This document summarizes a study that examined the causes and effects of indiscipline on the academic performance of female secondary school students in rural communities in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study found that peer group influence, poor school administrative policies, and lack of parental control significantly contributed to indiscipline among the students. Specifically, the results showed that peer groups, school policies, and parental influence all had a significant effect on levels of indiscipline. The document recommends that parents be more involved in their children's upbringing, teachers be committed to their duties as role models, and that schools properly reward and punish students and teachers to improve discipline.
Indiscipline, parenting style and attitude to learning of students in seconda...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that examined the influence of parenting styles and student attitudes toward learning on student indiscipline in secondary schools in Uyo Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study found that parenting styles significantly influence student behavior, with students from autocratic parenting styles exhibiting more indiscipline than those from democratic parenting styles. It also found a significant relationship between student attitudes toward learning and indiscipline, with more disciplined students having more positive attitudes toward learning. The study concluded that parenting styles and home environment impact student discipline and attitudes toward school. It recommended that parents take primary responsibility for disciplining children from a young age to help teachers promote discipline in schools.
Investigation into the Causes of Truancy among Public Senior Secondary School...iosrjce
Truancy is one of the problems affecting teaching and learning in our secondary schools these days.
This study investigated the causes of truancy among public senior secondary school students in Azare
metropolis of Bauchi state, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was used and the sampled was 357 which were
selected from the population of 5,219 by using disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. A
questionnaire was used in the collection of data for this study and simple percentage and frequency were used
in the analysis. The study found out that the causes of truancy emanating from the home of the students include
helping parents in the household work, looking after young children in the house, lack of recognition by the
parents etc. The study also found out that some causes of truancy which emanate from the children include low
intelligence, weak physical health, social and emotional, maladjustment etc. It was also found out that some
causes of truancy emanating from the school include fear of teachers, fear of school activities, difficulties of
school subjects etc. Finally, the study recommended that well trained teachers are to be employed, guidance and
counseling offices and counselors are to be available in schools, conducive atmosphere in schools should be
provided, clubs and societies should be reactivated, sport and recreational activities should be provided and
maintained by the schools.
Indsicipline among the youth, ways to curb it effect and causes.Emmanuel Hanson
Indiscipline among youth is a major problem with many causes and negative effects. Some key causes include lack of parental guidance, societal influences like corruption, bad peer groups, influence of mass media, and urban issues like drug use. Effects of youth indiscipline include lack of respect for authority, increased juvenile delinquency and criminal behavior, dropping out of school, teenage pregnancy, and children engaging in harmful income-generating activities. Solutions proposed include improving parenting techniques, emphasizing discipline and moral education in schools, community campaigns involving police and religious leaders, and providing guidance to at-risk youth.
This document summarizes a study that identified and analyzed common ethical issues in schools in Delta State, Nigeria. The study found that the most prevalent unethical conducts were school closings due to strike action, unconstitutional student admissions, inaccurate records, and misleading advertising. Potential ways to reduce unethical conduct included providing ethics training, appointing ethics specialists, and establishing formal codes of ethics for staff and students. The study concluded that identifying unethical issues and implementing preventative measures could help improve the ethical climate and quality of education.
The document summarizes the evolution of Adolescence Education Programs (AEP) in India from 1980 to the present. It began as the National Population Education Project (NPEP) in 1980 with a focus on demographic issues and family life education. Over the decades, AEP expanded its focus to include goals from the International Conference on Population and Development and topics like adolescent reproductive and sexual health. The AEP is now coordinated at the national level and implemented through various government organizations, NGOs, and state education systems to provide sexuality education and life skills training to adolescents in schools.
Dynamics of Deviant Behaviour on the Academic Participation of Early Adolesce...ijtsrd
Once students enter the school setting, their behaviors, interpersonal relations, and emotional adjustments contribute to their successful academic development. Positive school behaviors and interpersonal relations represent good adjustments in the school setting, whereas negative school behaviors and interpersonal relations represent poor school adjustments. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of deviant behaviour on the academic achievement of early adolescents in the Limbe I Sub Division. This study used the descriptive survey as a design for the research study. The main instruments used were the questionnaire an interview and observation. Purposive sampling was adopted. Three secondary schools were selected. A pilot study was used on one school to improve on the clarity and relevance of the instruments. The study revealed that deviant behaviour has a very detrimental effect on academic achievement of students. Most teachers use corporal punishment as a means of managing deviant behaviour in schools. The teachers used exclusion as the last resort to pupils who have deviant behaviour. The Results also indicated that individual inattentive behaviors and classroom-level of externalizing behaviors negatively and significantly predicted academic performance three years later. Overall, results here confirmed the previous literature supporting the negative effects of inattentive behaviors and classroom-level externalizing behaviors on the students academic grades and achievement test scores. Therefore, indicators of deviant behavior (aggression, withdrawal and bullying) had an influence on the academic achievement of students with deviant behaviours. Recommendations were made to teachers, parents and other stakeholders to help curb deviant beaviours not just in schools but at home and in the community. Patrick Fonyuy Shey | Tani Emmanuel Lukong"Dynamics of Deviant Behaviour on the Academic Participation of Early Adolescents, Limbe Sub-Division, South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd9417.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/9417/dynamics-of-deviant-behaviour-on-the-academic-participation-of-early-adolescents-limbe-sub-division-south-west-region-of-cameroon/patrick-fonyuy-shey
ECJ_p34-41_4 Education-Engaging the disengagedLouise Kinnaird
This document discusses ways to engage disengaged students in learning. It begins by outlining some of the risks of disengagement, such as lower academic achievement and economic success. It then discusses that disengagement can stem from a combination of internal and external factors. The document provides data on the prevalence of disengagement in the UK. It discusses approaches schools have taken to reengage students, such as building relationships, improving teaching quality, using mentors, and adapting curriculum. Case studies highlight using leadership, working with parents, giving students responsibility, and incorporating arts. The document concludes that high-quality teaching and leadership are especially important for reengaging disengaged students.
Students' abesenteeism a silent killer of universal secondary education in ug...Komakech Robert Agwot
The document discusses students' absenteeism in Uganda's Universal Secondary Education system. It finds the average absenteeism rate is 23.18% in day schools and 3.25% in boarding schools. The main causes of absenteeism identified are lack of school supplies, household work, lack of interest, hunger at school, sexual harassment, long distances to school, illness, family issues like loss of a parent, peer influence, and harsh punishment. Absenteeism affects students from poor families, those living far from school, females, orphans, the disabled, males, and those from single parent homes most. The study recommends improving family income, providing school meals, improving transportation, holding schools accountable, and examining the
Indiscipline, parenting style and attitude to learning of students in seconda...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that examined the influence of parenting styles and student attitudes toward learning on student indiscipline in secondary schools in Uyo Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study found that parenting styles significantly influence student behavior, with students from autocratic parenting styles exhibiting more indiscipline than those from democratic parenting styles. It also found a significant relationship between student attitudes toward learning and indiscipline, with more disciplined students having more positive attitudes toward learning. The study concluded that parenting styles and home environment impact student discipline and attitudes toward school. It recommended that parents take primary responsibility for disciplining children from a young age to help teachers promote discipline in schools.
Investigation into the Causes of Truancy among Public Senior Secondary School...iosrjce
Truancy is one of the problems affecting teaching and learning in our secondary schools these days.
This study investigated the causes of truancy among public senior secondary school students in Azare
metropolis of Bauchi state, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was used and the sampled was 357 which were
selected from the population of 5,219 by using disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. A
questionnaire was used in the collection of data for this study and simple percentage and frequency were used
in the analysis. The study found out that the causes of truancy emanating from the home of the students include
helping parents in the household work, looking after young children in the house, lack of recognition by the
parents etc. The study also found out that some causes of truancy which emanate from the children include low
intelligence, weak physical health, social and emotional, maladjustment etc. It was also found out that some
causes of truancy emanating from the school include fear of teachers, fear of school activities, difficulties of
school subjects etc. Finally, the study recommended that well trained teachers are to be employed, guidance and
counseling offices and counselors are to be available in schools, conducive atmosphere in schools should be
provided, clubs and societies should be reactivated, sport and recreational activities should be provided and
maintained by the schools.
Indsicipline among the youth, ways to curb it effect and causes.Emmanuel Hanson
Indiscipline among youth is a major problem with many causes and negative effects. Some key causes include lack of parental guidance, societal influences like corruption, bad peer groups, influence of mass media, and urban issues like drug use. Effects of youth indiscipline include lack of respect for authority, increased juvenile delinquency and criminal behavior, dropping out of school, teenage pregnancy, and children engaging in harmful income-generating activities. Solutions proposed include improving parenting techniques, emphasizing discipline and moral education in schools, community campaigns involving police and religious leaders, and providing guidance to at-risk youth.
This document summarizes a study that identified and analyzed common ethical issues in schools in Delta State, Nigeria. The study found that the most prevalent unethical conducts were school closings due to strike action, unconstitutional student admissions, inaccurate records, and misleading advertising. Potential ways to reduce unethical conduct included providing ethics training, appointing ethics specialists, and establishing formal codes of ethics for staff and students. The study concluded that identifying unethical issues and implementing preventative measures could help improve the ethical climate and quality of education.
