1) Natural resources include substances like land, water, air, plants and animals that are valuable in their natural form. Natural resource management aims to manage these resources in a sustainable way that benefits both current and future generations. 2) There are different approaches to natural resource management depending on who owns and controls the resources, such as private, common, state or non-property regimes. 3) Forests, wildlife, soil and water are some of India's important natural resources. Their conservation involves reducing exploitation, preserving habitats, afforestation programs, and setting up protected areas. Stakeholder participation is key to sustainable natural resource management.

1. Natural Resource Management in
India
Part-I
Rajeev Kumar
MSW (TISS, Mumbai)
M.Phil (CIP, Ranchi)
Doctoral Fellow, IIT Kharagpur

3. INTRODUCTION
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“Earth provides enough to satisfy every man's needs,
but not every man's greed.”
― Mahatma Gandhi

4. What are natural resources?

6. Natural Resource
Meaning
Natural resources are naturally
occurring substances that are
considered valuable in their
relatively unmodified (natural)
form.
Any part of our natural
materials that man can be
utilized to promote the welfare,
may be regarded as natural
resources
6www.wikipedia.com

7. NATURAL RESOURCES

8. 8
Classification of natural resources

9. Natural Resource Management
The management of natural resources such
as land, water, soil, plants and animals, with a particular focus on how
management affects the quality of life for both present and future
generations
Natural resource management approaches can be categorised
according to the kind and right of stakeholders
1. Private property regime :- Individual owned
2. Common property regime :- Government owned
3. Non-property regime :- Lake fishery
4. State property regime :- National forest, National park
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10. Relationship of Culture, Nature and Resource
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HUMAN NATURE
NEUTRAL
STUFF
NEEDS
WANTS
ABILITIES
CULTURE RESOURCE

11. 2) The Three R’s to save the environment :-
The three R’s to save the environment are Reduce, Recycle and Reuse.
i) Reduce :- means using less of natural resources and avoiding
wastage of natural resources.
ii) Recycle :- means the materials like paper, plastic, glass, metals
etc used for making things can again be used for making new things
instead of synthesising or extracting new paper, plastic, glass or
metals.
iii) Reuse :- means using things again and again like the plastic bottles
in which we buy jams, pickles etc can be again used for storing
things in the kitchen. RECYLED PAPER ARTICLES

12. 4) Forests :-
a) Importance of forests :-
i) Forests help to preserve biodiversity.
ii) Forests are natural habitats of plants and animals.
iii) Forests provide timber, wood, fuel, medicines, fodder, etc.
iv) Forests help to maintain ecological balance.
v) Forests help to control climate and rainfall.
vi) Forests help to prevent soil erosion and controls floods.
vii) Forests help to maintain the oxygen–carbon dioxide balance in
nature.
Forests are ‘biodiversity hot spots’
Biodiversity measure by – Number of species found there.
- range of different life forms present.
Conservation means- preserve the biodiversity we have inherited
Loss of diversity may lead to loss of ecological stability.

13. b) Stake holders of forests :-
People who are associated with forests directly or
indirectly are :-
i) People living in and around forests depend on forests for
their livelihood.
ii) Industrialists who use the raw materials from forests for
manufacturing paper, medicines, furniture etc.
iii) Forest Department of the Government who owns the
forests and controls the resources from the forests.
iv) Nature and wild life organisations who want to conserve
and preserve forests.

14. c) Conservation of forests :-
Forests can be conserved by :-
i) Afforestation – planting of more trees.
ii) Preventing or reducing deforestation.
iii) Preventing over grazing by cattle.
iv) By setting up wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves etc.
v) Undertaking social forestry programs like Van Mahotsav, Chipko
movement for planting and protecting trees on a large scale.

15. 5) Wildlife :-
a) Importance of wildlife :-
i) Wildlife helps to preserve biodiversity.
ii) Wildlife helps to maintain food chains and food web.
iii) We get useful products from wildlife like food, medicines, leather,
bones, honey, lac etc.
b) Conservation of wildlife :-
i) Preserving the natural habitats of animals.
ii) Banning poaching of animals.
iii) Protecting endangered species of animals.
iv) Setting up of wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere
reserves etc.

16. Casual factors of threat on NRM
Development pressure on nature resource base
Encroachment on natural resources
Exploitation of natural resources
Human induced disasters causing stress on natural
resources
Threats to NRM- wrong and faulty approaches
Management of human resources
Political and policy issues
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17. Dr. M. S. Swaminathan (1983) suggested the following categories
 Cultivated varieties in current use
 Primitive cultivars or land races
 Wild species of potential value to man
In-situ conservation-conservation under natural condition
 It includes conservation of plants and animals in their native
ecosystems or even man made eco-systems
 It appeals only to wild fauna and flora
 It aims at preservation of land races with wild relatives
Ex-situ conservation-conservation under controlled condition
 It is done through establishment of gene banks
 It is chief mode for preservation of genetic resources
 Seeds, plant cells, tissues, organs are preserved under appropriate
conditions
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18. Resource management/development
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20. Human dimensions in natural resource
management
What are “ Human Dimensions”…..???
 Human dimensions are the peoples’ values, beliefs, attitudes,
social norms and motivations
 They use social science concepts to formulate studies that
capture and explain human values, beliefs, etc. as they apply to
natural resources
 Knowledge gained from these studies gives the public a voice
in natural resource management decisions
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21. Human Dimensions Importance......why?
 Awareness and understanding our public values regarding natural
resources
 Improved communication with publics and education of the public
regarding natural resource issues
 Understanding and prediction of the social impacts of natural
resource decisions
 Strengthening of the natural resources profession through
improved application of human dimensions information in natural
resource decision making
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22. Stakeholder participation in the assessment process
Finding feasible spatial and temporal boundaries
Linking research products to development impact
Selecting the criteria of success
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23. Agricultural Extension Approaches
 General agriculture extension approach
 Commodity specialized approach
 Training and visiting approach
 Participatory approach
 Project approach
 Farming system development approach
 Cost sharing approach
 Education institute approach

24. Creation of natural resources like forests, water bodies
Preservation through social fencing
Pollution control through policy formulation
ITK appropriate use and application
Watershed management to generate livelihood and conserve natural resources
Monitoring: Benefit monitoring evaluation
Elimination of negative factors operating in the eco-system
Rejuvenation of degraded or age old resources base
Peoples participation
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25. Thanks