VANET navigators have been popularly adopts by using drivers. However, due to these sensibilities of GPS signals to terrains, vehicles cannot to get their locations, when they are anyone inside a tunnel or a road it’s surrounded by high rises, where satellite signal is ended. This mainly used for safety and convenience problems. But the VANETS advance into their critical areas and to become more dependent on these localization systems. GPS is starting to locate some uncertain problems, such not always being the available or not being robust enough for this some different applications. For the reason, a number of other localizations techniques such as Cellular Localization, Dead Reckoning, and Image Video Localization have been used in VANETs to overcome the GPS limitations. To address this issues, to proposes a novel Grid based On road localization system (GOT), where these vehicles with and without accurate of GPS signals self organizes into a Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET), exchange the locations and distance information and helps to each others to calculate an accurate position for all these vehicles inside the network. The location information’s can be exchanged among vehicles one or multiple hops away in this paper.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORK (VANET) USING CLUSTERING A...pijans
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETS) have actually attracted a lot of attention over the last few years as
being used to improve road safety. In this paper, cluster based technique has been introduced in VANET.
As VANET is a new form of MANET, so with this cluster based technique in VANET, several handoff
problems have been removed, which were actually difficult to remove in MANET. For this traffic
infrastructure cluster based routing has been used, with two routing protocols i.e. AODV and AODV+. The
network simulator NS2 has been used for removing unpredictable movements that may arise in the network.
Real time path planning based on hybrid vanet enhanced transportation systemIISTech2015
Real time path planning based on hybrid vanet enhanced transportation system || 2015-2016 IEEE NS2 Projects Training
Contact: IIS TECHNOLOGIES
ph:9952077540,landline:044 42637391
mail:info@iistechnologies.in
Challenging Issues in VANET Network and its Routing Algorithms-An Analysisidescitation
Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET), a rapidly
deployed wireless network, is a subclass of mobile ad hoc
networks (MANET) that uses multi-hop routing to provide
network connectivity among vehicles (V2V) or vehicle to road-
side equipments (V2R). VANETs have received increasing
research attention in recent years because of its vast
applications like safety, comfort and entertainment. Variations
with time in network topology impose new challenges for
routing protocols in such networks as traditional routing
protocols are not suitable for VANETs. This work is an attempt
to figure out the challenges in VANET comprehensively in
conjunction with the recommended routing protocols by
comparing the existing routing protocols with respect to
existing challenges.
vehicular Ad-Hoc Network:
this report contains a brief description on the VANET which can be considered as an application of MANET...
The report contains a basic overview, ITS, and routing algorithms.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORK (VANET) USING CLUSTERING A...pijans
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETS) have actually attracted a lot of attention over the last few years as
being used to improve road safety. In this paper, cluster based technique has been introduced in VANET.
As VANET is a new form of MANET, so with this cluster based technique in VANET, several handoff
problems have been removed, which were actually difficult to remove in MANET. For this traffic
infrastructure cluster based routing has been used, with two routing protocols i.e. AODV and AODV+. The
network simulator NS2 has been used for removing unpredictable movements that may arise in the network.
Real time path planning based on hybrid vanet enhanced transportation systemIISTech2015
Real time path planning based on hybrid vanet enhanced transportation system || 2015-2016 IEEE NS2 Projects Training
Contact: IIS TECHNOLOGIES
ph:9952077540,landline:044 42637391
mail:info@iistechnologies.in
Challenging Issues in VANET Network and its Routing Algorithms-An Analysisidescitation
Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET), a rapidly
deployed wireless network, is a subclass of mobile ad hoc
networks (MANET) that uses multi-hop routing to provide
network connectivity among vehicles (V2V) or vehicle to road-
side equipments (V2R). VANETs have received increasing
research attention in recent years because of its vast
applications like safety, comfort and entertainment. Variations
with time in network topology impose new challenges for
routing protocols in such networks as traditional routing
protocols are not suitable for VANETs. This work is an attempt
to figure out the challenges in VANET comprehensively in
conjunction with the recommended routing protocols by
comparing the existing routing protocols with respect to
existing challenges.
vehicular Ad-Hoc Network:
this report contains a brief description on the VANET which can be considered as an application of MANET...
The report contains a basic overview, ITS, and routing algorithms.
This PowerPoint covers VANET in general and illustrates its Components, standards, applications,Types of communications
Fleet Management Systems, Routing protocols, Challenges, and the deployment of VANET in Real Scenarios
Intelligent Collision avoidance and monitoring system for railway using wirel...Editor IJMTER
In the current railway systems, it is becoming ever more necessary to have safety
elements in order to avoid accidents. One of the important causes that can provoke serious accidents
is the existence of obstacles on the tracks, either fixed or mobile. This project deals about one of the
efficient methods to avoid train collision and obstacle detection. A GPS system is being used to
pinpoint the location of faults on tracks. The project presents a solution, to provide an intelligent
train tracking and management system to improve the existing railway transport service. The solution
is based on powerful combination of mobile computing, Global System for Mobile Communication
(GSM), Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies and software. The inbuilt GPS module
identifies the train location with a highest accuracy and transfers the information to the central
system. The availability of the information allows the train Controller to take accurate decisions as
for the train location. Positioning data along with train speed helps the central system to identify the
possible safety issues and react to them effectively using the communication methods provided by
the system.
