ADHD is a developmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects 8-12% of school-aged children. While the specific causes are unknown, genetics and environmental factors during pregnancy are thought to play a role. Symptoms include difficulty paying attention, excessive movement, and acting without thinking. Treatment involves behavioral therapy, lifestyle changes, and sometimes medication to manage symptoms.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) begins in childhood and may continue into adulthood, affecting an individual's activities professionally, socially, and within their family. ADHD is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness. While it is a widely recognized disorder, some professionals still question its validity. ADHD has been linked to changes in the brain regions involved in behavioral inhibition, attention, and neurotransmitter systems. Treatment may include therapy, support at home and school, and stimulant medications which help the functioning of affected brain areas without causing addiction.
This document discusses the effects of multimodal treatment approaches on children with ADHD and co-morbid disorders. It finds that a biopsychosocial approach involving medication, behavioral therapy, parent/teacher education, and family support best manages ADHD symptoms. While stimulant medications are effective, non-stimulant alternatives are needed for those with co-morbid conditions or risk of abuse. More research is still required to determine the most effective interventions for ADHD accompanied by other disorders.
This document provides an overview of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It begins with an introduction that describes ADHD as a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It then discusses the types of ADHD (predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, and combined type), prevalence rates, etiology, comorbidities, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options. Treatment involves medication, therapy like cognitive behavioral therapy, behavior therapy, and lifestyle modifications to help manage symptoms.
Comorbidities associated with Learning disabilities-ADHD,ASDjilu123
This document discusses learning disabilities and comorbidities such as ADHD. It defines ADHD according to the DSM and ICD criteria. ADHD is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It has genetic and environmental causes. Treatment involves medication, cognitive behavioral therapy, parent training, social skills training, and educational accommodations. The document provides diagnostic criteria and strategies to manage ADHD symptoms and impairments.
Similarties and Differences Between an ADHD Treatment Program and Classroom D...Maddie Monahan, MPH
This document is a senior thesis submitted by Madison Monahan to the Global Health Studies Department at Allegheny College. It analyzes the similarities and differences between an ADHD treatment program and classroom dynamics. The document provides background information on ADHD, including common symptoms, diagnosis criteria from the DSM-5, and treatment options. It then discusses an ethnographic study conducted by the author to compare themes in an ADHD summer treatment program and classrooms in Meadville, Pennsylvania, such as recognition of mental health issues and maintaining attention. Differences identified include tolerance for disruptive behaviors and interactions between students and teachers. The author concludes more education is needed to help teachers understand ADHD and improve diagnosis and treatment plans.
Respond by providing at least two contributions for improving .docxpeggyd2
Respond
by providing at least two contributions for improving or including in their Parent Guide and at least two things that you like about their guide.
NOTE: Positive comment
Main Discussion
ADHD Parent Guide
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is defined as a chronic neurological disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. In 2016, it is estimated that 6.1 million or 9.4% of children had a diagnosis of ADHD (
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
, n.d.). A diagnosis of ADHD can be both confusing and welcomed. Confusing because the details of the diagnosis are unknown but welcomed because the parents and child finally have a “why” for the child’s difficulties. This parent guide will discuss the pathophysiolology, diagnosing, signs/symptoms, treatment options, and other aspects involved in an ADHD diagnosis.
Pathophysiology
Many research studies suggest ADHD may be caused by interactions between genes and environmental or non-genetic factors. Many cases of ADHD have a genetic origin. A child is 50% more likely to have ADHD if their parent was diagnosed with the condition and 25% of the children with ADHD have parents who have met the criteria for a diagnosis of ADHD. Other factors that can contribute to ADHD is substance use, low birth weight, brain injuries and exposure to some environmental toxins.
ADHD is a result of neurotransmitter disease dysfunction, that effect dopamine and norepinephrine. Dopamine has a role in a person's ability to learn and reinforcing trained response to various situations. Dopamine also plays and important role in "working memory"(
Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
, 2004). Norepinephrine effects a person's alertness and attention. Norepinephrine is activated by novel and important stimuli and are quiescent during sleep.
Environmental factors of ADHD is a result of a toxin such as lead or other nuero-toxic substances that may result in delayed development of the child's brain before, during or birth. Substance abuse is a very common cause of pre- and perinatal factors that may result in ADHD. Exposure of the fetus to alcohol is associated with a reduction in the volume of the prefrontal and temporal cortices, the brain areas involved in regulation of attention and control of impulsivity. (
Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
, 2004)
Diagnosing ADHD
While there is no single test to diagnosis ADHD, there are ways to obtain an accurate diagnosis.
Who diagnosis ADHD?
There are many health care professionals who are qualified to diagnose ADHD. These professionals include but are not limited to psychiatrist, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP), licensed master social worker (LMSW), licensed professional counselor (LPC), neurologist, pediatricians, and primary care physicians. If there is a concern that a ch.
ADHD is a psychological disorder characterized by difficulty paying attention and sitting still. Approximately 11% of children in the US between ages 4-17 have been diagnosed with ADHD. There has been a significant increase in ADHD diagnosis in recent years, leading psychologists to question if overdiagnosis is occurring. ADHD diagnosis can negatively impact children and lead to lower academic achievement, so accurate diagnosis is important.
