This document discusses animal adaptations. It defines adaptations as physical or behavioral traits that help animals survive in their environments. Physical adaptations are body structures, while behavioral adaptations are actions. Examples of physical adaptations include camouflage, mimicry, chemical defenses, and body parts. Behavioral adaptations allow animals to regulate homeostasis and respond to their needs. The document also explains how endothermic and ectothermic animals regulate their body temperatures through different physical adaptations.
ICSE Class IX Biology Introducing Biology- TopperLearningAlok Singh
Science is an organised body of knowledge, supported by observation and experimentation, derived from the study of natural phenomena of the entire material universe
TO FOLLOW THESE SLIDES you will learn about the adaptive radiations involve in evolution .
yo will learn about the parallel adaptations and its types
speciation role in the evolution
factors
key innvations
to imrove the article involving examples
Founder events
Adaptive plasticity
process of adaptive radiation
Factors promote adaptive radiations
Factors underlying adaptive radiations
defined by 0.S OSBORN
ecological space
geological
climatological
Islands
examplrs: 1.Darwin Finches 2.Cichlid fish genome -adaptive evolution, Stanford scientists
3.Anolis Lizards
Factors promote adaptive radiations
1.Generally speaking, adaptive radiations occur when new, unoccupied ecological niches become accessible to a founder population.
This can happen after a mass extinction during which the previous occupiers of those niches died out.
t can also happen when a colonizing species arrives at an island. (For instance the ancestor of the honeycreepers in Hawaii, or of Darwin's "finches" in the Galapagos)
Honey creeper
Change feeding habitat
At least 56 species of Hawaiian honeycreepers known to have existed, although all but 18 of them are now extinct.
Lack of competition. When a species enters an adaptive zone, it is poorly equipped to compete with species that have become adapted to the same niche.
For example, mudskippers are fish that are making a living on land, but they are marine fish and they don't have to compete against frogs and salamanders, which are restricted to fresh water. That is why we don't see freshwater mudskippers.
process of adaptive radiation
Ecological Release Colonization of species.
Taxon cycle
Habitat varying as population expand- species dispersal.
Adaptive plasticity Phenotypic plasticity(behavior change)
Property of an individual or genotype that may be adaptive, maladaptive or neutral with regard to an individual's fitness.
The particular way an individual's (or genotype's) phenotype varies across environments can be described as a reaction norm (Single genotype-phenotypic expression)
Speciation in adaptive radiation Founder events
ICSE Class IX Biology Introducing Biology- TopperLearningAlok Singh
Science is an organised body of knowledge, supported by observation and experimentation, derived from the study of natural phenomena of the entire material universe
TO FOLLOW THESE SLIDES you will learn about the adaptive radiations involve in evolution .
yo will learn about the parallel adaptations and its types
speciation role in the evolution
factors
key innvations
to imrove the article involving examples
Founder events
Adaptive plasticity
process of adaptive radiation
Factors promote adaptive radiations
Factors underlying adaptive radiations
defined by 0.S OSBORN
ecological space
geological
climatological
Islands
examplrs: 1.Darwin Finches 2.Cichlid fish genome -adaptive evolution, Stanford scientists
3.Anolis Lizards
Factors promote adaptive radiations
1.Generally speaking, adaptive radiations occur when new, unoccupied ecological niches become accessible to a founder population.
This can happen after a mass extinction during which the previous occupiers of those niches died out.
t can also happen when a colonizing species arrives at an island. (For instance the ancestor of the honeycreepers in Hawaii, or of Darwin's "finches" in the Galapagos)
Honey creeper
Change feeding habitat
At least 56 species of Hawaiian honeycreepers known to have existed, although all but 18 of them are now extinct.
Lack of competition. When a species enters an adaptive zone, it is poorly equipped to compete with species that have become adapted to the same niche.
For example, mudskippers are fish that are making a living on land, but they are marine fish and they don't have to compete against frogs and salamanders, which are restricted to fresh water. That is why we don't see freshwater mudskippers.
process of adaptive radiation
Ecological Release Colonization of species.
Taxon cycle
Habitat varying as population expand- species dispersal.
Adaptive plasticity Phenotypic plasticity(behavior change)
Property of an individual or genotype that may be adaptive, maladaptive or neutral with regard to an individual's fitness.
The particular way an individual's (or genotype's) phenotype varies across environments can be described as a reaction norm (Single genotype-phenotypic expression)
Speciation in adaptive radiation Founder events
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How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
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This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
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Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
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at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
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A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
4. How do adaptations help animals
survive in their environment?
