FULL BODY HARNESS INSPECTION RECORD Form # HSEQ - FBHIR Rev 2.docxDwarika Bhushan Sharma
Harness Checklist
Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Remarks
Shoulder Straps
Chest & Back Straps
Waist Straps
Back D-Ring
Shoulder Adjustment
Legible Label
Shoulder Straps
Chest & Back Straps
Waist Straps
Leg Straps
Cuts
Burns
Holes
Deterioration
Corrosive/ worn out
Color code
Others (Specify)
Project Information
Project Name: Location:
Company name : Date:
Remarks:
Inspector Name: Signature:
Reviewed By HSE Manager / Incharge Signature:
FULL BODY HARNESS INSPECTION RECORD Form # HSEQ - FBHIR Rev 2.docxDwarika Bhushan Sharma
Harness Checklist
Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Sl. No
………. Remarks
Shoulder Straps
Chest & Back Straps
Waist Straps
Back D-Ring
Shoulder Adjustment
Legible Label
Shoulder Straps
Chest & Back Straps
Waist Straps
Leg Straps
Cuts
Burns
Holes
Deterioration
Corrosive/ worn out
Color code
Others (Specify)
Project Information
Project Name: Location:
Company name : Date:
Remarks:
Inspector Name: Signature:
Reviewed By HSE Manager / Incharge Signature:
Establishing exclusion zones • Personnel in area • Unauthorized access to test area;
• Workers struck by flying materials;
• Worker struck by High pressure water release;
Signage to test area • Personnel in area • Unauthorized access to test area;
• Inadequate signage to test area;
Pressure testing • High pressure to pipework; • Uncontrolled Stored Energy release;
• Rupture/failure in Pipe lines during testing;
• Valve/connection failure;
• Instrument failure resulting in system over-pressurization;
• End caps/plugs ejecting under high pressure;
• Weld/seal/fitting failure, flying objects;
• High pressure water/air injection.
Emergency procedures • High pressure to pipework; • Emergency procedures not briefed to task workers;
• Poor response in the event of an emergency;
Re-testing in the event of failure • Re-testing with high pressure • Injury due to uncontrolled testing;
• Worker injury due to working on pressurized system;
• Injury due to failure to ensure adequate pre-checks undertaken;
Ergonomics have become a concern within the workplace as improper or poor ergonomics can cause repetitive strain injuries, resulting in lost productivity, worker’s compensation claims and other liabilities for an organization.
Today, American companies spend nearly $30 billion annually on Repetitive Stress Injuries and Cumulative Trauma Disorders. These injuries could be prevented or the severity reduced through ergonomics health and wellness training.
I created this Ergonomics PowerPoint to share with others to enhance training. Feel free to share it with others. Any feedback is welcome.
CRITICAL THINKING 6
Critical Thinking
Author’s Name:
Institutional Affiliation
Course Name:
Professor’s Name:
Date:
Critical Thinking
The incident that occurred at Truss Construction Shop two weeks ago attributed to one of the employees attaining injuries that might affect the future of the organization’s sales. During one of the QA load tests at the company, one of the truss undergoing testing splintered and some portion of the horizontal truss broke and accidentally fell on one of the crane operators who played a critical role during the testing process. The company managed to take the crane operator to the hospital after sustaining some head injuries. The crane operator is in critical condition at the local hospital with the hopes to recover fully in the next few days.
Explanation of the Issue
The issue at hand that is affecting Trust Construction Enterprise is the fact that the company just acquired and invested in the new engineering and manufacturing process. The new machinery and engineering technology assists Truss Company to use the latest cutting edge in the construction technology. This cutting-edge technology plays a critical role in the construction of the low-cost housing which are in a high demand in overseas markets. Subsequently, while conducting a QA load test on the truss, an accident occurred during the process. A fragment from the horizontal axis of the truss broke and fell injuring one of the crane operator who was assisting in carrying out the test. The crane operator attained some head injuries from the accident and was rushed to the hospital. Although initially in critical condition, the operator is in a stable condition in one of the local hospitals.