The document summarizes the evolution of Adolescence Education Programs (AEP) in India from 1980 to the present. It began as the National Population Education Project (NPEP) in 1980 with a focus on demographic issues and family life education. Over the decades, AEP expanded its focus to include goals from the International Conference on Population and Development and topics like adolescent reproductive and sexual health. The AEP is now coordinated at the national level and implemented through various government organizations, NGOs, and state education systems to provide sexuality education and life skills training to adolescents in schools.
Dynamics of Deviant Behaviour on the Academic Participation of Early Adolesce...ijtsrd
Once students enter the school setting, their behaviors, interpersonal relations, and emotional adjustments contribute to their successful academic development. Positive school behaviors and interpersonal relations represent good adjustments in the school setting, whereas negative school behaviors and interpersonal relations represent poor school adjustments. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of deviant behaviour on the academic achievement of early adolescents in the Limbe I Sub Division. This study used the descriptive survey as a design for the research study. The main instruments used were the questionnaire an interview and observation. Purposive sampling was adopted. Three secondary schools were selected. A pilot study was used on one school to improve on the clarity and relevance of the instruments. The study revealed that deviant behaviour has a very detrimental effect on academic achievement of students. Most teachers use corporal punishment as a means of managing deviant behaviour in schools. The teachers used exclusion as the last resort to pupils who have deviant behaviour. The Results also indicated that individual inattentive behaviors and classroom-level of externalizing behaviors negatively and significantly predicted academic performance three years later. Overall, results here confirmed the previous literature supporting the negative effects of inattentive behaviors and classroom-level externalizing behaviors on the students academic grades and achievement test scores. Therefore, indicators of deviant behavior (aggression, withdrawal and bullying) had an influence on the academic achievement of students with deviant behaviours. Recommendations were made to teachers, parents and other stakeholders to help curb deviant beaviours not just in schools but at home and in the community. Patrick Fonyuy Shey | Tani Emmanuel Lukong"Dynamics of Deviant Behaviour on the Academic Participation of Early Adolescents, Limbe Sub-Division, South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd9417.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/9417/dynamics-of-deviant-behaviour-on-the-academic-participation-of-early-adolescents-limbe-sub-division-south-west-region-of-cameroon/patrick-fonyuy-shey
ECJ_p34-41_4 Education-Engaging the disengagedLouise Kinnaird
This document discusses ways to engage disengaged students in learning. It begins by outlining some of the risks of disengagement, such as lower academic achievement and economic success. It then discusses that disengagement can stem from a combination of internal and external factors. The document provides data on the prevalence of disengagement in the UK. It discusses approaches schools have taken to reengage students, such as building relationships, improving teaching quality, using mentors, and adapting curriculum. Case studies highlight using leadership, working with parents, giving students responsibility, and incorporating arts. The document concludes that high-quality teaching and leadership are especially important for reengaging disengaged students.
Students' abesenteeism a silent killer of universal secondary education in ug...Komakech Robert Agwot
The document discusses students' absenteeism in Uganda's Universal Secondary Education system. It finds the average absenteeism rate is 23.18% in day schools and 3.25% in boarding schools. The main causes of absenteeism identified are lack of school supplies, household work, lack of interest, hunger at school, sexual harassment, long distances to school, illness, family issues like loss of a parent, peer influence, and harsh punishment. Absenteeism affects students from poor families, those living far from school, females, orphans, the disabled, males, and those from single parent homes most. The study recommends improving family income, providing school meals, improving transportation, holding schools accountable, and examining the
This study was embarked upon as an assessment of school principals’ assertiveness on the school attendance of Nigerian female students living and working as maids. Eight research questions and eight null hypotheses guided the study. The survey research design was utilized for the study. The target population was the 257 school principals in the six education zones in Anambra State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling was utilized in selecting four education zones for the study, out of which 96 principals were selected as the sample of the study. A questionnaire was used to elicit information from these school principals and 82 of them duly filled and returned theirs. The research questions were answered using the statistical mean, while the null hypotheses were tested using the t-test statistic at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that that male principals did not have any knowledge of female students who work as housemaids or engage in commercial activities when they should be in school, and that both rural and urban school principals had limited knowledge of female students who work as maids in homes or in commercial ventures, among others. The hypotheses testing revealed that male and female school principals’ knowledge of students who work housemaids or engage in commercial activities significantly differed, and also there was no significant difference in rural and urban location response ratings of school principals on their enforcement of school attendance for housemaids and female students used as labour in commercial activities. It was recommended that principals should show more interest in the personal lives of their students, as this could be contributory to their absenteeism from school, and that government should come out with a whitepaper on school attendance, the flouting of which would lead to sanctions against offending masters and mistresses of female students who work as maids in homes and in commercial ventures.
College Students' Attitude towards Premarital Sex: Implication for Guidance a...AJSERJournal
In many African countries, discussing sexuality still remains a taboo, despite the increasing number of
sexual activities among college students. The study sought to find out college students attitude towards premarital sex
and the implication of guidance and counselling. It was guided by the social learning theory. Using a descriptive survey
design data was collected through personally delivered questionnaire to 452 students who were randomly selected
from middle level colleges in Nakuru County. The questionnaire was validated through piloting in one college outside
Nakuru. Reliability coefficient for questionnaire was estimated through test-retest method and Cronbach’s alpha stood
at R=84. Data was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative data. Study findings indicate that 258 or 57% of the
respondents were liberal about premarital sex and viewed it as a normal act that should not attract criticism. A total of
194 or 43% were conservative and believed that it is against the norms of society and the teachings of the church.
Factors associated with premarital sex, include love, peer pressure, drug abuse and economic factors. Counselling was
seen as the best strategic to handle sex issues, but was not effective due to stigma associated with premarital sex. The
study recommended the college administrators step up strategies to supervise both the social and academic life of the
students. By providing them with information, to make informed consent on sexual matters.
This document discusses community attitudes toward adults with intellectual disabilities. It finds that negative attitudes pose major barriers to their education, employment, housing, health, and social networks. Teachers, employers, and neighbors sometimes lack awareness or have discomfort around inclusion. However, awareness training and social contact programs can help improve attitudes. Changing attitudes requires a multidimensional approach including information, education, positive portrayal, and supported opportunities for interaction and inclusion.
The document discusses the relationship between social class and school success. It finds that students from higher social classes tend to perform better in school than those from lower social classes. This is due to differences in home and family environments, as well as obstacles some students face in the classroom. While schools aim to equalize opportunity, research shows family background has a strong influence on achievement and many disadvantages are not overcome. The document examines factors like parental education, home resources, and teacher perceptions that can affect student performance.
This document discusses the relationship between social class and educational outcomes in Australia. It begins with an overview of how different types of schools were historically designed to serve different social classes, with schools for the working class focusing on basic education and job training, and schools for the elite focusing on preparation for higher education. It then discusses ongoing issues like lower educational attainment and university attendance rates among those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Studies discussed found that a person's social class still impacts opportunities and that students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds have poorer outcomes and are underrepresented among high achievers. The document examines factors like concentrations of disadvantage at the school-level independent of an individual's socioeconomic status that can impact student performance.
The document outlines the findings of a participatory research study conducted in Gujarat, India to understand the needs, potential, rights and experiences of persons with disabilities. The study revealed that persons with disabilities face profound social exclusion and restrictions in mobility, access to services, livelihood opportunities and education due to stigma, lack of accessibility, and poverty. The study also found that increasing awareness and positive attitudes in communities can help promote greater social inclusion of persons with disabilities.
Academic Achievement of Adolescents In Relation To Parental Encouragementiosrjce
This Study examines the Academic Achievement of Adolescence and Parental encouragement, the
encouragement support exerts most direct influence upon the acquisition of academic achievement. This study
explored the extent to which the parental encouragement has relation with academic achievement among school
students. Parents play a key role in shaping students achievement. Family factors such as parent’s level of
education, Parental expectations and parental support for their children seem to extent some influences on
adolescents academic achievement. Parents play an important role in educational motivation of their children.
They provide necessary facilities and educational environment which results is better performance in school.
Parents approve and appreciate activities related to education and remove any difficult felt by their wards. This
type of behavior of Parents is known as parental encouragement. In other wards parental encouragement
refers to the guidance, communication and interest shown by the parents to promote their wards progress in
school.
Understanding Socio-Economic Disadvantage and its impact on student learning,...misshampson
Talking about a socio-economic disadvantage, equity, cultural competency, and programs that serve students in disadvantaged areas. Some tips and ideas for how to work with students effectively, and ways to adapt your practice.
1) Incoming occupational therapy students held some ambivalent attitudes and misconceptions about aging, disability, and depression rates. Prior disability studies courses reduced feelings of vulnerability.
2) A structured first-year curriculum including simulations, interviews with older adults, and discussions improved students' knowledge and reduced paternalism and discomfort.
