ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a prevalent childhood condition characterized by symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness, affecting 5-12% of children in India, primarily boys. Diagnosis occurs through behavioral assessments, and treatment typically includes a combination of counseling and medication, with many children benefiting from structured routines and dietary considerations. Although symptoms may persist into adulthood for some, effective treatment can lead to significant improvement in functioning.

1. ADHD
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
ADHD IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON CHILDHOOD DISORDERS AND CAN
CONTINUE THROUGH ADOLESCENCE AND ADULTHOOD. SYMPTOMS INCLUDE
DIFFICULTY STAYING FOCUSED AND PAYING ATTENTION, DIFFICULTY
CONTROLLING BEHAVIOR, AND HYPERACTIVITY (OVER-ACTIVITY).
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2. ADHD
 ADHD is a condition that reduces ability to focus and pay
attention in children
 Children with ADHD are restless and easily distracted.
 This makes it difficult to stay "on task," whether it's
listening to a teacher or finishing a chore.
 The studies have found that there are 5-12% affected
children in India and it is more prevalent among boys than
the girls

3. ADHD Symptoms
 Inattention
 The main symptom of ADHD is the inability to pay
attention. Kids may have trouble listening to a speaker,
following directions, finishing tasks, or keeping track of
personal items.
 They may daydream often and make careless mistakes.
Children with ADHD tend to avoid activities that require
sustained concentration or that might be boring

4. ADHD Symptoms
 Hyperactivity
 Another sign of ADHD can be the inability to sit still.
 Children may run and climb on things constantly, even
when indoors. When they are seated, they tend to squirm,
fidget, or bounce.
 Some children with ADHD talk excessively and find it
difficult to play quietly.

5. ADHD Symptoms
 Impulsiveness
 Another symptom is impulsiveness -- cutting in line,
interrupting others, or blurting out answers before the
teacher finishes a question.
 This aspect of ADHD makes it difficult for children to wait
their turn or think before they act.

6. ADHD's Impact on Daily Life
 IF treatment is not given, ADHD can affect a child's
development socially and academically.
 The inability to focus often leads to poor performance in
school. Kids who interrupt or cut in line may have trouble
making and keeping friends.
 These setbacks can lead to low self-esteem and risky
behaviours. ADHD also increases the risk of childhood
depression and anxiety disorders.

7. Causes of ADHD
 Children with ADHD have less activity in areas of the brain
that control attention.
 They may also have imbalances in brain chemicals called
neurotransmitters.
 It's unclear what causes these irregularities, but ADHD runs
in families, so many experts believe genetics play a role.

8. Diagnosing ADHD
 There are no lab tests for ADHD. Instead, doctors rely on
the patient's response to questions, the family's description
of behavior problems, and a school assessment.
 With ADHD, a child must display some combination of
inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity for at least 6
months. Symptoms must have appeared by age 12.

9. Three Types of ADHD
 Combined type is the most common and applies to
children who display inattention, hyperactivity, and
impulsiveness.
 In the hyperactive/impulsive type, children are fidgety and
can't control their impulses.
 Kids with the inattentive type, formerly called attention
deficit disorder, have trouble focusing. But they are not
overly active and usually don't disrupt the classroom.

10. Counselling for ADHD
 Counseling can help a child with ADHD learn to handle
frustrations and build self-esteem.
 It can also provide parents with supportive strategies.
 A specific type of therapy, called social skills training, can
help kids improve at taking turns and sharing.
 Studies show that long-term treatment with a combination
of drugs and behavioural therapy is more effective than
medication alone.

11. Special Education for ADHD
 Most children with ADHD are educated in standard
classrooms, but some do better in a more structured
environment.
 Special education is a type of schooling that is tailored to
meet the specific needs of children with learning disabilities
or behavioural disorders.
 Not all children with ADHD require/ qualifyfor special
education.

12. Defining Routine
 Parents can give kids more structure at home by laying out
clear routines.
 Posting a daily schedule will remind your child of what he
or she is supposed to be doing at any given time.
 This can help a child with ADHD stay on task. The schedule
should include specific times for waking up, eating, playing,
homework, chores, activities, and bedtime.

13. Diets for ADHD
 Studies on ADHD diets have had mixed results, but some
health experts believe foods that are good for the brain
could reduce symptoms of ADHD.
 High-protein foods, including eggs, meat, beans, and nuts,
may improve concentration.
 It might also be helpful to replace simple carbs, like candy
and white bread, with complex carbs, like pears and whole-
grain bread. Talk to your pediatrician before making any
dramatic changes to your child's diet.

14. Preventing ADHD
 There is no sure-fire way to prevent ADHD in children, but
there are steps you can take to reduce the risk.
 You can increase your chance of your child not having
ADHD by staying healthy during pregnancy.
 Start by avoiding alcohol, drugs, and tobacco during
pregnancy.
 Children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy are
twice as likely to develop ADHD.

15. Outlook for Children With ADHD
 With treatment, a large majority of children with ADHD
improve.
 They should continue to undergo regular follow-up since
many kids grow out of the disorder as they get older.
 But more than half of patients continue experiencing
symptoms once they reach adulthood.

16. Misconceptions about ADHD
 Once it was believed that poor environment might be
a cause of ADHD but research has proven it wrong.
 Another theory was that refined sugar and food
additives make children hyperactive and inattentive;
however restricted diet seemed to help only 5%
children with ADHD.
 Also ADHD can’t be linked to too much TV or food
allergies or poor schools.

17. Homeopathy in ADHD
 Homeopathy is one of the most popular holistic systems of
medicine.
 The selection of medicine is based upon the theory of
individualization and symptoms similarity by using holistic
approach.
 Homeopathy not only treat ADHD symptoms but addresses
its underlying cause and individual susceptibility.