Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the
period from puberty to legal adulthood. Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its
physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later. Self-esteem can be defined as an
individual’s judgment of his or her self-worth (Rosenberg 1965). Alcoholism also known as Alcohol use
disorder(AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in ment al or physical health problems.
Methods
A descriptive research design was done in thrivallur district. 100 samples are included in our study. purposive
sampling techniques method was used in selecting the samples. Rosernberg self-esteem scale, were used to
collect data.
Results
The level of self-esteem among adolescents of alcohol dependent parent. (33%) are low self-esteem, (67%) are
moderate self-esteem, (0%) are high self-esteem.
Conclusion
The overall study finding showed that 67% of the sample had moderate self-esteem among adolescents of
alcoholic dependent parent in Thiruvallur District.
This document provides an overview of the existential and psychoanalytical models of conceptualizing human behavior in psychiatric nursing. It defines key terms like theory, concepts, assumptions and phenomena. For the existential model, it describes the philosophical origins, views on behavioral deviations, therapeutic process and roles of therapist and client. For the psychoanalytical model, it outlines Freud's structural theory of mind, psychosexual stages of development, basic concepts like psychic energy and instincts, and roles of patient and psychoanalyst in therapy.
This document discusses the Tamil Nadu Nurses Association of India (TNAI), a voluntary organization for nurses in Tamil Nadu. It outlines TNAI's objectives of promoting nursing standards and welfare of nurses, its membership process and benefits, functions including professional development, and future plans to address challenges and further its vision. The document concludes by emphasizing TNAI's role in supporting nurses across India.
The document discusses crisis intervention, including:
1. Defining crisis and the three types: developmental, situational, and adventitious.
2. The goals, aims, and purpose of crisis intervention which are to decrease stress, assist in organizing support, and help return to pre-crisis functioning.
3. Key elements of crisis intervention management including creating trust, active listening, asking open-ended questions, and involving family/social supports.
4. The four phases of crisis intervention: immediate response, assessment, intervention planning, and resolution/future planning.
This document discusses key concepts in human relations, including definitions of human relations, understanding self, social behavior, social attitudes, motivation, individuals and groups, and group dynamics. It provides definitions of human relations and examines human relations in the context of nursing. It explores understanding self, including strategies to improve self-understanding using the Johari window model. Factors that influence social behavior and how social attitudes form and change are also summarized. Theories of motivation, such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs, are overviewed. Characteristics and types of groups are defined and the roles of individuals within groups are described. The document examines group dynamics, outlining aspects such as group formation, communication, and stages of group development.
Crisis intervention
To introduce the topic
To define crisis
To describe the crisis proneness Characteristic
To enumerate about the types of crisis.
To explain the phases of crisis.
To enlist the sign and symptoms of crisis.
To discuss about the process of crisis intervention
To define the crisis intervention.
To elaborate about aims of crisis intervention
The document provides information on crisis intervention models and strategies. It discusses:
1) The seven stage crisis intervention model which includes assessing the crisis, establishing rapport, identifying problems, dealing with feelings, generating alternatives, developing an action plan, and establishing follow up.
2) Critical incident stress debriefing, a strategy used with first responders to traumatic events to discuss the event, promote cohesion, and educate on stress reactions and coping.
3) The ACT model, a three stage conceptual framework that includes assessment, connecting to support, and addressing traumatic stress reactions through a seven stage model, critical incident stress management, and a 10 step acute stress management protocol.
This document provides an overview of the existential and psychoanalytical models of conceptualizing human behavior in psychiatric nursing. It defines key terms like theory, concepts, assumptions and phenomena. For the existential model, it describes the philosophical origins, views on behavioral deviations, therapeutic process and roles of therapist and client. For the psychoanalytical model, it outlines Freud's structural theory of mind, psychosexual stages of development, basic concepts like psychic energy and instincts, and roles of patient and psychoanalyst in therapy.
This document discusses the Tamil Nadu Nurses Association of India (TNAI), a voluntary organization for nurses in Tamil Nadu. It outlines TNAI's objectives of promoting nursing standards and welfare of nurses, its membership process and benefits, functions including professional development, and future plans to address challenges and further its vision. The document concludes by emphasizing TNAI's role in supporting nurses across India.
The document discusses crisis intervention, including:
1. Defining crisis and the three types: developmental, situational, and adventitious.
2. The goals, aims, and purpose of crisis intervention which are to decrease stress, assist in organizing support, and help return to pre-crisis functioning.
3. Key elements of crisis intervention management including creating trust, active listening, asking open-ended questions, and involving family/social supports.
4. The four phases of crisis intervention: immediate response, assessment, intervention planning, and resolution/future planning.
This document discusses key concepts in human relations, including definitions of human relations, understanding self, social behavior, social attitudes, motivation, individuals and groups, and group dynamics. It provides definitions of human relations and examines human relations in the context of nursing. It explores understanding self, including strategies to improve self-understanding using the Johari window model. Factors that influence social behavior and how social attitudes form and change are also summarized. Theories of motivation, such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs, are overviewed. Characteristics and types of groups are defined and the roles of individuals within groups are described. The document examines group dynamics, outlining aspects such as group formation, communication, and stages of group development.
Crisis intervention
To introduce the topic
To define crisis
To describe the crisis proneness Characteristic
To enumerate about the types of crisis.
To explain the phases of crisis.
To enlist the sign and symptoms of crisis.
To discuss about the process of crisis intervention
To define the crisis intervention.
To elaborate about aims of crisis intervention
The document provides information on crisis intervention models and strategies. It discusses:
1) The seven stage crisis intervention model which includes assessing the crisis, establishing rapport, identifying problems, dealing with feelings, generating alternatives, developing an action plan, and establishing follow up.
2) Critical incident stress debriefing, a strategy used with first responders to traumatic events to discuss the event, promote cohesion, and educate on stress reactions and coping.
3) The ACT model, a three stage conceptual framework that includes assessment, connecting to support, and addressing traumatic stress reactions through a seven stage model, critical incident stress management, and a 10 step acute stress management protocol.