3) Next steps include refining simulations to promote identification and empowerment without increasing paternalism. The study provides insights into addressing attitudes through occupational therapy education.
Truancy is defined as an unexcused absence from school and is considered a status offence due to the young age of the truant student. There are four main factors that can contribute to truancy: school factors like inconsistent attendance policies or an unwelcoming environment; home factors such as financial problems or unsupportive parents; community factors such as unsafe neighborhoods or bullying; and personal factors including poor academic performance or unmet mental health needs.
The document provides recommendations from a team of multidisciplinary experts on meeting the needs of students with specific learning disabilities, emotional/behavioral disabilities, and autism at Senn High School. It recommends promoting student self-advocacy, providing wrap-around services, implementing programs like positive behavioral support and buddy programs for autism, using curriculum planning and partnership strategies for specific learning disabilities, and employing classwide peer tutoring for emotional/behavioral disorders. Physical therapy, social work, and ensuring necessary resources are in place are also emphasized.
This document discusses gender and educational attainment. It explores how gender norms are constructed and enacted in schools. Gender influences educational experiences through factors like subject selection, teacher expectations, and peer relationships. While girls have made gains, subject selection remains influenced by 19th century ideas. Boys still face issues like lower rates of university completion. The document examines how students "do gender" and negotiate norms through interactions. It also discusses challenges like gendered bullying and pressures of heteronormativity.
What is Student Unrest?
Unrest is a state of mental irritation or disturbance caused by different factors.
The state of mind is exposed through some anti-social behavior or protest.
CAUSES OF UNREST
--PSYCHOLOGICAL CAUSES
--SOCIAL CAUSES
--EDUCATIONAL CAUSES
--POLITICAL CAUSES
*Recommendation & Solution….
--Change in Education System
--Establish more schools and appoint qualified teachers
--Technical education must be given to all the classes.
-- Promote primary education
--Counseling Services
--Student Welfare Activities.
--Preparing Students Psychologically
--Discussion
--Extra-curricular Activities.
This document summarizes Dr. Jay Smink's presentation on effective strategies for increasing graduation rates. The presentation covers understanding the problem of dropout rates through data on national, state, and background characteristics of dropouts. It also discusses categories of factors contributing to students dropping out, including individual, family, school, and community factors. Finally, it outlines 15 strategies that help prevent students from dropping out, including systemic renewal, school-community collaboration, creating safe learning environments, and monitoring student progress.
Early intervention services provide support for infants and young children at risk for developmental delays from birth to age 6. There are three main types of early intervention: home-based, center-based, and an eclectic approach combining both. Home-based intervention involves therapists visiting the child's home to work with the parents. Center-based care provides expert support from multiple therapists at a central location. An eclectic approach uses a mix of home visits and center-based services tailored to the individual needs and situation of each child and family. The goal of any early intervention is to support the healthy development of children's physical, cognitive, communication, social/emotional, and self-help skills.
Adolescence Offence and Social Responsibilities: Perspective Upper Class Boys...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Adolescence offence among upper-class boys remains shrouded in mystery. So scanty is our
knowledge of this group that a public image of the upper-class adolescent is non-existent, and neither the barest
trace nor suspicion is available of him as delinquent. Although the hard knot of delinquency (behavior that is apt
to try any public tolerance) is located in the bottom levels of the working class, limited studies (using selfreported techniques) have revealed delinquency throughout the class structure. But nothing is known about the
delinquency of boys who attend expensive private schools. The purpose of this paper is to study Bangladeshi
upper class adolescents’ involvement in different violent and criminal activities and their growing tendency to
commit acts of violence in high schools and the reasons behind them. This study therefore aims to provide such
data by attempting to understand the different influential factors that are closely related with the involvement of
adolescence offence in Bangladesh. This study is based on primary data of 200 upper class adolescents who are
involved in different criminal activities of Dhaka city, 40 parents, 30 secondary school teachers, 20 social
workers and on review of secondary literatures. After collecting the data they are transcribed, tabulated and
analyzed in terms of the research objectives. This study shows that parents’ detachment, low internet cost, social
media, reluctantness of law and enforcement agencies and friends’ influence play the most important role on
upper class adolescence offence. This study also recommends some ways to mitigate this problem.
KEY WORDS: adolescence, violence, social responsibility, mental health etc.
Gender perspectives to the issues and challenges in higher education refreshe...VIBHUTI PATEL
Equal access to education for women and girls will be ensured.
Special measures will be taken to eliminate discrimination, universalize education, eradicate illiteracy, create a gender-sensitive educational system, increase enrolment and retention rates of girls and improve the quality of education to facilitate life-long learning as well as development of occupation/vocation/technical skills by women.
Reducing the gender gap in secondary and higher education would be a focus area. Sectoral time targets in existing policies will be achieved, with a special focus on girls and women, particularly those belonging to weaker sections including the Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes/Other Backward Classes/Minorities. Gender sensitive curricula would be developed at all levels of educational system in order to address sex stereotyping as one of the causes of gender discrimination.
Influence of School Rules' Formulation on Students' Discipline in Public Seco...inventionjournals
Since independence, the Kenyan Government's desire has been to ensure quality education. However, learning institutions have been plagued with cases of students’ unrest and indiscipline which mitigate against quality education. In spite of the existence of school rules, many secondary schools are reporting a wide range of potentially disruptive behaviors in the classrooms and around the schools. This study sought to investigate the influence of school rules' formulation on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. It was guided by four research objectives which were: to determine the influence of students' involvement in the process of formulating school rules on their discipline, to find out whether students know all their school rules and the influence on their discipline, to establish whether students like their school rules and the influence on their discipline and to determine the influence of shared goals and plans on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The study targeted 324 principals, 3,865 teachers and 97,200 students in public secondary schools in Makueni County, and employed descriptive survey design. The sample size of the study, which was obtained by stratified and simple random sampling procedures, was 100 principals, 387 teachers and 398 students who participated in the study. Questionnaire, interview guide and observation schedule research instruments were utilized for the study. Test-retest technique of reliability was used to affirm the reliability of the instruments. The reliability coefficient of the instruments was 0.675 for questionnaire for students and 0.748 for questionnaire for the teachers. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented in frequency tables. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to test the hypothesis. From the data analysis, it was found out that the processes of formulation of school rules and regulations had significant positive relationship at r=+0.612, p=0.030 with levels of students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The researcher recommended that principals in public secondary school in Makueni County should actively involve students in the process of formulation of school rules and regulations, so as to enhance students’ discipline
Influence of School Rules' Formulation on Students' Discipline in Public Seco...inventionjournals
Since independence, the Kenyan Government's desire has been to ensure quality education. However, learning institutions have been plagued with cases of students’ unrest and indiscipline which mitigate against quality education. In spite of the existence of school rules, many secondary schools are reporting a wide range of potentially disruptive behaviors in the classrooms and around the schools. This study sought to investigate the influence of school rules' formulation on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. It was guided by four research objectives which were: to determine the influence of students' involvement in the process of formulating school rules on their discipline, to find out whether students know all their school rules and the influence on their discipline, to establish whether students like their school rules and the influence on their discipline and to determine the influence of shared goals and plans on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The study targeted 324 principals, 3,865 teachers and 97,200 students in public secondary schools in Makueni County, and employed descriptive survey design. The sample size of the study, which was obtained by stratified and simple random sampling procedures, was 100 principals, 387 teachers and 398 students who participated in the study. Questionnaire, interview guide and observation schedule research instruments were utilized for the study. Test-retest technique of reliability was used to affirm the reliability of the instruments. The reliability coefficient of the instruments was 0.675 for questionnaire for students and 0.748 for questionnaire for the teachers. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented in frequency tables. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to test the hypothesis. From the data analysis, it was found out that the processes of formulation of school rules and regulations had significant positive relationship at r=+0.612, p=0.030 with levels of students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The researcher recommended that principals in public secondary school in Makueni County should actively involve students in the process of formulation of school rules and regulations, so as to enhance students’ discipline.
This study was embarked upon as an assessment of school principals’ assertiveness on the school attendance of Nigerian female students living and working as maids. Eight research questions and eight null hypotheses guided the study. The survey research design was utilized for the study. The target population was the 257 school principals in the six education zones in Anambra State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling was utilized in selecting four education zones for the study, out of which 96 principals were selected as the sample of the study. A questionnaire was used to elicit information from these school principals and 82 of them duly filled and returned theirs. The research questions were answered using the statistical mean, while the null hypotheses were tested using the t-test statistic at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that that male principals did not have any knowledge of female students who work as housemaids or engage in commercial activities when they should be in school, and that both rural and urban school principals had limited knowledge of female students who work as maids in homes or in commercial ventures, among others. The hypotheses testing revealed that male and female school principals’ knowledge of students who work housemaids or engage in commercial activities significantly differed, and also there was no significant difference in rural and urban location response ratings of school principals on their enforcement of school attendance for housemaids and female students used as labour in commercial activities. It was recommended that principals should show more interest in the personal lives of their students, as this could be contributory to their absenteeism from school, and that government should come out with a whitepaper on school attendance, the flouting of which would lead to sanctions against offending masters and mistresses of female students who work as maids in homes and in commercial ventures.