The challenge that Truss construction Enterprise is facing is that it had initially advertised the truss as having the capability to meet high commercial load. Yet the truss under the QA load test ended up hurting one of the crane operator. The Truss Construction Enterprise public relations department released a statement to assure the employees and the public on the accident and the measures in place to curb any such incident from occurring in the future. Consequently, the management of the company still have fears that the information leaked to the public might hinder the oversea sales because of the circumstances behind the accident. The production line worker Obinna Faruch might have damaged not only the reputation of the company on handling the accident but also caused awareness of the inability of the truss epic fail to handle high commercial load requirement
by speaking to the press.
Analysis of the information
The occurrence of the accident during the QA load test at the Truss Construction Shop is similar to any accident that might occur in any manufacturing company. According to the Occupational Safety and health Administration (OSHA) ...
Establishing exclusion zones • Personnel in area • Unauthorized access to test area;
• Workers struck by flying materials;
• Worker struck by High pressure water release;
Signage to test area • Personnel in area • Unauthorized access to test area;
• Inadequate signage to test area;
Pressure testing • High pressure to pipework; • Uncontrolled Stored Energy release;
• Rupture/failure in Pipe lines during testing;
• Valve/connection failure;
• Instrument failure resulting in system over-pressurization;
• End caps/plugs ejecting under high pressure;
• Weld/seal/fitting failure, flying objects;
• High pressure water/air injection.
Emergency procedures • High pressure to pipework; • Emergency procedures not briefed to task workers;
• Poor response in the event of an emergency;
Re-testing in the event of failure • Re-testing with high pressure • Injury due to uncontrolled testing;
• Worker injury due to working on pressurized system;
• Injury due to failure to ensure adequate pre-checks undertaken;
Ergonomics have become a concern within the workplace as improper or poor ergonomics can cause repetitive strain injuries, resulting in lost productivity, worker’s compensation claims and other liabilities for an organization.
Today, American companies spend nearly $30 billion annually on Repetitive Stress Injuries and Cumulative Trauma Disorders. These injuries could be prevented or the severity reduced through ergonomics health and wellness training.
I created this Ergonomics PowerPoint to share with others to enhance training. Feel free to share it with others. Any feedback is welcome.
CRITICAL THINKING 6
Critical Thinking
Author’s Name:
Institutional Affiliation
Course Name:
Professor’s Name:
Date:
Critical Thinking
The incident that occurred at Truss Construction Shop two weeks ago attributed to one of the employees attaining injuries that might affect the future of the organization’s sales. During one of the QA load tests at the company, one of the truss undergoing testing splintered and some portion of the horizontal truss broke and accidentally fell on one of the crane operators who played a critical role during the testing process. The company managed to take the crane operator to the hospital after sustaining some head injuries. The crane operator is in critical condition at the local hospital with the hopes to recover fully in the next few days.
Explanation of the Issue
The issue at hand that is affecting Trust Construction Enterprise is the fact that the company just acquired and invested in the new engineering and manufacturing process. The new machinery and engineering technology assists Truss Company to use the latest cutting edge in the construction technology. This cutting-edge technology plays a critical role in the construction of the low-cost housing which are in a high demand in overseas markets. Subsequently, while conducting a QA load test on the truss, an accident occurred during the process. A fragment from the horizontal axis of the truss broke and fell injuring one of the crane operator who was assisting in carrying out the test. The crane operator attained some head injuries from the accident and was rushed to the hospital. Although initially in critical condition, the operator is in a stable condition in one of the local hospitals.
The challenge that Truss construction Enterprise is facing is that it had initially advertised the truss as having the capability to meet high commercial load. Yet the truss under the QA load test ended up hurting one of the crane operator. The Truss Construction Enterprise public relations department released a statement to assure the employees and the public on the accident and the measures in place to curb any such incident from occurring in the future. Consequently, the management of the company still have fears that the information leaked to the public might hinder the oversea sales because of the circumstances behind the accident. The production line worker Obinna Faruch might have damaged not only the reputation of the company on handling the accident but also caused awareness of the inability of the truss epic fail to handle high commercial load requirement
by speaking to the press.