The document discusses guidelines for organizing a critical care unit. Some key points covered are:
- A critical care unit should have 6-14 beds and be divided into pods of 10-15 beds each with dedicated staff.
- The unit should be located with easy access to emergency, operating rooms, and diagnostic departments. It should have sufficient space for patient transfer and equipment.
- Recommended floor space is 125-150 square feet per patient or 300 square feet for private rooms. Additional space is needed for staff areas.
- Essential equipment includes ventilators, monitors, infusion pumps, defibrillators, beds, and supplies for patient care and medication storage. Staff must be trained on equipment use and maintenance
1) The document describes the job descriptions and responsibilities of various nursing personnel roles.
2) It outlines 10 different nursing roles, from staff nurse to principal of a college of nursing.
3) For each role, it provides the educational qualifications, job summary, and main duties and responsibilities.
Institutionalization involved placing mentally ill patients in residential institutions for long-term care and protection. Deinstitutionalization began in the mid-20th century due to overcrowding in institutions, advances in medication, and new laws. It aimed to transition patients from institutions into community-based care but often lacked adequate support services. While it improved integration and independence, it also increased homelessness, revolving hospital visits, and incarceration among the mentally ill. A balanced approach with improved institutions and strengthened community programs is now advocated.
The document discusses stress adaptation and crisis intervention models. It defines stress, stressors, and different types of stress such as acute, episodic, and chronic stress. It describes coping strategies and adaptation. It then outlines Stuart's stress adaptation model, including its assumptions, concepts, and predisposing biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. Finally, it discusses crisis types, stages of a crisis, goals of crisis intervention, and its assessment, implementation, and termination stages.
This document discusses cost effectiveness analysis in healthcare. It defines different types of costs, including direct, indirect, and intangible costs. It also outlines the purposes, steps, and drawbacks of conducting a cost effectiveness analysis. A cost effectiveness analysis examines both the costs and health outcomes of alternative interventions to identify the most cost effective option. It aims to maximize health benefits relative to the available resources and provides empirical evidence to compare costs and consequences of different programs.
Group dynamics refers to how groups are formed, structured, and function. The document defines a group as two or more people acting interdependently toward common goals. It discusses factors that influence group dynamics like common motives, hierarchical roles, and communication. The roles of the nurse manager in group dynamics include supervising staff performance, achieving goals, employee development, and identifying solutions to problems. Understanding group dynamics is important for nurse managers to improve leadership and facilitate effective group functions.
1. Psychiatric–mental health nursing is a specialized area of nursing committed to promoting mental health through assessing, diagnosing, and treating behavioral problems, psychiatric disorders, and comorbid conditions using a combination of nursing skills, psychosocial interventions, and neurobiological research.
2. Psychiatric nurses work in a variety of clinical settings across the continuum of care providing services like health promotion, case management, providing therapeutic environments, administering treatment regimens, crisis intervention, and psychiatric rehabilitation.
3. Registered psychiatric nurses provide psychiatric care to individuals, families, and groups to help them function at an optimal level of psychological wellness through more effective behaviors and increased resilience to stress.
This document discusses the admission and discharge of mentally ill patients. It defines admission as allowing a patient to stay in the hospital for care and discharge as releasing a patient. Admission can be voluntary if requested by the patient or guardian, or involuntary if requested by others against the patient's will. Discharge includes releasing patients admitted voluntarily based on doctor approval, releasing involuntary patients to caregivers with bonds, and releasing prisoners based on fitness for trial. The roles of nurses include intake assessments, discharge planning, and ensuring legal and ethical standards are followed.
Crisis intervention is an immediate and short-term psychological care to restore equilibrium. I think this will be useful. This is very important topics in Advanced nursing practice and education too.
Schizophrenia is characterized by delusions of persecution or grandeur, as well as auditory hallucinations. Symptoms include paranoia from beliefs that one is being harmed, hearing voices, and seeing things that do not exist. These symptoms are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors and require lifelong treatment including antipsychotic drugs, though there is no cure.
Concept of normal and abnormal behaviour 1amitsunrise
Normal behavior is defined as when an individual is able to function adequately and perform daily activities efficiently while feeling satisfied. Abnormal behavior is defined as disturbances in thinking, emotions, and motor activity that express mental distress. Normal behavior is characterized by an accurate perception of reality and the ability to cope with stress and adapt to situations, while abnormal behavior involves changes in thinking and perception, reduced work efficiency, inability to cope, and lack of respect for oneself or others.
This document discusses vital statistics, which are numerical data on important life events like births, deaths, diseases, and marriages that provide information on community health and development. It defines various rates used in vital statistics like crude birth rate and infant mortality rate. It also outlines sources of vital statistics in India like the census, civil registration system, and health surveys. The roles of community health nurses in collecting, analyzing, and presenting vital statistics are also summarized.
Planning
Planning is an intellectual process of making decisions and it aims to achieve a co ordinate and consistent set of operations aimed at desired objectives. Planning is essentially a process of making choice between available alternatives at all levels of decision making.
The document discusses professional nursing organizations and regulatory bodies in India. It describes the objectives and roles of the International Council of Nurses (ICN) in promoting nursing standards worldwide. In India, the Indian Nursing Council (INC) regulates nursing education and practice by prescribing curriculum, recognizing nursing programs, and maintaining a register of nurses. State Nursing Councils register nurses and oversee nursing standards within each state. Overall the document outlines the structure and functions of major nursing organizations to promote quality healthcare through self-regulation of the nursing profession in India.
Nursing audit assists in:
1. Evaluating Nursing care given,
2. Achieving deserved and feasible quality of nursing care,
3. Stimulating better nursing records maintenance,
4. Focuses on patient care provided and not on care provider,
5. Contributes to research in nursing.
The Mental Health Act of 1987 was introduced to replace the outdated Indian Lunacy Act of 1912 and protect the rights of mentally ill individuals. The Act established central and state authorities to regulate mental health services. It outlines procedures for admission, detention, discharge and legal protection of mentally ill persons in psychiatric facilities. The Act aims to change societal attitudes towards mental illness and ensure mentally ill individuals receive treatment like other sick patients without stigma. It was later replaced by the Mental Healthcare Bill of 2013 to further strengthen legal safeguards and align with advancements in medical science.
