Download as PDF, PPTX
More Related Content
Similar to 8. Dry Bean Production! - Meghan Moran
8. Dry Bean Production! - Meghan Moran
- 1. Dry Bean ProductionTips Meghan Moran, OMAFRA Canola & Dry Bean Specialist meghan.moran@ontario.ca 519-546-1725
- 3. Health Benefits ofDry Edible Beans • Folate, B-vitamins, potassium, iron, protein • Low in fat • 2x the fiber of cereals • Prevent blood glucose spike • Help control diabetes • Reduce risk of cardiovascular diseases • Increase satiety (feeling full) • Anti-cancer and anti-obesity factors under investigation
- 4. Direct Consumption Quality is#1 goal in dry bean production
- 5. Global Product Safety andacceptance in end use markets • Bean varieties • Maximum residue limits and GM presence • Pesticide products • 80-90% of Ontario beans are exported • Global bean production 2010 = 23.2 million tonnes • 7 dry bean dealers in Ontario
- 6. Making Money withDry Beans High quality, high yielding beans. Follow the recipe.
- 7. Profitability of Beans IPsoybean white bean black bean adzuki Cost of Production $315/ac $435/ac $500/ac $500/ac Yield 45 bu/ac 55 bu/ac 2200 lb/ac 2575 lb/ac 2200 lb/ac 2630 lb/ac 1375 lb/ac 1700 lb/ac Price $14.25 bu $0.3675 /lb $0.3722 /lb $0.5389 /lb Profit $326 $469 $374 $511 $318 $478 $240 $416
- 8. Choosing to GrowBeans Cost of Production indicates: • Level of risk • Level of work/ time in the field • Must have the right field for beans • Best if have your own sprayer
- 9. Field Selection • Drainage •Avoid clay • Good soil structure, no compaction • Previous crop/rotation – root disease and mould • Herbicide history – see Guide to Weed Control
- 10.
- 11. Soybean Cyst Nematode(SCN) • Limited research • Adzuki - high susceptibility • White beans – depends on variety • Black beans may be less susceptible • Carefully dig up roots to check for cysts • Send soil samples to lab for SCN analysis
- 12. Tillage • Conventional tillageprobably best – Weed control – Herbicide incorporation – Fast emergence • No-till narrower rows better suited • Roll after planting 12 + $36 = $36/ac
- 13. Bean Market ClassChoice White (navy) Black (turtle) Adzuki • Ontario grown seed may be priced lower • Idaho grown seed may have less disease + $95 seed + $20 planting = $131/ac $85/ac $95/ac $105/ac
- 14. Seeding • After lastfrost, ~June 1st • Adzuki are the longest bean (110+ days), plant as early as possible • 15”, 20”, 30”, twin row 30” • 1 ¼, 1 ½ ” deep, or deeper into moisture
- 15. Fertility • 30 to60 lb/ac Nitrogen is common • Toxic in the seed row – Broadcast pre plant and incorporate – 2x2 band • Minimal response to starter P • K according to soil test + $55 fertilizer + $10 application = $196/ac 50 lb N 30 lb P2O5 50 lb K2O Manganese Potash
- 16. Weed Control Soil Applied DualII Magnum Eptam Frontier Permit Prowl Pursuit Treflan
- 17. Weed Control: SoilApplied White & Black beans, commonly… • Pursuit + Treflan ~$30 • Pursuit + Dual ~$40 Adzuki beans, only option • Pursuit + Prowl ~$34 + $30 herbicide + $10 application = $236/ac
- 18. White & Blackbeans • Assure, Excel, Poast, Select, Venture • Basagran Forte • Reflex Adzuki beans • Assure, Poast • Reflex Weed Control: POST 18 + $45 herbicide + $10 application = $291/ac
- 19. Weed Stage forReflex Application Photos: M. Cowbrough
- 20.
- 21. Disease Control: WhiteMould • Preventative • Fungicide at 30% bloom/pin bean • 2nd application in 7-12 days, full bloom Trials by Gillard, UofG • Senator best control ($$) • Allegro, Propulse similar control • Acapela 2121 + $32 fungicide + $10 application = $333/ac
- 22. Disease Control: Anthracnose Usuallyfrom infected seed, but can survive on residue
- 23. Disease Control -Anthracnose Resistant varieties Seed treatments Idaho grown seed • Strobilurin fungicides Acapela, Headline, Quadris • Some white mould products provide suppression Allegro, Propulse
- 24.
- 25.
- 26.
- 27. Insect Pests Potato Leafhopper SpiderMites Tarnished Plant Bug Bean Leaf Beetle
- 28. Western Bean Cutworm • Emergefrom soil locally, or fly in • Feed on pods, flowers, some bean leaf tissue • Monitor for WBC to detect peak flight • 2 traps per field • Count moths weekly Photo: Tasha Valente
- 29. Western Bean Cutworm Jointhe WBC Trap Network or view it at www.cornpest.ca/wbc-trap-network/
- 30. Photos: Jocelyn Smith,Jen Bruggeman, UG Ridgetown Spray for WBC when… • More than 50 moths trapped • There are pods on the plant • Pod feeding observed • Neighbouring corn field is beyond early tassle, or has reached threshold Scouting • Larva nearly impossible to find • Check ~100 plants for holes in pods
- 31. WBC Control Products •Control is effective if applied during early pod feeding • Pod feeding should begin 10-20 days after peak flight • Larvae in soil during day, feed on new pods each night • Good pod coverage required • Spray in evening • Rotate chemistry Registered for WBC: Matador Coragen Voliam Xpress
- 33. Pre-Harvest Herbicide Treatment •Even dry down of crop • Control weeds • Pod colour a better indicator than leaf drop • Timing determined by dealer • Product depends on end use market 333333 + $11 desiccant + $10 application + $40harvesting = $395/ac
- 34. Delivering Beans • “Pick”- dockage, off colour beans, off size beans must be cleaned out ~$6.50/tonne per 1% • Drying • Shrinkage • Trucking • Crop insurance • Check-off $435 - $500 + delivery, etc.
- 35. Summary – SettingUp for Success 1. Using your best field –drainage, soil health 2. Good rotations – soybeans & canola contribute to disease issues 3. Prepare for lots of field activity 4. Focus on quality – don’t cut corners
- 36. Meghan Moran, OMAFRACanola & Dry Bean Specialist meghan.moran@ontario.ca 519-546-1725