This document provides an overview of prepositions, conjunctions, interjections, and articles. It defines each part of speech and provides examples. For prepositions, it lists common prepositions and examples of prepositional phrases. For conjunctions, it distinguishes between coordinating conjunctions and correlative conjunctions. It defines interjections and gives examples. Finally, it discusses the indefinite article "a"/"an" and the definite article "the", explaining their uses. The document is intended to teach English grammar.

1. PREPOSITIONS,
CONJUNCTIONS,
INTERJECTIONS
AND
ARTICLES
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

2. Topic - 1
For example:
The boy is under the desk.
The boy is beside the desk.
The boy is on the desk.
A preposition is a
word that relates a
noun or a pronoun to
another word in a
sentence
The boy is against the desk.
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

3. Common Prepositions
about
at
despite
like
to
above
before
down
near
toward
across
behind
during
of
under
after
below
except
off
until
against
beneath
for
on
up
along
beside
from
out
with
among
between
in
over
within
around
beyond
inside
past
without
as
by
into
through
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

4. Find the preposition in each sentence.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
The flowers along the fence were pretty.
Just wait until tomorrow.
Sam left the house without his jacket.
Have you read the letter from your cousin?
During the past month, I have read ten books.
Sally ran across the street.
The chemist knows the answer to the question.
Drive down the road.
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

5. Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
The flowers along the fence were pretty.
Just wait until tomorrow.
Sam left the house without his jacket.
Have you read the letter from your cousin?
During the past month, I have read ten books.
Sally ran across the street.
The chemist knows the answer to the question.
Drive down the road.
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

6. What is a prepositional phrase?
A prepositional phrase is a group of words that
begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or
a pronoun, which is called the object of the
preposition.
prepositional phrase
The boy near the window is a football player.
object of the preposition
preposition
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

7. Now, go back two slides to the “Answers” slide and
identify the entire prepositional phrase in each
sentence.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
The flowers along the fence were pretty.
Just wait until tomorrow.
Sam left the house without his jacket.
Have you read the letter from your cousin?
During the past month, I have read ten books.
Sally ran across the street.
The chemist knows the answer to the question.
Drive down the road.
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

8. Important Fact
Use between when the object of the preposition refers to two
people or things, and use among when speaking of three or
more.
EXAMPLES:
The boy sat between two girls.
The teacher sat among all the students.
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

9. Important Fact #2
Sometimes the same word can be used as a
preposition or as an adverb.
If the word has no object, then it is
an adverb.
I went out.
I went out the door.
adverb
preposition
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

10. Using Prepositional Phrases
An adjective prepositional phrase modifies
a noun or a pronoun. It will tell which one,
how many, or what kind of.
EXAMPLES:
The girl in the hall is my friend.
tells which girl
What kind of soda do you like?
Prepositional phrases beginning with
of are almost always adjective
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
phrases.
26/02/2014

11. Topic - 2
CONJUNCTIONS
….a word used to join words or groups of words.
Coordinating Conjunctions
Correlative Conjunctions
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

12. Two types of
CONJUNCTIONS
Coordinating
conjunctions
Correlative
conjunctions
whether…or
but
and
both…and
nor
yet
for
or
neither…nor
so
either…or
not only…but also
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

13. Coordinating Conjunctions
Allison and Samantha have lived in Mexico.
Give your suitcases and packages to Ben or Ryan.
Tourists shop or relax on the beaches.
Brenda shopped every day, but we toured the city.
I have my research done, yet I haven’t practiced.
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

14. Correlative Conjunctions
Neither Mark nor Aaron speak French.
There are huge buildings in both New York and Chicago.
His speech was not only interesting, but also well
organized.
Emily would get either a red gown or a pink gown
for the prom.
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

15. Topic - 3
Interjections
An interjection is a word or
group of words that expresses emotion.
It has no grammatical connection to
other words in a sentence.
Horray
Oh
No
Oops
Yes
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014
Great

16. Identify the interjection in each
sentence.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Good grief! He is a great kicker.
Oh, I need help with my homework.
“Down!” I shouted to the dog.
Mom called, “Help!”
Gee, I am tired.
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

17. Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Good grief! He is a great kicker.
Oh, I need help with my homework.
“Down!” I shouted to the dog.
Mom called, “Help!”
Gee, I am tired.
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

18. Topic - 4
Articles
1. Indefinite Article ( a, an )
2. Definite Article ( the )
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

19. Use of “ a ”
“ A” is used before consonant sound
E.g.. A boy,
A girl,
A tiger,
Etc.
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

20. Use of “ an ”
1. “An” is used before a vowel sound.
Eg : an orange, an egg, an umbrella
2. “An” is also used before a silent “h”.
Eg : An hour, an honest man, etc,
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

21. Use of “ the ”
1.
With specific words
2.
nouns which are unique
3.
to refer to something that has already been mentioned.
4.
names of people /families/ nationalities in the plural
5.
names of cinemas, hotels, theaters, museums, galleries, avenues.
6.
newspapers
7.
names of rivers, seas, oceans, mountain ranges, deserts, canals
8.
groups of islands/states
9.
points of compass, weights and measures
10.
musical instruments
11.
expressions like: in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

22. Not to be used article
1.
With general words
2.
proper names
3.
meals + clock time
4.
names of countries, cities, continents , islands
5.
names of mountains, lakes, parks
6.
streets
7.
titles with proper names
8.
name of sports, activities, school subjects, languages
9.
name of colors, substances,
10.
gerunds
11.
expression: at night
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

23. Review
A preposition is a word that shows a relationship between a noun
or pronoun and some other word in the sentence.
A conjunction is a word used to join words or groups of words.
An interjection is a word or phrase used to express emotion.
Definite Articles are used to with nouns to indicate specific
persons, places, or thingsm, Indefinite articles are used with
nouns to indicate non-specific persons, places or things
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

24. Thanks
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

25. An adverb prepositional phrase
modifies a verb, an adjective, or another
adverb. Like an adverb, a prepositional
phrase can tell where, when, how, why,
or to what extent.
For example:
The dog ran down the street.
The dog bit the mailman until he bled.
The dog howled at midnight.
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014

26. Here’s a preposition trick!
Where can a kitten go?
at
across
behind
toward
over
up
near
between
inside
around
beside
under
by
among
against
Mubarak Aceit College Karama On
26/02/2014