The document describes the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, including the central nervous system which is made up of the brain and spinal cord. It discusses the different parts of the brain including the cerebrum, cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata and their functions. The document also covers the meninges layers that surround the brain and spinal cord, cerebrospinal fluid, and the relationship between meningitis and the central nervous system.

1. Section 9.3
Pgs. 427-434

2. We are learning to…
 Describe the anatomy of the nervous system.
 Explain the mechanisms that enable the body to
maintain homeostasis by understanding the
physiology of the nervous system.

3. Activities
1. Cocktail party – circulate with others
 Talk about the weather, school, gossip, biology
2. Memory Challenge
3. Say the Word, not the Colour

4. Blue
GREEN
ORANGE

5. The Central Nervous System (CNS)
 CNS = Brain + Spinal Cord

6. SC 41: Label the parts of the brain and describe the function of each
The Cerebrum (pg. 429)

8. SC 41: Label the parts of the brain and describe the function of each
Motor Cortex

9. SC 41: Label the parts of the brain and describe the function of each
Summary (pg. 429)

10. Nervous/Endocrine Connection
 Below the cerebrum is the thalamus
 Below the thalamus is the hypothalamus
 A direct connection between the hypothalamus and the
pituitary gland unites the nervous system with the
endocrine system

11. Midbrain
 The midbrain is less developed than the forebrain
 Acts as a relay centre for some eye and ear reflexes

12. Brains

13. Hindbrain
 Cerebellum - controls limb movements, balance, and
muscle tone
 Pons (bridge) - a relay station that passes information
between the two regions of the cerebellum and between
the cerebellum and the medulla
 Medulla oblongata - acts as the connection between the
peripheral and central nervous systems; also acts as
coordinating centre for the autonomic nervous system
 Controls involuntary muscle movement… such as?
 Heart rate, breathing, vessel diameter,

15. Brain Structure
 The Brain is covered by a three-layer protective
membrane known as the meninges
 Outer layer = dura mater
 Middle layer = arachnoid mater
 Inner layer = pia mater
 These three layers form the blood-brain barrier,
determining what chemicals will reach the brain

16. Meninges

17. SC 40: Discuss the relationship between the CNS and meningitis
Meningitis
 Bacterial or viral infection of the meninges
 Symptoms include:
 Intense headache
 Stiff neck
 Fever, confusion
 Vomiting
 Medical emergency - can lead to death if untreated

18. Cerebro Spinal Fluid (CSF)
 Cerebrospinal fluid circulates
between the innermost and
middle meninges of the brain and
through the central canal of the
spinal cord
 Shock absorber
 Transport medium, carrying
nutrients to brain cells while
relaying wastes from the cells to
the blood

19. This Oneextract cerebrospinal fluid from the
 Physicians can
Goes to 11…
spinal cord to diagnose bacterial or viral infection. The
technique, referred to as a lumbar puncture or
spinal tap, is used to identify poliomyelitis and
meningitis

20. The Spinal Cord

21. Success Criteria
40. Discuss the relationship between the CNS and
meningitis.
41. Label the parts of the brain and describe the function
of each.

22. Dissection
 Safety
 Hair tied back, goggles and gloves worn
 Respect
 This is an educational opportunity
 Mishandling of the specimens will not be tolerated at all

23. Goals
 Try to identify different regions of the brain
 Try to separate the different layers of the meninges
 Try to find your goal structures