The ultimate guide to the Global interdependence topic of ALevel Geography. This Powerpoint case study contains extensive detailed information which was researched thoroughly.

1. THE MANAGEMENT OF A
TOURISM DESTINATION
The Seychelles Islands
East Africa
GLOBAL INTERDEPENDENCE

2. The Seychelles is an archipelago of 115 islands in the Indian
Ocean, off East Africa. It's home to numerous beaches, coral
reefs and nature reserves, as well as endemic flora and fauna
such as the Coco de Mer. Today the islands are known as one
of the prime tourist locations in the Indian Ocean.
Location and attractions
Anse Source D’argent- most photographed beach in the
world
Jardin Botanic
Vallée de Mai Nature Reserve- UNESCO world heritage
site
Jardin du Roi- spice garden
Domaine de Val de pres
Ile coco marine park
St. Anne national marine park
Beau Vallon Beach
Notable attractions:

3. SCHEMES TO ENCOURAGE OR DISCOURAGE
TOURISTS/EXTERNAL SHOCKS AND HOW THEY HAVE
IMPACTED NUMBERS
International Marketing
The Seychelles tourism board (STB) is
responsible for marketing the destination to
major source markets and identifying new
emerging markets. Marketing activities
include excellent Trade Fair presence, Brand
Alliance campaigns, PR events, media
publications, etc. ; also oversees the
Seychelles Tourist Offices and
representative offices in countries such as
France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom,
Abu Dhabi, Dubai, China, South Korea and
South Africa.
Digital Marketing
The development and management of a
dedicated suite of websites, management
and monitoring of STBs various social media
platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram
and the development and implementation
of targeted online campaigns on various
social media platforms.
Destination Devlopment
Implemented in order to support STB's
global marketing efforts in the various
markets through the coordination of all
local logistics.
Strategic Planning & Market Intelligence
This enhances STB's strategic planning
capabilities through gathering, processing,
monitoring, analysing and reporting on
various forms of market intelligence and
data related to the tourism industry.
EASE OF TRAVEL AND LACK OF BARRIERS
TO ENTRY AS VISAS CAN BE OBTAINED ON ARRIVAL

4. 1) Involvement
2) Development stage
4) Stagnation stage
STAGES
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
(REFERENCE TO STAGE IN BUTLER'S LIFE CYCLE MODEL AND HOW USEFUL THE
MODEL IS IN TERMS OF THIS DESTINATION) AND ADDED STATISTICS OF VISITOR
NUMBERS.
3) Consolidation stage

5. 1) Involvement Stage
Taxis and other forms of transport slowly
developed to cater to the growing need of
tourists.
Small number of tourists arrived in the
Seychelles following the opening of the
international airport in 1972. This marked
an important era for tourism in the
Seychelles as it led to the development of
the air travel and tourism industry.
Locals became more involved in the
tourism industry with the opening of the
Fishermans cove hotel in Beau Vallon in
1943.

6. Inward investment from foreign TNCs quickly developed in the early
2000s, with well known hotel chains such as Hilton opening 3 resorts
in the seychelles. (Hilton Northolme, Hilton Allamanda and Hilton
Labriz).
Other large tourism TNCs such as Constance resorts opened 2 hotels (
Constance Ephilia on Mahe and Constance Lemeuria on Praslin). Six
senses Zil Pasyon on Félicité Island and Club Med on St.Anne island.
Kempinski and The Four seasons. There have been numerous other
hotels across the islands as a result of the increase in tourism numbers.
Local involvement in the tourism sector has diminished as many
expats have been employed ( especially at private island resorts such as
Six senses, Desroches, North Island etc)
Creation of Cat cocos and Cat rose- the ferry operators
Creation of Zil Air- Helicopter service
Creation of Air Seychelles- International and domestic flights to inner
islands such as Praslin, Dennis island and bird island.
2) Development Stage

7. 3) Consolidation Stage
Land especially situated by the coast have been
sold off for the development of tourist resorts-
Savoy resort in Beau Vallon- Caused major
disputes amongst locals as it has spoilt the natural
beauty of the Beau Vallon Bay coastline along
with many issues to do with its overall
construction which has caused court
disagreements and the closure of the biggest
engineering company in the Seychelles.
Resentment by locals has accelerated as more
resorts are claiming to own parts of beaches
mainly for their activities.- Illegal act as by law all
the beaches in the Seychelles are public property.