Master Thesis on Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET)Prof Ansari
In present, many people during the public died each year in vehicle accidents, therefore in almost countries some safety data i.e. traffic lights & velocity limits are applied, simply however it is not a better solution. Also government and number of automation industries regarded that vehicular safety is real challenging task [1]. Then equally result, to enhance people traffic safety of a new progressed particular technology is formulated i.e. VANET [4]. It is progress type of MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc Network). VANET manages a network within which vehicles are act nodes and applied as mobile nodes to construct a robust infrastructure-less ad-hoc network. In Figure 1 illustrates the basic components of VANET architecture. It builds the network among Inter-Vehicle, Vehicle-to-Roadside and Inter-Roadside communicating networks [4]. Moreover, apart from accidental-safety and security types, there are also broad varieties of applications in VANET are available and potential that can extend passenger comfort like predictable mobility by GPS, web browsing and information modify and so on. Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a novel formulated form of Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET), where moving nodes are vehicles same automobiles, cars, buses etc [2].
Master thesis on Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET)Prof Ansari
The increasing demand for wireless devices and wireless communication tends to research on self-organizing, self-healing networks without the interference of any pre-established or centralized infrastructure/authority [2]. The networks with the absence of any pre-established or centralized authority are known as Ad hoc networks [4]. Ad hoc Networks are the kind of wireless networks that uses multi-hop radio relay.There are many comparative studies and surveys that compare various ad hoc routing in VANET environment. The simulations performed in these comparative studies are very basic do not incorporate with a large number of nodes in real Vehicular Ad hoc Network environment. The main aim of our dissertation work is to firstly investigate the reactive and proactive routeing protocols than examine the performance of selected reactive routing protocols i.e. Destination Sequence Distance Vector Routing (DSDV), Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)by taking three performance metrics like network load, throughput and end-to-end delay with varying number of mobile nodes or vehicle node densityOPNET: Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) is a commercial network simulator environment used for simulations of both wired and wireless networks [20]. Several different OPNET versions have been released over the last few years; the latest version of OPNET is the OPNET 16.0. At present OPNET is licensed under Riverbed technologies. It allows the user to design and study the network communication devices, protocols, individual applications and also simulate the performance of routing protocol. It supports many wireless technologies and standards such as, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15.1, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20 and satellite networks. OPNET IT Guru Academic Edition is available for free to the academic research and teaching community.
VEHICULAR AD HOC AND SENSOR NETWORKS; PRINCIPLES AND CHALLENGES ijasuc
The rapid increase of vehicular traffic and congestion on the highways began hampering the safe and
efficient movement of traffic. Consequently, year by year, we see the ascending rate of car accidents and
casualties in most of the countries. Therefore, exploiting the new technologies, e.g. wireless sensor networks,
is required as a solution of reduction of these saddening and reprehensible statistics. This has motivated us to
propose a novel and comprehensive system to utilize Wireless Sensor Networks for vehicular networks. We
coin the vehicular network employing wireless Sensor networks as Vehicular Ad Hoc and Sensor Network, or
VASNET in short. The proposed VASNET is particularly for highway traffic .VASNET is a self-organizing Ad
Hoc and sensor network comprised of a large number of sensor nodes. In VASNET there are two kinds of
sensor nodes, some are embedded on the vehicles-vehicular nodes- and others are deployed in predetermined
distances besides the highway road, known as Road Side Sensor nodes (RSS). The vehicular nodes are used to
sense the velocity of the vehicle for instance. We can have some Base Stations (BS) such as Police Traffic
Station, Firefighting Group and Rescue Team. The base stations may be stationary or mobile. VASNET
provides capability of wireless communication between vehicular nodes and stationary nodes, to increase
safety and comfort for vehicles on the highway roads. In this paper we explain main fundamentals and
challenges of VASNET.
In vehicular ad hoc network (VANETs), the applications mainly focused on the road challenging subclass of Mobile Ad-hoc Network, which empowers smart transmission among vehicles and between vehicles and roadside frameworks. It is an optimistic methodology for the Intelligent Transport System (ITS). There are numerous difficulties to be tended while utilizing VANET. It is flexible and has a high dynamic topology and flexibility which makes the conventional MANET protocols unacceptable for VANET. Trust is a principal element which is used to create a trustful environment to improve the security in vehicular networks. Trust can be calculated by observing the human behavior which creates a trusted communicating environment. In this paper, we define the architecture of VANET, then the communication establishment and various challenges. Some trust models had been defined in this paper to enforce honest information sharing between communicating nodes. Trust establishment is compulsory among communicating vehicles to build a secure messages exchange and reliability.