College Students' Attitude towards Premarital Sex: Implication for Guidance a...AJSERJournal
In many African countries, discussing sexuality still remains a taboo, despite the increasing number of
sexual activities among college students. The study sought to find out college students attitude towards premarital sex
and the implication of guidance and counselling. It was guided by the social learning theory. Using a descriptive survey
design data was collected through personally delivered questionnaire to 452 students who were randomly selected
from middle level colleges in Nakuru County. The questionnaire was validated through piloting in one college outside
Nakuru. Reliability coefficient for questionnaire was estimated through test-retest method and Cronbach’s alpha stood
at R=84. Data was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative data. Study findings indicate that 258 or 57% of the
respondents were liberal about premarital sex and viewed it as a normal act that should not attract criticism. A total of
194 or 43% were conservative and believed that it is against the norms of society and the teachings of the church.
Factors associated with premarital sex, include love, peer pressure, drug abuse and economic factors. Counselling was
seen as the best strategic to handle sex issues, but was not effective due to stigma associated with premarital sex. The
study recommended the college administrators step up strategies to supervise both the social and academic life of the
students. By providing them with information, to make informed consent on sexual matters.
This document discusses community attitudes toward adults with intellectual disabilities. It finds that negative attitudes pose major barriers to their education, employment, housing, health, and social networks. Teachers, employers, and neighbors sometimes lack awareness or have discomfort around inclusion. However, awareness training and social contact programs can help improve attitudes. Changing attitudes requires a multidimensional approach including information, education, positive portrayal, and supported opportunities for interaction and inclusion.
The document discusses the relationship between social class and school success. It finds that students from higher social classes tend to perform better in school than those from lower social classes. This is due to differences in home and family environments, as well as obstacles some students face in the classroom. While schools aim to equalize opportunity, research shows family background has a strong influence on achievement and many disadvantages are not overcome. The document examines factors like parental education, home resources, and teacher perceptions that can affect student performance.
This document discusses the relationship between social class and educational outcomes in Australia. It begins with an overview of how different types of schools were historically designed to serve different social classes, with schools for the working class focusing on basic education and job training, and schools for the elite focusing on preparation for higher education. It then discusses ongoing issues like lower educational attainment and university attendance rates among those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Studies discussed found that a person's social class still impacts opportunities and that students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds have poorer outcomes and are underrepresented among high achievers. The document examines factors like concentrations of disadvantage at the school-level independent of an individual's socioeconomic status that can impact student performance.
The document outlines the findings of a participatory research study conducted in Gujarat, India to understand the needs, potential, rights and experiences of persons with disabilities. The study revealed that persons with disabilities face profound social exclusion and restrictions in mobility, access to services, livelihood opportunities and education due to stigma, lack of accessibility, and poverty. The study also found that increasing awareness and positive attitudes in communities can help promote greater social inclusion of persons with disabilities.
Academic Achievement of Adolescents In Relation To Parental Encouragementiosrjce
This Study examines the Academic Achievement of Adolescence and Parental encouragement, the
encouragement support exerts most direct influence upon the acquisition of academic achievement. This study
explored the extent to which the parental encouragement has relation with academic achievement among school
students. Parents play a key role in shaping students achievement. Family factors such as parent’s level of
education, Parental expectations and parental support for their children seem to extent some influences on
adolescents academic achievement. Parents play an important role in educational motivation of their children.
They provide necessary facilities and educational environment which results is better performance in school.
Parents approve and appreciate activities related to education and remove any difficult felt by their wards. This
type of behavior of Parents is known as parental encouragement. In other wards parental encouragement
refers to the guidance, communication and interest shown by the parents to promote their wards progress in
school.
Understanding Socio-Economic Disadvantage and its impact on student learning,...misshampson
Talking about a socio-economic disadvantage, equity, cultural competency, and programs that serve students in disadvantaged areas. Some tips and ideas for how to work with students effectively, and ways to adapt your practice.
1) Incoming occupational therapy students held some ambivalent attitudes and misconceptions about aging, disability, and depression rates. Prior disability studies courses reduced feelings of vulnerability.
2) A structured first-year curriculum including simulations, interviews with older adults, and discussions improved students' knowledge and reduced paternalism and discomfort.
3) Next steps include refining simulations to promote identification and empowerment without increasing paternalism. The study provides insights into addressing attitudes through occupational therapy education.
Truancy is defined as an unexcused absence from school and is considered a status offence due to the young age of the truant student. There are four main factors that can contribute to truancy: school factors like inconsistent attendance policies or an unwelcoming environment; home factors such as financial problems or unsupportive parents; community factors such as unsafe neighborhoods or bullying; and personal factors including poor academic performance or unmet mental health needs.
The document provides recommendations from a team of multidisciplinary experts on meeting the needs of students with specific learning disabilities, emotional/behavioral disabilities, and autism at Senn High School. It recommends promoting student self-advocacy, providing wrap-around services, implementing programs like positive behavioral support and buddy programs for autism, using curriculum planning and partnership strategies for specific learning disabilities, and employing classwide peer tutoring for emotional/behavioral disorders. Physical therapy, social work, and ensuring necessary resources are in place are also emphasized.
This document discusses gender and educational attainment. It explores how gender norms are constructed and enacted in schools. Gender influences educational experiences through factors like subject selection, teacher expectations, and peer relationships. While girls have made gains, subject selection remains influenced by 19th century ideas. Boys still face issues like lower rates of university completion. The document examines how students "do gender" and negotiate norms through interactions. It also discusses challenges like gendered bullying and pressures of heteronormativity.
What is Student Unrest?
Unrest is a state of mental irritation or disturbance caused by different factors.
The state of mind is exposed through some anti-social behavior or protest.
CAUSES OF UNREST
--PSYCHOLOGICAL CAUSES
--SOCIAL CAUSES
--EDUCATIONAL CAUSES
--POLITICAL CAUSES
*Recommendation & Solution….
--Change in Education System
--Establish more schools and appoint qualified teachers
--Technical education must be given to all the classes.
-- Promote primary education
--Counseling Services
--Student Welfare Activities.
--Preparing Students Psychologically
--Discussion
--Extra-curricular Activities.
This document summarizes Dr. Jay Smink's presentation on effective strategies for increasing graduation rates. The presentation covers understanding the problem of dropout rates through data on national, state, and background characteristics of dropouts. It also discusses categories of factors contributing to students dropping out, including individual, family, school, and community factors. Finally, it outlines 15 strategies that help prevent students from dropping out, including systemic renewal, school-community collaboration, creating safe learning environments, and monitoring student progress.
Early intervention services provide support for infants and young children at risk for developmental delays from birth to age 6. There are three main types of early intervention: home-based, center-based, and an eclectic approach combining both. Home-based intervention involves therapists visiting the child's home to work with the parents. Center-based care provides expert support from multiple therapists at a central location. An eclectic approach uses a mix of home visits and center-based services tailored to the individual needs and situation of each child and family. The goal of any early intervention is to support the healthy development of children's physical, cognitive, communication, social/emotional, and self-help skills.
Adolescence Offence and Social Responsibilities: Perspective Upper Class Boys...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Adolescence offence among upper-class boys remains shrouded in mystery. So scanty is our
knowledge of this group that a public image of the upper-class adolescent is non-existent, and neither the barest
trace nor suspicion is available of him as delinquent. Although the hard knot of delinquency (behavior that is apt
to try any public tolerance) is located in the bottom levels of the working class, limited studies (using selfreported techniques) have revealed delinquency throughout the class structure. But nothing is known about the
delinquency of boys who attend expensive private schools. The purpose of this paper is to study Bangladeshi
upper class adolescents’ involvement in different violent and criminal activities and their growing tendency to
commit acts of violence in high schools and the reasons behind them. This study therefore aims to provide such
data by attempting to understand the different influential factors that are closely related with the involvement of
adolescence offence in Bangladesh. This study is based on primary data of 200 upper class adolescents who are
involved in different criminal activities of Dhaka city, 40 parents, 30 secondary school teachers, 20 social
workers and on review of secondary literatures. After collecting the data they are transcribed, tabulated and
analyzed in terms of the research objectives. This study shows that parents’ detachment, low internet cost, social
media, reluctantness of law and enforcement agencies and friends’ influence play the most important role on
upper class adolescence offence. This study also recommends some ways to mitigate this problem.
KEY WORDS: adolescence, violence, social responsibility, mental health etc.
Gender perspectives to the issues and challenges in higher education refreshe...VIBHUTI PATEL
Equal access to education for women and girls will be ensured.
Special measures will be taken to eliminate discrimination, universalize education, eradicate illiteracy, create a gender-sensitive educational system, increase enrolment and retention rates of girls and improve the quality of education to facilitate life-long learning as well as development of occupation/vocation/technical skills by women.