8. Stagnation and levels following have not yet occurred.

9. ISSUES OF SUSTAINABILITY
ECOTOURISM ON COUSIN ISLAND
Socio-cultural
Visits to Cousin are undertaken by local tour
operators- Income generating activity that has
allowed for many locals to become employed in
the tourism industry.
Economical
Visitor fees sustain the management of the
reserve as well as research, conservation and
education projects both on and off the
reserve. Visits to Cousin are undertaken by
local tour operators

10. Environmental
Cousin Island is currently the world's first carbon-neutral reserve.
Recognising the environmental impact of international tourists, most
travelling by air and reaching the island by boat, Nature Seychelles
in 2010 made Cousin Island carbon neutral, the first nature reserve
in the world to do so.
The granitic island became a nature reserve when it was bought by
the International Council for Bird Preservation in 1968 to protect
the last tiny population of the Seychelles Warbler.
The island is open to visitors Monday to Friday, between 9:30 am
and midday and is closed on weekends and public holidays.
Approximately 200m before reaching, guests are transferred to one
of the Warden boats, skippered by one of the Reserve’s specialist
boat handlers. The strict transfer process to the island on board one
of the Reserve boats is a measure implemented to prevent the
accidental introduction of pests onto the Reserve.
ISSUES OF SUSTAINABILITY
ECOTOURISM ON COUSIN ISLAND

11. ISSUES OF SUSTAINABILITY
SIX SENSES ZIL PASYON (FÉLICITÉ ISLAND)
Social and environmental projects are not obligations,
but rather they are viewed as motivators.
Elimination of the use of 11985 plastic bottles and using
glass water bottles.
Forest restoration in the form of the landscaping team
working for over a decade to eradicate the invasive Coco
Plum and reintroduce authentic species of trees and
plants.
The island is a breeding ground for the Green and
Hawksbill turtles from October until April- a
collaboration with The Olive Ridley Project has allowed
the resort to monitor nesting turtles and hatchlings to
ensure the highest possible success of the turtle
population

12. ISSUES OF SUSTAINABILITY
VALLEE DE MAI - UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE
Located on the granitic island of Praslin (Second most inhabited island in
the Seychelles),
The Vallée de Mai nature reserve is a 19.5 ha area of palm forest which
remains largely unchanged since prehistoric times. Dominating the landscape
is The world's largest population of endemic coco-de-mer, a flagship species
of global significance as the bearer of the largest seed in the plant kingdom.
The forest is also home to five other endemic palms and many endemic
fauna species. The property is a scenically attractive area with a distinctive
natural beauty.
Economic
Tickets can be bought on-site at the ticket office in the visitor centre. Entrance
fee of SCR 450 (30 Euros). This covers the use of all of the available facilities
and services at the Vallée de Mai. The money is spiltacross the three major
projects with 50% going to the conservation of the Aldabra Atoll, 20% going to
the SIF and 30% going towards Vallee de Mai.

13. EVALUATION OF THE IMPACTS OF TOURISM ON THE
ENVIRONMENT, SOCIETY AND ECONOMY

14. ENVIRONMENT
SEYCHELLES HAS THE WORLD'S HIGHEST
PERCENTAGE OF PROTECTED LAND IN THE WORLD
IMPLEMENTATION OF MARINE PARKS SUCH AS IN
ST.ANNE, CURIEUSE, ILE COCO AND MORE.
THE MARINE PARK IN ST. ANNE WAS CREATED IN 1973
FOR THE PRESERVATION OF WILDLIFE. THIS
CREATION OF THIS PROTECTED AREA HAS PUT A BAN
ON FISHING AND WATER SPORTS.
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION- MANY HOTELS
BUILT ALONG THE COASTLINES HAVE CAUSED
DISPUTES BETWEEN LOCALS AND TRANSNATIONAL
COMPANIES AS THE NATURAL FLORA AND FAUNA
HAVE BEEN COMPROMISED. MANGROVES HAVE BEEN
REMOVED AND THIS HAS AFFECTED NATURAL
BREEDING GROUNDS FOR JUVENILE ANIMALS.
CHOPPING DOWN RAINFOREST TO BUILD RESORTS.
ABILITY TO SIT ON THE PROTECTED BEACHES,
WITNESS THE NESTING OF TURTLES, WALK AMONG
SWEET-SCENTED TROPICAL GARDENS AND ADMIRE
THE BREEDING SITES OF RARE ENDEMIC BIRDS.
INCREASE IN HIRE VEHICLES HAS ADDED TO AIR POLLUTION
AND CONGESTION OF ROADS.
TOURISM HAS RAISED AWARENESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL
ISSUES.
URBAN GREENING- LARGE-SCALE PROJECT IN VICTORIA (CITY
CENTRE) TO REGENERATE THE LOOK OF THE LAND AS
TOURISTS EXIT THE CRUISE PORT.
TOURISM PLACES INCREASED PRESSURE ON THE ISLAND’S
LIMITED NATURAL RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE. IF
TOURISM GROWS EXPONENTIALLY, IT RISKS DAMAGING THE
COUNTRY’S FRAGILE COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS AND REDUCING
THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF RESIDENTS AS THEY WOULD BE
COMPETING FOR THE SAME RESOURCES.

