This document summarizes a presentation on the hydrogeological characterization of springs in the Vajont area of Italy. It describes isotopic analyses conducted on the Le Spesse and Ega Nass springs which show seasonal isotopic inversion, indicating winter infiltration. Monitoring of the Le Spesse spring showed a positive correlation between rainfall and discharge lagged by one day. Conceptual modeling found the spring has a homogenization type response, slow deep reservoir circulation, and a combination of fissured/porous and limited karst circulation influences on spring composition. The V.E.S.P.A. index assessed the Le Spesse spring vulnerability as medium.
A B S T R A C T
Urban stormwater lakes in cold regions are ice-covered for substantial parts of the winter. It has long been considered that the ice-covered period is the “dormant season,” during which ecological processes are inactive. However, little is known about this period due to the historical focus on the open-water season. Recent pioneering research on ice-covered natural lakes has suggested that some critical ecological processes play out on the ice. The objective of this study was to investigate the active processes in ice-covered stormwater lakes. Data collected during a two-year field measurement program at a stormwater lake located in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada were analyzed. The lake was covered by ice from November to mid-April of the following year. The mean value of chlorophyll-a during the ice-covered period was 22.09% of the mean value for the open-water season, suggesting that primary productivity under ice can be important. Nitrogen and phosphorus were remarkably higher during the ice-covered period, while dissolved organic carbon showed little seasonal variation. Under ice-covered conditions, the total phosphorus was the major nutrient controlling the ratio of total nitrogen to total phosphorus, and a significant positive correlation existed between total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a when the ratio was smaller than 10. The results provide preliminary evidence of the critical nutrient processes in the Stormwater Lake during the ice-covered period.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Global warming &climate changesGlobal temperature measurements remote from human habitation and activity show no evidence of a warming during the last century. Such sites include “proxy” measurements such as tree rings, marine sediments and ice cores, weather balloons and satellite measurements in the lower atmosphere, and many surface sites where human influence is minimal.
penman-monteith approach is the basis of this equation. it is used to calculate reference evapotranspiration for a particular area, there by we can calculate potential evapotranspiration
Presented by IWMI's Meredith Giordano at Stockholm World Water Week 2018 at a session titled "Small-scale irrigation: the answer to ecosystem health?", on August 26, 2018.
A B S T R A C T
Urban stormwater lakes in cold regions are ice-covered for substantial parts of the winter. It has long been considered that the ice-covered period is the “dormant season,” during which ecological processes are inactive. However, little is known about this period due to the historical focus on the open-water season. Recent pioneering research on ice-covered natural lakes has suggested that some critical ecological processes play out on the ice. The objective of this study was to investigate the active processes in ice-covered stormwater lakes. Data collected during a two-year field measurement program at a stormwater lake located in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada were analyzed. The lake was covered by ice from November to mid-April of the following year. The mean value of chlorophyll-a during the ice-covered period was 22.09% of the mean value for the open-water season, suggesting that primary productivity under ice can be important. Nitrogen and phosphorus were remarkably higher during the ice-covered period, while dissolved organic carbon showed little seasonal variation. Under ice-covered conditions, the total phosphorus was the major nutrient controlling the ratio of total nitrogen to total phosphorus, and a significant positive correlation existed between total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a when the ratio was smaller than 10. The results provide preliminary evidence of the critical nutrient processes in the Stormwater Lake during the ice-covered period.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Global warming &climate changesGlobal temperature measurements remote from human habitation and activity show no evidence of a warming during the last century. Such sites include “proxy” measurements such as tree rings, marine sediments and ice cores, weather balloons and satellite measurements in the lower atmosphere, and many surface sites where human influence is minimal.
penman-monteith approach is the basis of this equation. it is used to calculate reference evapotranspiration for a particular area, there by we can calculate potential evapotranspiration
Presented by IWMI's Meredith Giordano at Stockholm World Water Week 2018 at a session titled "Small-scale irrigation: the answer to ecosystem health?", on August 26, 2018.
Incorporating Environmental Variability into the Management of a Large Marine...Iwl Pcu
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Nepal does not have own climate projection model. Therefore, climate change studies in Nepal completely depend on the results of available model throughout the world. Many field based studies have proven that Nepal is the most vulnerable country in the context of climate change due to limited capacity to adapt to it. On the other hand, it is a big challenge to natural scientists to demonstrate climate change physically because of limited resources. Due to the complex geography of Nepal, most of the global climate projections are not able to capture the temporal and spatial climatic variability. In consideration to this problem, the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM) of Nepal has initiated a project to downscale climatic parameters regionally with technical support from the Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre (ADPC) under the financial support of Asian Development Bank (ADB). They used three different Regional Climate Models (RCM); PRECIS, RegCM4, and WRF under AR4 scenarios. However, there is still a lot of discrepancy among these projections which have created confusion among the stakeholders. Therefore, the objective of my presentation will be to focus on the discussion over these issues among the climate experts at UNBC.
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Main Drivers of 2014/15 Water Shortage in Southeast Brazilclimate central
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Incorporating Environmental Variability into the Management of a Large Marine...Iwl Pcu
The Benguela ecosystem is naturally adapted to a highly variable environment, but sustained transboundary events.It is necessary to understand the impact of this variability on fish distribution and abundance, and to predict major environmental events and their likely ecosystem consequences in order to manage effectively system-wide.