The Student Nurses Association (SNA) was established in 1929 as part of the Trained Nurses Association of India. The SNA organizes meetings, conferences, and other professional and social activities for nursing students. It also maintains records of its activities and units through tools like the SNA Diary. The SNA provides awards and scholarships for nursing students and aims to promote leadership skills and social connections among its members.
Alcohol dependence syndrome is characterized by pathological use of alcohol that causes impairment in social and occupational functioning. It involves physical dependence, tolerance to alcohol, and withdrawal symptoms when alcohol is stopped. Treatment involves detoxification using benzodiazepines to manage withdrawal symptoms, followed by behavioral therapies, group therapy, psychotherapy, and medications to reduce cravings and prevent relapse. Nursing management focuses on safety, monitoring for complications, providing education and psychosocial support to patients and their families.
The document discusses various community resources in India that provide support to vulnerable groups. It describes trauma services that help victims of road accidents, as well as old age homes, orphanages, homes for people with disabilities, destitute homes, and other community services. Trauma services aim to provide definitive care within an hour and establish facilities every 100 km. Old age homes provide free or paid shelter, food, and medical care for seniors without family support. Orphanages care for destitute children by providing shelter, education, and medical care. Homes for people with disabilities offer rehabilitation services, vocational training, and daily activities. Destitute homes shelter and feed people without family or means of support. Overall, the document
LEVELS OF DEPRESSION AND SELF-ESTEEM IN STUDENTSindexPub
Introduction: among the most worrying problems in recent years are low self-esteem, family and friends problems, anxiety, stress, and depression, which are taking on alarming proportions in students and young people in general. Purpose: the study is a prediction, which focuses on analyzing and evaluating students' self-esteem and level of depression. Methodology: the population is 332 students (13-15 years old) in high schools in the Gjakova region. The study describes the analysis, classification, and evaluation of the collected data by doing the analysis and real examination of the findings. Results: in terms of gender there is no significant difference in self-esteem, while in depression there is a significant difference. The level of depression is higher in women (11.9) than in men (9.5). Economic status shows that students with employed fathers have lower depression (6.77) compared to those with unemployed fathers (10.80). Conclusions: The level of depression and self-esteem and parental reflection affect students. A link has been found between economic status and emotional problems and student behavior. To prevent it, the psychological service in schools should function, and together with families and the community should be as close as possible to the problems of students.
The document discusses various factors that can contribute to mental illness, including biological, cultural, and psychological factors. It divides life into stages from infancy to old age and discusses potential causes of abnormal behavior and challenges of adjustment at each stage. These include things like the quality of parenting and relationships in infancy and childhood, stresses of adolescence, crises of early adulthood, adjustments of middle age, and challenges of physical and social changes in old age. The document emphasizes that mental illness usually stems from multiple interacting factors rather than a single cause.
The document discusses guidelines for organizing a critical care unit. Some key points covered are:
- A critical care unit should have 6-14 beds and be divided into pods of 10-15 beds each with dedicated staff.
- The unit should be located with easy access to emergency, operating rooms, and diagnostic departments. It should have sufficient space for patient transfer and equipment.
- Recommended floor space is 125-150 square feet per patient or 300 square feet for private rooms. Additional space is needed for staff areas.
- Essential equipment includes ventilators, monitors, infusion pumps, defibrillators, beds, and supplies for patient care and medication storage. Staff must be trained on equipment use and maintenance
1) The document describes the job descriptions and responsibilities of various nursing personnel roles.
2) It outlines 10 different nursing roles, from staff nurse to principal of a college of nursing.
3) For each role, it provides the educational qualifications, job summary, and main duties and responsibilities.
Institutionalization involved placing mentally ill patients in residential institutions for long-term care and protection. Deinstitutionalization began in the mid-20th century due to overcrowding in institutions, advances in medication, and new laws. It aimed to transition patients from institutions into community-based care but often lacked adequate support services. While it improved integration and independence, it also increased homelessness, revolving hospital visits, and incarceration among the mentally ill. A balanced approach with improved institutions and strengthened community programs is now advocated.
The document discusses stress adaptation and crisis intervention models. It defines stress, stressors, and different types of stress such as acute, episodic, and chronic stress. It describes coping strategies and adaptation. It then outlines Stuart's stress adaptation model, including its assumptions, concepts, and predisposing biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. Finally, it discusses crisis types, stages of a crisis, goals of crisis intervention, and its assessment, implementation, and termination stages.
This document discusses cost effectiveness analysis in healthcare. It defines different types of costs, including direct, indirect, and intangible costs. It also outlines the purposes, steps, and drawbacks of conducting a cost effectiveness analysis. A cost effectiveness analysis examines both the costs and health outcomes of alternative interventions to identify the most cost effective option. It aims to maximize health benefits relative to the available resources and provides empirical evidence to compare costs and consequences of different programs.
Group dynamics refers to how groups are formed, structured, and function. The document defines a group as two or more people acting interdependently toward common goals. It discusses factors that influence group dynamics like common motives, hierarchical roles, and communication. The roles of the nurse manager in group dynamics include supervising staff performance, achieving goals, employee development, and identifying solutions to problems. Understanding group dynamics is important for nurse managers to improve leadership and facilitate effective group functions.
1. Psychiatric–mental health nursing is a specialized area of nursing committed to promoting mental health through assessing, diagnosing, and treating behavioral problems, psychiatric disorders, and comorbid conditions using a combination of nursing skills, psychosocial interventions, and neurobiological research.
2. Psychiatric nurses work in a variety of clinical settings across the continuum of care providing services like health promotion, case management, providing therapeutic environments, administering treatment regimens, crisis intervention, and psychiatric rehabilitation.
3. Registered psychiatric nurses provide psychiatric care to individuals, families, and groups to help them function at an optimal level of psychological wellness through more effective behaviors and increased resilience to stress.