• An adaptation is a body part or
behavior that helps an animal survive
in a particular environment.
• Adaptation can help an animal
breathe, catch food, or hide.
• All animals are adapted to live in
certain habitats.
• Animals that cannot adapt will die
out.
5. body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an
animal
breathe,
catch
food, or
hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats.
6. We can separate adaptations into two
categories:
Physical
AND
Behavioral
7. body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an
animal
breathe,
catch
food, or
hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
9. body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an
animal
breathe,
catch
food, or
hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
11. body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an
animal
breathe,
catch
food, or
hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflage
use of color in a
surrounding
12. Mimicry
(looking or sounding like another living organism)
TheViceroybutterflyusesmimicrytolookliketheMonarchbutterfly.Canyoutell
themapart?
P oisonous
Notpoisonous
Physical adaptation
I ’mtheMonarch!
I ’mtheViceroy!
13. body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an
animal
breathe,
catch
food, or
hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflage
use of color in a
surrounding
Mimicry
(looking or
sounding like
another living
organism)
15. body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an
animal
breathe,
catch
food, or
hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflage
use of color in a
surrounding
Mimicry
(looking or
sounding like
another living
organism)
Chemical
defenses
(like venom,
ink, sprays)
16. Body coverings & parts (claws, beaks, feet,
armor plates, skulls, teeth)
Physical adaptations
Theelephant’strunk isaphysical adaptationthathelpsittocleanitself,
eat,drink,andtopickthingsup.
17. body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an
animal
breathe,
catch
food, or
hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflage
use of color in a
surrounding
Mimicry
(looking or
sounding like
another living
organism)
Chemical
defenses
(like venom,
ink, sprays)
Body coverings
& parts
(claws, beaks, feet,
armor plates, skulls,
teeth)
19. body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an
animal
breathe,
catch
food, or
hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflage
use of color in a
surrounding
Mimicry
(looking or
sounding like
another living
organism)
Chemical
defenses
(like venom,
ink, sprays)
Body coverings
& parts
(claws, beaks, feet,
armor plates, skulls,
teeth)
allow animals to
respond to life
needs.
20. Each organism has unique
methods of adapting to its
environment by means of
different actions.
Behavioral Adaptations are
animals’ actions.
Remember that Physical
Adaptations are body
structures.
21. body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an
animal
breathe,
catch
food, or
hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflage
use of color in a
surrounding
Mimicry
(looking or
sounding like
another living
organism)
Chemical
defenses
(like venom,
ink, sprays)
Body coverings
& parts
(claws, beaks, feet,
armor plates, skulls,
teeth)
allow animals to
respond to life
needs.
animals’
actions
22. Homeostasis
• Maintenance of constant internal
conditions in the face of a varying
external environment.
• Examples:
– The thickening of fur in winter.
– The seeking of shade in heat.
– The production of more red blood cells at
high altitude.
25. Maintenance of constant internal
conditions in the face of a varying
external environment
Endotherms Ectotherms
26. Endotherms
• Endotherms are animals that warm
their bodies mainly from their own
metabolism.
– We call these animals warm-blooded.
– Maintain a constant body temperature
regardless of changes in the surrounding
temperature
27. Maintenance of constant internal
conditions in the face of a varying
external environment
Endotherms Ectotherms
animals that warm their
bodies mainly from their
own metabolism
Warm-
blooded
Body temp the
same
regardless of
weather
28. How do endothems adapt?
• Fat layers, fur, and feathers
insulate the body and
retain heat.
• Shivering muscles contract
to increase body heat.
• Some animals hibernate.
Hibernation enables
animals to survive long
periods of cold and lack of
food.
• Canines, like this Brittany,
use panting as a means of
temperature regulation.
29. Maintenance of constant internal
conditions in the face of a varying
external environment
Endotherms Ectotherms
animals that warm their
bodies mainly from their
own metabolism
Warm-
blooded
Body temp the
same
regardless of
weather
How do
endothems
adapt?
Fat
layers,
fur, and
feathers
Shivering
Muscles
Hibernation
30. Ectotherms
• Ectotherms are animals that warm
their bodies by absorbing heat from
their surroundings.
– We call these animals cold-blooded
– Body temperature fluctuates with
changes in the surrounding temperature.