Reducing the gender gap in secondary and higher education would be a focus area. Sectoral time targets in existing policies will be achieved, with a special focus on girls and women, particularly those belonging to weaker sections including the Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes/Other Backward Classes/Minorities. Gender sensitive curricula would be developed at all levels of educational system in order to address sex stereotyping as one of the causes of gender discrimination.
Influence of School Rules' Formulation on Students' Discipline in Public Seco...inventionjournals
Since independence, the Kenyan Government's desire has been to ensure quality education. However, learning institutions have been plagued with cases of students’ unrest and indiscipline which mitigate against quality education. In spite of the existence of school rules, many secondary schools are reporting a wide range of potentially disruptive behaviors in the classrooms and around the schools. This study sought to investigate the influence of school rules' formulation on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. It was guided by four research objectives which were: to determine the influence of students' involvement in the process of formulating school rules on their discipline, to find out whether students know all their school rules and the influence on their discipline, to establish whether students like their school rules and the influence on their discipline and to determine the influence of shared goals and plans on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The study targeted 324 principals, 3,865 teachers and 97,200 students in public secondary schools in Makueni County, and employed descriptive survey design. The sample size of the study, which was obtained by stratified and simple random sampling procedures, was 100 principals, 387 teachers and 398 students who participated in the study. Questionnaire, interview guide and observation schedule research instruments were utilized for the study. Test-retest technique of reliability was used to affirm the reliability of the instruments. The reliability coefficient of the instruments was 0.675 for questionnaire for students and 0.748 for questionnaire for the teachers. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented in frequency tables. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to test the hypothesis. From the data analysis, it was found out that the processes of formulation of school rules and regulations had significant positive relationship at r=+0.612, p=0.030 with levels of students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The researcher recommended that principals in public secondary school in Makueni County should actively involve students in the process of formulation of school rules and regulations, so as to enhance students’ discipline
Influence of School Rules' Formulation on Students' Discipline in Public Seco...inventionjournals
Since independence, the Kenyan Government's desire has been to ensure quality education. However, learning institutions have been plagued with cases of students’ unrest and indiscipline which mitigate against quality education. In spite of the existence of school rules, many secondary schools are reporting a wide range of potentially disruptive behaviors in the classrooms and around the schools. This study sought to investigate the influence of school rules' formulation on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. It was guided by four research objectives which were: to determine the influence of students' involvement in the process of formulating school rules on their discipline, to find out whether students know all their school rules and the influence on their discipline, to establish whether students like their school rules and the influence on their discipline and to determine the influence of shared goals and plans on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The study targeted 324 principals, 3,865 teachers and 97,200 students in public secondary schools in Makueni County, and employed descriptive survey design. The sample size of the study, which was obtained by stratified and simple random sampling procedures, was 100 principals, 387 teachers and 398 students who participated in the study. Questionnaire, interview guide and observation schedule research instruments were utilized for the study. Test-retest technique of reliability was used to affirm the reliability of the instruments. The reliability coefficient of the instruments was 0.675 for questionnaire for students and 0.748 for questionnaire for the teachers. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented in frequency tables. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to test the hypothesis. From the data analysis, it was found out that the processes of formulation of school rules and regulations had significant positive relationship at r=+0.612, p=0.030 with levels of students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The researcher recommended that principals in public secondary school in Makueni County should actively involve students in the process of formulation of school rules and regulations, so as to enhance students’ discipline.
School attendence is a prerequite for a student in universial secondary educa...Komakech Robert Agwot
The study explored the effects of students’ absenteeism on student academic and school performance in Uganda. The study also assessed the effectiveness of class attendance monitoring tool; the challenges faced by the school administration in dealing with absentee student(s); and established the relationship between students’ absenteeism and academic performance of students. The relevant literature was reviewed to anchor the methodology and the findings. The study adopted descriptive cross-sectional survey design. A combination of stratified and purposive sampling was applied to accommodate the variety of respondents from Serere, Soroti, Kumi and Ngora districts in Teso sub-region; North Eastern Uganda. The study used questionnaires and interview schedules to collect primary data from 349 respondents who participated in the study out of the expected 384 obtained from a target population of 100,000 giving a response rate of 90.89%. The findings shows that the monitoring tools used for students’ attendance are effective (good) and there is a very positive relationship between student attendance and academic performance. The researcher also found that school attendance affects both the students and the school performance. To the students; it leads to poor academic performance, students drop out, graduating half-baked students, poor curriculum coverage and loss of interest in learning whist to the school; it affects the school image, lower the students’ enrollment, transfer of students by parents, wastage of teachers’ and administrators’ time and affects the university/tertiary enrolment. However, the school administration faces challenges of; interruption of lessons, students being hostile/belligerent to teachers, and parents defending their children whilst dealing with absenteeism students. The study also provides the practical and most effective strategies to improve students’ attendance. These staregies include; promoting Zero Tolerance to Students Absenteeism, parental involvement and participation, developing students’ mentoring programmes, improving “rich” student’s programmes, promoting guidance and counseling, promote good communication, reward students with regular attendance, and need to monitor and supervise school attendance. The researcher concludes that, to support students academically in and out of school; administrators, teachers, and families need to have a shared understanding of their children’s learning and work as partners to meet their academic and social-emotional needs.
Keywords: School Attendance, Academic Performance, Excused and Unexcused Absenteeism, Universal Secondary Education
This document provides background information and outlines the research plan to study the relationship between parents' occupations and students' performance. It introduces the topic, presents definitions of key terms, and discusses previous research. The study aims to investigate how factors like parents' occupations, students' classroom functioning, attendance, punctuality, and participation in extracurricular activities are related. It poses research questions and hypotheses to guide the study and discusses the significance and scope of the research.
Influence of Teachers’ Working Conditions on Curbing Examination Malpractices...paperpublications3
Abstract: Examination malpractice has become one of the most serious problem threatening our education system at all levels of learning irrespective of the institution status, level or location. For a long time examinations have witnessed increased and sophisticated incidents of examination malpractices. The problem is so alarming that all stakeholders in the educational systems all over the world have expressed serious concerns about it and need to find solution to it. The purpose of this study was to establish teachers’ working conditions influence on examination malpractices in KCSE examinations in Kisii County selected public secondary schools where the vice has been perennially exhibited. The researcher provided background information on the roles of teachers in examination process and how teacher factors as the independent variables can be manipulated to curb examination malpractices. This study reviewed relevant literature based on the variables guided by the research questions in line with their study objectives. The research analyzed the influence of teachers’ working conditions ,teachers’ roles in the examination process and the challenges teachers are faced with in curbing examination malpractices as dependent variables and illustrated in the conceptual framework and related literature provided. The target population constituted 15 Principals, 15 Deputy Principals, 15Examination Masters and 3 District Examination Officers. Saturated sampling was used to obtain the sample which is equal to the target population. Causal comparative Ex post facto research design was used. Questionnaires and interview schedules which were subjected to expert judgement and pilot tested for validity and reliability were used as research instruments. Statistical analysis was done to generate frequencies and percentages. The study recommended promoting teachers’ morale in terms of remuneration, better working conditions, provision of adequate and relevant educational/ teaching and learning facilities. The study also recommended full implementation of examination regulations and policies without partiality and further research on the role of other stakeholders in curbing examination malpractices.