Analysis of the information
The occurrence of the accident during the QA load test at the Truss Construction Shop is similar to any accident that might occur in any manufacturing company. According to the Occupational Safety and health Administration (OSHA) ...
Occupational safety and health (OSH), also commonly referred to as occupational health and safety (OHS), occupational health, or occupational safety, is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the safety, health, and welfare of people at work (i.e. in an occupation). These terms also refer to the goals of this field, so their use in the sense of this article was originally an abbreviation of occupational safety and health program/department etc.
(
March 18
2018
Workshop Project
MGT 567
– 01W
Patrick Osborn, Debo Ogun
seinde
, & Gilbert Ortiz
)
Introduction / Background
Working in a coal power plant I today’s energy utility market presents an individual with unique situations, distinct challenges, and opportunities. The effects of the political environment are felt very heavily in this industry. I have only been working for AEP/SWEPCO and more specifically Welsh Power Plant, for a short seven years. In this short time period, I have seen the method by which we operate our generating units drastically change due to politics and environmental regulations.
To elaborate, this plant and just like many others in the AEP system used to operate at base load. Operating at base load meant that he units operated at full capacity the entire time they were in service. These generating units were only shut down for maintenance during planned outages and/or equipment failures which were far and in between. This particular plant, has received national recognition for operating entire years without failures or malfunctions. This is classified as low EFOR which stands for Equivalent Forced Outage Rate and in our system, the lowest EFOR classified operating plants were deemed as critical for the system grid and recognized through an annual national convention.
This method of operation has drastically changed in the last four years due to stringent EPA regulations and the government paying subsidies (taxpayer revenue) to renewable energy companies with wind generation having the most growth margin.
The challenges my company now encounters is remaining complaint and in business despite the stringent EPA regulations and government subsidies favoring renewable resources. For my company, this implied investing millions of dollars in capital to add further filtration systems to trap the ash and further limit emissions while saving costs and increasing revenue at the same time. The revenue increase came from investing capital in sectors the company that would provide returns, which coal generating plants did not so as well. Something to note, multiple coal generating plants have been retired over the last six years.
Therefore and as a result, our coal generating units are being forced to operate outside manufacturer specifications by dynamically altering the load capability curve. Depending on multiple factors, with wind generation being one of them, our units our now being operated anywhere from 20% to 100% load throughout the day. If the forecast is for long periods of mild weather and high winds, then coal generating units could potentially be asked to shut down and reaming off, until market conditions improved to avoid higher costs for the customer.
This new way of doing business has also affected our culture. Where in the past, silos were the norm, every department had the funding and budget (which was significantly more) necessary to cover all planned repairs/projects/tasks. Teams were se ...
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...
Accident Causation (Group 11)
1. NAME UK NUMBERS
MOHD KHAIRUL IKHWAN BIN
MOHD YUSOF
UK29566
CONNIE LING MEE YU UK29502
SITI ANISAH BINTI ISMAIL UK29534
ADRIANA ILIYA MARSHA
BINTI AHMAD KAHAR
UK29535
NURHANIS BINTI JEFFI UK29539
2.
3. 1932 First Scientific Approach to
Accident/Prevention - H.W. Heinrich
“Industrial Accident Prevention”
Social
Environment
and Ancestry
Fault of the
Person
(Carelessness)
Unsafe Act
or
Condition
Accident Injury
MISTAKES OF PEOPLE
4. INJURY - caused by accidents.
ACCIDENTS - caused by an unsafe act –
injured person or an unsafe condition –
work place.
UNSAFE ACTS/CONDITIONS - caused by careless
persons or poorly designed or improperly
maintained equipment.
FAULT OF PERSONS - created by social
environment or acquired by ancestry.
SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT/ANCESTRY - where and how
a person was raised and educated.