This document discusses the admission and discharge of mentally ill patients. It defines admission as allowing a patient to stay in the hospital for care and discharge as releasing a patient. Admission can be voluntary if requested by the patient or guardian, or involuntary if requested by others against the patient's will. Discharge includes releasing patients admitted voluntarily based on doctor approval, releasing involuntary patients to caregivers with bonds, and releasing prisoners based on fitness for trial. The roles of nurses include intake assessments, discharge planning, and ensuring legal and ethical standards are followed.
Crisis intervention is an immediate and short-term psychological care to restore equilibrium. I think this will be useful. This is very important topics in Advanced nursing practice and education too.
Schizophrenia is characterized by delusions of persecution or grandeur, as well as auditory hallucinations. Symptoms include paranoia from beliefs that one is being harmed, hearing voices, and seeing things that do not exist. These symptoms are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors and require lifelong treatment including antipsychotic drugs, though there is no cure.
Concept of normal and abnormal behaviour 1amitsunrise
Normal behavior is defined as when an individual is able to function adequately and perform daily activities efficiently while feeling satisfied. Abnormal behavior is defined as disturbances in thinking, emotions, and motor activity that express mental distress. Normal behavior is characterized by an accurate perception of reality and the ability to cope with stress and adapt to situations, while abnormal behavior involves changes in thinking and perception, reduced work efficiency, inability to cope, and lack of respect for oneself or others.
This document discusses vital statistics, which are numerical data on important life events like births, deaths, diseases, and marriages that provide information on community health and development. It defines various rates used in vital statistics like crude birth rate and infant mortality rate. It also outlines sources of vital statistics in India like the census, civil registration system, and health surveys. The roles of community health nurses in collecting, analyzing, and presenting vital statistics are also summarized.
Planning
Planning is an intellectual process of making decisions and it aims to achieve a co ordinate and consistent set of operations aimed at desired objectives. Planning is essentially a process of making choice between available alternatives at all levels of decision making.
The document discusses professional nursing organizations and regulatory bodies in India. It describes the objectives and roles of the International Council of Nurses (ICN) in promoting nursing standards worldwide. In India, the Indian Nursing Council (INC) regulates nursing education and practice by prescribing curriculum, recognizing nursing programs, and maintaining a register of nurses. State Nursing Councils register nurses and oversee nursing standards within each state. Overall the document outlines the structure and functions of major nursing organizations to promote quality healthcare through self-regulation of the nursing profession in India.
Nursing audit assists in:
1. Evaluating Nursing care given,
2. Achieving deserved and feasible quality of nursing care,
3. Stimulating better nursing records maintenance,
4. Focuses on patient care provided and not on care provider,
5. Contributes to research in nursing.
The Mental Health Act of 1987 was introduced to replace the outdated Indian Lunacy Act of 1912 and protect the rights of mentally ill individuals. The Act established central and state authorities to regulate mental health services. It outlines procedures for admission, detention, discharge and legal protection of mentally ill persons in psychiatric facilities. The Act aims to change societal attitudes towards mental illness and ensure mentally ill individuals receive treatment like other sick patients without stigma. It was later replaced by the Mental Healthcare Bill of 2013 to further strengthen legal safeguards and align with advancements in medical science.
The Student Nurses Association (SNA) was established in 1929 as part of the Trained Nurses Association of India. The SNA organizes meetings, conferences, and other professional and social activities for nursing students. It also maintains records of its activities and units through tools like the SNA Diary. The SNA provides awards and scholarships for nursing students and aims to promote leadership skills and social connections among its members.
Alcohol dependence syndrome is characterized by pathological use of alcohol that causes impairment in social and occupational functioning. It involves physical dependence, tolerance to alcohol, and withdrawal symptoms when alcohol is stopped. Treatment involves detoxification using benzodiazepines to manage withdrawal symptoms, followed by behavioral therapies, group therapy, psychotherapy, and medications to reduce cravings and prevent relapse. Nursing management focuses on safety, monitoring for complications, providing education and psychosocial support to patients and their families.
The document discusses various community resources in India that provide support to vulnerable groups. It describes trauma services that help victims of road accidents, as well as old age homes, orphanages, homes for people with disabilities, destitute homes, and other community services. Trauma services aim to provide definitive care within an hour and establish facilities every 100 km. Old age homes provide free or paid shelter, food, and medical care for seniors without family support. Orphanages care for destitute children by providing shelter, education, and medical care. Homes for people with disabilities offer rehabilitation services, vocational training, and daily activities. Destitute homes shelter and feed people without family or means of support. Overall, the document
LEVELS OF DEPRESSION AND SELF-ESTEEM IN STUDENTSindexPub
Introduction: among the most worrying problems in recent years are low self-esteem, family and friends problems, anxiety, stress, and depression, which are taking on alarming proportions in students and young people in general. Purpose: the study is a prediction, which focuses on analyzing and evaluating students' self-esteem and level of depression. Methodology: the population is 332 students (13-15 years old) in high schools in the Gjakova region. The study describes the analysis, classification, and evaluation of the collected data by doing the analysis and real examination of the findings. Results: in terms of gender there is no significant difference in self-esteem, while in depression there is a significant difference. The level of depression is higher in women (11.9) than in men (9.5). Economic status shows that students with employed fathers have lower depression (6.77) compared to those with unemployed fathers (10.80). Conclusions: The level of depression and self-esteem and parental reflection affect students. A link has been found between economic status and emotional problems and student behavior. To prevent it, the psychological service in schools should function, and together with families and the community should be as close as possible to the problems of students.
The document discusses various factors that can contribute to mental illness, including biological, cultural, and psychological factors. It divides life into stages from infancy to old age and discusses potential causes of abnormal behavior and challenges of adjustment at each stage. These include things like the quality of parenting and relationships in infancy and childhood, stresses of adolescence, crises of early adulthood, adjustments of middle age, and challenges of physical and social changes in old age. The document emphasizes that mental illness usually stems from multiple interacting factors rather than a single cause.