This document summarizes research on the relationship between diet and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). It discusses several studies that have investigated eliminating certain foods like artificial dyes, sugars, or common allergens from children's diets to see if it reduces ADHD symptoms. The research has found that diet changes can significantly improve symptoms for a small subset of children with ADHD, possibly due to food sensitivities. However, results have been inconsistent. More research is still needed to better understand how diet may help manage ADHD symptoms for some individuals.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) begins in childhood and may continue into adulthood, affecting an individual's activities professionally, socially, and within their family. ADHD is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness. While it is a widely recognized disorder, some professionals still question its validity. ADHD has been linked to changes in the brain regions involved in behavioral inhibition, attention, and neurotransmitter systems. Treatment may include therapy, support at home and school, and stimulant medications which help the functioning of affected brain areas without causing addiction.
This document discusses the effects of multimodal treatment approaches on children with ADHD and co-morbid disorders. It finds that a biopsychosocial approach involving medication, behavioral therapy, parent/teacher education, and family support best manages ADHD symptoms. While stimulant medications are effective, non-stimulant alternatives are needed for those with co-morbid conditions or risk of abuse. More research is still required to determine the most effective interventions for ADHD accompanied by other disorders.
This document provides an overview of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It begins with an introduction that describes ADHD as a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It then discusses the types of ADHD (predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, and combined type), prevalence rates, etiology, comorbidities, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options. Treatment involves medication, therapy like cognitive behavioral therapy, behavior therapy, and lifestyle modifications to help manage symptoms.
Comorbidities associated with Learning disabilities-ADHD,ASDjilu123
This document discusses learning disabilities and comorbidities such as ADHD. It defines ADHD according to the DSM and ICD criteria. ADHD is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It has genetic and environmental causes. Treatment involves medication, cognitive behavioral therapy, parent training, social skills training, and educational accommodations. The document provides diagnostic criteria and strategies to manage ADHD symptoms and impairments.
Similarties and Differences Between an ADHD Treatment Program and Classroom D...Maddie Monahan, MPH
This document is a senior thesis submitted by Madison Monahan to the Global Health Studies Department at Allegheny College. It analyzes the similarities and differences between an ADHD treatment program and classroom dynamics. The document provides background information on ADHD, including common symptoms, diagnosis criteria from the DSM-5, and treatment options. It then discusses an ethnographic study conducted by the author to compare themes in an ADHD summer treatment program and classrooms in Meadville, Pennsylvania, such as recognition of mental health issues and maintaining attention. Differences identified include tolerance for disruptive behaviors and interactions between students and teachers. The author concludes more education is needed to help teachers understand ADHD and improve diagnosis and treatment plans.
Respond by providing at least two contributions for improving .docxpeggyd2
Respond
by providing at least two contributions for improving or including in their Parent Guide and at least two things that you like about their guide.
NOTE: Positive comment
Main Discussion
ADHD Parent Guide
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is defined as a chronic neurological disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. In 2016, it is estimated that 6.1 million or 9.4% of children had a diagnosis of ADHD (
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
, n.d.). A diagnosis of ADHD can be both confusing and welcomed. Confusing because the details of the diagnosis are unknown but welcomed because the parents and child finally have a “why” for the child’s difficulties. This parent guide will discuss the pathophysiolology, diagnosing, signs/symptoms, treatment options, and other aspects involved in an ADHD diagnosis.
Pathophysiology
Many research studies suggest ADHD may be caused by interactions between genes and environmental or non-genetic factors. Many cases of ADHD have a genetic origin. A child is 50% more likely to have ADHD if their parent was diagnosed with the condition and 25% of the children with ADHD have parents who have met the criteria for a diagnosis of ADHD. Other factors that can contribute to ADHD is substance use, low birth weight, brain injuries and exposure to some environmental toxins.
ADHD is a result of neurotransmitter disease dysfunction, that effect dopamine and norepinephrine. Dopamine has a role in a person's ability to learn and reinforcing trained response to various situations. Dopamine also plays and important role in "working memory"(
Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
, 2004). Norepinephrine effects a person's alertness and attention. Norepinephrine is activated by novel and important stimuli and are quiescent during sleep.
Environmental factors of ADHD is a result of a toxin such as lead or other nuero-toxic substances that may result in delayed development of the child's brain before, during or birth. Substance abuse is a very common cause of pre- and perinatal factors that may result in ADHD. Exposure of the fetus to alcohol is associated with a reduction in the volume of the prefrontal and temporal cortices, the brain areas involved in regulation of attention and control of impulsivity. (
Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
, 2004)
Diagnosing ADHD
While there is no single test to diagnosis ADHD, there are ways to obtain an accurate diagnosis.
Who diagnosis ADHD?
There are many health care professionals who are qualified to diagnose ADHD. These professionals include but are not limited to psychiatrist, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP), licensed master social worker (LMSW), licensed professional counselor (LPC), neurologist, pediatricians, and primary care physicians. If there is a concern that a ch.
ADHD is a psychological disorder characterized by difficulty paying attention and sitting still. Approximately 11% of children in the US between ages 4-17 have been diagnosed with ADHD. There has been a significant increase in ADHD diagnosis in recent years, leading psychologists to question if overdiagnosis is occurring. ADHD diagnosis can negatively impact children and lead to lower academic achievement, so accurate diagnosis is important.
This document summarizes research on the relationship between diet and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). It discusses several studies that have investigated eliminating certain foods like artificial dyes, sugars, or common allergens from children's diets to see if it reduces ADHD symptoms. The research has found that diet changes can significantly improve symptoms for a small subset of children with ADHD, possibly due to food sensitivities. However, results have been inconsistent. More research is still needed to better understand how diet may help manage ADHD symptoms for some individuals.
ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental disorder affecting approximately 5% of children and 4% of adults in the US. It is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is diagnosed based on whether these symptoms interfere with daily functioning. Treatment involves lifestyle changes, behavioral therapy, and medication like stimulants. With early diagnosis and treatment, most people with ADHD can lead normal, productive lives.
This document provides information about Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) for parents. It defines ADHD as a brain disorder causing inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsiveness. Risk factors include prenatal complications and chemical imbalances in the brain. ADHD is diagnosed when symptoms impair functioning and are present in multiple settings. Treatment involves medications that increase dopamine/norepinephrine to improve focus, as well as behavioral therapies. Parents should monitor their child's progress, side effects and work with teachers/providers to implement skills training and accountability.
This document discusses attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It begins by defining ADHD as a neurobehavioral condition characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is most commonly diagnosed in childhood and can continue into adulthood. The document outlines the signs and symptoms of ADHD, the three main types (combined, inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive), potential causes including genetics, and diagnosis process. It discusses treatments like medications and therapies, famous people who have ADHD, myths about the disorder, and skills for treating patients with ADHD.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is typically diagnosed in childhood and often persists into adulthood. The exact causes are unknown but are believed to involve genetic and environmental factors that affect brain development and neurotransmitter function. Common comorbid conditions include learning disabilities, depression, and anxiety. Treatment involves behavioral therapy, classroom accommodations, and medication such as stimulants. Ongoing research aims to better understand the neurological mechanisms, identify genetic and environmental risk factors, and develop new therapeutic approaches.
Briefly share with the class the issue analysis paper written in .docxMikeEly930
Briefly share with the class the issue analysis paper written in week 4 attached. Share one recommendation that you made for solving the problem.
Start a New Conversation
Display Message Content
Forums
/
Week 8 Forum 7
/ Discussion Wrap-up
< Previous Topic
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Next Topic >
Briefly share with the class the issue you wrote about in your Week 4 Issue Analysis and Application Paper. Also share
at least one recommendation you made for solving the problem you identified.
Describe three things you learned from the course that you will want to remember 5 years from now. These can be ideas, concepts, techniques, etc. that you think are memorable and will be useful in the future. This portion of the forum calls for you to reflect on what in the course was meaningful to you, and to articulate this beyond a list or summary of textbook chapter ideas.
Adult aging psychology is the course
Childhood conduct problems and adult criminality
Part I, Issue Analysis
This paper will focus on childhood conduct problems and adult criminality. In the paper
deficit disorders with or without hyperactivity (ADHD)
will be analyzed and how it causes criminal activity in adulthood.
According to past research, adult males are more affected by the ADHD compared to adult women. This paper will help us understand why this is the case. It is not in all cases that a child diagnosed with ADHD will be a criminal, but the occurrence rate of ADHD patients being criminals is considerably high. About 50% of children with the disorder ends up committing serious activities of crime and widens records of arrest.
Attention Deficit Disorders With or Without Hyperactivity (ADHD)
When a person has low
brain dysfunctions
or unusual cerebral structures he/she may experience explosive rage periods that may cause violent episodes, hence violent crimes. It is these brain dysfunctions that are diagnosed as ADHD that causes antisocial behavior. It is very common to find ADHD levels among criminal justice system offenders. About 25% of inmates in prison are diagnosed with ADHD with about 70% percent of prisoners exhibiting a considerable level of ADHD symptoms. Further, there is an association of ADHD with other conditions that increases levels of offending, including deficits in neuropsychological, low cognitive and academic skills, psychological problems, defiance and aggression and also truancy.
ADHD Characteristic Traits
A child with ADHD will have concentration problems, hyperactivity and will be impulsive. The child will not be able to sit still, control his/her behavior,
will have problems with
concentration. ADHD is classified into three
cat
e
gories
: Type one is called predominantly inattentive type. Children with this disorder
show difficulty
with focusing on school work, being organized, keeping track and paying attention. The second type is called the hyperactive-inattentive. Children with this type of disorder tend to twitch and squirm,
d
o not manage to.
The Importance Of ADHD In The ClassroomMonica Carter
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is becoming more prevalent among American students. The condition is primarily treated with stimulant medications like Adderall, but concerns over widespread use and potential abuse have led researchers to explore alternative therapies. Studies show individuals with ADHD have low dopamine levels in key brain areas, and exercise is known to raise dopamine levels. Research on the benefits of exercise for ADHD students is promising, with one study finding it can positively impact symptoms. Further research on non-pharmaceutical options is still needed.
Genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd)Joy Maria Mitchell
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder. ADHD is the commonly studied and
diagnosed as psychiatric disorder. Here we shall see the relation between extraversion and ADHD, neuroticism,
biological relation, Environmental factors and with diagnosis of ADHD. It is known that Genetics is one of the factors
that may contribute to, or exacerbate ADHD. Recent research probing towards the environmental and Genetic factors
causing ADHD differences is the main source for investigation
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic condition that affects millions of children and often continues into adulthood.
•ADHD includes a combination of persistent problems, such as difficulty sustaining attention, hyperactivity and impulsive behavior.
•Children with ADHD also may struggle with low self-esteem, troubled relationships and poor performance in school.
•Symptoms sometimes lessen with age.
• However, some people never completely outgrow their ADHD symptoms. But they can learn strategies to be successful.
Loading…
•The primary features of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder include inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behavior.
• ADHD symptoms start before age 12, and in some children, they're noticeable as early as 3 years of age. ADHD symptoms can be mild, moderate or severe, and they may continue into adulthood.