5. Corrective Action Sequence
(The three “E”s)
Engineering
Education
Enforcement
6. Overload
•Environmental
Factors (noise,
distractions
•Internal Factors
(personal problems,
emotional stress)
•Situational Factors
(unclear
instructions, risk
level)
Inappropriate
Response
•Detecting a
hazard but not
correcting it
•Removing
safeguards from
machines and
equipment
•Ignoring safety
Inappropriate
Activities
•Performing tasks
without the
requisite training
•Misjudging the
degree of risk
involved with a
given task
10. For some accidents, a given model may be
very accurate, for others less so
Often the cause of an accident cannot be
adequately explained by just one
model/theory
Actual cause may combine parts of several
different models
11. Often referred to as behavior-based
safety (BBS)
7 basic principles of BBS
Intervention
Identification of internal factors
Motivation to behave in the desired manner
Focus on the positive consequences of
appropriate behavior
Application of the scientific method
Integration of information
Planned interventions
12.
13. Epidemiological Model Example
Jane Andrews was the newest member of the loading unit for Parcel
Delivery Service (PDS). She and the other members of her unit were
responsible for loading 50 trucks every morning. It was physically
demanding work, and she was the first woman ever selected by PDS to
work in the loading unit. She had gotten the job as part of the company’s
upward mobility program. She was excited about her new position
because within PDS, the loading unit was considered a springboard to
advancement. Consequently, she was anxious to do well. The
responsibility she felt toward other female employees at PDS only served
to intensify her anxiety. Andrews felt that if she failed, other women might
not get a chance to try in the future.
Before beginning work in the loading unit, employees must complete two
days of training on proper lifting techniques. The use of back-support belts
is mandatory for all loading dock personnel. Consequently, Andrews
became concerned when the supervisor called her aside on her first day in
the unit and told her to forget what she had learned in training. He said,
“Jane, nobody wants a back injury, so be careful. But the key to success in
this unit is speed. The lifting techniques they teach you in that workshop
will just slow you down. You’ve got the job, and I’m glad you’re here. But
you won’t last long if you can’t keep up.”
14. Epidemiological Model Example (continued)
Andrews was torn between following safety procedures and making a good
impression on her new supervisor. At first, she made an effort to use proper
lifting techniques. However, when several of her co-workers complained that
she wasn’t keeping up, the supervisor told Andrews to “keep up or get out of the
way.” Feeling the pressure, she started taking the same shortcuts she had seen
her co-workers use. Positive results were immediate, and Andrews received
several nods of approval from fellow workers and a “good job” from the
supervisor. Before long, Andrews had won the approval and respect of her
colleagues.
However, after two months of working in the loading unit, she began to
experience persistent lower back pain. Andrews felt sure that her hurried lifting
techniques were to blame, but she valued the approval of her supervisor and
fellow workers too much to do anything that might slow her down. Finally, one
day while loading a truck, she fell to the pavement in pain and could not get up.
Her back throbbed with intense pain, and her legs were numb. She had to be
rushed to the emergency room of the local hospital. By the time she was
checked out of the hospital a week later, she had undergone major surgery to
repair two ruptured disc.
15. Systems Theory Example
Precision Tooling Company (PTC) specializes in difficult orders that are
produced in small lots, and in making corrections to parts that otherwise would
wind up as expensive rejects in the scrap bin. In short, PTC specializes in doing
the types of work that other companies cannot, or will not do. Most of PTC’s
work comes in the form of subcontracts from larger manufacturing companies.
Consequently, living up to its reputation as a high performance, on-time
company is important to PTC.
Because much of its work consists of small batches of parts to be reworked, PTC
still uses several manually operated machines. The least experienced
machinists operate these machines. This causes two problems. The first
problem is that it is difficult for even a master machinist to hold to modern
tolerance levels on these old machines. Consequently, apprentice machinists
find holding to precise tolerances quite a challenge. The second problem is that
the machines are so old that they frequently break down.
Complaints from apprentice machinists about the old machines are frequent.
However, their supervisors consider time on the old “ulcer makers” to be one of
the rites of passage that upstart machinists must endure. Their attitude is, “We
had to do it, so why shouldn’t you?” This was where things stood at PTC when
the company won the Johnson contract.
16. Systems Theory Example continued
PTC had been trying for years to become a preferred supplier for H.R. Johnson
Company. PTC’s big chance finally came when Johnson’s manufacturing
division incorrectly produced 10,000 copies of a critical part before noticing the
problem. Simply scrapping the part and starting over was an expensive
solution. Johnson’s vice-president for manufacturing decided to give PTC a
chance.
