Whole about Indian bean cultivation

1. SRI KARAN NARENDRA COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE , JOBNER
Topic:- Production Technology Of Indian Bean
SRI KARAN NARENDRA AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY JOBNER
Submitted To- Dr. M. R. Choudhary
(Prof. Of Horticulture )
Submitted By – Rakesh
Verma (M.Sc. Previous )

2. • INDIAN BEAN
 Common Name:- Hyacinth bean
 Botanical Name:- Lablab
purpureus
 Chromosome no.- 2n= 20
 Family:- Leguminosae (Fabaceae)
 Origin:- India

3. • Economic importance
 Dolichos bean, [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] is an important leguminous vegetable
of India.
 It is mainly grown for its tender green pods, Mature fresh green seeds are also
used as vegetable and dry seeds as pulse.
 Dolichos is rich in protein, minerals, vitamins and fiber.
 It is grown both as commercial crop and also in the gardens and back yards.
Dolichos bean is also known as hyacinth bean or Indians bean.
 In northern Indian it is commonly called sem.
 Its fresh green pods contain 86% moisture, 3.8% protein, 6.7% CHO, 0.7% fat, 0.9%
mineral matter, Vitamin A 312 IU. It is good source of Vitamin B and C also.

4. • Climate and soil
 It is relatively a warm season crop.
 Some strains are highly drought resistant.
 The best temperature for its seed germination is 18°C to 27°C.
 It can be grown in almost all types of soils. Sandy loam, silt loam and
clay loam are best suited.

5. • Seed rate and sowing
 Best time for sowing is June-July and February-March.
 Seed rate for dolichos bean is 10-12 kg/ha(pole types) and bush type-
20-30 kg/hac.
 Seeds treat with rhizobium helps in quick nodulation on the roots,
which fix atmospheric nitrogen.
 Seeds are sown in rows 1-1.5 m apart. It is dibbled or drilled behind the
ploughed at a distance of 10-15cm. It climbs on the roof tops.

6. • Cultivar’s
 Pole type: Pusa Early Prolific, JDL series.
 Bush type (photo-insensitive): Arka Jay, Arka Vijay, Konkan Bhushan and
RCDL-IO.
 Other variety:- Pusa sem-2, Pusa sem-3, Blue lake, Co-3,4,5, Deepaliwal,
Dasarwal, Rajni, Hebbal Avare-1.

7. Cultivar
 Arka Amogh: Plants are medium tall, 50 % flowering in 40 days and
pods are ready for harvest in 55 days. Pods are similar to Arka Jay and
Konkan Bhushan. Yield: 19-20 t/ha.
 Arka Soumya :Plants are medium tall, 50 % flowering in 45 days and
pods are ready for harvest in 55 days. Pods are slender (1.0 cm width),
medium long (13-15 cm). Yield: 19 t/ha

8.  CO-13: It is a bush type, hybrid derivative of CO-9 (bush type) x Florika
field. Photo insensitive, flowers white with long green pods, yields
10t/ha.
 KDB 403: Pole type. Pods long, narrow, shining green. Pod length 12.9
cm, width 1.2 cm, weight 2.0 g. Yield 5-6 t/ha in 180-210 days.
 KDB 405: Pole type. Pods medium long, narrow, dark green band in the
middle and boarders light green. Pod length 9.6 cm, width 1.3 cm,
weight 1.1 g. Yield 3-4 t/ha in 180-200 days.

9. Cultivars
 JDL. 79: Pole type. Pods flat, broad, whitish green with parrot green
boarder along the line of seed attachment. Pod length 11.8 cm, width
3.6 cm, weight 1.5 g. Yield 5.6 t/ha in 200 days.
 JDL 53: Pole type. Pods flat, small, narrow, dull whitish green with purple
tinge along the boarder. Pod length 7.2 cm, width 1.8 cm, weight 3.75 g.
Yield 10-12 t/ha in 200-220 days.