Influence of Home and School Based Factors on Pupils Academic Performance at ...ijtsrd
"The aim of primary education is to provide education at the basic level of all ongoing primary school pupils. This study was carried out to investigate influence of home and school based factors on pupil's academic performers at Kenya certificate of primary education in Makadara sub county, Nairobi County. The study adopted the ex post facto design which involved the studies that investigate possible causes and effects by observing an existing condition and searching back in time for possible causal factors. It involved testing out possible antecedents of events that had happened and cannot be manipulated by the investigator. The study sampled 240 teachers, 39 Parents Association members and 150 pupils from class 6 and 7. The data collection instruments comprised of questionnaires and interview guide. Data collected was categorized, coded, analyzed then tabulated. The analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS . The analysis was both qualitative and quantitative. Quantitative analysis considered use of frequency counts and distribution, tabulation totals and calculation of percentages aimed at generating the data collected into meaningful groups and frequency tables for further analysis. Qualitative analysis involved the conclusions from the respondents' opinions. The study established that most parents had a college educational level, majority of the teachers were female whereas majority of the students were males. It also established that parental level of income influenced pupils' performance in KCPE at 60 s. Physical facilities and teaching and learning resources were also cited as factors that highly influence performances. The researcher recommended that the parents should provide a conducive learning environment at home to give the pupils ample time and space to study. Parents ought to strive to provide the basic required learning materials that are vital for a good performance in the KCPE exam irrespective of their level of income. The government should endeavor to allocate funds to be used for improving on the existing teaching and learning resources in public primary schools while adding more. The government should allocate enough funds that will enable provision of key physical learning facilities. Prof. Lewis Ngesu | Awuonda Faith Atieno ""Influence of Home and School Based Factors on Pupils Academic Performance at Kenya Certificate of Primary Education in Makadara Sub-County, Nairobi County"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21607.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/21607/influence-of-home-and-school-based-factors-on-pupils-academic-performance-at-kenya-certificate-of-primary-education-in-makadara-sub-county-nairobi-county/prof-lewis-ngesu"
Impact of School Policies on Student Discipline in Fort Portal Municipality, ...Turyamureeba Silaji
This cross-sectional survey investigates the attitudes, opinions, and experiences of teachers,
students, and head teachers regarding school policies' influence on student discipline in Fort
Portal Municipality's secondary schools, Kabalore District. The study's objective is to identify
the effects of school policies, causes of student indiscipline, and the role of school
administration in shaping discipline. A sample size of 210 respondents was selected using
purposive and random sampling techniques. Data collection involved structured
questionnaires and face-to-face interviews, employing both primary and secondary data
sources. Statistical analysis using SPSS and qualitative descriptive analysis revealed
intriguing insights. A comprehensive survey encompassing the distribution of respondents
by sex, marital status, and age bracket was conducted, revealing intriguing demographic
trends. A robust exploration was undertaken to discern the influence of school policies on
student discipline, eliciting responses from diverse stakeholders including teachers, head
teachers, students, PTA members, and Board of Governors. The findings underscore the
significant influence of school policies, with identified factors including Universal secondary
education, Compulsory Science subjects, trained teachers, games and sports, vocational
subjects, and specific registration criteria for academic progression. Moreover, the research
delved into the underlying causes of student indiscipline, highlighting pivotal issues such as
domestic violence, heredity, peer influence, lenient disciplinary measures, dearth of positive
role models, and cultural influences. These insights underline the complex interplay of
societal factors impacting student conduct. Additionally, the study expounded on the effects
of school administration strategies on student discipline, emphasizing the critical role
played by rule-setting, guidance and counseling, supervision, parental involvement,
sensitization programs, and robust administrative structures in fostering a disciplined
academic environment. The comprehensive analysis of these diverse dimensions unveils the
intricate landscape influencing student behavior in secondary schools, suggesting the need
for nuanced policy interventions and administrative strategies to cultivate a conducive
environment for positive student conduct and academic excellence.
Keywords: School policies, student discipline, secondary schools, cross-sectional survey,
attitudes, causes of indiscipline, school administration
A Survey Of Causes And Management Of Teacher’s Behaviour Problems Among Headt...ResearchWap
ABSTRACT
This research study attempted to identify ways in which behavioural problems manifest themselves among head teachers in primary schools in Ilorin West Local Government Area of Kwara State.
It also attempted to find the causes and management or control such indiscipline behaviours and made recommendations for their management. The necessary data for the research study were collected through the use of a questionnaire. One hundred teachers were randomly selected for the study. Chi-square statistical procedure was used to analyse the data.
The result showed that the teachers surveyed shared the same view with regards to age, sex and home background as responsible for behavioural problems. Respondents also shared the same opinion with regard to the various ways or methods that can be used to control or manage indiscipline, and behaviours in primary schools.
On the basis of the findings, recommendations were made that guidance and counselling services should be organized, seminars and conferences to emphasise more indiscipline behaviours in the schools.
This document discusses factors that influence secondary school academic program planning, including family academic preference, teacher quality standards, and student personal interest. It reports on a study that examined the influence of these three factors on academic program planning in secondary schools in Nigeria. The study found that family academic preference, teacher quality standards, and student personal interest all have a measurable influence on secondary school academic program planning in the region studied.
Interpersonal relation and its effect on teaching and learning Alexander Decker
The document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of interpersonal relationships on the teaching and learning process. 100 students from two schools in Ranikhet, India were surveyed using a questionnaire measuring interpersonal relationships between students, teachers, and principals. Statistical analysis found a positive moderate correlation between various interpersonal relationships and teaching/learning, indicating interpersonal interactions can positively impact the educational process. The relationships found to most influence teaching/learning were student-teacher, student-student, and teacher-principal relationships.
EFFECT OF CHILD ABUSE ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENT...ResearchWap
ABSTRACT
This project work focuses on the effects of child abuse on students’ academic performance. The study attempts to unravel the causes, effects and remedies to child abuse among secondary school students. It was carried out in Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State. A sample of 100 was randomly drawn from selected secondary schools in the local government and questionnaires were administered to the respondents. The mean percentage test, which was adopted in the study’s analysis, indicated that excessive battering of a child by parents/teacher/guidance; broken homes, child hawking before and after school and an unconducive learning environment are all causes of child abuse. Also, it was found that child abuse negatively affects a child’s school performance; such abused children are vulnerable to early pregnancy. Ill-treatment as well causes permanent and lifelong trauma, thereby making children develop low cognition of school subjects. The preaching of good morals by religious leaders to parents and guardians is part of the recommendations made in this study. Also, melting out punishment in form of fines on erring parents/guidance especially those forcing their children to hawk, and prevention from bad peer influence will help eliminate or reduce to the barest minimum the incidence of child abuse among secondary school students.
Promising Practices in Transitions Programming:
-Academic Considerations
-Developmental Considerations
-Systemic and Institutional Considerations
-Promising Practices within a Social Justice Framework
This document summarizes a study on the effectiveness of positive reinforcement approaches used by school principals to manage student discipline in public secondary schools in Migori County, Kenya. The study found that positive behavior reinforcement was very effective in managing student discipline, with a mean effectiveness rating of 3.51. However, the study also noted that solely using praise may not always be effective, as older students may see it as a negative punishment rather than positive reinforcement if it singles them out in front of peers. While positive reinforcement can be effective, its impact may lessen when rewards are withdrawn, so it needs to be used alongside other disciplinary approaches. The study aims to provide insights into how positive behavior reinforcement can most effectively be utilized by educational administrators and
The influence of parents’ socio-economic status on students’ academic perform...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR).The Journal provides a common forum where all aspects of humanities and social sciences are presented. IOSR-JHSS publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes etc.
Communicating Community Environment of Junior High School Students in the Fir...ijtsrd
The study investigates the community environment, particularly the learning and social communities of junior high school students in the first congressional district of Northern Samar, Philippines. The research design employed descriptive research. The sample consisted of 388 junior high school students enrolled during the Academic Year 2019 2020. The research findings revealed that while the learning community was moderately favorable, the social community was highly favorable. To sum up, the community environment was moderately favorable. It was also indicated that a communication task force should be instituted in schools. In the same manner, the schools should forge for sustainable school students community relations. Veronica A. Piczon | Leah A. De Asis | Brenfred N. Romero "Communicating Community Environment of Junior High School Students in the First Congressional District of Northern Samar, Philippines: Inputs to School-Students-Community Relations" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49272.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/49272/communicating-community-environment-of-junior-high-school-students-in-the-first-congressional-district-of-northern-samar-philippines-inputs-to-schoolstudentscommunity-relations/veronica-a-piczon
The role of school board, school heads and parent teachers association in the...Alexander Decker
This document discusses the role of school boards, school heads, and parent-teacher associations in the effective management of public schools in Nigeria. It presents results from a study that examined the relationship between these groups and school management operations. The key findings were:
1) The role of school boards was found to have no significant relationship with school management systems.
2) The controlling functions of school heads were found to have a significant relationship with school management systems.
3) School heads were found to have no relationship with the management systems of secondary schools.
4) Parent-teacher associations were found to have a significant influence on school management operations.
Home Environment and Academic Performance of Junior High School Students in t...ijtsrd
The study focused on the home environment that affects academic performance of the junior high school students. This was conducted among junior high school students in the first District of Northern Samar. This was conducted within the third quarter of the school year 2018 2019. Findings showed that more than one half of the parents have no time in helping their children in their academic activities. In terms of family income, majority of the students belong to the families whose income is less than Php10,000. In terms of the school environment, results showed that students find it not supportive to their learning. The time devoted by the mother and father to their children, the number of siblings, peer behaviour and teacher behaviour significantly correlated student’s academic performance. The findings of this study will serve as an input in improving the learning environment of the students to improve their academic performance. Melagrosa U. Saludaga-de Asis "Home Environment and Academic Performance of Junior High School Students in the First District of Northern Samar" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47957.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/47957/home-environment-and-academic-performance-of-junior-high-school-students-in-the-first-district-of-northern-samar/melagrosa-u-saludagade-asis
Similar to [8 13]indiscipline among the female secondary school students in selected rural communities of rivers state in nigeria (20)
Abnormalities of hormones and inflammatory cytokines in women affected with p...Alexander Decker
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have elevated levels of hormones like luteinizing hormone and testosterone, as well as higher levels of insulin and insulin resistance compared to healthy women. They also have increased levels of inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and leptin. This study found these abnormalities in the hormones and inflammatory cytokines of women with PCOS ages 23-40, indicating that hormone imbalances associated with insulin resistance and elevated inflammatory markers may worsen infertility in women with PCOS.