Behavioral disorders are commonly diagnosed in children and can negatively impact one's ability to maintain relationships and employment if left untreated. They include conditions like anxiety disorders, ADHD, dissociative disorders, emotional disorders, and pervasive developmental disorders like autism. ADHD is characterized by an inability to focus and control impulsive behaviors. It is more commonly diagnosed in boys than girls. While behavioral disorders mainly present with emotional symptoms like anger and frustration, they can also lead to physical issues like substance abuse problems. Treatment options include medication and therapy, though medication alone is not a cure and symptoms may still persist into adulthood.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders in children characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is diagnosed based on symptoms that cause impairment in multiple settings according to the DSM-IV criteria. Treatment involves psychosocial interventions, behavior management training, and stimulant medication which effectively treat the core symptoms of ADHD.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) & Latest Research Findings -...manojpradeep21
ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood that is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is caused by abnormalities in dopamine neurotransmission in the brain. The symptoms must be present before age 7 and in multiple environments. It is diagnosed through clinical interviews and behavioral rating scales. Treatments include behavioral therapy, medication, and accommodations to help those with ADHD function better. ADHD often persists into adulthood if not properly treated as a child.
Hyperkinetic disorder, also known as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), is characterized by inattentive, restless and impulsive behavior. It is caused by both genetic and environmental factors and affects 5-10% of school-aged children. The three main subtypes are inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, and combined type. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, which must be present before age 7 and impair functioning. Treatment includes behavioral therapy, psychosocial interventions, and medications like stimulants and antidepressants. Comorbid conditions are common and outcomes vary depending on the individual and treatments.
Social What directed your interest to this.docxwrite12
The document discusses why the person is interested in social work. They grew up seeing friends' parents addicted to drugs and in foster care, directing their interest to help address problems like drugs, poverty, and lack of guidance. Their goals are to open a teenage shelter and drug rehab programs one day. They believe their dedication enables them to study and practice social work to help address important social issues.
Soap notes will be uploaded to Moodle and put through.docxwrite12
This soap note documents a visit for a 65-year-old male patient complaining of headaches for the past two weeks. On examination, the patient's blood pressure was elevated on multiple readings. The assessment is essential (primary) hypertension. The plan includes starting hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg daily, as well as lifestyle modifications and follow up with his primary care provider in one week to evaluate blood pressure control. No referrals are needed at this time.
Poverty is one of four social issues that students must write a 400-450 word mini-essay about for a class assignment. The assignment requires students to choose three social issues to write about, with the fourth essay topic being on poverty. All four mini-essays must be combined into a single document and meet the 1,200 total word count for the assignment.
1) This soap note document outlines the typical sections and information included in a soap note for a patient with diabetes mellitus. It includes sections for identifying data, subjective data, objective data, assessment, and plan.
2) The subjective section includes symptoms, review of systems, past medical history, family history, social history, and allergies/medications as they relate to the complaint.
3) The objective section includes vital signs, physical exam findings described in detail for relevant systems, and any abnormalities fully described.
Social disorganization refers to the inability of a community to realize common values or solve emerging problems. Socially disorganized neighborhoods typically have high rates of poverty, residential mobility, and ethnic heterogeneity which undermine the ability of a community to exercise informal social control. Research shows that socially disorganized areas tend to have weaker social ties between neighbors and higher crime rates.
This document provides instructions for a SOC101 assignment where students are asked to interview someone over age 65 about their experiences with age and happiness. The interview is meant to help students connect course concepts to real life by gaining perspectives from other demographics. Students are given qualitative questions to ask and should write a substantive report summarizing the conversation rather than providing a full transcript, keeping the subject anonymous.
This presentation discusses the diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder based on a case scenario. It outlines the diagnostic criteria and symptoms of bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, describing treatment strategies and interventions for each, such as medications and therapies. The presentation concludes with a reference page.
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ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental disorder affecting approximately 5% of children and 4% of adults in the US. It is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is diagnosed based on whether these symptoms interfere with daily functioning. Treatment involves lifestyle changes, behavioral therapy, and medication like stimulants. With early diagnosis and treatment, most people with ADHD can lead normal, productive lives.
This document provides information about Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) for parents. It defines ADHD as a brain disorder causing inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsiveness. Risk factors include prenatal complications and chemical imbalances in the brain. ADHD is diagnosed when symptoms impair functioning and are present in multiple settings. Treatment involves medications that increase dopamine/norepinephrine to improve focus, as well as behavioral therapies. Parents should monitor their child's progress, side effects and work with teachers/providers to implement skills training and accountability.
This document discusses attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It begins by defining ADHD as a neurobehavioral condition characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is most commonly diagnosed in childhood and can continue into adulthood. The document outlines the signs and symptoms of ADHD, the three main types (combined, inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive), potential causes including genetics, and diagnosis process. It discusses treatments like medications and therapies, famous people who have ADHD, myths about the disorder, and skills for treating patients with ADHD.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is typically diagnosed in childhood and often persists into adulthood. The exact causes are unknown but are believed to involve genetic and environmental factors that affect brain development and neurotransmitter function. Common comorbid conditions include learning disabilities, depression, and anxiety. Treatment involves behavioral therapy, classroom accommodations, and medication such as stimulants. Ongoing research aims to better understand the neurological mechanisms, identify genetic and environmental risk factors, and develop new therapeutic approaches.
Briefly share with the class the issue analysis paper written in .docxMikeEly930
Briefly share with the class the issue analysis paper written in week 4 attached. Share one recommendation that you made for solving the problem.
