This document describes a water softening device that uses ion exchange to soften water from mains before it reaches domestic or industrial premises. It contains a cartridge holding the ion exchange medium that is detachably mounted to a frame. The frame can be fixed to a wall. Water enters the bottom of the cartridge, passes through the ion exchange medium, and exits the top, now softened. The cartridge design makes the water softener inexpensive enough to use with water heaters.
This document describes British patent GB785438 (A) for improvements in heat exchangers. It discloses a rotary regenerative heat exchanger with an annular matrix containing radially arranged, sector-shaped ducts. Heat transfer elements extend diagonally across each duct and are located behind enlarged sealing flanges at the duct ends to maximize cross-sectional flow area. The radial duct walls and complementary sealing members provide maximum sealing area between the drum faces without decreasing fluid flow area.
This document describes improvements to a fluid mixing device that maintains the temperature of a fluid mixture. The device comprises an adjustable valve with a hollow liner and rotatable sleeve that have radial ports to supply and mix two fluid streams. The sleeve is rotated by a thermally sensitive unit to control the proportions of the streams and maintain the mixture at a predetermined temperature. The valve can be dismantled without damaging the unit and ensures correct reassembly. The device provides close temperature control even at low flow rates in an economical and compact design.
This document describes patent GB785273 for a holder for electronic devices like thermionic valves that have projecting terminal prongs. The holder has insulating material with contacts mounted on it. Each contact has a terminal portion extending beyond the body of the holder and formed with an attaching portion at the outer end. The attaching portion includes a resilient reverse-bend end portion adapted to be inserted into apertures in a supporting panel to electrically connect to circuits on the panel. The holder allows for easy assembly and connection of electronic devices to circuits printed on a supporting panel.
This document summarizes a patent application for improvements to cooling sintered and loose solid materials using an apparatus of overlapping trays carried by an endless chain. The trays have perforated surfaces (grates) above the bottom for supporting material, and air conduits below the grates with exit apertures for supplying cooling air. Compartments between the conduits and grates collect material that falls through the perforations. Diagrams show the construction and modifications of the trays, grates, and air conduits.
This document summarizes a patent application for improvements to cooling sintered and loose solid materials using an apparatus of overlapping trays carried by an endless chain. The trays have perforated surfaces for supporting material and conduits below for flowing a cooling gas. The conduits have lateral openings to allow gas to enter compartments below the perforated surfaces, where collected material can be cooled without falling through the tray bottoms. Diagrams show variations of the conduit and perforated surface configurations within the trays.
This patent document describes improvements to bolting means where one side of a joint is inaccessible during assembly. It involves using setscrews with eccentric heads that can be inserted into holes and rotated so the heads are trapped in grooves, preventing withdrawal from the holes. Nuts are then tightened on the setscrews to clamp parts together at the joint. The invention avoids using studs and reduces weight and manufacturing costs compared to prior bolting methods for inaccessible joints.
This patent document describes improvements to shaft bearings that provide lubrication regardless of motor position or rotation direction. The bearing features a journal sleeve and thrust members, with annular wicks that absorb lubricant and preload the thrust surfaces to prevent noise. Helical grooves in the shaft pump lubricant between the wicks to lubricate the journal and thrust surfaces, with means to return excess lubricant to ensure adequate supply in any conditions.
This patent document describes improvements to shaft bearings that provide lubrication regardless of motor position or rotation direction. The bearing features a journal sleeve and thrust members, with annular wicks that absorb lubricant and preload the thrust surfaces to prevent noise. Helical grooves in the shaft pump lubricant between the wicks to lubricate the journal and thrust surfaces, with means to return excess lubricant to ensure adequate supply in any conditions.
This document describes British patent GB785438 (A) for improvements in heat exchangers. It discloses a rotary regenerative heat exchanger with an annular matrix containing radially arranged, sector-shaped ducts. Heat transfer elements extend diagonally across each duct and are located behind enlarged sealing flanges at the duct ends to maximize cross-sectional flow area. The radial duct walls and complementary sealing members provide maximum sealing area between the drum faces without decreasing fluid flow area.