15. IMPLEMENTATION OF GUIDES AND PARK RANGERS WHO
TAKE TOURISTS ON EXCURSIONS TO REDUCE THE IMPACT
THEY HAVE ON NATURE TRAILS- MORNE BLANC, ANSE
MAJOR, DAN GALLAS, COPOLIA TRAIL, LA RESERVE, TROIS
FRERES ETC.
SEYCHELLES HAS SET THE STANDARD FOR ECOTOURISM
AMONG OTHER SMALL ISLAND NATIONS WITH 50% OF THE
COUNTRY SET ASIDE AS PROTECTED LAND.
PROTECTION OF ENDANGERED/ ENDEMIC SPECIES SUCH AS
THE SEYCHELLES BLACK PARROT WHICH IS ONLY FOUND
ON PRASLIN ISLAND. GREEN PARROTS ARE INVASIVE AND
ARE THEREFORE ERADICATED IN ORDER FOR BLACK
PARROTS TO THRIVE IN THE ECOSYSTEM.INCENTIVE OF
5000 SEYCHELLES RUPEES ($380) REWARDED IF INVASIVE
GREEN PARROTS ARE REPORTED AND ERADICATED.
FREGATE ISLAND PRIVATE- FREGATE ISLAND
FOUNDATION- A NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION CREATED
FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE FLORA AND FAUNA OF
THE ISLAND. INVOLVED IN THE SAFEGUARDING AND
PROMOTING THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL HERITAGE
OF THE ISLAND. THE OVERALL MISSION OF FREGATE
ISLAND FOUNDATION IS COLLABORATIVELY TO
CONTRIBUTE TOWARDS THE CONSERVATION AND
PRESERVATION OF THE ISLANDS SURROUNDING MARINE
ECOSYSTEM AND WHILE SAFEGUARDING AND
PROMOTING THE SOCIO-CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE
SEYCHELLES AND ITS PEOPLE- PROJECT IS IN
PARTNERSHIP WITH THE SEYCHELLES GOVERNMENT,
NGO PARTNERS AND STRONG AFFILIATES.

16. SEYCHELLES’ LEADERSHIP RECOGNIZES THE NEED FOR CONTINUED
MONITORING OF VISITOR IMPACTS AND PROACTIVE DESTINATION
MANAGEMENT. TO ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, A QUALITY
VISITOR EXPERIENCE, AND THE WELL-BEING OF LOCALS, TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT DECISIONS ARE BASED ON THE NEEDS AND RESOURCES OF
THE ISLANDS. THIS IS DETERMINED BY REGULAR CARRYING CAPACITY
STUDIES.
SEYCHELLES IS HOME TO UNESCO-DESIGNATED SITES, CORAL ATOLL
ALDABRA AND VALLÉE DE MAI- PROTECTION IS KEY AS THESE ARE MAIN
PHYSICAL ATTRACTIONS.
PRESERVATION OF ENDEMIC FAUNA SUCH AS THE VALUABLE COCO DE
MER (LARGEST NUT IN THE WORLD)- HIGHEST MAJORITY FOUND IN THE
BOTANICAL GARDEN IN MAHE AND AT THE VALLEE DE MAI IN PRASLIN.
THESE ARE VALUABLE AND TAKE UP TO 25-50 YEARS TO GROW HENCE
THE LAW TO OWN A LICENCE UPON PURCHASE TO PROVE
AUTHENTICATION OF PURCHASE. EACH NUT IS WORTH $300.
MANY RESORTS HAVE REALISED THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PHYSICAL
ENVIRONMENT AND THE IMPACT OF IMPORTING PRODUCE FROM
ABROAD AND THUS HAVE CREATED MANY SANCTUARIES,
GREENHOUSES AND SMALL FARMS TO GROW PRODUCE ON SITE

