Counseling skills are important for pharmacy staff to effectively communicate medication instructions to patients. The counseling process involves introducing the medication, exchanging key information about proper use, and concluding by checking patient understanding. Staff should consider qualities like knowledge, communication skills, and empathy when counseling. Opportunities to counsel include when dispensing medications. The goals are to improve patient adherence and outcomes by ensuring they understand how and why to take their medications correctly.
An overview of Bio/Mucoadhesive drug delivery system covering various aspects like advantages, approaches, mechanism of mucoadhesion, various theories, various testing methods and examples of marketed preparations.
An overview of Bio/Mucoadhesive drug delivery system covering various aspects like advantages, approaches, mechanism of mucoadhesion, various theories, various testing methods and examples of marketed preparations.
Controlled drug delivery system part 2
mechanism and different approaches of controlled drug delivery system
diffusion-controlled drug delivery
dissolution controlled drug delivery
ion-exchange resin system
Patient counselling ,steps of patient ppunseling,communication skill in patie...MerrinJoseph1
Dr.Merrin,Joseph,Department of pharmacy practice,Community Pharmacy , Pharm D Second year, patient counseling,definition,outcome/scope of patient counseling,steps in patient counseling,communication skill in patient couseling,verbal skills and non-verbal skills.
Controlled drug delivery system part 2
mechanism and different approaches of controlled drug delivery system
diffusion-controlled drug delivery
dissolution controlled drug delivery
ion-exchange resin system
Patient counselling ,steps of patient ppunseling,communication skill in patie...MerrinJoseph1
Dr.Merrin,Joseph,Department of pharmacy practice,Community Pharmacy , Pharm D Second year, patient counseling,definition,outcome/scope of patient counseling,steps in patient counseling,communication skill in patient couseling,verbal skills and non-verbal skills.
Patient counseling is a process wherein pharmacist implements face-to-face interaction with the patient to provide information, orally or in written form, on directions of use & advice on side effects to help them to use their medications appropriately
1.Definition and benefits of patient counselling
2.Stages of patient counselling - Introduction, counselling content, counselling process and closing the counselling session
3.Barriers to effective counseling - Types and strategies to overcome the barriers
Patient counseling refers to the process of providing information, support, and guidance to patients to help them make informed decisions about their health. The goal of patient counseling is to empower patients to take an active role in managing their health, which can lead to better health outcomes. Patient counseling can cover a wide range of topics, from medication management and lifestyle changes, to understanding medical conditions and treatments.
Basic introduction to patient counselling for the clinical pharmacy services. Educating the patient on their disease, medication and lifestyle for better patient care and quicker recovery.
what is patient counselling, objective of patient counselling, steps in patient counselling, patient counselling contents, process, conclusion, communicative skill for effective counselling, verbal communication, non verbal communications
Patient Counselling is needed for
Better patient understanding to their illness and role of medication.
Improve medication adherence.
Improve dosage regimen adherence.
More effective Drug treatment.
Reduce incidence of adverse drug effect and unnecessary healthcare cost.
ADR reporting.
Improve quality of life for patient.
Raising image of Pharmacist & its profession.
Understand the need for patient counselling
Identify outcomes of effective patient counselling
. Discuss the verbal and non-verbal communication skills
required by a good counsellor. Better patient understanding of their illness and the role of medication in its treatment.
pharmacist patient education and counseling Hemat Elgohary
Lack of sufficient knowledge about their health problems and medications cause of patients’ non-adherence to their pharmaco-therapeutic regimens and monitoring plans so pharmacist need to have skills and knowledge to improve patient adherence and reduce medication-related problems
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
2. What is Counselling?
Counselling involves giving patients
information and guidance on their
medicines and allowing them to make
informed decisions.
Guidance; is the help given to an
individual to enable him/her make
whatever adjustments or
readjustments necessary in order that
he may achieve individually and
socially desirable satisfaction in all of
his activities.
3.
4. Aims of counselling patients
The aims of counselling patients are to:
◦ Encourage patients to identify any problems
they perceive with medicines and also any
solutions to these problems.
◦ Encourage patients to develop their own action
plan for taking/using medicines correctly.
◦ Gain an understanding of the patient’s
perspective.
◦ Respect the patient’s beliefs and be non-
judgemental of their use (or non-use) of
medicines.
If patients do not take their medicines
correctly, they will not benefit from them.
5. Why should we Counsel
Patients?
Provide advice on the side-effects they may
experience from their medication.
Advice on how to use their medicine the first
time they receive it.
Important to check they are using it properly on
subsequent visits to the pharmacy.
Medicines may interact with other drugs the
patient is taking, and also with certain foods or
drinks.
Many patients are receiving substandard
care because they find their medicines difficult
to take or hard to remember, because they
don’t have anyone to talk to about their
medicines, or because they have complicated
6. Importance of patient counseling
Reducing medication errors
Increasing patients’ understanding and
management of their medical condition
Minimizing incidence of adverse drug
reactions and drug–drug interactions
Improving patient outcomes and satisfaction
with care
Improves compliance and adherence
Reduces health care cost
It is a psychological therapy.
It enables patients/clients release stres
s and anxiety
7. Opportunities for Counselling
Pharmacists and pharmacy
technicians should take a prominent
and proactive role in counselling.
