Introduction to metrology.

2. First of all… some interesting questions
• Why is it important to take measurements?
• In order to measure something, how do we know how much of a
substance we have?
• What are the fundamental units?
• How we could know if we are taking a reliable measure?

3. Why is it important to take measurements?

4. In order to measure something, how do we
know how much of a substance we have?
• 7 basic unit and 22 derived from it.
• Established in 1960 and updated
until today.
• Other metric systems are the
traditional imperial and
American measurement systems.

5. How we could know if we are taking a reliable
measure?
The kilogram is defined in terms of the second and the meter,
which are based on fundamental physical constants. This allows a
properly equipped metrology laboratory to calibrate a mass
measuring instrument, such as a Kibble balance, as the primary
standard for determining an accurate mass in kilograms.
Standards and
Instruments…?

6. Standards
• We need to measure
accurately.
• Defined through physical-
chemical methods.
• Physical representation of
an unit measurement.
Instruments
• We need to make
measurements.
• According to each case,
we use one or another.

7. Gage blocks
• Standards to produce precision
lengths.
• For greater precision, the smallest
possible number of gauge blocks
are adhered.

8. Angle blocks
• To materialize angles.
• We can add and subtract angles,
depending on their placement.

9. Flatness table
• They are used as reference surfaces.
• They can be made of steel or marble.
• They allow adjustment thanks to the
screws on their legs

10. Vernier caliper
• Used to measure lengths.

11. Dial indicator
• To determine small differences in
measurement, alignment or eccentricity.

12. Bevel protactor
• Used to establish and test angles
to very close tolerances.

13. Sine bar
• It is used to measure or verify angles by
indirect method with the help of gauge
blocks.

14. Spirit level
• It is used to determine the
horizontality or verticality of an
element.

15. Micrometer
• To measure the dimensions
of an object with high
precision, on the order of
hundredths of millimeters
(0.01 mm) and thousandths
of millimeters (0.001 mm).