A Review Study on Spiritual Intelligence, Adolescence and Spiritual Intellig...Jonathan Dunnemann
This paper reviewed the articles about adolescence, its relation to spiritual intelligence and the related theories. The adolescence period is the best time to develop positive emotions and training skills, because adolescents are seeking to find their identity and their future personality at this period. Spiritual intelligence has a significant influence on the quality of life and it goes without saying that adolescence is a sensitive period which requires specific training to make a brighter future and be exposed to the difficulties. Spirituality can be viewed as a form of intelligence because it predicts functioning and adaptation and offers capabilities that enable people to solve
problems and attain goals. Conceiving spirituality as a sort of intelligence extends the psychologist’s conception of spirituality and allows its association with the rational cognitive processes like goal achievement and problem solving. Emotional intelligence allows us to judge in which situation we are involved and then to behave appropriately within it. Spiritual intelligence allows us to ask if we want to be in this particular situation in the
first place.
The document discusses physiological influences on adolescent sexual behavior based on a systematic review of 13 studies. Key findings include:
- Hormonal changes, particularly increasing testosterone levels, are associated with earlier initiation of sexual activity and more frequent sex for both males and females. However, psychosocial factors may moderate these effects, especially for females.
- Brain development during puberty also influences sexual behavior, though studies show this operates differently between genders.
- Psychosocial contexts like relationships with peers, religious involvement, and perceptions of maturity play a role but are more influential for females compared to the direct effects of hormones on males.
A Review Study on Spiritual Intelligence, Adolescence and Spiritual Intellige...Jonathan Dunnemann
This document provides a literature review on spiritual intelligence, adolescence, and related theories. It discusses how adolescence is an important period for developing skills and identity. Spiritual intelligence training during adolescence can help develop emotional regulation, motivation, empathy and build character to successfully transition to adulthood. Theories like Erikson's psychosocial development theory view adolescence as a time of identity crisis that can be resolved through exploring life's direction. Spiritual intelligence is conceived as a type of intelligence involving spiritual capabilities and resources that predict adaptation and problem solving. It allows people to connect intra- and interpersonally and ask deeper questions about life's meaning to develop one's potential.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Tamela M. McGhee--PSYC4900--Unit 10 Portfolio PresentationTamela McGhee
This document is a capstone presentation summarizing the key points of Tamela McGhee's Bachelor's degree in psychology. The presentation explores several topics through different slides, including the positive impact of spirituality on mental health, the negative effects of video gaming on pro-social behaviors, cultural competency in the professional environment, and approaching ethical dilemmas with critical thinking. By the end of the presentation, the goal is to demonstrate McGhee's psychological knowledge, cultural awareness, critical thinking abilities, and professional values. The presentation contains research summaries and conclusions on how spirituality can benefit those struggling with mental health issues, such as adolescents with alcoholic fathers and incarcerated individuals.
This document provides an introduction to a research study on the relationship between self-esteem and health-related risk behaviors among adolescents in Baguio City, Philippines. The study aims to understand how self-esteem relates to physical harm, substance abuse, sexual behaviors, dietary behaviors, and physical inactivity. It also examines potential differences based on gender and ethnicity. A correlational quantitative research design will be used, collecting data through a questionnaire distributed to a sample of 385 adolescents. The questionnaire will assess self-esteem and engagement in health risks, adapted from established tools.
Young adulthood brings changes in physical, cognitive, and social development. Physically, people reach peak strength and health in their 20s and 30s. Cognitively, skills are at their highest, and postformal thinking emerges. Socially, most people focus on careers, relationships, and starting families. Intimacy becomes an important task as friendships and romantic partnerships form. Parenthood involves new responsibilities and transitions as identities expand to include work and family roles.
This document discusses various determinants of health including biological, environmental, socio-economic, behavioral, health services, aging, and gender related factors. It explains how each of these intrinsic and extrinsic factors can influence an individual's health status. The key message is that health is determined by many interrelated factors, some within and some outside of a person's control, and improving health requires consideration of all the determinants.
One in five adolescents experience significant symptoms of emotional distress and nearly one in ten are emotionally impaired. The most common mental health disorders among adolescents include depression, anxiety disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and substance use disorder. Depression is one of the most widely studied conditions, with over a quarter of adolescents affected by at least mild depressive symptoms. National data show that 36.7% of female and 20.4% of male high school students have experienced sadness or hopelessness that prevented usual activities for two or more weeks.
This document discusses the role of behavioral sciences in dentistry. It defines key concepts like behavior, behavioral science, sociology, social psychology, and cultural anthropology. It also examines how sociological, psychological, and cultural factors can influence dental health and behaviors. Various theories of child psychology are outlined. Non-pharmacological and pharmacological methods of managing patient behavior in the dental office are also summarized.
Running head ABUSE AND ADDITION1ABUSE AND ADDICTION .docxjoellemurphey
Running head: ABUSE AND ADDITION 1
ABUSE AND ADDICTION 2
Abuse and Addiction in Adolescence
Selena McJimson
Liberty University
Abuse and Addiction in Adolescence
Adolescence years, the years between 12 and 20, can be viewed by many as time of difficulty and instability. During this period, adolescents deal with emotional turbulence caused by identity issues and wanting to be accepted by society. The beginning of adolescence is marked by puberty, a flood of biological events leading to an adult-sized body and sexual maturity (Berk, 2010). During puberty, sex organs develop fully and sex characteristics emerge. Whether one believes this to be true, adolescence is describe by significant physical, psychological, intellectual, and social changes.
Drugs and Adolescences
The abuse of substance is an increasing area of concern in adolescents. According to Feldman (2014), one in 15 high school seniors smoke marijuana on a daily or near-daily basis. Adolescents are more likely to experiment with cigarettes or illicit drugs without experiencing adverse side effects. Because of this, teenagers are more likely to continue to use. The abuse of such substances has physical consequences for the emerging adolescents, and may produce techniques that imitate other psychopathological behaviors. Recurrent and extended consumption not only intensify their risk of developing a substance use disorder, but hinder the development of essential psychosocial skills.
Typically, all illicit drugs arouse the brain’s reward circuitry which supplies the pleasure feeling. This is extremely dangerous during the adolescence years because it causes adolescents to display risky behavior. The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that allows people to think, evaluate and make complex judgements in a uniquely human way (Feldman, 2014).