17. TOURISM HAS ALLOWED FOR THE SEYCHELLES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
TO BE DEVELOPED AND THIS RECEIVES INCOMING FLIGHTS FROM
COUNTRIES SUCH AS KENYA, MALDIVES, MAURITIUS, SOUTH AFRICA,
TURKEY, QATAR, THE UAE, ENGLAND AND FRANCE. CHARTER FLIGHTS ARE
ALSO FREQUENT FROM AUSTRALIA AND RUSSIA.
MANY AIRLINES VISITING EACH DAY SUCH AS TURKISH AIRLINES, EMIRATES,
ETIHAD, ETHIOPIAN AIRLINES, KENYA AIRWAYS, AIR AUSTRAL, BRITISH
AIRWAYS.
CREATION OF THE NATIONAL AIRLINE, AIR SEYCHELLES HAS ALLOWED
FOR MANY LOCAL SEYCHELLOIS PEOPLE TO BE TRAINED ABROAD IN ABU
DHABI TO BECOME FLIGHT ATTENDANTS- PROVIDES INCOME AND
INCREASES LOCAL EMPLOYMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF SKILLS.
MORE SEYCHELLOIS PEOPLE HAVE BEEN ABLE TO EARN A LIVING FROM
THE TOURISM INDUSTRY- EARNING A HIGHER WAGE FROM TOURISM HAS
INCREASED THE BUYING POWER AND HAS ALLOWED MORE LOCALS TO
TRAVEL BETWEEN THE ARCHIPELAGO TO NEIGHBOURING ISLANDS SUCH
AS PRASLIN, LA DIGUE AND DESROCHES.
CRIPPLING DRUG ADDICTION- HEROIN AND CANNABIS AS TOURISM HAS
GENERATED WEALTH FOR PEOPLE TO AFFORD DRUGS.-
HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=TVQMDYPL6FK - NEW BBC AFRICA
DOC.
SOCIETY

18. TRADITIONAL DANCES SUCH AS MOUTYA, KAMTOLE AND SEGA
HAVE BEEN ADAPTED TO FIT THE TOURIST'S NEEDS-
INTERACTION WITH TOURISTS.- LOST ITS SIGNIFICANCE
WEALTH DISPARITIES BETWEEN THE LOCALS AND TOURISTS
HAVE CREATED HIGH LEVELS OF CRIME IN THE SOUTH OF MAHE
(MAIN ISLAND) WITH FREQUENT REPORTS OF THEFT OF BAGS
FROM TOURISTS.
OVER RELIANCE ON TOURISM AS IT IS THE HIGHEST CONTRIBUTOR TO THE
GDP FOLLOWED BY THE FISHING INDUSTRY (LARGEST TUNA FACTORY IN
EAST AFRICA)- IF TOURISM FAILS THEN THE WHOLE ISLAND'S ECONOMY
GOES DOWN- CURRENCY COLLAPSE.- THIS OCCURRED DURING COVID AS
THE LOW VISITOR NUMBERS LEFT MANY UNEMPLOYED, THE ECONOMY
WAS WEAK AND MANY LOCAL BUSINESSES HAD TO BAIL OUT THE
SEYCHELLES GOVERNMENT THROUGH DONATIONS. SEYCHELLES HAD TO
TURN TO THE WORLD BANK FOR LOANS. ALSO RECEIVED FINANCE FROM
USUAL DONATORS (UAE).
TOURISM CREATES JOBS AND THIS REDUCES THE UNEMPLOYMENT LEVEL-
THE SEYCHELLES TOURISM ACADEMY- STA- (POST-SECONDARY) ALLOWS
FOR THE YOUTH TO DEVELOP SKILLS AND ATTAIN A HIGHER EDUCATION
THROUGH COURSES THAT ARE CATERED TOWARDS THE TOURISM
INDUSTRY WHERE THEY CAN GO INTO DIFFERENT SECTORS SUCH AS
MANAGEMENT, FRONT OFFICE, CHEFS, SPA THERAPISTS ETC.