The main aim of this dissertation is to evaluate the performance of Four routing protocols i.e. Destination Sequence Distance Vector Routing (DSDV), Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV),survey over vanet routing protocols for vehicle to vehicle communication
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) technology has come out as an important research field over the last few years. VANETs are the likely an influencing approach to provide safety of driver and other applications for the traffic conditions as well as passengers. Being dynamic in nature, it establishes the network, according to the situation and need of the users and provides reliable communication among the vehicles. Due to its great benefits, it is highly vulnerable to various attacks and security in VANET should be taken into consideration. This paper presented the security attacks between vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). Many research works have been done to improve the performance and security of this network. The main aim of this paper is the security using hashing and techniques to calculate the trust in VANETs.
Technical Review on Different Applications, Challenges and Security in VANETPallavi Agarwal
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) technology has turned out as a vital research field throughout the most recent couple of years. VANETs are the likely an impacting way to deal with giving security of driver and different applications for the activity conditions and additionally travelers. Being dynamic in nature, it created the network, according to the condition and requirement of the users and provides consistent communication between the vehicles. Due to its excessive advantages, it is highly susceptible to numerous attacks and security in VANET should be taken into consideration. This paper presented the security issues such as authenticity, integrity, availability, confidentiality, anonymity and non-repudiation to provide the secure communication between Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I). Numerous research works have been done to recover the performance and security of this network. The fundamental point of this paper is the several security challenges and the applications of VANETs.
Predictive Data Dissemination in VanetDhruvMarothi
The vehicle itself is an information source that produces a large amount of various information including actual vehicle and environment sensors. The implementation of an efficient and scalable model for information dissemination in VANETs possesses major issues. In this dynamic environment, an ever-growing number of context dissemination messages are leveling up the usage of the channel which affects the network performance. This presentation tries to analyze and assess the key ideas of how to overcome the context data dissemination and how to reduce the amounts of transferred and stored data in a vehicular cooperation environment. This is one of the most prominent topics of pervasive computing.
This PowerPoint covers VANET in general and illustrates its Components, standards, applications,Types of communications
Fleet Management Systems, Routing protocols, Challenges, and the deployment of VANET in Real Scenarios
Intelligent Collision avoidance and monitoring system for railway using wirel...Editor IJMTER
In the current railway systems, it is becoming ever more necessary to have safety
elements in order to avoid accidents. One of the important causes that can provoke serious accidents
is the existence of obstacles on the tracks, either fixed or mobile. This project deals about one of the
efficient methods to avoid train collision and obstacle detection. A GPS system is being used to
pinpoint the location of faults on tracks. The project presents a solution, to provide an intelligent
train tracking and management system to improve the existing railway transport service. The solution
is based on powerful combination of mobile computing, Global System for Mobile Communication
(GSM), Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies and software. The inbuilt GPS module
identifies the train location with a highest accuracy and transfers the information to the central
system. The availability of the information allows the train Controller to take accurate decisions as
for the train location. Positioning data along with train speed helps the central system to identify the
possible safety issues and react to them effectively using the communication methods provided by
the system.
Master Thesis on Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET)Prof Ansari
In present, many people during the public died each year in vehicle accidents, therefore in almost countries some safety data i.e. traffic lights & velocity limits are applied, simply however it is not a better solution. Also government and number of automation industries regarded that vehicular safety is real challenging task [1]. Then equally result, to enhance people traffic safety of a new progressed particular technology is formulated i.e. VANET [4]. It is progress type of MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc Network). VANET manages a network within which vehicles are act nodes and applied as mobile nodes to construct a robust infrastructure-less ad-hoc network. In Figure 1 illustrates the basic components of VANET architecture. It builds the network among Inter-Vehicle, Vehicle-to-Roadside and Inter-Roadside communicating networks [4]. Moreover, apart from accidental-safety and security types, there are also broad varieties of applications in VANET are available and potential that can extend passenger comfort like predictable mobility by GPS, web browsing and information modify and so on. Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a novel formulated form of Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET), where moving nodes are vehicles same automobiles, cars, buses etc [2].
Master thesis on Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET)Prof Ansari
The increasing demand for wireless devices and wireless communication tends to research on self-organizing, self-healing networks without the interference of any pre-established or centralized infrastructure/authority [2]. The networks with the absence of any pre-established or centralized authority are known as Ad hoc networks [4]. Ad hoc Networks are the kind of wireless networks that uses multi-hop radio relay.There are many comparative studies and surveys that compare various ad hoc routing in VANET environment. The simulations performed in these comparative studies are very basic do not incorporate with a large number of nodes in real Vehicular Ad hoc Network environment. The main aim of our dissertation work is to firstly investigate the reactive and proactive routeing protocols than examine the performance of selected reactive routing protocols i.e. Destination Sequence Distance Vector Routing (DSDV), Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)by taking three performance metrics like network load, throughput and end-to-end delay with varying number of mobile nodes or vehicle node densityOPNET: Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) is a commercial network simulator environment used for simulations of both wired and wireless networks [20]. Several different OPNET versions have been released over the last few years; the latest version of OPNET is the OPNET 16.0. At present OPNET is licensed under Riverbed technologies. It allows the user to design and study the network communication devices, protocols, individual applications and also simulate the performance of routing protocol. It supports many wireless technologies and standards such as, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15.1, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20 and satellite networks. OPNET IT Guru Academic Edition is available for free to the academic research and teaching community.