Effects of Substance Abuse
Studies have shown that substance abuse is also related to a wide variety of psychological disorders. Substance use disorders (SUDs) during adolescence include substance dependence and substance abuse, which result from the self-administration of any substance that alters mood, perception, or brain functioning (Mash et.al, 2010). Substance dependency does not just cause psychological dependence but also may cause physical dependence. For example, if a person uses drugs every time they are faced a stressful situation, it would cause they to depend on that drug to help them cope with the problem. If drugs are used as an escape, they may prevent adolescents from confronting—and potentially solving—the problems that led to them to drug use in the first place (Feldman, p. 372).
People who develop psychological dependence believe that in order to function effectively, they must have the substance in their system. Physical dependence occurs when the body acclimates ...
High school students experience significant cognitive, physical, social and emotional development. Their brains mature to allow for more abstract thinking and improved problem solving skills. Physically, puberty is completed and sexual maturity is reached. Socially, teens develop a stronger sense of identity and form closer relationships with peers and romantic partners. They also engage in more advanced decision making but still demonstrate impulsive behavior at times due to the later development of the prefrontal cortex.
This document discusses various theories of human growth and development. It begins by defining growth and development, noting that growth refers to quantitative physical changes while development refers to qualitative functional changes. It then outlines several major theories including Piaget's stages of cognitive development, Freud's psychosexual stages, and Kohlberg's stages of moral development. The document also discusses factors that influence growth and development such as heredity and environment. It notes that individuals differ in physical, mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics and these differences can be measured to understand intelligence and other traits. Teachers should consider these individual differences to plan effective instruction.
A Self-Image Questionnaire For Young Adolescents (SIQYA) Reliability And Val...Daniel Wachtel
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4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
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A study to assess the self-esteem among adolescents of alcoholic dependent parent in Thiruvallur District
1. Thephilah C et al / Int. J. of Pharmacology and Clin. Research Vol-3(2) 2019 [64-71]
64
IJPCR |Volume 3 | Issue 2 | July - Dec - 2019
www.ijpcr.net
Research article Clinical research
A study to assess the self-esteem among adolescents of alcoholic dependent
parent in Thiruvallur District
Mrs. Thephilah Cathrine*1
, Ms. Ishwariya2
1
Department of Mental Health Nursing, Saveetha College of Nursing, SIMATS, Chennai, India.
2
B.Sc Nursing IV year, Saveetha College of Nursing, SIMATS, Chennai, India.
*
Address for correspondence: Mrs. Thephilah Cathrine
E-mail: cathrine_samuel@yahoo.in
ABSTRACT
Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the
period from puberty to legal adulthood. Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its
physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later. Self-esteem can be defined as an
individual’s judgment of his or her self-worth (Rosenberg 1965). Alcoholism also known as Alcohol use
disorder(AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.
Methods
A descriptive research design was done in thrivallur district. 100 samples are included in our study. purposive
sampling techniques method was used in selecting the samples. Rosernberg self-esteem scale, were used to
collect data.
Results
The level of self-esteem among adolescents of alcohol dependent parent. (33%) are low self-esteem, (67%) are
moderate self-esteem, (0%) are high self-esteem.
Conclusion
The overall study finding showed that 67% of the sample had moderate self-esteem among adolescents of
alcoholic dependent parent in Thiruvallur District.
Keywords: Self-esteem, Adolescents, Acoholic dependent parent.
INTRODUCTION
“Adolescents represents an inner emotional
upheaval, a struggle between the eternal human
wish to cling to the past and the equally
powerful wish to get on with the future” -Louise
J. Kaplan
In the life cycle of a homosapien organism,
adolescence is a period of transition from
childhood to adulthood. Adolescence is
characterized by rapid physical, biological and
hormonal changes resulting in to psychosocial,
behavioral and sexual maturation between the age
of 10-19 years in an individual [1].
–WHO
ADOLESCENTS
Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical
and psychological development that generally
International Journal of Pharmacology and
Clinical Research (IJPCR)
ISSN: 2521-2206
2. Thephilah C et al / Int. J. of Pharmacology and Clin. Research Vol-3(2) 2019 [64-71]
65
occurs during the period from puberty to legal
adulthood. Adolescence is usually associated with
the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or
cultural expressions may begin earlier and end
later. For example, puberty now typically begins
during preadolescence, particularly in females [2].
Physical growth (particularly in males) and
cognitive development can extend into early
twenties. Thus, age provides only a rough marker
of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult
to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence.
A thorough understanding of adolescence in
society depends on information from various
perspectives, including psychology, biology,
history, sociology, education, and anthropology.
Within all of these perspectives, adolescence is
viewed as a transitional period between childhood
and adulthood, whose for adult roles. It is a period
of multiple transitions involving education,
training, employment, and unemployment, as well
as transitions from one living circumstance to
another.
In studying adolescents development,
adolescence can be defined biologically, as the
physical transition marked by the onset of puberty
and the termination of physical growth;
cognitively, as changes in the ability to think
abstractly and multi-dimensionally; or socially, as a
period of preparation for adult roles [3]. The Study
of adolescent development often involves
interdisciplinary collaborations. For example,
researchers in neuroscience or bio-behavioral
health might focus on pubertal changes in brain
structure and its effects on cognition or social
relations.
SELF ESTEEM
Self- esteem reflects an individual’s overall
subjective emotional evaluation of their own worth
It is the decision made by an individual as an
attitude towards the self [4]. Self-esteem
encompasses beliefs about oneself,(for example, “I
am competent”, “I am worthy”), as well as
emotional states, such as triumph, despair, pride,
and shame.
Smith and Mackie (2007) defined it by saying
“The Self-concept is what we think about the self;
self-esteem, is the positive or negative evaluations
of the self, as in how we feel about it.”
Self-esteem is attractive as a social
psychological construct because researchers have
conceptualized it as an influential predictor of
certain outcomes, such as academic achievement,
happiness, satisfaction in marriage and
relationships, and criminal behavior [5].