Start a New Conversation
Display Message Content
Forums
/
Week 8 Forum 7
/ Discussion Wrap-up
< Previous Topic
|
Next Topic >
Briefly share with the class the issue you wrote about in your Week 4 Issue Analysis and Application Paper. Also share
at least one recommendation you made for solving the problem you identified.
Describe three things you learned from the course that you will want to remember 5 years from now. These can be ideas, concepts, techniques, etc. that you think are memorable and will be useful in the future. This portion of the forum calls for you to reflect on what in the course was meaningful to you, and to articulate this beyond a list or summary of textbook chapter ideas.
Adult aging psychology is the course
Childhood conduct problems and adult criminality
Part I, Issue Analysis
This paper will focus on childhood conduct problems and adult criminality. In the paper
deficit disorders with or without hyperactivity (ADHD)
will be analyzed and how it causes criminal activity in adulthood.
According to past research, adult males are more affected by the ADHD compared to adult women. This paper will help us understand why this is the case. It is not in all cases that a child diagnosed with ADHD will be a criminal, but the occurrence rate of ADHD patients being criminals is considerably high. About 50% of children with the disorder ends up committing serious activities of crime and widens records of arrest.
Attention Deficit Disorders With or Without Hyperactivity (ADHD)
When a person has low
brain dysfunctions
or unusual cerebral structures he/she may experience explosive rage periods that may cause violent episodes, hence violent crimes. It is these brain dysfunctions that are diagnosed as ADHD that causes antisocial behavior. It is very common to find ADHD levels among criminal justice system offenders. About 25% of inmates in prison are diagnosed with ADHD with about 70% percent of prisoners exhibiting a considerable level of ADHD symptoms. Further, there is an association of ADHD with other conditions that increases levels of offending, including deficits in neuropsychological, low cognitive and academic skills, psychological problems, defiance and aggression and also truancy.
ADHD Characteristic Traits
A child with ADHD will have concentration problems, hyperactivity and will be impulsive. The child will not be able to sit still, control his/her behavior,
will have problems with
concentration. ADHD is classified into three
cat
e
gories
: Type one is called predominantly inattentive type. Children with this disorder
show difficulty
with focusing on school work, being organized, keeping track and paying attention. The second type is called the hyperactive-inattentive. Children with this type of disorder tend to twitch and squirm,
d
o not manage to.
The Importance Of ADHD In The ClassroomMonica Carter
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is becoming more prevalent among American students. The condition is primarily treated with stimulant medications like Adderall, but concerns over widespread use and potential abuse have led researchers to explore alternative therapies. Studies show individuals with ADHD have low dopamine levels in key brain areas, and exercise is known to raise dopamine levels. Research on the benefits of exercise for ADHD students is promising, with one study finding it can positively impact symptoms. Further research on non-pharmaceutical options is still needed.
Genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd)Joy Maria Mitchell
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder. ADHD is the commonly studied and
diagnosed as psychiatric disorder. Here we shall see the relation between extraversion and ADHD, neuroticism,
biological relation, Environmental factors and with diagnosis of ADHD. It is known that Genetics is one of the factors
that may contribute to, or exacerbate ADHD. Recent research probing towards the environmental and Genetic factors
causing ADHD differences is the main source for investigation
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic condition that affects millions of children and often continues into adulthood.
•ADHD includes a combination of persistent problems, such as difficulty sustaining attention, hyperactivity and impulsive behavior.
•Children with ADHD also may struggle with low self-esteem, troubled relationships and poor performance in school.
•Symptoms sometimes lessen with age.
• However, some people never completely outgrow their ADHD symptoms. But they can learn strategies to be successful.
Loading…
•The primary features of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder include inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behavior.
• ADHD symptoms start before age 12, and in some children, they're noticeable as early as 3 years of age. ADHD symptoms can be mild, moderate or severe, and they may continue into adulthood.
Behavioral disorders are commonly diagnosed in children and can negatively impact one's ability to maintain relationships and employment if left untreated. They include conditions like anxiety disorders, ADHD, dissociative disorders, emotional disorders, and pervasive developmental disorders like autism. ADHD is characterized by an inability to focus and control impulsive behaviors. It is more commonly diagnosed in boys than girls. While behavioral disorders mainly present with emotional symptoms like anger and frustration, they can also lead to physical issues like substance abuse problems. Treatment options include medication and therapy, though medication alone is not a cure and symptoms may still persist into adulthood.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders in children characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is diagnosed based on symptoms that cause impairment in multiple settings according to the DSM-IV criteria. Treatment involves psychosocial interventions, behavior management training, and stimulant medication which effectively treat the core symptoms of ADHD.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) & Latest Research Findings -...manojpradeep21
ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood that is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is caused by abnormalities in dopamine neurotransmission in the brain. The symptoms must be present before age 7 and in multiple environments. It is diagnosed through clinical interviews and behavioral rating scales. Treatments include behavioral therapy, medication, and accommodations to help those with ADHD function better. ADHD often persists into adulthood if not properly treated as a child.
Hyperkinetic disorder, also known as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), is characterized by inattentive, restless and impulsive behavior. It is caused by both genetic and environmental factors and affects 5-10% of school-aged children. The three main subtypes are inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, and combined type. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, which must be present before age 7 and impair functioning. Treatment includes behavioral therapy, psychosocial interventions, and medications like stimulants and antidepressants. Comorbid conditions are common and outcomes vary depending on the individual and treatments.
Social What directed your interest to this.docxwrite12
The document discusses why the person is interested in social work. They grew up seeing friends' parents addicted to drugs and in foster care, directing their interest to help address problems like drugs, poverty, and lack of guidance. Their goals are to open a teenage shelter and drug rehab programs one day. They believe their dedication enables them to study and practice social work to help address important social issues.