This document describes improvements to a fluid mixing device that maintains the temperature of a fluid mixture. The device comprises an adjustable valve with a hollow liner and rotatable sleeve that have radial ports to supply and mix two fluid streams. The sleeve is rotated by a thermally sensitive unit to control the proportions of the streams and maintain the mixture at a predetermined temperature. The valve can be dismantled without damaging the unit and ensures correct reassembly. The device provides close temperature control even at low flow rates in an economical and compact design.
This document describes patent GB785273 for a holder for electronic devices like thermionic valves that have projecting terminal prongs. The holder has insulating material with contacts mounted on it. Each contact has a terminal portion extending beyond the body of the holder and formed with an attaching portion at the outer end. The attaching portion includes a resilient reverse-bend end portion adapted to be inserted into apertures in a supporting panel to electrically connect to circuits on the panel. The holder allows for easy assembly and connection of electronic devices to circuits printed on a supporting panel.
This document summarizes a patent application for improvements to cooling sintered and loose solid materials using an apparatus of overlapping trays carried by an endless chain. The trays have perforated surfaces (grates) above the bottom for supporting material, and air conduits below the grates with exit apertures for supplying cooling air. Compartments between the conduits and grates collect material that falls through the perforations. Diagrams show the construction and modifications of the trays, grates, and air conduits.
This document summarizes a patent application for improvements to cooling sintered and loose solid materials using an apparatus of overlapping trays carried by an endless chain. The trays have perforated surfaces for supporting material and conduits below for flowing a cooling gas. The conduits have lateral openings to allow gas to enter compartments below the perforated surfaces, where collected material can be cooled without falling through the tray bottoms. Diagrams show variations of the conduit and perforated surface configurations within the trays.
This patent document describes improvements to bolting means where one side of a joint is inaccessible during assembly. It involves using setscrews with eccentric heads that can be inserted into holes and rotated so the heads are trapped in grooves, preventing withdrawal from the holes. Nuts are then tightened on the setscrews to clamp parts together at the joint. The invention avoids using studs and reduces weight and manufacturing costs compared to prior bolting methods for inaccessible joints.
This patent document describes improvements to shaft bearings that provide lubrication regardless of motor position or rotation direction. The bearing features a journal sleeve and thrust members, with annular wicks that absorb lubricant and preload the thrust surfaces to prevent noise. Helical grooves in the shaft pump lubricant between the wicks to lubricate the journal and thrust surfaces, with means to return excess lubricant to ensure adequate supply in any conditions.
This patent document describes improvements to shaft bearings that provide lubrication regardless of motor position or rotation direction. The bearing features a journal sleeve and thrust members, with annular wicks that absorb lubricant and preload the thrust surfaces to prevent noise. Helical grooves in the shaft pump lubricant between the wicks to lubricate the journal and thrust surfaces, with means to return excess lubricant to ensure adequate supply in any conditions.
The document describes two embodiments of a mechanical gland seal for preventing liquid leakage along rotor shafts of rotary pumps. The first embodiment uses a spring bellows to apply pressure to a carbon ring, sealing it against the shaft flange. An O-ring additionally seals the interior from the exterior of the housing. The second embodiment uses a spring-loaded header ring compressing an H-section seal between the header and a carrier holding the carbon ring, sealing both the interior and along the shaft flange.
This document describes improvements to thrust bearing arrangements that can distribute load between individual bearings or groups of bearings. It discloses using wedge surfaces on thrust members that engage with an abutment to distribute load in the axial direction. This enables simple and compact load distribution without excessive sensitivity. Figures 1-7 illustrate examples of arrangements using wedge surfaces or balls to distribute load between multiple bearings through split sleeves or rings.
This document describes an improvement to closures for openings, particularly windows of the sash type. It details a closure using first and second panels that are slidably mounted in guides. The guides can pivotally move the panels into a closed position where the panels are flush. This provides a flat, uninterrupted surface when closed. When open, the panels can slide in their guides in a plane parallel to the other panel. The document then provides figures and descriptions of examples using this design for windows.