PTC management was ecstatic! Finally, they had won an opportunity to partner
with H.R. Johnson Company. If PTC could perform well on this one, even more
lucrative contracts were sure to follow. The top managers called a company-
wide meeting of all employees. Attendance was mandatory.
The CEO explained to the employees that the contract was a great opportunity
for the company to move into the stratosphere. However, the parts that needed
reworking would have to go through several manual operations in the beginning
of the process. So, he explained that the manual machine operators would
have to be the heroes for this particular job; and, the parts have to be ready in
90 days.
The PTC apprentice machinists were on the spot. If PTC didn’t perform on this
contract, it would be their fault.
17. Combination Theory Example
Crestview Grain Corporation (CGC) maintains ten large silos for storing corn, rice,
wheat, barley, and various other grains. Since stored grain generates fine dust and
gases, ventilation of the silos is important. Consequently, all of CGC’s silos have
several large vents. Each of these vents uses a filter similar to the type used in
home air conditioners that must be changed periodically.
There is an element of risk involved in changing the vent filters because of two
potential hazards. The first hazard comes from unvented dust and gases that can
make breathing difficult, or even dangerous. The second hazard is the grain itself.
Each silo has a catwalk that runs around its inside circumference near the top.
These catwalks give employees access to the vents that are also near the top of
each silo. The catwalks are almost 100 feet above ground level, they are narrow,
and the guardrails on them are only knee high. A fall from a catwalk into the grain
below would probably be fatal.
Consequently, CGC has well-defined rules that employees are to follow when
changing filters. Because these rules are strictly enforced, there had never been
an accident in one of CGC’s silos; not, that is, until the Juan Perez tragedy
occurred. Perez was not new to the company. At the time of his accident, he had
worked at CGC for over five years. However, he was new to the job of silo
maintenance. His inexperience, as it turned out, would prove fatal.
18. Combination Theory Example Continued
It was time to change the vent filters in silo number 4. Perez had never changed vent
filters himself. He hadn’t been in the job long enough. However, he had served as the
required “second man” when his supervisor, Bao Chu Lai, had changed the filters in silos 1,
2, and 3. Since Chu Lai was at home recuperating from heart surgery and would be out for
another four weeks, Perez decided to change the filters himself. Changing the filters was a
simple enough task, and Perez had always thought the “second man” concept was
overdoing it a little. He believed in taking reasonable precautions as much as the next
person, but in his opinion, CGC was paranoid about safety.
Perez collected his safety harness, respirator, and four new vent filters. Then he climbed
the external ladder to the entrance/exit platform near the top of silo number 4. Before
going in, Perez donned his respirator and strapped on his safety harness. Opening the
hatch cover, he stepped inside the silo onto the catwalk. Following procedure, Perez
attached a lifeline to his safety harness, picked up the new vent filters, and headed for the
first vent. He changed the first two filters without incident. It was while he was changing
the third filter that tragedy struck.
The filter in the third vent was wedged in tightly. After several attempts to pull it out, Perez
became frustrated and gave the filter a good jerk. When the filter suddenly broke loose,
the momentum propelled him backwards and he toppled off the catwalk. At first it
appeared that his lifeline would hold, but without a second person to pull him up or call for
help, Perez was suspended by only the lifeline for over 20 minutes. He finally panicked,
and in his struggle to pull himself up, knocked the buckle of his safety harness open. The
buckle gave way, and he fell over 50 feet into the grain below. The impact knocked his
respirator off, the grain quickly enveloped him, and he was asphyxiated.
19. Behavioral Theory Example
Mark Potter is the safety manager for Excello Corporation. Several months ago,
he became concerned because employees seemed to have developed a lax
attitude toward wearing hard hats. What really troubled Potter was that there is
more than the usual potential for head injuries because of the type of work done
in Excello’s plant, and he had personally witnessed two near misses in less than a
week. An advocate of behavior-based safety (BBS), he decided to apply the ABC
model in turning this unsafe behavior pattern around.