Self-esteem can be defined as an individual’s
judgment of his or her self-worth (Rosenberg
1965). Self-esteem is generally considered the
evaluative component of the self-concept, a broader
representation of the self that includes cognitive
and behavioral aspects as well as evaluative or
affective ones (Tomaka & Blascovich, 1991) [6].
While the construct is most often used to refer to a
global sense of self-worth, narrower concepts such
as self-confidence or body-esteem are used to
imply a sense of self-esteem in more specific
domains. It is also widely assumed that self-esteem
functions as a trait, that is, it is stable across time
within individuals.
Self-esteem is an extremely popular construct
within psychology, and has been related to virtually
every other psychological concept or domain,
including personality (e.g., shyness), behavioral
(e.g., task performance), cognitive (e.g., attribution
bias), and clinical concepts (e.g., anxiety and
depression). Environment of acceptance and
success raises self-esteem, while environment of
failures lower it.
Self-esteem refers to how much a person likes
(esteems) herself or himself. Some behaviors
strongly suggest high or low self-esteem; For
example, a person with high self-esteem is unlikely
to attempt suicide. [7] Adolescents have varying
levels of self-esteem, which appears to be
influenced by such factors as gender, ethnicity, and
social class. It can also vary within an individual an
adolescent may have different levels of self-esteem
in different domains such as social, scholastics,
athletics, appearance, and general conduct and
actions.
ALCOHOLISM
Alcoholism also known as Alcohol use
disorder(AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of
alcohol that results in mental or physical health
problems. The disorder was previously divided into
two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence
[8]. In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist
3. Thephilah C et al / Int. J. of Pharmacology and Clin. Research Vol-3(2) 2019 [64-71]
66
when two or more of the following conditions are
present: a person drinks large amounts of alcohol
over a long time period, has difficulty cutting
down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a
great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired,
usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage
results in social problems, usage results in health
problems, usage results in risky situations,
withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol
tolerance has occurred with use.
Alcohol use can affect all parts of the body, but
it particularly affects the brain, heart, liver,
pancreas and immune system. This can result in
mental illness Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome,
irregular heartbeat, an impaired immune response,
liver cirrhosis and increased cancer risk, among
other disease [9]. Drinking during pregnancy can
cause damage to the baby resulting in fetal alcohol
spectrum disorders. Women are generally more
sensitive than men to the harmful physical and
mental effects of alcohol.
Alcoholism in family systems refers to the
conditions in families that enable alcoholism, and
the effects of alcoholic behavior by one or more
family members on the rest of the family. Mental
health professionals are increasingly considering
alcoholism and addiction as diseases that flourish
in and are enabled by family systems.
Children of alcoholics exhibit symptoms of
depression and anxiety more than children of non-
alcoholics. COAs have lower self-esteem than non-
COAs from childhood through young adulthood
[10]. Children of alcoholics show more symptoms
of anxiety, depression, and externalizing behavior
disorders than non-COAs. Some of these symptoms
include crying, lack of friends, fear of going to
school, nightmares, perfectionism, hoarding, and
excessive self-consciousness.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A sample of 100 adolescents of alcoholic
dependent parent are selected by purposive
sampling techniques.
Before commencing the data collection,
authorized setting permission obtained from the
concern authorities, consent was obtained from the
parents of the participants after explaining the
procedure and role in the study subjects was
selected by using purposive sampling technique.
Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire was
administered to the adolescents to assess the level
of self-esteem, the subjects was given 15-30
minutes to complete the test. Confidentiality was
assured.
The study investigators explained to the
adolescents about the study’s objectives, rational
and requirement of consent to participate in the
study. The investigators then provided instructions
for filling the questionnaire, and then guided the
adolescents. Understanding of each question was
checked by asking the adolescents to repeat the
meaning. During the filling of questionnaires, the
investigators helped the adolescents throughout and
helped simplifying the meaning of each question,
clarifying doubts and checking for completeness of
filling up the questionnaire
Chi-square test was used to test the association
between categorical variables. P < 0.05 was taken
as statistically significant
RESULTS
Regarding age out of 100 samples 41(41%)
samples were come under type of age group of 12-
15 yrs, 59(59%) samples were under the age group
of 16-19yrs. Regarding sex out of 100 samples
45(45%) samples were male, 55(55%) samples
were female.
Regarding education out of 100 samples
28(28%) samples were under 7th
to 9th
std, 35(35%)
samples were under 10th
to 12th
std, 37(37%)
samples were under Any degree. Regarding Father
occupation out of 100 samples 52(52%) samples
were under Agriculture, 40(40%) samples were
under Private/Govt. employee, 08(08%) samples
were under Unemployed. Regarding Type of family
out of 100 samples 97(97%) samples were Nuclear
family, 03(03%) samples were Joint family, 0(0%)
samples were Extended family,0(0%) Samples were
Single parent. Regarding
Habits of parent for consuming alcohol out of
100 samples 91(91%) samples were parent
consuming alcohol, 0(0%) samples were parents
not consuming alcohol, 09(09%) samples were
parent sometimes consuming alcohol.
Frequency and percentage distribution of the
level of self-esteem among adolescents of alcohol
dependent parent. (33) are low self-esteem, (67) are
moderate self-esteem, (0) are high self-esteem.
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67
The level of self-esteem among adolescents of
alcohol dependent parent the mean is 28.47 and the
standard deviation is 21.46.
The age, sex, education, father occupation, type
of family, habits of parent has no statistical
significance at p<0.05.
Table 1: Presentation of Frequency distribution of demographic variables of adolescents in Thiruvallur
District.