Nepal does not have own climate projection model. Therefore, climate change studies in Nepal completely depend on the results of available model throughout the world. Many field based studies have proven that Nepal is the most vulnerable country in the context of climate change due to limited capacity to adapt to it. On the other hand, it is a big challenge to natural scientists to demonstrate climate change physically because of limited resources. Due to the complex geography of Nepal, most of the global climate projections are not able to capture the temporal and spatial climatic variability. In consideration to this problem, the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM) of Nepal has initiated a project to downscale climatic parameters regionally with technical support from the Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre (ADPC) under the financial support of Asian Development Bank (ADB). They used three different Regional Climate Models (RCM); PRECIS, RegCM4, and WRF under AR4 scenarios. However, there is still a lot of discrepancy among these projections which have created confusion among the stakeholders. Therefore, the objective of my presentation will be to focus on the discussion over these issues among the climate experts at UNBC.
Objectives:
- Determine how soil moisture and nutrients regulate microbial C-use efficiency (CUE)
- Develop mathematical functions that can be incorporated into earth system models
- Improve our ability to predict the impact of climate change on soil C-sequestration in agricultural systems
Main Drivers of 2014/15 Water Shortage in Southeast Brazilclimate central
Southeast Brazil experienced profound water shortages in 2014/15. Anthropogenic climate change is not found to be a major influence on the hazard, whereas increasing population and water consumption increased vulnerability.
Cassini finds molecular hydrogen in the Enceladus plume: Evidence for hydroth...Sérgio Sacani
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Multiple stress of eutrophication and climate change in lakes: projected ef...Jannicke Moe
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Greening of the Arctic: An IPY initiative
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State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
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https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
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Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
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LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
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The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
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JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
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Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
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During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
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Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object Calisthenics
9oct 2 fabbri-hydrogeological spring
1. October 8 – 10
HYDROGEOLOGICAL SPRING
CHARACTERIZATION IN THE VAJONT AREA
founded by GEORISK project - University of Padova
Paolo FABBRI (*)(**), Mirta ORTOMBINA (*), Leonardo
PICCININI (*) Dario ZAMPIERI (*) & Luca ZINI (***)
(*) University of Padova, Department of Geosciences, Padova, Italy
(**) Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council of Italy (CNR)
(***) University of Trieste, Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, Trieste, Italy
2. Plan of the talk
1. Hydrogeological situation of principal springs
in Vajont area
2. Isotopic analysis
3. Le Spesse spring hydrogeological analysis
4. V.E.S.P.A. index
5. Le Spesse spring conceptual model
8. Monitoring
Le Spesse, EgaNass springs
Hourly monitoring
• Discharge Q(t)
• Temperature T(t)
• Electrical Conductivity EC(t)
cuy
cuy
1
N
N h
1
N
N
ut
u yt
h
y
h
ut
u yt
h
y
0,1,2,.., N 1
h
t 1
1, 2,.., N 1
t 1 h
ruy h
cuy h
cuu 0 c yy 0
CROSS CORRELATION
12. V.E.S.P.A. index
• Vulnerability Estimation for Spring Protection Area
V=c( )
Correlation
Factor
Temperature
Factor
Discharge
Factor
GALLEANI L., VIGNA B., BANZATO C. & LO RUSSO S. (2011) - Validation of a Vulnerability Estimator for
Spring Protection Areas: the VESPA index. Journal of Hydrology, 396, 233-245
13. Correlation Factor
c(ρ) = correlation factor
c(ρ) = *u(-ρ) + 0.5u(ρ)+ |ρ|
1
N
N
xi x yi y
i 1
ρ = correlation coefficient
x y
between Q e EC related to one year of hourly
monitoring
u(ρ) = unit step function u
1
0
0
0
14. Temperature Factor
Tmax = year maximum temperature
Tmin = year minimum temperature
Tmax Tmin
1C
2
Discharge Factor
Qmax= year maximum discharge
Qmin = year minimum discharge
Qm = year average discharge
Qm ax Qm in
Qm
15. Spring type
• Our result is (ρ) = -0.1
type C (homogenization)
Spring type and
prevailing phenomena
Type A — Replacement
Type B — Piston
Type C —
Homogenization
Correlation coefficient
( )
1
0.2
0.2
1
0.2
0.2
V.E.S.P.A. index
β=2
γ = 2.8
c(ρ) = 0.1
VESPA index of V= 0.83
Le Spesse spring = medium
Vulnerability
Very high
High
Medium
Low
VESPA index
16. Conceptual model of
Le Spesse spring was based on:
- A significantly positive correlation at lag 1 rain vs Q, most
important response in discharge (output) occurs beginning 1 day after a
rainfall event (input)
- During the warm season, the temperature of spring water is colder
than that in the cold season the water discharged is in equilibrium
with the reservoir temperature instead of with the atmospheric
temperature
- Increases in discharge are associated with decreases in EC
discharge increase is essentially due to the local infiltration rather than
infiltration in the true (larger) recharge area
- Correlation coefficient in the VESPA index type C
“Homogenization” low level of karstification of aquifer and a
misleading karst response due to local infiltration
17. - isotopic results show a “seasonal isotopic inversion” i.e. that during
summer the spring discharge mainly water infiltrated during the
previous winter
Conceptual model
Slow circulation of the deep reservoir and the high increases in
discharge are due to the local infiltration rather than infiltration in the
true (larger) recharge area
The composition of the spring waters combination of water from
both the fissured/porous and karstic circulation
Karst is not well developed and its channels are of lesser hydrodynamical
relevance than the fissured/porous part of the reservoir