His first step was to remove all of the old “Hard Hat Area” signs from the plant and
replace them with newer, more noticeable signs. Then he scheduled a brief
seminar on head injuries and cycled all employees through it over a two-week
period. The seminar took an unusual approach. It told a story of two employees.
One was in a hospital bed surrounded by family members he did not even
recognize. The other was shown enjoying a family outing with happy family
members. The clear message of the video was “the difference between these
two employees is a hard hat.” These two activities were the antecedents to the
behavior he hoped to produce (all employees wearing hard hats when in a hard
hat area).
The video contained a powerful message and it had the desired effect. Within
days, employees were once again disciplining themselves to wear their hard hats
(the desired behavior). The consequence was that near misses stopped and no
head injuries have occurred at Excello in months. The outcome of this is that
Excello’s employees have been able to continue enjoying the fruits of their labor
and the company of loved ones.
23. Systems defects include:
Improper assignment of responsibility
Improper climate of motivation
Inadequate training and education
Inadequate equipment and supplies
Improper procedures for the selection &
assignment of personnel
Improper allocation of funds
24. OPERATING
ERROR
RESULT:
-No damage
or injury
-Many fatalities
-Major damage
MISHAP
(POSSIBLE)
Operating Errors occur because
people make mistakes,
but more importantly,
they occur because of
SYSTEM DEFECTS
25. Managers design the Systems
System defects occur because of
OPERATING
ERRORS
RESULT:
-No damage
or injury
-Many
fatalities
-Major damage
MISHAP
(POSSIBLE)
SYSTEM
DEFECTS
COMMAND
ERROR
MANAGEMENT / COMMAND ERROR
26. A defect in some aspect of the
safety program that
allows an avoidable error to exist.
•Ineffective Information Collection
•Weak Causation Analysis
•Poor Countermeasures
•Inadequate Implementation Procedures
•Inadequate Control
27. A weakness in the knowledge or motivation
of the safety manager that
permits a preventable defect in
the safety program to exist.
SAFETY
MANAGEMENT
ERROR
29. Initial studies show for each disabling injury, there
were 29 minor injuries and 300 close calls/no injury.
Recent studies indicate for each serious result there
are 59 minor and 600 near-misses.
INITIAL STUDIES RECENT STUDIES
1 SERIOUS
MINOR
CLOSE CALL
29
300
1 SERIOUS
MINOR
CLOSE CALL
59
600
31. There are seven avenues through which
we can initiate countermeasures. They
are:
Safety management error
Safety program defect
Management / Command error
System defect
Operating error
Mishap
Result
32. Potential countermeasures for each
modern causation approach include:
SAFETY
MANAGEMENT
ERROR
TRAINING
EDUCATION
MOTIVATION
TASK DESIGN
1
2 3 4 5 6 7
33. Potential countermeasures for each
modern causation approach include:
SAFETY
PROGRAM
DEFECT
REVISE INFORMATION
COLLECTION
ANALYSIS
IMPLEMENTATION
2
3 4 5 6 71
34. Potential countermeasures for each
modern causation approach include:
COMMAND
ERROR
TRAINING
EDUCATION
MOTIVATION
TASK DESIGN
3
4 5 6 71 2
35. Potential countermeasures for each
modern causation approach include:
SYSTEM
DEFECT
DESIGN REVISION VIA--
- SOP
- REGULATIONS
- POLICY LETTERS
- STATEMENTS
4
5 6 71 2 3
36. Potential countermeasures for each
modern causation approach include:
OPERATING
ERROR
ENGINEERING
TRAINING
MOTIVATION
5
6 71 2 3 4
37. Potential countermeasures for each
modern causation approach include:
7MISHAP
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
BARRIERS
SEPARATION
6
1 2 3 4 5
38. Potential countermeasures for each
modern causation approach include:
RESULT
CONTAINMENT
FIREFIGHTING
RESCUE
EVACUATION
FIRST AID
7
1 2 3 4 5 6
39. A system is simply a group of interrelated parts
which, when working together as they were
designed to do, accomplish a goal. Using this
analogy, an installation or organization can be
viewed as a system.
The elements of the Human Factors Model are:
Task
Person
Tools/Technology
Environment
Organization