VEHICULAR AD HOC AND SENSOR NETWORKS; PRINCIPLES AND CHALLENGES ijasuc
The rapid increase of vehicular traffic and congestion on the highways began hampering the safe and
efficient movement of traffic. Consequently, year by year, we see the ascending rate of car accidents and
casualties in most of the countries. Therefore, exploiting the new technologies, e.g. wireless sensor networks,
is required as a solution of reduction of these saddening and reprehensible statistics. This has motivated us to
propose a novel and comprehensive system to utilize Wireless Sensor Networks for vehicular networks. We
coin the vehicular network employing wireless Sensor networks as Vehicular Ad Hoc and Sensor Network, or
VASNET in short. The proposed VASNET is particularly for highway traffic .VASNET is a self-organizing Ad
Hoc and sensor network comprised of a large number of sensor nodes. In VASNET there are two kinds of
sensor nodes, some are embedded on the vehicles-vehicular nodes- and others are deployed in predetermined
distances besides the highway road, known as Road Side Sensor nodes (RSS). The vehicular nodes are used to
sense the velocity of the vehicle for instance. We can have some Base Stations (BS) such as Police Traffic
Station, Firefighting Group and Rescue Team. The base stations may be stationary or mobile. VASNET
provides capability of wireless communication between vehicular nodes and stationary nodes, to increase
safety and comfort for vehicles on the highway roads. In this paper we explain main fundamentals and
challenges of VASNET.
In vehicular ad hoc network (VANETs), the applications mainly focused on the road challenging subclass of Mobile Ad-hoc Network, which empowers smart transmission among vehicles and between vehicles and roadside frameworks. It is an optimistic methodology for the Intelligent Transport System (ITS). There are numerous difficulties to be tended while utilizing VANET. It is flexible and has a high dynamic topology and flexibility which makes the conventional MANET protocols unacceptable for VANET. Trust is a principal element which is used to create a trustful environment to improve the security in vehicular networks. Trust can be calculated by observing the human behavior which creates a trusted communicating environment. In this paper, we define the architecture of VANET, then the communication establishment and various challenges. Some trust models had been defined in this paper to enforce honest information sharing between communicating nodes. Trust establishment is compulsory among communicating vehicles to build a secure messages exchange and reliability.
The main aim of this dissertation is to evaluate the performance of Four routing protocols i.e. Destination Sequence Distance Vector Routing (DSDV), Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV),survey over vanet routing protocols for vehicle to vehicle communication
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) technology has come out as an important research field over the last few years. VANETs are the likely an influencing approach to provide safety of driver and other applications for the traffic conditions as well as passengers. Being dynamic in nature, it establishes the network, according to the situation and need of the users and provides reliable communication among the vehicles. Due to its great benefits, it is highly vulnerable to various attacks and security in VANET should be taken into consideration. This paper presented the security attacks between vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). Many research works have been done to improve the performance and security of this network. The main aim of this paper is the security using hashing and techniques to calculate the trust in VANETs.
Technical Review on Different Applications, Challenges and Security in VANETPallavi Agarwal
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) technology has turned out as a vital research field throughout the most recent couple of years. VANETs are the likely an impacting way to deal with giving security of driver and different applications for the activity conditions and additionally travelers. Being dynamic in nature, it created the network, according to the condition and requirement of the users and provides consistent communication between the vehicles. Due to its excessive advantages, it is highly susceptible to numerous attacks and security in VANET should be taken into consideration. This paper presented the security issues such as authenticity, integrity, availability, confidentiality, anonymity and non-repudiation to provide the secure communication between Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I). Numerous research works have been done to recover the performance and security of this network. The fundamental point of this paper is the several security challenges and the applications of VANETs.
Predictive Data Dissemination in VanetDhruvMarothi
The vehicle itself is an information source that produces a large amount of various information including actual vehicle and environment sensors. The implementation of an efficient and scalable model for information dissemination in VANETs possesses major issues. In this dynamic environment, an ever-growing number of context dissemination messages are leveling up the usage of the channel which affects the network performance. This presentation tries to analyze and assess the key ideas of how to overcome the context data dissemination and how to reduce the amounts of transferred and stored data in a vehicular cooperation environment. This is one of the most prominent topics of pervasive computing.
