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Year adjustments: Depreciation
 Define the meaning of fixed assets
 Calculate and record depreciation using
straight line method and diminishing balance
method
2
 Fixed assets is an item with a useful-life of
greater than one reporting period
 This items are not purchased with the intention
of resale, but rather to produce an income for
the business
3
Land and buildings
4
vehicles
5
equipment
6
 Depreciation is the process of allocating the
cost of a fixed asset to expense in the
accounting period benefiting from its use.
 Land and buildings does not depreciate
7
Straight line method
 A certain percentage
of the cost price is
depreciated every
year
Diminishing balance
method
 A Certain percentage
of the carrying value
is depreciated every
year
8
On 01 January 2017 D & M roofing contractors
purchased a machine with a cost price of 20
000, machinery are depreciated at 15% on the
straight line method.
 Calculate depreciation for the reporting period
ended 31 December 2017 and process journal
entries.
9
Depreciation
 20 000 x 15% x 12/12
=3 000
Journals
Dr depreciation 3 000
Cr accumulated depreciation: machinery 3 000
10
On 01 January 2017 D & M roofing contractors
purchased a machine with a cost price of 20
000, machinery are depreciated at 15% on the
diminishing balance method
 Calculate depreciation for the reporting period
ended 31 December 2018
 Process journal entries
11
Depreciation 31 December 2017
20 000 x 15% =3 000
Carrying value 31 December 2017
20 000 – 3 000 = 17 000
Depreciation 31 December 2018
17 000 x 15% = 2 550
12
Journal entries for the reporting period ended 31
December 2018
Dr depreciation 2 250
Cr accumulated depreciation: machinery 2 550
13
 Tarek,A,E.(2015) fixed assets and depreciation
methods. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/TarekAElsherif/fixed-
assets-and-depreciation-methods (accessed 02
September 2018)
 Shah, J. (2013) accounting for fixed assets (as 10).
Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/JalajShah/accounting-
for-fixed-assests-as-10 (accessed 01 September 2018)
 Narayan, S. (2017) fixed assets process. Available from
slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/SatishN3/fixed-asset-
process (accessed 02 September 2018)
14
 Allison, M. (2016) 13.4A why is depreciation an
expense?. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/mjall3/134a-why-is-
depreciation-an-expense (accessed 29 August 2018)
 Javeria, S. (2013) Depreciation. Available from
slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/MsJav91/depreciation-
16658656 ( accessed 02 September 2018)
 Gupta, S. (2013) Depreciation. Available from
slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/sarthakgupta7/depreci
ation-16586362 (accessed 02 September 2018)
15

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Accounting grade 10: depreciation

  • 2.  Define the meaning of fixed assets  Calculate and record depreciation using straight line method and diminishing balance method 2
  • 3.  Fixed assets is an item with a useful-life of greater than one reporting period  This items are not purchased with the intention of resale, but rather to produce an income for the business 3
  • 7.  Depreciation is the process of allocating the cost of a fixed asset to expense in the accounting period benefiting from its use.  Land and buildings does not depreciate 7
  • 8. Straight line method  A certain percentage of the cost price is depreciated every year Diminishing balance method  A Certain percentage of the carrying value is depreciated every year 8
  • 9. On 01 January 2017 D & M roofing contractors purchased a machine with a cost price of 20 000, machinery are depreciated at 15% on the straight line method.  Calculate depreciation for the reporting period ended 31 December 2017 and process journal entries. 9
  • 10. Depreciation  20 000 x 15% x 12/12 =3 000 Journals Dr depreciation 3 000 Cr accumulated depreciation: machinery 3 000 10
  • 11. On 01 January 2017 D & M roofing contractors purchased a machine with a cost price of 20 000, machinery are depreciated at 15% on the diminishing balance method  Calculate depreciation for the reporting period ended 31 December 2018  Process journal entries 11
  • 12. Depreciation 31 December 2017 20 000 x 15% =3 000 Carrying value 31 December 2017 20 000 – 3 000 = 17 000 Depreciation 31 December 2018 17 000 x 15% = 2 550 12
  • 13. Journal entries for the reporting period ended 31 December 2018 Dr depreciation 2 250 Cr accumulated depreciation: machinery 2 550 13
  • 14.  Tarek,A,E.(2015) fixed assets and depreciation methods. Available from slideshare at https://www.slideshare.net/TarekAElsherif/fixed- assets-and-depreciation-methods (accessed 02 September 2018)  Shah, J. (2013) accounting for fixed assets (as 10). Available from slideshare at https://www.slideshare.net/JalajShah/accounting- for-fixed-assests-as-10 (accessed 01 September 2018)  Narayan, S. (2017) fixed assets process. Available from slideshare at https://www.slideshare.net/SatishN3/fixed-asset- process (accessed 02 September 2018) 14
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