10. • Manure and fertilizer
 About 25t/ha of FYM should be applied to the soil at the time of land
preparation.
 Application of 20 kg N, 60 kg P205 and 60 kg K20/ha is recommended.
 Half of N along with entire dose of P and K fertilizer should be applied
at sowing time.
 The remaining half dose of N should be top dressed 30 days after
sowing

11. • Intercultural operation
 Weeding- Weeds may be controlled mechanically or by using
weedicides. Pre sowing application of Fluchloralin @ 2litre/ha check the
weed growth for 20-25 days.
 Staking- Pole type Dolichos bean need support, since the plants have
twinning growth habit. The plants should be trained on thin bamboo
stakes for better growth and fruit set. In hills twigs and branches can
also be used to give a good support.
 Irrigation- Light irrigation is given when required. For higher yield the
crop should be irrigated regularly at 7 -10 days interval. Flowering and
pod development period are the critical stages.

12. Diseases
1. Alternaria leaf spot:- Alternaria alternata
 Symptoms :-Small irregular brown lesions on leaves
which expand and turn gray-brown or dark brown
with concentric zones; older areas of lesions may
dry out and drop from leaves causing shot hole;
lesions coalesce to form large necrotic patches
 Management:-Plant beans in fertile soil; foliar
fungicide application may be required

13. Diseases
2.Anthracnose:- Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Glomerella
lindemuthiana)
 Symptoms:- Small, dark brown to black lesions on cotyledons; oval or
eye-shaped lesions on stems which turn sunken and brown with
purple to red margins.
 Management:- Plant resistant varieties; use certified disease free seed;
avoid sprinkler irrigation, water plants at base; plow bean crop debris
into soil.

14.  3.Bean rust :-Uromyces appendiculatus
 Symptoms:-Initially the symptoms appear as
small yellow/white spots on leaves. Later the
spots become enlarged and shows raised brick
red rust pustules (uredinia).
 Management:-Grow available resistant varieties.
Remove and destroy the infected crop debris.
Follow crop rotation. Keep the field free from
weeds. If the disease is severe, spray suitable
fungicide.

15. • Pest
 1. Aphids :- (Cowpea aphid, Pea aphid,
etc.) Aphis craccivora
Acyrthosiphon pisum
 Symptoms
 Small soft bodied insects on underside of leaves
and/or stems of plant; usually green or yellow in
color,
 If aphid infestation is heavy it may cause leaves
to yellow and/or distorted, necrotic spots on
leaves and/or stunted shoots.
 Aphids secrete a sticky, sugary substance called
honeydew which encourages the growth of sooty
mold on the plants.

16. • Management
 Insecticides are generally only required to treat aphids if the
infestation is very high – plants generally tolerate low and
medium level infestation.
 Insecticidal soaps or oils such as neem or canola oil are usually
the best method of control.

17.  2. Armyworms:- Spodoptera exigua
Spodoptera praefica
 Symptoms
 Larvae damage leaves, buds, flowers, pods and
beans.
 Young caterpillars are cream-white in color with a
black head and black hairs.
 Older larvae may be yellow-green to almost black
in color with fine white lines along their body and
black spots at the base of hairs.

18. • Harvesting and yield
 In bush type, the crop is ready for harvest two months after sowing and
only 2-3 picking are obtained.
 In pole type, it takes 3 months for first harvest with 9-10 picking at 7
days interval. Fully grown immature pods are harvested.
 Harvesting starts from November –December. Pods are harvested at
tender stage before it becomes fibrous.
 Green pod yield varies from 5 to 8 t/ha.

19. • Seed production
 It is a self pollinated crop and requires only 25m isolation distance
between 2 varieties.
 Three rouging should be done, before flowering, at the time of
flowering and at the time of maturity.
 Completely matured and dried pods are harvested and seeds are
extracted by threshing.
 Seeds should be dried completely and put in cloth bags or in tin
containers at cool and dry conditions.