This document discusses light levels, measured in lux, which indicate the amount of illumination required for various activities and spaces, such as homes, offices, and supermarkets. It details the importance of proper lighting design, factors affecting illumination effectiveness, glare, and calculations for light planning. Additionally, it provides recommended lux levels for different environments to optimize visual clarity and comfort.

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Light Level, also referred to as Illuminance, represents the amount of
light that is measured on a surface (which is plane). Or, it can be
described as the total luminous ux incident that strikes on a plane
surface. It is measured per unit area and is commonly known as LUX.
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2. Understanding LUX
LUX, also called DIALux is increasingly becoming popular in the
modern world. You can now plan in DIALux with great luminaires
from the world’s most renowned manufacturers and enjoy ultimate
freedom in the lighting design process.
Bene ts of LUX
Featuring professional light planning, LUX is extremely simple and
effective. It utilizes the latest luminaire data and state-of-the-art
software that’s always available for free. The colored light scenes with
light emitting diodes (LED) are energy ef cient and guarantee
excellent illumination for all your buildings including outdoor spaces.
Recommended LUX Levels
The level of lighting in the outdoor is approximated to be 10,000 lux,
albeit on a normal, clear day. However, for a building, especially in the
areas that are closer to windows, the LUX levels may possibly be
reduced to 1,000 lux. On the other hand, the middle area may register
a 25 – 50 lux. Consequently, you may need additional lighting
equipment to compensate for these low levels. For precision &
detailed works, the level of light may range between 1500 to 2000
lux.
In homes- The recommended illumination levels for homes is often
150 lux. The living and dining rooms may work pretty well with about
25 to 50 lux.

3. Supermarkets- Working spaces like supermarkets and mechanical
rooms require light levels of about 750 lux.
In of ces- The normal workstation requires 500 LUX while the ADP
area and conference rooms require 500 LUX and 300LUX
respectively. The auditorium requires 150-200 LUX while the training
room and internal corridors should be supplied with 500 LUX and
200 LUX respectively.
The table below represents the light levels for different workspaces.
Activity Illumination
(Lux,
lumen/m )
Public areas featuring dark
surroundings
recommended
20-50
Warehouses, theaters,
homes, archives
150
Simple orientation meant
for short visits
50-100
Working areas involving
occasional visual tasks
100-150
Easy classes 250
Showrooms, normal of ce 500
2

4. work, a study library, PC
works
Detailed drawing and
mechanical work, operation
theaters
1,000
Supermarkets, of ce
landscapes
750
Performance of prolonged
& exacting visual tasks
5000-
10000
Performance of extremely
special visual activities of
very low contrast & small
size
10000-
20000
Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of
Illumination
The effectiveness of illumination is usually affected by several factors,
including light quantity & quality, contrast, amount of icker,
shadows, and intensity of glare. To optimize illumination in security,
emergency, and safety situations, consider adjusting each factor
differently. Lighting standards also play an important role in the

5. design, installation, durability, and ef cient distribution of
illumination.
Measuring and stimulating Light Level – Illuminance
Illuminance is measured in foot candles (ftcd, fc, fcd) or lux (in the
metric SI system). A foot candle is actually one lumen of light density
per square foot; one lux is one lumen per square meter.
• 1 lux = 1 lumen / sq. meter = 0.0001 phot = 0.0929 foot candle
(ftcd, fcd)
• 1 phot = 1 lumen / sq. centimeter = 10000 lumens / sq. meter =
10000 lux
• 1 foot candle (ftcd, fcd) = 1 lumen / sq. ft. = 10.752 lux
Calculating Illumination
Illumination is calculated using the formula = Ll Cu LLF / Al (1). In this
formula, I denotes illumination (measured in lux, i.e. lumen per m2), Ll
represents lumens/ lamp (i.e. lumen), Cu is the coef cient of
utilization, while LLF is light loss factor and Al is the area/ lamp
(measured in m2).
Light Planning: The Steps
Light planning is a ve-step process. The actual process involves:
Planning objective analysis
Planning conditions analyses
Overall planning
Detailed planning
Documentation
Understanding Glare
Glare can be categorized into two groups: discomfort and disability
glare. The level of discomfort glare can be measured by determining
the glare index in accordance to the UGR method. This is often
graded on a scale, which ranges between 13 and 28 where the greater
the glare index the greater the degree of glare. The smallest variation
in the glare index designating a signi cant difference is three.

6. Re ections from re ective glare or materials can usually be avoided
by adopting the following strategies:
· Choosing convenient luminaire positioning
· Using materials for all re ective surfaces
· Selecting xture with effective screening and low luminous
intensity
· Picking out luminaires with a bigger surface area
· Choosing light colors for your ceilings and walls
Balance is key
A well-balanced luminance is essential to boost visual clarity,
effectiveness of the ocular functions of the eye, and contrast
sensitivity. You should always avoid high luminance which can cause
glare, intense luminance contrasts that may cause visual tiredness,
and low luminance contrasts, which trigger a staid atmosphere that
doesn’t stimulate.
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