The main opportunity for counselling
is at the end of the dispensing
process, or when a medicine is being
sold.
8. Qualities of a good counsellor
Knowledgeable about the product
being dispensed or sold
Excellent communication skills
(good listener, non-judgemental,
accept client’s feelings, pay attention)
Should solve the problem for the
patient.
Patience
Flexibility
Warmth
9. Qualities of a good counsellor
Tact (be polite in what you say or do)
Sensitivity
Empathetic with patients/clients
Confidentiality
Personal integrity
11. Information/advice to include
when Counselling
Name, strength, and dosage form.
How to take or use the medicine
When to take or use the medicine
How much to take or use
How long to continue to take it
What to expect,
◦ e.g. immediate relief, no effect for several days
Why the medicine is being taken or used
What to do if something goes wrong,
◦ e.g. if a dose is missed
How to recognise side-effects and minimise their incidence
Lifestyle changes which need to be made
Potential precautions, contraindications, drug-drug
interactions including non-prescription and herbal drugs
Dietary changes which need to be made
Proper storage
Prescription refill information
12. Information/advice to include
when Counselling
Don’t break an enteric coated tablet f
or easy swallowing
With medications in suspension form,
“Shake the Bottle” has to be followed.
How to remove medicine from the pa
ck and use e.g. blister, strip pack.
How to fit in the dropper assembly an
d use.
To specify whether the medicine is for
internal or external use
13. Consideration of the Medicine
Consider counselling if the drug has:
◦ A narrow therapeutic index
◦ The potential to interact with another drug
or food
◦ The potential to cause side-effects
◦ Special storage conditions
Counselling should also be done if it
is recommended by a reference
source, such as the BNF.
14. Consideration of the Patient
(1)
Is the patient known at the pharmacy,
and had previous problems with drug
therapy?
What counselling have they previously
received?
What are the patient’s comprehension
levels?
What level of support do they have or
need?
How old is the patient?
Are they pregnant or breastfeeding?
Do they have any disabilities?
Are they known to be poorly compliant?
15. Consideration of the Patient
(2)
When a patient who has brought in a
prescription wants to also buy an ‘over-the-
counter’ medicine that you know will interact
with the medicine on prescription
◦ E.g. a patient on warfarin who wants to buy
aspirin
If a patient brings in a prescription for more
than one medicine and asks for one or more
of them not to be dispensed
◦ Indicates poor compliance
If a patient wants to buy an OTC medicine
to relieve the side-effects of a prescription
medicine
◦ E.g a patient taking diclofenac who wants to buy
something to treat indigestion
16. Consideration of the Patient
(3)
Patients with terminal illness and rel
atives of patients e.g. HIV/AIDS and c
ancer
Patients who are on medication for t
he rest of their life.
Family planning clients
Women with abortions
Weak personalities
Addicted clients
17. Aids to Counselling
Patient Information Leaflets (PILs)
◦ In the UK we must give a leaflet out with
every medicine dispensed
◦ If these are not available, consider writing
your own information leaflets on how to use
ear drops, eye drops, pessaries,
suppositories, inhalers etc
Placebo devices
◦ E.g. placebo inhalers
◦ Useful for demonstrating correct inhaler
technique to patients, and for checking that
patients are using them correctly on
subsequent visits
18. Stages in the Counselling
Process
The following steps should be
followed:
1. Introduction
2. Process content
3. Conclusion
19. 1.Introduction
Review the patient’s record
Obtain drug related information such as
allergies, use of herbals etc.
Assess the patients understanding of the
reasons for therapy
Assess any actual and/or potential
concerns or problems of importance to the
patient.
20. 2.Process Content
Medication information exchange
◦ Use language that the patient
understands
◦ Use appropriate counseling aids
◦ Present facts and concepts in simple
words and in logical order
◦ Use open ended questions
21. 3. Conclusion
Check patient understanding
(feedback)
Summarize by emphasizing key
points
Give opportunity to the patient to put
forward any concept
Help the patient to plain follow-up
22. Summary of counseling process
There are six elements to the counseling p
rocess in pharmacy practice. They are easy
to remember with the memory aid GATHER
G: Greet the patient/client
A: Ask the patient/client about him/herself
T: Tell patient/client about proper use of m
edicines
H: Help patient/client to understand the in
structions
E: Explain how to use the medicine
R: Return for follow up.
23. Barriers to effective
counseling
Physical barriers for example uncomf
ortable sitting arrangement
Difference in social and cultural backg
round for example beliefs
Non verbal communication for exampl
e showing signs of disgust
Barriers caused by patients/clients e.g
. lack of interest in being counseled
Lack of trust and confidence between
counselor and client.
Language barrier
24. Conclusion
Counselling is an important part of the role of a
pharmacy staff which benefits the patient
Counselling must be structured, and the key
information should be given so it is easily understood
Counselling should be used to reinforce the label and
compliance and warn against the potential for
interactions
Some groups need special counselling
◦ Elderly, parents of ill children etc
Sometimes the amount of information given has to be
limited to avoid confusion
Patient understanding must be checked
Counselling is NOT a lecture
◦ Patients must be given the chance to ask questions
