acids & Alkalis : Good resistance to weak alkalis & weak acids. Moderate
resistance to strong acids & alkali.
Abrasion : Excellent
Mildew, Aging &Sunlight : Excellent resistance to mildew, good aging.
Degrades after
prolonged exposure to sunlight

6. End uses of cotton
Apparel - Wide range of wearing apparel: blouses, shirts, dresses,
children’s wear, active wear, separates, swimwear, suits, jackets, skirts,
pants, sweaters, hosiery, neckwear.
Home Fashion - curtains, draperies, bedspreads, comforters, throws,
sheets, towels, table cloths, table mats, napkins
Properties
APPEARENCE Flat, twisted and ribbon like with inner hollow.
STRENGTH Relatively strong.
ELASTICITY Very little natural elasticity
RESILIENCE Low Resilience, Wrinkles easily.
DRAPABILITY Poor Drapability.
HEAT CONDUCTIVITY High degree of heat conductivity
ABSORBENCY High absorbency
SHRINKAGE High shrinkage
EFFECT OF HEAT With stand moderate heat
EFFECT OF LIGHT Turns yellow and loses its strength.
REACTION OF BLEACH Mild bleach works well.
REACTION OF ALKALIS Does not harms fiber

7. End uses of SPANDEX
Apparel: Activewear and sportswear; socks; thermal underwear; lining fabrics
Automotive: Interior fabrics used in or on kick panel, package shelf, seat
construction, truck liners, load decks, etc.
Home Furnishings: Indoor and outdoor carpets; carpet backing; upholstery
and wall coverings; furniture and bedding construction fabrics
Industrial: Carpets; disposable, durable nonwoven fabrics; ropes; filter
fabrics; bagging; geotextiles
Properties
Fiber Type : Polyethylene
Heat : Melts at 525F
Bleaches &Solvents : Excellent
Acids & Alkalis : Excellent
Abrasion : Good to Poor
Mildew, Aging &Sunlight : Excellent resistance to
mildew.

8. End Uses of WOOL
In addition to clothing, wool has been used for blankets, horse rugs, saddle
cloths, carpeting, felt, wool insulation and upholstery. Wool felt covers piano
hammers, and it is used to absorb odors and noise in heavy machinery and
stereo speakers.
Properties
SOURCE Body coverings(Hair) of Sheep..
APPEARANCE Overlapping scales
STRENGTH Weakest of all natural fibers.
ELASTICITY Good elasticity
RESILIENCE High Resilience.
DRAPABILITY Excellent Drapability.
HEAT CONDUCTIVITY Non conductors of heat
ABSORBENCY Initially water repellent.
WASHABILITY Extreme care is required
SHRINKAGE High shrinkage
EFFECT OF HEAT exhibits plastic characteristics
EFFECT OF LIGHT Weakened by prolonged exposure to light.

9. End uses of SILK
Apparel: luxury items, wedding dresses, evening gowns, blouses, scarves,
neckties
Interiors: pillows, wall hangings, draperies, upholstery
Properties
SOURCE Secretion of silk worm..
APPEARENCE Smooth and straight fiber.
STRENGTH Strongest of all natural fibers.
ELASTICITY Good elasticity but it varies.
RESILIENCE High Resilience.
DRAPABILITY Excellent Drapability.
HEAT CONDUCTIVITY Non conductors of heat
ABSORBENCY Very good.
WASHABILITY Spots Easily
SHRINKAGE Very low shrinkage
EFFECT OF HEAT Sensitive to heat.
EFFECT OF LIGHT Weakened fiber faster when exposed to light.