A usability evaluation framework for b2 c e commerce websitesAlexander Decker
This document presents a framework for evaluating the usability of B2C e-commerce websites. It involves user testing methods like usability testing and interviews to identify usability problems in areas like navigation, design, purchasing processes, and customer service. The framework specifies goals for the evaluation, determines which website aspects to evaluate, and identifies target users. It then describes collecting data through user testing and analyzing the results to identify usability problems and suggest improvements.
A universal model for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document discusses a study that aimed to synthesize motivation theories into a universal model for managing marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study was guided by Maslow and McGregor's theories. A sample of 303 marketing executives was used. The results showed that managers will be most effective at motivating marketing executives if they consider individual needs and create challenging but attainable goals. The emerged model suggests managers should provide job satisfaction by tailoring assignments to abilities and monitoring performance with feedback. This addresses confusion faced by Nigerian bank managers in determining effective motivation strategies.
A unique common fixed point theorems in generalized dAlexander Decker
This document presents definitions and properties related to generalized D*-metric spaces and establishes some common fixed point theorems for contractive type mappings in these spaces. It begins by introducing D*-metric spaces and generalized D*-metric spaces, defines concepts like convergence and Cauchy sequences. It presents lemmas showing the uniqueness of limits in these spaces and the equivalence of different definitions of convergence. The goal of the paper is then stated as obtaining a unique common fixed point theorem for generalized D*-metric spaces.
A trends of salmonella and antibiotic resistanceAlexander Decker
This document provides a review of trends in Salmonella and antibiotic resistance. It begins with an introduction to Salmonella as a facultative anaerobe that causes nontyphoidal salmonellosis. The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella is then discussed. The document proceeds to cover the historical perspective and classification of Salmonella, definitions of antimicrobials and antibiotic resistance, and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella including modification or destruction of antimicrobial agents, efflux pumps, modification of antibiotic targets, and decreased membrane permeability. Specific resistance mechanisms are discussed for several classes of antimicrobials.
A transformational generative approach towards understanding al-istifhamAlexander Decker
This document discusses a transformational-generative approach to understanding Al-Istifham, which refers to interrogative sentences in Arabic. It begins with an introduction to the origin and development of Arabic grammar. The paper then explains the theoretical framework of transformational-generative grammar that is used. Basic linguistic concepts and terms related to Arabic grammar are defined. The document analyzes how interrogative sentences in Arabic can be derived and transformed via tools from transformational-generative grammar, categorizing Al-Istifham into linguistic and literary questions.
A time series analysis of the determinants of savings in namibiaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the determinants of savings in Namibia from 1991 to 2012. It reviews previous literature on savings determinants in developing countries. The study uses time series analysis including unit root tests, cointegration, and error correction models to analyze the relationship between savings and variables like income, inflation, population growth, deposit rates, and financial deepening in Namibia. The results found inflation and income have a positive impact on savings, while population growth negatively impacts savings. Deposit rates and financial deepening were found to have no significant impact. The study reinforces previous work and emphasizes the importance of improving income levels to achieve higher savings rates in Namibia.
A therapy for physical and mental fitness of school childrenAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the importance of exercise in maintaining physical and mental fitness for school children. It discusses how physical and mental fitness are developed through participation in regular physical exercises and cannot be achieved solely through classroom learning. The document outlines different types and components of fitness and argues that developing fitness should be a key objective of education systems. It recommends that schools ensure pupils engage in graded physical activities and exercises to support their overall development.
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[8 13]indiscipline among the female secondary school students in selected rural communities of rivers state in nigeria
1. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 1, No 1, 2010
Indiscipline Among the Female Secondary School Students in
Selected Rural Communities of Rivers State in Nigeria :
Causes and Effects on Academic Performance
Sarumi Abidoye, Ph.D1 & Okoji Olufemi Onweazu2
1. Department of Adult Education, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan,
Nigeria. +23457239075
2. Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Education, Lead City University,
Nigeria +23452610898.
E-mail of the corresponding author : * femiokoji2008@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
The study examined the causes and effects of indiscipline on academic performance of female secondary
school students in Rivers State of Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted using
questionnaire as the main instrument. 225respondents were randomly selected from four communities in
two local Governments in Rivers State. The hypotheses raised were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The
results revealed that there is a significant effect of peer group on indiscipline (X2C
=47.0,X2T=3.841,df=1,P<.05),there is significant effect of secondary schools administrative policy on
indiscipline ( X2C=63.0,X2 TT=3.841,df=1,p<.05), there is significant effect of parental influence on
indiscipline(X2C=58.6, X2T=3.841, df=1, p<.05). Based on the findings, it was recommended among other
things, that parents should give their children proper upbringing, teachers should be committed to their
duties and be upright as students look up to them as a role model
Key Words: Achievement ,indiscipline, academic performance, discipline, rural communities .
Introduction to the Study
The School is a social unit established by members of the society as a formal agency of education where
people learn about the custom, attitudes and ways of doing things in their society. Laolu (2005) defined
School in sociological context as the place where the culture of the people is transformed from one
generation to another. Members of the wider society, including the operators of the educational system are
governed by norms and laws that direct the affairs of an individual member. Such laws, according to
Asaolu (2007), are meant to compel the entire members of the society to exhibit character that will conform
to the societal laws and order. In order to ensure peaceful co-existence in schools, the authorities often
make rules and regulations that guide and control the behavior of their students with a view of setting high
standards of discipline conducive to the education process. Akinpelu (1981) asserted that the infringement
by any student on such established School rules and regulation constitute offences which are subject to
appropriate retributive punishment.
Indiscipline, to a novice is the opposite of discipline, but in a comprehensive form, indiscipline
refers to improper behavior exhibit by an individual or group of people within the School or community.
Olusegun (2005) defined indiscipline as the improper training of the mind and body which can produce
desired control necessary for an individual to perform the positive roles required for the achievement of
organization or community goals and aspirations. Johnson (2010) pointed out that indiscipline manifests in
various ways such as disorderliness, smoking, examination malpractices, bullying, disobedience stealing
and dishonesty.
1.2 Factors that Promote Indiscipline among Female Secondary School Students
Amaele ( 2007) pointed out the following factors that promote indiscipline among the Secondary
School students in rural communities in Nigeria;
The teacher, like any other civil servants in Nigeria, is poorly paid and treated. To be able to make
little improvement in his income, he has to run after some other money – earning ventures. This means that
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2. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 1, No 1, 2010
he will no longer be fully dedicated and committed to official duties. Such unethical behaviors like
lateness, absenteeism, truancy, among others, which he would have taught otherwise by example, will
appear real in the School. The poor conditions of service equally expose teachers to the point of demanding
and receiving money from students and their parents. This situation equally exposes teachers to the point of
demanding and receiving money from students and their parents. This situation equally makes them to
engage in examination malpractice and other anti-social behaviors in Schools
Another important factor which makes it difficult for Nigerian schools to inculcate discipline
among the students most especially in rural communities is the day school system. Some of the students
come from homes that are bundles of indiscipline. Apart from this, where an under-aged student leaves
home in the morning for a journey of about thirty kilometers or more, this may encourage truancy and
lateness. Some students also use the transition from home to school every day to cause different acts of
immorality. Furthermore, Nigerian schools today place much emphasis on paper qualification.
In fact, our school system is academic bias. The teacher’s goal is to make his or her pupils
acquire the necessary credits. Sometimes, teachers’ promotions are determined by the academic excellence
of their students. Amaele (2007) asserted that in Rivers State for instance, there was the policy between
1988 and 1991 by the Post Primary School’s Board to promote teachers based on the performance of their
students in junior and senior secondary school certificate examinations. This policy, indeed, increased
teacher’s participation in examination malpractice, since every teacher wanted promotions and the only
evidence of efficient and effective teaching, by that arrangement, was the level of passes in the
examinations and so teachers became very much involved in examination malpractice.
Again, Ezewu (1995) opined that most homes lack sound moral environments. Like the teacher,
parents ought to live exemplary life for their children and wards to emulate. What examples will a father
who leaves home every day and returns drunk leave for his children? How can a father or mother who does
not keep to matrimonial chastity advice his or her children advise his or her children against sexual abuse?
The above is the home environment where most of pupils, scholars and students come from and yet we
want the School to work magic.
Ridiculously, our different religious groups today preach religious dichotomy, violence, hatred,
fanaticism, false propaganda and similar other vices. These vices are not even witnessed between one
religious body another like Muslims and Christians but among one religious group Ezewu (1995) pointed
out that among the Christians for instance, there is the doctrinal conflict, leadership tussle, procedural
conflict, among others. These things break the same body into little bodies. Consequently, these break,
make unity impossible among brethren. This experience is not limited to the Christian bodies alone. It is
also the case with the Muslims and the Traditionalists.
Indeed, the dichotomies initiated by the different religious bodies in Nigeria have helped in
fuelling ethnic sentiments, inequalities or imbalances in power and economic sharing as well as general
indiscipline in the country
On the other hand, Jackson (2007) asserted that discipline involves self-respect, control and self-
restraints against immoral behavior. This behavior is guided by moral and social norms which impel such
individual to do what is good at all times. Johnson (2010) opined that at the school level, discipline is
defined as the ability of the students and the teachers to obey School rules and regulations necessary for the
smooth running of teaching – learning process.