Deterministic AODV Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networkpaperpublications3
Abstract: Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) can provide scalable and cost-effective solutions for applications such as traffic safety, dynamic route planning, and context-aware advertisement using short-range wireless communication. To function properly, these applications require efficient routing protocols. However, existing mobile ad hoc network routing and forwarding approaches have limited performance in VANETs. This dissertation shows that routing protocols which account for VANET-specific characteristics in their designs, such as position and mobility of Vehicle, can provide good performance for a large spectrum of applications.
Increased vehicular traffic demands smart vehicles which can interact with each other and roadside infrastructure to prevent accidents. Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) provides this flexibility to the vehicles. In this desertion we initially analyze the performance of AODV and OLSR, and further we improve the performance of AODV by selecting the node on the basis of trust value of the successive nodes, we also reduce the neighbor hood expiry time and correspondingly update the route table of AODV, with this purposed approach we would be able to reduce the end-to-end delay of AODV sufficiently also the performance of AODV increase in terms of Throughput and packet delivery ratio.Keywords: VANET, AODV, ROUTING, ROUT TABLE.
Title: Deterministic AODV Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network
Author: Dalbir Singh, Amit Jain (Asst. Prof.)
ISSN 2350-1022
International Journal of Recent Research in Mathematics Computer Science and Information Technology
Paper Publications
GLOBAL FRONTRUNNER ROUTING ALGORITHM (GFRA) FOR V2V COMMUNICATION IN VANETS cscpconf
VANET (Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork) is the emerging research area that making the phrase
“Network on Wheel” true. In this new age network the basic WLAN (IEEE 802.11) standard is
used. As the necessity of such network increases the implementation challenges are being taken
into account. They are broadcasting, routing, priority scheduling and security and privacy. In
this paper the routing is considered as the research factor. A proposal for routing with
frequently changing topology to avoid disconnection of network on road and for the routing
among overlapping networks in flyovers with multiple ramps and stack to avoid wrong
messaging is given.
GLOBAL FRONTRUNNER ROUTING ALGORITHM (GFRA) FOR V2V COMMUNICATION IN VANETS cscpconf
VANET (Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork) is the emerging research area that making the phrase
“Network on Wheel” true. In this new age network the basic WLAN (IEEE 802.11) standard is
used. As the necessity of such network increases the implementation challenges are being taken
into account. They are broadcasting, routing, priority scheduling and security and privacy. In
this paper the routing is considered as the research factor. A proposal for routing with
frequently changing topology to avoid disconnection of network on road and for the routing among overlapping networks in flyovers with multiple ramps and stack to avoid wrong messaging is given.
ANET: Technical and Future Challenges with a Real Time Vehicular Traffic Simu...IJERA Editor
VANET or Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network is a special type of MANET or Mobile Ad-Hoc Network that is
designed specifically for communications between vehicles or V2V and vehicles to infrastructure or V2I. There
is a lot of studies and research that has been dedicated to study this technology due to its importance and
necessity in our life. The fact that each and every module presented must be tested thoroughly before putting it
into action, as there will be severe consequences in case of a system malfunction especially if it's a vehicular
design problem. However, seeing VANETS coming into reality becomes very close with the advancement of
IEEE 802.11p standard that is being dedicated to the DSRC or dedicated short range communication [1]. This
paper will discuss this technology emphasizing some of its applications, current limitations and future challenges
plus simulating a real traffic using SUMO and OpenStreetMap
Design Approach for Vehicle To Vehicle (V2V) Dissemination of Messages in Veh...IJERA Editor
Designing a protocol structure which contains the control system, VANET device and the type of communication message structures which will implement the message packets for v2v or v2I infrastructure . The different message packets contain the information required to transfer from one node to another in vehicular network for communication. Design various algorithm required for Control, Alert and Infotainment messages. Time stamping lowering data rate efficient packet delivery and proper communication of required messages. Implementation of proposed algorithms and comparison of them with existing algorithms and study of different factors affecting the working of theses algorithms. Analysis of proposed design approach and improvements in results if required.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Master-Slave Clustering Technique for High Density Traffic in Urban VANET Sce...rifat1tasnim
Moving vehicle is never free of traffic congestion especially in the cities. Every day commuters wastes hours in travelling just because of traffic congestion. This has led to the emergence of vehicular management which will be beneficial for Road Transport department to control and manage the traffic flow on congested roads. Thus to support above idea we have Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network, or VANET technology that turns every participating car into a node, allowing cars to connect with each other and in turn create a network. There are wealthy numbers of approaches were highlighted to solve several thriving challenges of VANET. Clustering technique in vehicle is one of them which made a great impact on VANET. But it fails to fulfill a crucial requirement. Several protocols wanted to build a cluster in low density traffic where the numbers of vehicles are less with respect to transmission range & there is a less chance of broadcast storming which is not a practical scenario. So that cluster formation in high density traffic has arisen as an issue where there is a great possibility to broadcast storm. This paper suggests a “Priority Based Master-Slave Cluster Formation Process” in high density traffic for an urban scenario using “fidelity” metric. With the help of this metric it will be easier to find high density traffic & form priority based Master-Slave dynamically by reducing broadcast storm problem.