Soap notes will be uploaded to Moodle and put through.docxwrite12
This soap note documents a visit for a 65-year-old male patient complaining of headaches for the past two weeks. On examination, the patient's blood pressure was elevated on multiple readings. The assessment is essential (primary) hypertension. The plan includes starting hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg daily, as well as lifestyle modifications and follow up with his primary care provider in one week to evaluate blood pressure control. No referrals are needed at this time.
Poverty is one of four social issues that students must write a 400-450 word mini-essay about for a class assignment. The assignment requires students to choose three social issues to write about, with the fourth essay topic being on poverty. All four mini-essays must be combined into a single document and meet the 1,200 total word count for the assignment.
1) This soap note document outlines the typical sections and information included in a soap note for a patient with diabetes mellitus. It includes sections for identifying data, subjective data, objective data, assessment, and plan.
2) The subjective section includes symptoms, review of systems, past medical history, family history, social history, and allergies/medications as they relate to the complaint.
3) The objective section includes vital signs, physical exam findings described in detail for relevant systems, and any abnormalities fully described.
Social disorganization refers to the inability of a community to realize common values or solve emerging problems. Socially disorganized neighborhoods typically have high rates of poverty, residential mobility, and ethnic heterogeneity which undermine the ability of a community to exercise informal social control. Research shows that socially disorganized areas tend to have weaker social ties between neighbors and higher crime rates.
This document provides instructions for a SOC101 assignment where students are asked to interview someone over age 65 about their experiences with age and happiness. The interview is meant to help students connect course concepts to real life by gaining perspectives from other demographics. Students are given qualitative questions to ask and should write a substantive report summarizing the conversation rather than providing a full transcript, keeping the subject anonymous.
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1. ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD)
ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD)Attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) can be said to be a development disorder that is exhibited through
impulsivity, hyperactivity and inattention (Raishevich and Jensen, 2007). There are many
other behavioral disorders that can be diagnosed in children but ADHD is most common
having 8 – 12% of school aged children being affected by it (Kim et al, 2009). Impulsivity,
hyperactivity and inattention are not uncommon in people but in people with ADHD these
symptoms are found to greatly interfere with their daily life. The symptoms mostly start to
show before 7 years of age and pose problems mostly at school and at home (Brown, 2006).
The symptoms continue to show in majority of children with ADHD as they grow up.
Because of the lack of an objective way that can measure the behavior of a child and the lack
of lab tests for ADHD, controversy can arise in the diagnosis. Disagreement can also be
found among experts on the best approach to treat the disorder. However, it is generally
agreed that early action would improve the social and educational development of the
child.Signs and SymptomsThe symptoms of ADHD can be categorized into three;
inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsivity (Raishevich and Jensen, 2007). One type can
be very prevalent in a child or the child may have a combination of the types. Children
exhibiting Inattentiveness are often less disruptive hence hard to realize their problem
early enough. In the symptom of inattentiveness the child is unable to pay close attention to
details and their school work is full of careless mistakes. During tasks or play the individual
has a hard time keeping attention. When spoken to directly, the child seems to not listen
and behaves as if he or she is not being addressed. The person lacks to follow through on
instructions and does not complete assigned duties in the workplace, school work or chores.
Organizing duties, activities and tasks poses a problem to him or her. Tasks that require
sustained mental efforts are very challenging to them therefore they dislike or avoid them.
The person is also likely to lose tools needed for activities and tasks such as pencils, books,
spanners, rakes and the likes. Distraction comes easily and forgetfulness is also more
frequent in their daily activities (Raishevich and Jensen, 2007).Hyperactivity symptoms
include fidgeting with hands and feet or squirming in the seat. When required to seat the
person leaves the seat. In children running around and climbing in inappropriate situations
is seen. The individual also has difficulty in doing their activities quietly. Often he or she acts
as if “ driven by a motor” and doesn’ t seem to stay at one place concentrating on one thing
(Akhondzadeh and Noorbala, 2006).Very impulsive behavior is present in a person with
ADHD. A good example is blurting out of answers even before the complete question has
2. been asked. During group activities the person has a hard time waiting for their turn and
often engages in the activity before their turn. Interruption and intrusion into other
people’ s affairs is common for instance the individual can butt into their colleagues’
conversation.Causes and incidencesCauses of ADHD are not known specifically and
research continues into the factors leading to this disorder. However, there are some factors
that are considered to cause or exacerbate the problem such as genetics, physical and social
environments and diet. The disorder is highly inheritable with 75 percent of the cases
having a genetic factor (Farone and Mick, 2010). Exposure to particular toxins during
childhood or maternally is a factor. ADHD develops in children born by women who were
exposed to smoking, drinking and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) during their time of
pregnancy (Kim et al, 2009). Exposure to lead, phthalates or PCBs increases the likelihood
of developing the disorder. The brains of ADHD children and those of non ADHD children
are different as evidenced by brain scans. An example is the altered brain activity observed
in the prefrontal cortex in ADHD children. This part of the brain is thought to be the
command centre therefore the altered brain activity in this part may affect the child or
individual’ s ability to control their hyperactive or impulsive behaviors (Heinrich et al,
2007). According to researchers, excessively slow wave or theta activity in particular
regions of the brain can cause hyperactivity in children.Risk FactorsGender is one factor
considered in the diagnosis of ADHD with boys developing the disorder 4 – 9 times more
than girls (Farone and Mick, 2010). There are experts who believe that ADHD is
undiagnosed in girls. However, recent research opposes the idea and considers there to be
no association between the sex of a child and ADHD. Children with ADHD commonly have a
relative of the first degree suffering from the same disorder hence heredity is another risk
factor. Prenatal and early postnatal health is also factors that pose risk to the child. Use of
drugs, alcohol and cigarettes in pregnant women, as well as exposing infants or the fetus to
toxic substances and deficiencies in nutrition can lead to the development of ADHD (Nigg et
al, 2010). Other behavioral disorders such as conduct disorder should also be taken
seriously as they might be initial signs of the development of ADHD.Signs and
TestsIncorrect labeling is very common in ADHD. Also, ADHD children sometimes remain
undiagnosed. In order to clarify the test and diagnosis of ADHD, the American Academy of
Pediatrics (AAP) has some guidelines to be used (Radar et al, 2009. During diagnosis,
specific symptoms are investigated in different settings. At least six attention, hyperactivity
or impulsivity symptoms should be present and some of these are supposed to be observed
before age 7. The symptoms must be seen in the individual for at least six months, in more
than one setting and not be caused by any other problem. The level of difficulty caused by
the symptoms in different settings should be high. As a result of the symptoms being severe,
school, home and relations with peers will be difficult (Brown, 2006). Partial remission is
observed in older children who have the symptoms still but the disorder is not fully defined.