At the school level, Johnson (2010) pointed out the following as the factors that influence the
standard of discipline in the school environment
• Involvement of dedicated teachers with appropriate technical skill
• Enforcement of School rules and regulations that guide against immoral behavior.
• Teaching of moral and religious education to rekindle moral values in students.
• Principals and teachers should serve as a role model to the students
Even though the literature on indiscipline among the youth and adult in Nigeria
is very vast and rich, it became clear that most of these have been written outside of the mainstream of the
causes and effect of indiscipline on academic performance of students in rural communities. Thus this
research work will fill this gap.
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3. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 1, No 1, 2010
20 Methodology
2.1 Research Design
The study adopted descriptive survey research design of ex post facto. The independent variables
cannot be manipulated because the variables had occurred. This research design was adopted for the study
because most of the secondary school students are highly undisciplined, thus the variables cannot be
manipulated.
2.2 Sample Procedure and Sample Size
The sample for the study comprised of 225 respondents which were chosen from two local
government of Rivers State and these are Ndoni and Okrika Local Government. Simple random sampling
technique was used to select the respondents from the following communities; Okarioma, Eginta, Ibewa
and Erema. The respondents comprised the parents of the secondary school students, secondary school
teachers in these local governments and the principals of various schools chosen.
2.3 Research Instrument
The research instrument used for the study is a questionnaire tagged Indiscipline in Secondary
Schools (ISS). The questionnaire was in two sections. Section A comprised of demographic information of
the respondents. Section B with twenty (20) items gathered responses on the causes and effect of
indiscipline on academic performance.
Data Analysis
The Chi square was used as a statistical tool for analysis of data for the study. The hypotheses
were tested at 0.05 level of significant.
Hypothesis One
Peer group influence has no significant effect on indiscipline among the female secondary school
students in rural communities of Rivers State
Opinion F0 Fe Fo – fe (Fo – fe)2 ( fo – fe)2
Fe
YES 164 112.5 51.5 2652.25 23.5
23.5
NO 61 112.5 -51.5 2652.25
47.0
∑(fo-fe)2
Fe
X2 calculated = 47.0
X2 Tabulated = - 3.841
Degree of frequency ( nr – 1) = ( 2 – 1) = 1
Level of significant 0.05
Inferences: Chi square calculated is higher than chi square tabulated 47.0 > 3.541. Thus the alternative
hypothesis was not rejected. This indicates that there is significant effect of peer group influence on
indiscipline among the female secondary school students in rural communities of Rivers State.
Hypothesis Two
Secondary schools administrative policy has no significant effect on indiscipline among the
female secondary school students in rural communities of River State.
Table 2
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4. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 1, No 1, 2010
Opinion Fo Fe fo – fe (fo – fe)2 (f o – fe)2
Fe
Yes 172 112.5 59.5 3540.25 31.5
No 53 112.5 - 59.5 3540.25 31.5
63 . 0
X2 calculated = 63.0
X2 Tabulated = – 3.841
Degree of freedom = ( nr -1) = ( 2 – 1) = 1
Level of significance = 0.05
Inferences: Since chi square calculated is more than the chi square tabulated (63.0 > 3.841), we
reject the research hypothesis and uphold the alternative hypothesis. Thus there is significant effect of
administrative policy of the school on indiscipline among the female secondary school in rural
communities in Rivers State.
Hypothesis Three
Parental control of children has no significant effect on indiscipline among the female secondary school
students in rural communities of Rivers State.
Table 3
Opinion Fo Fe fo – fe (fo – fe)2 (fo – fe)2
fe
YES 170 112.5 57.5 3306.25 29.3
NO 55 112.5 -57.5 3306.25 29.3
58.6
X2 Calculated = 58.6
X2 Tabulated = - 3.841
Degree of freedom = (nr – 1) = ( 2 – 1) = 1
Level of significance = 0.05
Inferences: Since chi-square calculated is higher than chi square tabulated (58.6 > 3.841), we
reject the research hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. Thus, this indicates that there is
significant effect of parental control of children on indiscipline among the secondary school students in
rural communities of Rivers State of Nigeria.
3.1 Discussion of Findings
It was confirmed from the data analyzed above that peer group influence, either at home or
schools, play a vital role in shaping the life pattern of the individual learner. The finding correlates with the
opinion of (Egunjobi 2005) that the negative influence of peer group on the female secondary school
students was higher than the positive aspect of it. Peer group influence affects the good foundations laid in
the home as a result of the desire of the female students to copy negative character of their colleagues in
their schools. Oladeji (2010) pointed out that members of secret cults even at secondary school level were
found to be a mixture of students from the rich and poor family, this is traceable to the effect of peer group.
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5. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 1, No 1, 2010
Type of school administration as an important tool in the determination of the level of indiscipline
in school also formed the focus of studies carried out by Popoola (2010). He asserted that the more
democratic the school administrator is, the more discipline the students of such School will be. He pointed
out further that student democracy at that level of education could be enhanced if the school authority
constitutes effective Students’ Representative Council (SRC). If the students are encouraged to participate
in decision making that affects their welfare, they will obey the rules and regulations of the school and
through this they will be more discipline.
The finding tallies with the assertion of (Ajila and Olutola, 2007) that home has a great influence
on the students’ psychological, emotional, social and economic state. The state of the home affects the
individual since the parents are the first socializing agents in an individual’s life, this assertion is traceable
to the fact that the family background and context of a child affect his reaction to life situations and his
level of performance. Although the school is responsible for the experiences that make up the individual’s
life during school periods, yet parents and the individual’s experiences at home play tremendous role in the
moral and academic performance of their children.
Furthermore, parents have important role to play in curbing indiscipline among the female
secondary school students. Aderoju (2004) traced a very vital role of the parents which can be achieved
between the school and the home. In his findings, he asserted that the notorious students came from homes
where parents do not care about what goes in the school. He pointed out further that once a student knows
that an impromptu visit can be made on him by the parents, such a student will be very careful and this will
help them to be more disciplined.
3.2 Conclusion
It was revealed through the study that most parents are no longer concerned with the moral and
academic performances of their children, as they give more time to their businesses than they do to the
moral training of their children. The absence of this home training affects, to greater extent, the moral and
academic achievement of their children.
The study revealed further that school supervision is one of the most essential ingredients of our
school system that has suffered the worst neglect. This neglect has caused our education a lot of moral,
intellectual, psychological, social and economic derogations
3.3 Recommendations
The following recommendations were offered to the stakeholders in the educational sector on how
to avert indiscipline among female students in our secondary schools.
1. There should be prompt and adequate use of rewards for hardworking teachers and students as
well as punishment for defaulting ones. Teachers and students who are not committed, even after
warning should be expelled from the school.
2. Series of regular programmes like seminar, workshops, in-service training and others should be
organized to update teachers knowledge as well as guiding both teachers’ and students’ behavior
in schools
3. If parents spend time with their children, before and after school periods, the children moral
upbringing and academic performance will be harmonized and strengthened.
REFERENCES
Adeogun, P.O (2001) The Nigerian Education Today, Lagos: Thomas Nelson Publishers, Nigeria.
Aderoju, T.A ( 2004) Indiscipline in Nigerian schools : A comprehensive study of its effects on students.
Atoro
Press, Ilorin.
Ajila and Olutola (2007) The Effects of Family Structure and Parenthood on the Academic Performance of
Nigerian University Students. International Journal of Psychology in Africa Vol 12 (2) pp 120 –
129.
Akinpelu, J.A (1981). An introduction to Philosophy of Education, London Macmillan.
Asaolu, K.M (2007) Examination Malpractices in schools: New Trends in Education, London: George
Allen
Press.
Amaele, S (2007) Moral Values in Nigerian Education : Issues, Problems and Prospects. Bounty Press.
Egunjobi, O.T (2005) Western Education and the effect on African culture. Evans Book Publishers.
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6. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 1, No 1, 2010
Ezewu, E.E ( 1995) ‘Towards a Political Philosophy of Education’. A keynote Address to the 13th Annual
Conference of the Philosophy of Education Association of Nigeria, University of Port Harcourt.
Jackson, O.F ( 2007) Discipline of students in schools. Onitsha PEP Publishers.
Johnson, H.B (2009) The Effect of Indiscipline on the Achievement of Secondary School Goals. An
unpublished M. Ed project submitted to the Department of Educational Management, Lead City
University, Ibadan Nigeria.
Laolu, A.M (2005) Administration of Public Schools in Nigeria. New York, Harper & Row Publishers .
Oladeji, G.O (2010) Examination Malpractice, Effects and Remedies in Nigeria. Atoro Press, Lagos.
Olusegun, R.O (2005) Brief Survey of Indiscipline in Schools, Ibadan. Heinemman Books (Chapter 2).
Popoola T. (2010) Moral Decadence inhibits development in Nigeria Tribune August 12,
2010 pp 10 -13
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