In this paper CHP function runs on the vehicular environment which carried out to select a vehicle as Master. In this Ad-hoc wireless environment a dataset is assumed which create a proper environment & generate a graph. Graph results can be analyzed to have the highest one selects as a Master. Thus for the final result, real aspects of vehicular traffic is very essential and scenarios play a very crucial role.
Towards Improving Road Safety Using Advanced Vehicular NetworksTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are advanced network technologies applied to improve safety on roads and to offer suitable solutions for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The goal of VANETs is to assistdrivers and to act as a smart co-pilot that can alret about accidents and help avoiding them while prodivding high-end infotainment systems for both the driver and passengers. Consequently, VANETs can save millions of lives around the world, especially in Saudi Arabia, which has a very high rate of road accidents annualy. In this paper, we introduce and discuss VANETs, related routing protocols, challenging problems, and the existing solutions. This work is a part of a bigger project that aims to enhance VANETs technologies and to updapteITS to significantly promote road safety in general and Saudi Arabia’s roads in particular.
GPSFR: GPS-Free Routing Protocol for Vehicular Networks with Directional Ante...ijwmn
Efficient and practical communications between large numbers of vehicles are critical in providing high level of safety and convenience to drivers. Crucial real-time information on road hazard, traffic conditions and driver services must be communicated to vehicles rapidly even in adverse environments, such as “urban canyons” and tunnels. We propose a novel routing protocol in vehicular networks that does not require position information (e.g. from GPS) but instead rely on relative position that can be determined dynamically. This GPS-Free Geographic Routing (GPSFR) protocol uses the estimated relative position of vehicles and greedily chooses the best next hop neighbor based on a Balance Advance (BADV) metric which balances between proximity and link stability in order to improve routing performance. In this paper, we focuses primarily on the complexity of routing in highways and solves routing problems that arise when vehicles are near interchanges, curves, and merge or exit lanes of highways. Our simulation results show that by taking relative velocity into account, GPSFR reduces link breakage to only 27% that of GPSR in the dense network. Consequently, GPSFR outperforms GPSR in terms of higher data delivery ratio, lower delay, less sensitivity of the network density and route paths’length
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are classified as a special application of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs)
which promise the new possibilities to improve traffic efficiency, road safety driving convenience. By providing the safety and
non-safety applications and sharing the useful information through vehicle to vehicle (V2V) or vehicle to roadside (V2R)
communications to avoid accidents and provide reliable information to travellers, such hot issues seeks much attention of
researchers in this field. VANET and MANET having several common characteristics but VANET differ with applications,
architecture, challenges and data dissemination. The survey of routing protocols in VANETs is important and necessary issue for
smart ITS. The objective of this paper is to design an algorithm for the detection and correction of routing attacks made by
obstructive nodes in VANETS and also drawn the comparison between various metrics like Cost, Average Packet loss,
Throughput and Energy Consumed.
Design Of Hand-Held Alert System Providing Security For Individuals Using Veh...IJMER
Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) and Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) provide a distinguish approach for Intelligent Transport System (ITS). The existing applications in VANET provide secure message passing and circulation of data within the range, but there are very few applications where individual's security is taken into consideration. In new applications we can make one which provides safety for individuals on road or indirectly related to roads or vehicles. For making such an application we will be using Radio Frequency (RF) signals, VANET network, GPS and GSM techniques. RF signals will be generating input signals; vehicles for making an alarm for generated signals; VANET network to spread the information about panic area to the other vehicles in range; GPS & GSM to track the location & position of victim and send this information to authorized helping system respectively. Thus using all above techniques and principles we are designing a scheme which provides safety using VANET protocols
Design of an adaptive sign based routing protocol in vanet for sophisticated ...IJARIIT
With the advancement in the communication technology and an increase in the number of vehicles, the Vehicle Ad
hoc Network (VANET) has become an emerging field of study. The major applications of VANETs are in highways, but in
sophisticated environments such as forest area, hill stations, private museum or large park etc., where visitors across the
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A GRID VEHICULAR NODE LOCALIZATION SYSTEM VANET WITH LINER ERROR PROPAGATION
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1
A GRID VEHICULAR NODE LOCALIZATION SYSTEM VANET WITH
LINER ERROR PROPAGATION
M.RAGULKUMAR1
, S.DHIVYA2
,
Post Graduate1
, PG Scholar2,
Dept of Electronics and Communication Engineering1
, Dept of Computer Science Engineering2
,
Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology, Trichy, India.
ragulragul91@gmail.com1
, sdhivya55@gmail.com2
,
Abstract:
VANET navigators have been popularly adopts by
using drivers. However, due to these sensibilities
of GPS signals to terrains, vehicles cannot to get
their locations, when they are anyone inside a
tunnel or a road it’s surrounded by high rises,
where satellite signal is ended. This mainly used
for safety and convenience problems. But the
VANETS advance into their critical areas and to
become more dependent on these localization
systems. GPS is starting to locate some uncertain
problems, such not always being the available or
not being robust enough for this some different
applications. For the reason, a number of other
localizations techniques such as Cellular
Localization, Dead Reckoning, and Image Video
Localization have been used in VANETs to
overcome the GPS limitations. To address this
issues, to proposes a novel Grid based On road
localization system (GOT), where these vehicles
with and without accurate of GPS signals self
organizes into a Vehicular Ad Hoc Network
(VANET), exchange the locations and distance
information and helps to each others to calculate
an accurate position for all these vehicles inside
the network. The location information’s can be
exchanged among vehicles one or multiple hops
away in this paper.
