This document discusses community attitudes toward adults with intellectual disabilities. It finds that negative attitudes pose major barriers to their education, employment, housing, health, and social networks. Teachers, employers, and neighbors sometimes lack awareness or have discomfort around inclusion. However, awareness training and social contact programs can help improve attitudes. Changing attitudes requires a multidimensional approach including information, education, positive portrayal, and supported opportunities for interaction and inclusion.

1. PRESENTED BY
REMYA. U
II- B.Ed- M.Ed
INTELLECTUAL
DISABILITY

2. UNIT 4
Disability Issues Community
SUB UNIT
4.1 - Attitude of Community
towards Adults with ID

3. INTRODUCTION
There is a growing body of evidence to
indicate that person with disability are more
likely than person without disability to
experience the attitudes of others as a
major barrier to education, leisure,
transport, access to public services, social
contact and accessibility outside the home.

4. Continues…
Understanding the prevalence of
positive and negative attitudes
and which groups of people hold
them is crucial if we want to
understand how to improve
community attitudes.

5. MEANING OF ATTITUDE
ATTITUDE
complex
collection of
beliefs
feelings, values
and disposition
characterise by the way
we think or feel on
people or
situations.

8. COMMUNITY ATTITUDES IN
RELATION TO EDUCATION,
EMPLYMENT, HOUSING,
HEALTH & SOCIAL NETWORKS

9. COMMUNITY ATTITUDES IN
RELATION TO EDUCATION

10. It has found that negative attitudes among both
teachers and student peers constitute a barrier to
inclusive education even at the higher level of
education.
Special training for teachers helps to combat these
negative attitudes. Some teachers are reluctant to
include students with intellectual disability in their
classrooms, while others are in favour of including
students with disability but need training and support.

11. COMMUNITY ATTITUDES IN
RELATION TO EMPLYMENT

12.  Negative attitudes and misconceptions among employers
prove an important barrier to inclusion, as does the general
tendency in society to equate social recognition with paid
employment.
 Many employers feel ill-prepared to employ adults with
intellectual disability, although they are more
ready to support current employees who acquire a disability.

13. COMMUNITY ATTITUDES IN
RELATION TO
HOUSING

14. Regarding housing, the attitudes of
staff in supported accommodation
and of neighbours living close to
supported housing can influence the
extent to which adults with
intellectual disability participate in
the community, rather than simply
being physically present.

15. COMMUNITY ATTITUDES IN
RELATION TO
HEALTH

16. In the area of health negative
attitudes can make Adults with ID
access to treatment, preventive
screening and health promotion
difficult. Health professionals
sometimes lack training and
awareness about disability; for
example, they may be in disability
condition regarding awareness.

17. COMMUNITY ATTITUDES IN
RELATION TO
SOCIAL NETWORKS

18. In the case of social
networks social inclusion
in the community
requires active support
to establish and maintain
connections with family,
friends, and community
members of AWID.

19. A myth of community:
AWID are to be major
barrier to education,
leisure, transport,
access to public
services and social
contact

20. 3 KINDS OF
ATTITUDES OF AWID
AWARENESS
LACK OF
AWARENESS
DISCOMFORT

21. MEDICAL AND SOCIAL
MODEL THINKINGSL.NO MEDICAL MODEL OF DISABILITY SOCIAL MODEL OF DISABILITY
1. Adult with intellectual disability
is faulty
Adult with intellectual disability
is valued
2. Diagnosis Strengths and needs are
defined by self and not others
3. Labelling Identify barriers and develop
solutions

22. 4. Impairment becomes focus of
attention
Outcome- based programme
design
5. Assessment, monitoring
programmes therapy imposed
Resources are made available to
ordinary services
6. Segregation and alternative
services
Training for parents and
professionals
CONTINUES…

23. 7. Ordinary needs put on
hold
Relationships nurtured
8. Re-entry if normal
enough OR permanent
exclusion
Diversity welcomed,
adults with intellectual
disability are included
9. Society remains Society evolves
CONTINUES…

24. NEGATIVE ATTITUDE OF ADULTS WITH
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY ON THE
COMMUNITY
Affective
component
(feelings—what one
feels)Cognitive
component
(beliefs—what one
thinks)Behavioural
component (actual
actions—what one
does)

25. Continue...
The major sources of negative attitudes toward
adults with ID were summarized by Livneh (1982,
1987) as follows:
Socio-cultural
• Gives
importanc
e to
Anxiety-provoking
• Ambiguous &
unfamiliar
situations
• Incongruent
Minority group comparitability
• Prejudices
,
stereotypi

26. REASON OF NEGATIVE
ATTITUDE OF ADULTS
WITH INTELLECTUAL
DISABILITY ON THE
COMMUNITY

28. GUIDING PRINCIPLES AT VARIOUS LEVELSGUIDINGPRINCIPLES
Person
al
GUIDINGPRINCIPLES
Organizati
onal
TowardsInclusion
Commu
nity &
Employ
ers
Attitud
e

29. Elements involve: information,
education, training, positive portrayal
and supported opportunities for contact.
4 Common Methods: awareness
campaigns, awareness training, social
contact programs and positive portrayal
of adults with intellectual disability in
the public media and the arts.
Personal-level Guiding Principles

30. Life Domains
Employment
Domains
Health Domains
Organisational-stage Guiding Principles

31. Community attitudes
toward inclusion of adults
with intellectual disabilities
are generally positive, but
tend to be paternalistic.
Due to the common
perceptions that AWID are
unpredictable and
Employer attitudes
toward inclusion

32. The positive effect of
contact is more likely
when the person with a
disability is perceived
by the audience as
credible and relatable,
and of equal or higher
status to themselves.
AWID are also often
CONTINUE
S…

33. Socio-demographic
characteristics are also
associated with more
positive or negative
attitudes toward inclusion of
adults with intellectual
disabilities. More negative
attitudes tend to be held by
CONTINUE
S…

34. Employer attitudes toward
inclusion

35. SOCIAL INCLUSION
 As Cobigo et al observed, social
inclusion is a product of complex
interactions between environmental
factors and the opportunities and
personal competencies of an individual.

36. Continues…
Two-way process social inclusion of adults
with ID should involve all stakeholders,
including Adults with ID themselves and the
general community.
Adults with ID should also be involved in
all initiatives aimed at improving their
inclusion into the community through greater
self-determination.

37. ★ Stigmatisation
★ Discrimination and
★ Rejection
SOCIAL EXCLUSION

39. Finally, corrective services were included in the community because it
suggests that adults with intellectual are over-represented among the
prison population. The extent to which this over-representation is an
outcome of negative attitudes is unknown. Changing community
attitudes towards adults with intellectual disability requires
complementary methods, including information and extended personal
contact.
CONCLUSION