Evaluation of a child is required once suspicion of the disorder sets in. In the evaluation
parent and teacher questionnaires may be used. This is because school and home are the
settings where the symptoms and effects of the disorder are observed most. Psychological
evaluation of both the child and the family is also carried out. In the psychological
evaluation IQ tests and other psychological tests are performed. Examination of the
3. psychosocial, physical, mental, nutritional and developmental aspects of the patient will be
carried out too (Radar et al, 2009).PreventionThere are no stipulated preventive measures
in ADHD since the specific causes of the disorder are not known. However, the condition can
be managed with behavioral therapy, changes in lifestyle and medication. Early
identification and treatment of the condition is also beneficial as it helps to prevent most of
the problems that are associated with the disorder.TreatmentTreatment of ADHD especially
in children is a controversial matter. Currently, therapy, medication or both are used in
treatment (Radar et al, 2009). Some studies show that using medication to treat the
disorder without some sort of therapy reduces the long term outcomes of the child. Therapy
includes family and behavioral therapy as well as training in social and parental skills. Most
parents investigate nutritional therapies but the effectiveness of the nutritional therapies
has so far not been proven. Homeopathy and mind/body techniques may help improve
behavior in ADHD children as shown by preliminary evidence (Frei et al, 2006).LifestyleIn
order to manage the child’ s behavior, skilled clinicians offer parental skills training which
equip the parents with tools and techniques. Rewarding of appropriate behavior and
discouraging destructive behavior is taught. Parents and teachers in conjunction with
doctors and therapists perform this technique. Written behavioral contracts, tokens and
points are examples of rewards that can be used by parents on older children with ADHD
(Brown, 2006). Charts with stars for good behavior can be created for younger children.
Undesirable behavior can be discouraged through the use of timeouts. There are other
techniques that can be used, such as rules that are understandable, suitable in development
progress and not that harsh. Repeated commands need to be avoided after reminding the
child of the repercussions that will follow. Discipline should come before anger and
frustration sets in. it is also encouraged for praise to be given to the child after he or she
follows the rules and behaves in an appropriate manner.Additionally, changes in the
workplace or classroom play a significant role in the treatment plan. Highly structured
settings should be created for hyperactive children by the teacher who should be qualified
in handling behavior that is disruptive and one who easily adapts to the distinctive
cognitive style of hyperactive children (Frei et al, 2006). As a result of the challenges faced
by an ADHD child in interacting, social skills training, appropriate placement in the
classroom and elaborate engagement rules with peers are important. Family, couple and
behavioral therapies would benefit ADHD adults.Therapy through medicationThe most
commonly prescribed and most widely researched medications in the treatment of ADHD
are stimulants. The principle behind their improvement of ADHD symptoms is not yet fully
understood by researchers. However, studies indicate that the level of concentration of
serotonin and dopamine in the brain is increased by taking these drugs. Serotonin is
associated with mood and well being whereas dopamine is associated with activity
(Akhondzadeh and Noorbala, 2006). Atomoxetine is the first drug that is a non stimulant
medication approved to treat ADHD. This drug increases dopamine and norepinephrine
levels in the brain. Since it was first developed as an antidepressant, it carries a warning
indicating its possible effect of causing suicide thoughts in teenagers and children.
Methylphenidate, Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate, Amphetamine and Dextroamphetamine
are the most common stimulants prescribed for ADHD (Radar et al, 2009). Trouble sleeping,
4. nervousness and decreased appetite are some common side effects of these
medications.Alternative TherapiesRecent survey shows that alternative treatments are
being used by parents of children with ADHD. The most commonly used alternative
treatment is nutritional therapy. Despite the conflicting results shown by studies,
elimination of foods that the child is sensitive to should be considered after consulting with
the doctor in order to see if the symptoms will improve (Brown, 2006). The doctor’ s
supervision is necessary when a parent decides to undertake alternative
treatment.DietsBenjamin Feingold developed the Feingold diet in 1970s in his belief that
hyperactivity and learning disabilities in children were influenced majorly by flavors,
artificial colors, naturally occurring salicylates and preservatives (Weber and Newmark,
2007). Mixed results have been found in studies with some showing no benefits of diet
while others finding a little improvement in the symptoms. The Feingold diet is complex,
difficult to follow and changes the lifestyle of the family hence consultation with the doctor
before trying it is important.The other dietary therapies focus on more consumption of
foods rich in protein and complex carbohydrates and minimal consumption of foods with
sugar and artificial sweeteners. Hyperactivity in a certain study was found to increase
among children after consumption of foods with additives and food coloring. There is
however no study that has proved any relation between sugar and ADHD. There is also
another study that found no difference in behavior between the children whose diets were
high in artificial sweeteners and sugar and those whose diet was free of them (Weber and
Newmark, 2007). This result was obtained even in parents who considered their children
were sensitive to sugar. The doctors who concentrate on nutrition express their confidence
as they have experienced positive results from food allergies testing and the use of an
elimination diet. Parents that consider food allergy testing and elimination diet to be
beneficial are encouraged to talk to a doctor experienced in nutrition for ADHD children.