19. MANY JOBS IN THE INDUSTRY ARE LOW PAYING, LEADING
TO HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES AS PEOPLE LEAVE
COMPANIES AS A RESULT OF THE RELUCTANCE TO PAY
WAGES ON TIME (SAVOY AND CORAL STRAND HOTEL) /
HIGHER WAGES.
TOURISM IS OFTEN A SEASONAL INDUSTRY AND CAN
LEAVE MANY UNEMPLOYED FOR MONTHS ON END
UNSUSTAINABLE AS MANY OFTEN HAVE TO GET SECOND
JOBS TO SUSTAIN THEIR FAMILIES NEEDS.
INCREASE IN GARBAGE HEADING TO THE LANDFILL AS A
RESULT OF CARELESS TOURISM WASTAGE. THIS HAS
CAUSED MORE FIRES AND LED TO THE CLOSURE OF THE
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT ON A FEW OCCASIONS OVER
THE SPAN OF 2 YEARS.THE MAJORITY OF TOURISTS
STAYING IN FIVE-STAR RESORTS IN SEYCHELLES
GENERATE MORE WASTE COMPARED TO THE LOCALS
THEMSELVES.
TOURISM ELEVATES THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF
RESIDENTS BY PROVIDING A HIGHER QUALITY OF LIFE BY
PROVIDING HIGHER INCOME-GENERATING
OPPORTUNITIES AND BOOSTING THE ECONOMY. PRIOR
TO THE PANDEMIC, THE INDUSTRY CONTRIBUTED 42% OF
THE COUNTRY’S GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) AND
EMPLOYED OVER TWO-THIRDS OF THE WORKFORCE.

20. ECONOMIC LEAKAGE AS THE MAJORITY OF TOURISM
EMPLOYEES AND EX-PATS FROM COUNTRIES SUCH AS THE
PHILIPPINES AND SRI LANKA ETC. THIS LEAKAGE OCCURS AS
MONEY IS SENT HOME AS REMITTANCES TO THEIR FMILIES.
LEAKAGE IN THE FORM OF MANY TRANSNATIONAL TOURISM
ORGANISATIONS INVESTING IN SEYCHELLES SUCH AS THE
CONSTANCE RESORT GROUPS, KEMPINSKI, FOUR SEASONS,
HILTON AND SIX SENSES ETC.
MULTIPLIER EFFECT AS MONEY IS SPENT BY TOURISTS ON
BUYING CRAFTS FROM LOCAL ARTISANS AT THE CRAFT
VILLAGE OR AT BAZAAR LABRIN EVERY WEDNESDAY NIGHT
(BEAU VALLON). THIS MONEY IS THEN CIRCULATED AND
BOOSTS THE ECONOMY.
INCOME GENERATED FROM TOURISM HAS ALLOWED FOR
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TO TAKE PLACE. MORE MONEY TO
INVEST IN INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE COUNTRY- EXPANSION OF
HIGHWAY TO OVER 6 LANES.
ECONOMY
INCOME GENERATED FROM TOURISM HAS ALLOWED FOR
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TO TAKE PLACE. MORE MONEY TO
INVEST IN INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE COUNTRY- EXPANSION OF
HIGHWAY TO OVER 6 LANES.
GOVERNMENT IS EARNING FROM TOURISM TAXATION.
THE SHARP INCREASE IN TOURISM IN SEYCHELLES HAS
CREATED FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES FOR LOCALS AS THE PRICE
OF ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD HAS SKYROCKETED AS A
RESULT OF DEMAND FROM TOURISM.
GOVERNMENT IS EARNING FROM TOURISM TAXATION.
THE SHARP INCREASE IN TOURISM IN SEYCHELLES HAS
CREATED FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES FOR LOCALS AS THE PRICE
OF ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD HAS SKYROCKETED AS A
RESULT OF DEMAND FROM TOURISM.

21. IN 2022 ALONE, 335,000 VISITORS ARRIVED AND STAYED IN
THE SEYCHELLES.
IN 2020, THE COUNTRY HIT ITS ALL TIME LOW WITH 124, 500
VISITORS COMING TO THE ISLANDS- EFFECTS OF THE COVID
PANDEMIC
IN 2000, ABOUT 140,000 VISITORS CAME AND THIS NUMBER
STEADILY INCREASED UNTIL 2014 WHERE THE NUMBERS
SKYROCKETED AND HIT THE HIGHEST EVER AT 428,000 IN
2019.
TOURISM IS THE COUNTRY'S MOST SIGNIFICANT INDUSTRY
SECTOR FOLLOWED BY FISHING.
CRUISE TOURISM TO THE ISLANDS IS GROWING AS WELL,
EXPANDING FROM 15,600 ARRIVALS TO 44,000 ARRIVALS IN
LESS THAN 10 YEARS
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT REPRESENTS A
DISTINCTIVE AND STRATEGIC COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE.
Additional facts