Keywords: VANET, MANET, Localization,
GPS, Vehicular Localization.
I. INTRODUCTION
The research community has being
interested as Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks
(VANETs) for several years since the
deployment of this type of networks will be
able to provide significant improvements in
terms of road safety, where the majority of
protocols adopted flooding techniques to warn
all the nodes, as well as the traffic authorities,
about the accident.
The proposed solution is essentially
based on a technique of clustering, where a
cluster head is chosen among a group of
vehicles and a technique, for the establishment
of the relative positions of the nearby nodes.
Every cluster head establishes a local
coordinate system and calculates the positions
of all its neighbors in the group using the
distances measured between vehicles. In the
aim to reduce the calculate time in dangerous
situation, the orientation of the coordinate
system of the first cluster head and the global
system are considered the same. This new
solution provides sufficient location
information and accuracy to support basic
network functions [1].
Real-time video transmission has high
requirements of terms on bandwidth and delay,
while VANETs is characterized by very
limited radio resources and high mobility.
Furthermore, to ensure that good behaviour
under any type of circumstances, also study
the impacts of GPS drift on their schemes [2].
However, due to the sensibility of
GPS signals to terrains, vehicles cannot to get
their locations, when they inside tunnels or on
a road surrounded by high rise where satellite
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signal is blocked. To address the issues, they
proposed a novel Grid-based On-road
localization system (GOT), where vehicles
with and without accurate GPS signals self-
organize into a Vehicular Ad Hoc Network
(VANET), exchange location and distance
information and help each other to calculate an
accurate position for all the vehicles inside the
network [3].
The majority of localization methods
presuppose that some of network nodes
(beacons) know their position, and these nodes
act as a source for localization of the rest
network nodes. Vehicles, equipped with
Global Positioning Systems (GPS) receivers,
are mostly used as beacon [4]. However, not
all the vehicles have been equipped with their
GPS. Also we give an overview of the existing
methods of localization and especially their
use in VANET networks [5].
The localization of a vehicle compared to an
event when it’s informed for the existences of
accident or a looming danger. It’s a mission of
immense consequence that can avoid impact
of vehicles and loss of human life [6].
But many ad hoc networks, such as
vehicular Ad-hoc networks in which vehicles
are consider as vehicles, due to highly mobile
environment this change topology rapidly GPS
information does not work in urban areas
where the node density is low. Vehicles node
move very fast in roads and highways, to be a
safe and transport system, any vehicle should
know about where a traffic problem due to
broken vehicles or some other reason , where
an accident has been taken place for provide
safety in an intelligent transport system.
In these networks, vehicles communicate with
each other and possibly with a roadside
infrastructure to provide a long list of
applications varying from transit safety to
driver support and internet access[7]. In this
network, acquaintance of the concurrent
position of nodes is an assumption made by
more protocol, algorithms, and applications.
Here a very rational supposition, since GPS
receivers can be installed their easily in the
vehicles, a number of VANET applications
into three main groups according to their
localization requirements and show how
position information is used by these protocols
and algorithms [4].
To become an enable technology when
attempting to provide instantaneous video
transmission in vehicular networks; to present
an applications that makes the use of traffic,
focusing instead of evaluate the efficiency of
different flooding schemes with the purpose of
achieving a long-distance real-time video
transmission under different circumstances,
such as different vehicle densities and
different degrees of GPS accuracy [8].
This establishment has been extensive, and
more number of system equations have been
explores to calculate locations through the
help of location-aware nodes that are two hop
away, First of all, because of the size of
vehicles, the signal reflection and interference
problem is more serious when measuring
signal attenuation, and thus the calculated
distance is likely to be more inaccurate.
Recently to calculate the locations, further
inside the tunnel to calculate the locations.
Inside of this situation, errors are propagated
by exponentially when they using this existing
methods, resulting high inaccuracy [9].
II. VANET
Automatic vehicles information can be
viewed on electronic maps using the Internet
or specialized software. The advantage
of WiFi based navigations system function is
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that it can be effectively locates a vehicle,
which is inside big campuses like airports, and
tunnels, universities. In VANET network can
be used as parts of automotive electronics
applications, which has to be identify an
optimal minimal path of navigation with
minimal traffics intensity.