This document describes a patent for a composite refractory rail used in pusher-type furnaces. The rail is made of multiple sections with each section composed of a material suited to withstand the stresses of its corresponding temperature zone in the furnace. This eliminates the need for water cooling inside the furnace. Preferably there are three sections: steel up to 600°C, silicon carbide from 600°C to 900°C, and fused metal oxides above 900°C. The rail allows withstanding high temperatures and fluctuations without losses from water cooling.
This document describes two British patents from 1957:
1) GB784929(A) describes aircraft doors for a bomb bay that open by sliding up the outside of the aircraft rather than swinging downward to reduce drag.
2) GB784930(A) describes a movable platform in an aircraft bomb bay that can lower a bomb/missile below the bay opening while largely closing the opening to further reduce drag when bombing. The platform is operated by lever arms connected to jacks.
This document describes a fuel injector for an internal combustion engine. It has a valve body with an annular groove that connects to oblique passages, allowing fuel to enter from different angles without bending the valve needle. During injection, fuel jets issue from the passages simultaneously and with equal force, balancing each other out to avoid bending the needle. The angular position of the valve body does not need to be exact, simplifying assembly.
This document describes British patent GB785368 (A) filed in 1957 regarding improvements to metal structures. It involves a framework of tubular members interconnected by junction members that fit into the bores of the tubular members. Sheet metal forms the skin of the structure. The framework comprises spaced horizontal and inclined tubular members joined by T-shaped, cruciform, and other specially shaped junction members. At assembly, sheet metal panelling is applied and secured to the frame with bolts or rivets to lock the joints. This allows for simple, inexpensive and readily assemblable metal framed structures like portable buildings.
This document describes a patent for improvements to clamps for fixing dress guard stays on wheel axles of baby carriages. The clamp comprises two clamping arms that grip the axle between them. Each arm is pivotally mounted to a metal strip forming the stay. An abutment on the strip or arm holds the arms in a spaced position to insert the axle before tightening. The arms can then be pulled together on the axle by a clamping bolt. This allows the arms to be easily positioned around the axle without wasting time adjusting their position.
This document describes improvements to machines for broadcasting seed, fertilizer, and other granular materials. It summarizes a patent for a machine that allows variable control over the spread, direction, and rate of material distribution. The key improvements include an adjustable outlet from the hopper that can change the arc of distribution and direct it radially. Adjusting the length of the outlet also varies the spread of the arc or keeps it constant for different materials.
This document describes a patent application filed by Allen & Hanburys Limited for new diamine compounds and salts thereof. The compounds have a general formula shown, where a, b, and c can be integers from 1 to 3, and R is hydrogen or an alkyl group. The compounds are described as new organic bases that may have pharmaceutical applications.
This document describes a new class of organic compounds called diamines and their salts. It defines the general chemical formula for these compounds and describes methods for synthesizing them, including forming Schiff bases and then reducing the Schiff bases. It provides three examples of synthesizing specific diamines by reacting an aldehyde with a primary amine to form a Schiff base, then reducing the Schiff base over a catalyst. The resulting diamines are then converted to salts by reaction with acids. The diamines produced in this way are described as being useful intermediates for producing substances with therapeutic activity.
This document describes improvements to machines for broadcasting seeds, fertilizers, and other granular materials. It includes means to vary the distribution of materials in three ways: 1) by adjusting an outlet from the hopper to confine distribution to an arc and vary its spread, 2) by adjusting the outlet angularly to vary the direction of the arc, and 3) by adjusting a masking plate to vary the length of the outlet arc and thereby control the rate of distribution. These adjustments allow for variations in materials and machine operating conditions.
This document describes British patent GB784713 (A) from 1957 regarding improvements to fire alarms for combustible materials. It involves using continuous detector tubes made of fusible or thermally plastic material arranged in the combustible material. If a fire causes the temperature to rise, it will melt or soften the tube and reduce pressure, triggering an alarm. The tubes can have a sinuous shape and there can be multiple tubes to help locate an incipient fire. The document also provides details on the diagram and functioning of the alarm system using these fusible detector tubes.
