This document provides an overview of how to format in-text citations and reference lists using APA style. It discusses citing single authors, two authors, groups of 3-5 authors, and 6 or more authors in the text. For reference lists, it explains ordering references alphabetically and listing publications by the same author. The presentation also covers citing different publication types such as periodicals, books, and online sources, as well as personal communications. Overall, the document is a guide to properly citing sources in APA style for scholarly writing and publishing.

1. Using APA Style Manual
for Scholarly Publishing
A painless guide to

2. In-Text Citations
• Author(s) and year only
• Full citation in Reference List
• Parentheses & punctuation
– A recent study of phonics-based instruction (Meade, 2006) compared
two separate groups…
– Meade (2006) examined the rate of spoken words to ….
(King, 2001) (King, 2001, p. 67)
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

3. Two Authors: In-Text citation
• Family name of both authors and year
each time - except where there is a
repeated citation in the same paragraph.
(Siskel & Ebert, 2001, pp. 27-33)
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

4. 3-5 Authors: In-Text citation
• Cite all authors the first time
• (then) in subsequent citations of this work
use the family name of the first author plus
„et al.‟ and the year.
(Fontenot, Benoit, and Duchene, 2005)
Next Cite: (Fontenot et al., 2005, p. 62)
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

5. Six or more authors
• Use only the family name of the first author plus
„et al.‟ in all citations including the first.
• Smith et al. (2007) reviewed organization of
Science textbooks at the elementary and high
school level.
• In the reference list, provide the family name and
initials of the first six authors, and shorten any
remaining authors to „et al.‟
(Jone et al., 2005, pp. 12-41)
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

6. Corporate/Group/Government
Author: In-Text
(National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 2003)
Next Cite: (NIMH, 2003, p. 52)
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

7. Direct quote in text
• QUOTE MUST BE LESS THAN 40 WORDS TO BE IN TEXT
WITH QUOTATION MARKS!!!
MORE THAN 40 WORDS? Then indent and single space as a
block quote (without quotation marks)
• p. = single page
• pp. = multiple pages
• Roosevelt (1941) suggested that “the President is not bound
by term limits” (p. 47). Tinnes, in a comprehensive overview of
the office of the President, argued that a “paradigm shift
occurred after WWII and the general public demanded term
limits at the highest levels of government” (pp. 49-53).
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

8. No author: In-Text
• Shorten the title, and add the date
– Actual title: The benefits of an advanced
degree from Louisiana State University
(2007).
– Cite in text as: (“Advanced degrees at LSU,”
2007)…
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

9. Personal communication: In-Text
• J. R. Tolkien (personal communication,
January 8, 1997)
– Examples: Conversation, email, letters
– This is not included in works cited
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

10. Reference List Order
• Alphabetical order by author
– Letter by letter: Daigle, B. A. precedes
Daigrepont, A. R.
– MacArthur is listed before McAllister
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

11. Reference List Order: Same Author
• Smith, F. G. (2001).
• Smith, F. G. (2004).
• Smith, F. G. (2005).
• Sage, P. B. (2005).
• Sage, P. B., & Donahue, A. H. (2004).
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

12. Reference List Order: Same First
Author
• Ebert, H. N., Smith, M., & Alphonse, E. E.
(2000)
• Ebert, H. N., & Zoey, M. Q. (1999)
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

13. Publisher location/information
• Publisher Location
– city and state (or province) and country if needed for
clarity [Baton Rouge, La.; Paris, Texas, United States]
– Well known/Major cities, stand-alone:
New York, Chicago, London, Paris, Tokyo, Rome,
Boston,…
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

14. Reference List: Periodicals
Author, A., Author, B., & Author, C. (year).
Title of article. Title of Periodical, xxx(xx),
xxx-xxx.
Daigle, B., Allan, J., & Boudreaux, A. (2004).
Case study of technology application in a
special education setting. Journal of
Special Education, 79(5), 45-63.
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

15. Sample book citation
• Daigle, J. (2007). A Dictionary of the Cajun
language. Poitou, France: Maison-Coeur.
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

16. Sample book citations
• Tate, C. A guide to phonics-based
instruction (2nd ed.). Chicago: Tee Rowe
Price & Sons, Inc.
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

17. Reference List: Online Publication
• Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C.
(2000). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx,
xxx-xxx. Retrieved month day, year, from
source.
Jindal, B. (2007). Challenges for leadership: A
guide to Louisiana politics. International
Journal of Democratic Leadership, 55(3), 93-
101. Retrieved July 4, 2007 from
http://www.IJDL.com/39847912938475ldkfj
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

18. Periodical: Magazine
• Author, A., (year, month and date). Title of
article. Title of Magazine, Volume,
Pages.
Presented by Brent Daigle, Ph.D. (ABD)

19. The End