When building a database, an organization must consider the content, access, logical structure, and physical organization of the data. This includes determining what data to collect, who can access what data and when, how the data should be logically arranged, and the physical location and infrastructure to store the data. Building an effective database requires both a logical design that models how the data should be structured, as well as a physical design that optimizes performance and costs based on the logical design.

1. MIS
Group 3
Chapter 5 page 16 – 20

2. Data Modeling and Database
Characteristics
 When building a database, an
organization must consider:
- Content
- Access
- Logical Structure
- Physical Organization

3. Data Modeling and Database
Characteristics
 Content: What data should be
collected and at what cost?

4. Data Modeling and Database
Characteristics
 Access: What data should be provided
to which user and when?

5. Data Modeling and Database
Characteristics
 Logical Structure: How should data be
arranged so that it makes sense to a
given user?

6. Data Modeling and Database
Characteristics
 Physical Organization:
- Where should data be physically
located?

7. Data Center
 Climate-controlled building or set of
buildings that:
- House database servers and the systems
that deliver mission-critical information and
services.

8. Data Center
 Traditional data centers:
- Consist of warehouses filled with row
upon row of server racks and powerful
cooling systems.

9. Data Modeling
 Building a database requires two
types of designs:
◦ Logical design
 Abstract model of how data should be
structured and arranged to meet an
organization’s information needs
◦ Physical design:
 Starts from the logical database design and
fine-tunes it for performance and cost
considerations

10. Data Modeling (continued)
 Planned data redundancy
◦ Done to improve system performance so
that user reports or queries can be created
more quickly
 Data model
◦ Diagram of data entities and their
relationships
 Enterprise data modeling
◦ Starts by investigating the general data
and information needs of the organization
at the strategic level

11. Data Modeling ( continued )
 Entity-relationship (ER) diagrams:
◦ Data models that use basic graphical
symbols to show the organization of and
relationships between data

12. An Entity-Relationship (ER) Diagram for
a Customer Order Database