Fig 2.1 Vehicular Network
Inter-vehicle communication
In the intelligent transportation system,
vehicles need only a concerned with activity
on the road ahead and not been behind. There
are two different types of message forwarding
in inter vehicle communications; navy
broadcasting and intelligent broadcasting. In
navy broadcasting, vehicles to send
broadcasting messages periodically and its
regular intervals. Upon receipts of the
message, the vehicles ignore the message, if it
has comes from a vehicle behind it. If the
message has to come from a vehicle in
frontally, the receiving vehicle sends its own
broadcasting message to vehicles behind it.
This ensures that all enables vehicle moving in
the forward directions to get all screen
messages.
Multiple Adhoc networks technology
integrated with VANET such as, ZigBee,
WiMAX IEEE, and Wi-Fi IEEE for
convenient, effective simple and plain
communications within automobiles on active
mobility. Security measurement are defined as
vehicles by VANET, flowing communications
within the automobiles, edutainment and
telemetric.
Intelligent broadcasting with implicit
acknowledgement addresses the problems are
inherent in broadcasting by limiting the
number of messages broadcasting for a given
emergency event. If the event detecting
vehicles receive the same message from
behind, it assumes that at least one vehicle in
the back has received it and cases
broadcasting.
Vehicle – to - roadside communication
Vehicle – to - roadside communication
configurations provide a high bandwidth links
between the vehicles and roadsides unit. The
roadside units may be placed at every
kilometer or less, enabling high data rates to
be maintained at heavy traffic. For instances,
when the broadcasting dynamic speed limits,
the roadside units will determines the
appropriate speed limits according to its
internal timetable and traffic conditions.
The roadside unit will periodically
broadcast a message containing the speed limit
and will compare any geographic or
directional limits with vehicle data to
determine if a speed limit caution applies to
any of the vehicles in the locality. If vehicles
violate the desired speed limits of broadcasting
data will be deliver to the vehicle in the form
of an auditory or visual warning, requesting
that the driver reduce his speed.
III. Vehicle Monitoring
VANET, Most of us all the vehicles
have GPS for finding the locations of the
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vehicle. It is mainly helps helps to finding the
vehicles easily, the GPS handset reports wrong
information’s, when they are in crowded
metropolitan area, such as Manhattan, where
there are build many tall buildings. The GPS
receivers also lose satellite connections in
some places such as tunnels or multifloor
bridges, resulting in safety and convenience
problem.
Fig 3.1 Vehicle Monitoring Block Diagram
GOT
Grid Based on road Localisation System
(GOT) , where vechiles with or without
accurate GPS signal self organise into
vechicular Adhoc Network (VANET) ,
exchange the locations and distance
information and help each others to calculate
an accurate positions for all the vechiles inside
the networks. A vehicle obtains the location
and distance information’s in its neighborhood
through communication. The information will
be discarded if its distance to the
corresponding node is larger than our
communication threshold. If a vehicle only
knows the location of its neighbors and
distances to them, it must know at least three
location-aware neighbors to enable the
location calculation.
AODV Protocol
In AODV, the network is silent until a
connection is needed. At that point the
network node that needs a connection
broadcasts a request for connection. Other
AODV nodes forward this message, and
record the node that they heard it from,
creating an explosion of temporary routes back
to the needy node. When a node receives such
a message and already has a route to the
desired node, it sends a message backwards
through a temporary route to the requesting
node. The needy node then begins using the
route that has the least number of hops through
other nodes. Unused entries in the routing
tables are recycled after a time.
IV. SIMULATION RESULT
CREATE NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Fig 4.1 Turn on Tracing
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Fig 4.2 NAM Output
The above diagram Fig 4.2 shows that
NAM output, it is an network animator which
describes that to shows the output on
animation. For the animation the node has
created and to move the nodes of a one node to
another node.
Fig 4.3 X Graph
Testing and debugging
The testing and debugging phase of a
project can easily take more time than it took
to write the application. Testing includes both
checking that the code runs at all, that it runs
correctly under all circumstances, and that it
runs the same way it did before you made
changes. Tcl's error diagnostics make it easy to
track down coding errors; the modular nature
of Tcl code makes it easy to do unit testing of
functions, and the tcl test package makes it
easy to write integrated regression test suites.
Simulation
In the simulation process the first step is
to debugging a Tcl script is to examine the Tcl
error output closely. Tcl provides verbose
error information that leads you to the exact
line where a coding error occurs. Tcl error
messages consist of a set of lines. The first line
will describe the immediate cause of the error.
V. CONCLUSION
This paper proposes a Grid based on
road Vehicle Localization system. For study
the different geometric relationship among
their vehicles and design a grid based
mechanisms to calculating the vehicle
location. Some other solutions for localization,
such as a channel utilization analysis have
been also conducted by highlights EDF-
CSMA has higher channel utilization than
other well known mechanisms. All of these
approaches have their own advantages and
disadvantages. We also discussed data fusion
techniques for position information. This
survey will help researchers develop new
efficient approaches to address localization
issues in VANETs.
VI. REFERENCES
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