Magnesium is one mineral that is believed to cause symptoms of ADHD when deficient.
Magnesium supplements offered to magnesium deficient ADHD children may improve
behavior. Vitamin B6 is required in the manufacture of brain chemicals such as dopamine
and serotonin which are thought to cause ADHD (Weber and Newmark, 2007). The
doctor’ s supervision is critical before administering B6 to a child due to its dangerous
effects when taken in high doses. Zinc, essential fatty acids and L – Carnitine are the other
vitamins and minerals that are believed to improve behavior in ADHD children. All of these
mineral and vitamins have dangerous side effects when taken in high doses therefore they
should not be administered before talking to a doctor.Use of HerbsUse of herbs is generally
safer when strengthening and toning the body’ s systems. Herbs can be used as dry
extracts, tinctures or glycerites. A teaspoon of herb per cup of hot water is recommendable
unless directed otherwise. Two to four cups of the herb can be taken per day. There are no
scientific studies that have been carried out yet to establish whether the herbal remedies
sold in Europe and the United States improve symptoms of the disorder. The common
recommended calming herbs for ADHD include Valerian, Lemon balm, Roman Chamomile
and Passionflower (Radar et al, 2009).Other techniques:HomeopathyThe physical,
psychological and emotional make-up of an individual is first considered before a remedy is
prescribed in homeopathy. Experienced homeopaths ensure all these factors are assessed in
5. order to determine the most appropriate treatment for each individual. Cina, Stramonium
and Hyoscyamus niger are among the homeopathic remedies that have been found to be
most effective (Frei et al, 2006).MassageMassage can be used as a relaxation technique in
reducing anxiety and activity levels in teens and children. Compared to muscle relaxation,
massage is found to be more effective in improving behavior and concentration in children
and teenagers (Weber and Newmark, 2007).BiofeedbackHypnotherapy, biofeedback and
progressive relaxation are examples of mind/body techniques that can be used in treating
teens and children (Holtmann and Stadler, 2006). These techniques teach the children
copying skills which they can use the rest of their lives. The treatments give the children
and teenagers a sense of control and mastery, decrease stress and increase their self-
esteem. The principle behind biofeedback is that brain activity associated with ADHD can be
modified in children through training as well as increasing the brain activity associated with
attention and concentration (Holtmann and Stadler, 2006).ConclusionAttention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a term associated with developmental problem affecting
children, teenagers and adults. The characteristics of the ailment include, being inattentive
and impulsive as well as being hyperactive. The specific causes of the disorder are not
known but there are some factors considered to lead to or increase symptoms of the
problem (Brown, 2006). Since the specific causes of the disorder are not known, prevention
measures are not available. The testing of the problem requires a series of tests,
observations and interviews. Treatment can be administered through medication, therapy
or both. Utilizing both therapy and medication in the treatment of ADHD reduces behavioral
problems of patients as they grow up and ensures the disorder is effectively managed
throughout the life of the individual.References:Brown, T. E. (2006). Attention Deficit
Disorder: The Unfocused Mind in Children and Adults. London: Yale University
Press.Farone, S. & Mick, E. (2010). Molecular Genetics of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder. Psychiatric Clinics of North America 33(1).Frei, H., von Ammon, K. & Thurneysen
A. (2006). Treatment of hyperactive children: increased efficiency through modifications of
homeopathic diagnostic procedure. Homeopathy. 95(3):163-70.Heinrich, H., Gevensleben,
H. & Strehl U. (2007). Annotation: neurofeedback – train your brain to train behaviour. J
Child Psychol Psychiatry. 48(1):3-16.Holtmann, M. & Stadler, C. (2006).
Electroencephalographic biofeedback for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity
disorder in childhood and adolescence. Expert Rev Neurother. 6(4):533-40.Kim, B.N. et al.
(2009). Phthalates exposure and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in school-age
children. Biol Psych. 66(10):958-63.Nigg, J.T., Nikolas, M., Knottnerus, M., Cavanaugh, K. &
Friderici, K. (2010). Confirmation and extension of association of blood lead with attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptom domains at population-typical
exposure levels. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 51(1):58-65.Noorbala, A.A. & Akhondzadeh, S.
(2006). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: etiology and pharmacotherapy. Arch Iran
Med. 9(4):374-80.Rader, R., McCauley, L. & Callen, E. (2009). Current Strategies in the
Diagnosis and Treatment of Childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Am Fam
Phys. 79(8).Raishevich, N., & Jensen, P. (2007). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. In:
Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF , eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th
ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: W.B. Saunders Company; ch. 31.Weber, W. &Newmark, S. (2007).
6. Complementary and Alternative Medical Therapies for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder and Autism. Pediatric Clinics of North America 54(6).