Si.No Demographic variables Frequency Percentage
1. Age
a)12-15 years
b)16-19 years
41
59
41%
59%
2. Sex
a)Male
b)Female
45
55
45%
55%
3. Education
a)7th
-9th
std
b)10th
-12th
std
c)Any degree
28
35
37
28%
35%
37%
4. Father occupation
a)Agriculture
b)Private/Govt employee
c)Unemployed
52
40
08
52%
40%
08%
5. Type of family
a)Nuclear family
b)Joint family
c)Extended family
d)Single parent
03
97
0
0
03%
97%
0%
0%
6. Do your father consume alcohol
a)Yes
b)No
c)Sometimes
91
0
09
91%
0%
09%
Table 1 Shows that regarding age out of 100
samples 41(41%) samples were come under type of
age group of 12-15 yrs, 59(59%) samples were
under the age group of 16-19yrs. Regarding sex out
of 100 samples 45(45%) samples were male,
55(55%) samples were female.
Regarding education out of 100 samples
28(28%) samples were under 7th
to 9th
std, 35(35%)
samples were under 10th
to 12th
std, 37(37%)
samples were under Any degree. Regarding Father
occupation out of 100 samples 52(52%) samples
were under Agriculture, 40(40%) samples were
under Private/Govt. employee, 08(08%) samples
were under Unemployed. Regarding Type of family
out of 100 samples 97(97%) samples were Nuclear
family, 03(03%) samples were Joint family, 0(0%)
samples were Extended family,0(0%) Samples were
Single parent. Regarding
Habits of parent for consuming alcohol out of
100 samples 91(91%) samples were parent
consuming alcohol, 0(0%) samples were parents
not consuming alcohol, 09(09%) samples were
parent sometimes consuming alcohol.
Table 2: Frequency and percentage distribution of the level of self-esteem among adolescents of
alcohol dependent parent in thiruvallur district
Level of Self-esteem Frequency Percentage
Low Self-esteem 33 33%
Moderate Self-esteem 67 67%
High Self-esteem 0 0%
Total 100 100%
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Table 2 Shows frequency and percentage
distribution of the level of self-esteem among
adolescents of alcohol dependent parent. (33) are
low self-esteem, (67) are moderate self-esteem, (0)
are high self-esteem.
Figure vii: percentage distribution of level of self-esteem among adolescents of alcohol dependent parent
It showed that out of 100 samples, 33(33%)
samples were come under Low self-esteem,
67(67%) samples were come under Moderate self-
esteem, 0(0%) samples were come under High self-
esteem.
Table 3: mean and standard deviation of level of self-esteem among adolescents of alcohol dependent
parent (n=100)
Variable mean Standard deviation
Level of self-esteem 28.47 21.46
Table3: Shows that to assess the level of self-
esteem among adolescents of alcohol dependent
parent the mean is 28.47 and the standard deviation
is 21.46.
DISCUSSION
The main focus of the study to assess the self-
esteem among adolescents of alcohol dependent
parent in thiruvallur district. The study findings are
discussed based on objectives.
The First objective of the study was to assess
the level of self-esteem among adolescents of
alcoholic parent
The level of self-esteem among adolescents of
alcohol dependent parent was assessed. Out of 100
samples, 33% had low self-esteem, 67% of them
had a moderate self-esteem and 0% of them had
high self-esteem. This objective is supported by
Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Providing education
on the reduction of low self-esteem was given. It
helps to ensure a high self-esteem in adolescents of
alcoholic dependent parent.
33%
67%
0%
LEVEL OF SELF-ESTEEM AMONG
ADOLESCENTS
Low self-esteem
Moderate self-esteem
High self-esteem
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69
The prevalence of low self-esteem among
adolescents of alcoholic dependent parent.
This was supported by Deepu Abraham
(2010): The study was conducted among all the
adolescents in an alternative school in Bangalore.
The size of the sample was 50 which include both
genders and the sampling design was purposive
sampling. Adolescents of the age group 11 to 18
years were included for the study. The student’s
level of self-esteem was assessed by using a 10-
item scale developed by Rosenberg (1965) [17].
The Rosenberg self-esteem scale was rated on a 4-
point likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree)
to 4 (strongly agree). The researcher reverse scored
five items that were negative in nature so that
higher scores would indicate higher level of self-
esteem [18, 19]. The scale ranges from 0-30. Scores
between 15 and 25 are within normal range; scores
below 15 suggest low self-esteem. A structured
questionnaire was designed to gather information
on the socio demographic profile and social
relation of adolescents. A pilot study was
conducted among 10 percent of samples and
necessary modifications were made. The statistical
analysis was done on the data using SPSS. The
level of significance was fixed at 0.005 (p,0.05).
The results show that, among the total
respondents, 62.0 percent of them are male
respondents (n=31) and 38.0 percent are female
respondents (n=19). 56 % of the respondents are
being compared with their sibling by their parents.
The study indicates that 44% of the respondents
feel stressed due to parental pressure. The
respondents who fall under the age group of 16-19
years have a higher self-esteem than the
respondents who fall under the age group of 11-15
years [20]. The study shows that, statistically there
is a significant relationship between the
respondents relationship with parents with respect
to respondents self-esteem. There is less significant
relationship between the respondents relationship
with peers with respect to respondents self-esteem.
Present study indicates that, statistically there is a
significant relationship between the respondents
relationship with teachers with respect to
respondents self-esteem.
The Second objective of the study was to
associate the level of self-esteem of adolescents
of alcoholic dependent parent with the
selected demographic variables
The level of self-esteem among adolescents of
alcoholic dependent parent in Thiruvallur District
is associated with many factors like age, sex,
education, father occupation, type of family,
alcohol consuming habit of parent may or may not
be influenced on the level of self-esteem among
adolescents.
In association between level of self-esteem and
selected demographic variables among adolescents
of alcoholic dependent parent was analyzed by
using chi-square, it was statistically found that
there was no association between level of self-
esteem and demographic variables such as age, sex,
education, father occupation, type of family, habits
of parent at the level of p<0.05.
CONCLUSION
The overall study finding showed that 67% of
the sample had moderate self-esteem among
adolescents of alcoholic dependent parent in
Thiruvallur District. More effective programs,
education and counseling and programmatic
interventions are needed to reduce low self-esteem
and improve the higher self-esteem among
adolescents.
Acknowledgement
The author is thankful of Prof. Dr.
S.Kalabharathi, principal of Saveetha College of
Nursing, SIMATS. For her encouragement,
valuable suggestions, support and advice given
throughout the study.
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