31. Maintenance of constant internal
conditions in the face of a varying
external environment
Endotherms Ectotherms
animals that warm their
bodies mainly from their
own metabolism
Warm-
blooded
Body temp the
same
regardless of
weather
How do
endothems
adapt?
Fat
layers,
fur, and
feathers
Shivering
Muscles
Hibernation
animals that warm their
bodies by absorbing heat
from their surroundings
Cold-
blooded
Body Temp
changes
with weather
32. How do ectotherms adapt?
• Most marine fish and
invertebrates, however, live in
water that stays the same
temperature.
• When the weather is warm, they
become active. They slow down
when the temperature drops.
– To warm up, reptiles find sunny
places, and stretch out for
maximum exposure. If it gets too
warm, lizards alternate between
sun and shade.
– Amphibians warm up by moving
into the sun or diving into warm
water. They cool off by entering
the shade.
33. Maintenance of constant internal
conditions in the face of a varying
external environment
Endotherms Ectotherms
animals that warm their
bodies mainly from their
own metabolism
Warm-
blooded
Body temp the
same
regardless of
weather
How do
endothems
adapt?
Fat
layers,
fur, and
feathers
Shivering
Muscles
Hibernation
animals that warm their
bodies by absorbing heat
from their surroundings
Cold-
blooded
Body Temp
changes
with weather
How do ectotherms
adapt?
weather is
warm, they
become active.
They slow
down when the
temperature
drops.
warm up by
moving into
the sun or
diving into
warm water
cool off by
entering the
shade
34. Example of Adaptation
• The shape of an
animal’s teeth is
related to its diet.
– Herbivores, such as
deer, have many
molars for chewing
tough grass and
plants.
– Carnivores, such as
lions, have sharp
canines to kill and
tear meat.
35. Who experiences adaptations?
• All species have experienced adaptation and will
continue to slowly adapt as the next generations are
born.
• We will identify certain species from each of these
groups and the reasons for their success:
– Mammals
– Birds
– Reptiles
– Amphibians
36. Mammals
• Endothermic or
warm-blooded
• All have some type of
“hair”
– Some are very
specialized, such as
white polar bear fur
• Method of locomotion
• Care for young
38. Reptiles
• Ectothermic or
cold- blooded
• Scales
• Some undergo
hibernation and
estivation
• Lay eggs on land
• Leg structure and
position
39. Amphibians
• Ectothermic
• Lay eggs in water
• Partially of fully
webbed feet
• Have lungs or can
absorb oxygen through
their skin
40. Animal Defense
• Some animals use these
methods of defense to
protect themselves:
– Camouflage
• Snake
– Mimicry
• Mexican Milk Snake
– Bright colors
• Skunk and Poison Arrow
Frog
– “Hair” projections
• Hedgehog quills
• Deer Antlers
41. Adaptation Applications: Lions
• Why are the eyes of a
lion set in front of the
head rather than on
the sides?
• Answer: Eyes in front
of the head allow for
depth perception and
ability to judge
distances when
hunting.
42. Adaptation Applications: Lions
• What is the purpose of the
mane on a male lion? What
is the reason for the lion’s
color?
• A thick mane helps the
male to appear larger and
serves as protection for the
throat. The tawny brown
coat color camouflages the
animal and young among
vegetation.
43. Adaptation Applications: Giraffe
• Why are giraffes able
to go for long periods of
time without water?
• Answer: Giraffes drink
water when available,
but can go weeks
without it. They rely
on morning dew and
the water content of
their food.
44. Adaptation Applications: Giraffe
• How are their long necks
adapted to their lifestyle?
• Answer: This extra length
is thought to have evolved
to help the giraffe spot
predators and other
giraffes in the distance.
Interestingly, giraffes and
humans have the same
number of vertebrate in
their necks.
45. Adaptation Applications: Zebras
• How do zebras defend
themselves?
• Capable of running up to
40 mph. Zebras defend
themselves by kicking and
biting. Coloration also
plays a role in evading
predators, although
theories have not reached
an agreement.
46. Resources
• This PowerPoint is partially adapted from Ms.
Weinberg. The original PowerPoint can be viewed at
– http://www.quia.com/files/quia/users/amiew/Anim
• It is also partially adapted from an animal
adaptation powerpoint created by City of Corpus
Christi Museum of Science and History the original
can be viewed at
– http://
www.ccmuseumedres.com/Animal%20Adaptations.pp
• http://science.jrank.org/pages/6750/Temperature-Reg
• http://science.jrank.org/pages/6749/Temperature-Reg