This document describes improvements to a standing wave indicator for measuring standing waves in rectangular waveguides. Key aspects include:
1) A section of waveguide is bent in a circular arc with one broad wall constructed to rotate, carrying a movable probe.
2) Springs press rolls against the rotating wall to maintain contact between the wall and bent waveguide section at different points.
3) The probe is adjustable for insertion depth and tunable via rods within channels in the rotating wall.
This document describes a patent for improvements to food mixers. It discloses a mixer with an elongated spinner shaft that carries a spinner on one end and connects detachably to the power take-off of the mixer on the other end. A stationary guide receives and steadies the spinner shaft near the spinner to prevent whipping. The spinner shaft connects to the power take-off shaft through a longitudinally movable connector urged away by a spring to form a combined journal and thrust bearing and running seal.
This document describes improvements to display stands. It details an adjustable display stand that allows shelves to be easily adjusted in height along inclined support rods for an attractive presentation of articles. The shelves lock in place without additional securing devices due to cantilever action from their weight. The stand provides stability without being cumbersome through its main structure of a base and two rear-inclining support rods that shelves with openings can be adjusted along. Alternative shelf mounting arrangements and modifications to the stand design are also described.
This document provides a detailed description of improvements made to pocket stapling machines. Specifically, it describes a stapling machine where the knife that drives staples is guided by front and rear pairs of lugs to improve accuracy and prevent jamming. The knife is returned to its upper position by a hairpin-shaped resilient rod spring. The bolt that guides the knife is held in place by lugs integral with the staple rail that project through windows in the bolt.
This document describes improvements relating to thrust bearings, specifically addressing the lubrication of large vertical shaft hydro-electric generators or pump motors. It involves a radial flow impeller pump comprising rotating blades mounted on a cylinder extending from the rotating thrust bearing member. The blades assist in circulating oil from an inner chamber to an outer chamber through radial passages in the rotating member. The outer ends of the passages can be fitted with removable nozzles to regulate the oil flow rate and pressure.
This document describes a braking device for printing presses with a reciprocating type bed. The device uses one or more brake cylinders connected via piping to a counter-cylinder with a spring-loaded piston. This allows the braking force curve applied by the cylinders to be altered to better match the curve of retarding force from the type bed movement, improving smooth and uniform running of the printing press.
This document describes a patent for an electric wave-signal modifying apparatus used in color television receivers. The apparatus modifies a received signal that is double sideband modulated by one component and partially single sideband modulated by another component, into a signal that is double sideband modulated by both components. This allows direct derivation of color signals like green, red and blue without additional matrixing circuitry. The document provides background on color television signaling and describes the circuitry of a receiver incorporating the modifying apparatus.
The document describes an improved helical delay line for use in traveling wave tubes. The delay line comprises a conductive helix supported by a conductive comb structure to provide rigidity and dissipate heat. Each turn of the helix is directly connected to teeth of the comb. This combines advantages of the helix for tube operation with the comb's ability to dissipate heat and prevent distortion from weight or expansion.
This document describes an injection device for subcutaneous injections comprising:
- A handle carrying a straight guideway
- A hypodermic syringe holder movable within the guideway
- An abutment at the end of the guideway with a central notch for the needle and inclined away from the holder
- A spring within the holder urging it towards the abutment
- A means for retracting and locking the holder like a trigger
The device allows for easy self-injection where the patient presses the abutment against their skin and triggers the spring-loaded holder to inject through the abutment notch. Adjustments allow controlling the needle penetration depth.
The document describes two embodiments of a mechanical gland seal for preventing liquid leakage along rotor shafts of rotary pumps. The first embodiment uses a spring bellows to apply pressure to a carbon ring, sealing it against the shaft flange. An O-ring additionally seals the interior from the exterior of the housing. The second embodiment uses a spring-loaded header ring compressing an H-section seal between the header and a carrier holding the carbon ring, sealing both the interior and along the shaft flange.
This document describes improvements to thrust bearing arrangements that can distribute load between individual bearings or groups of bearings. It discloses using wedge surfaces on thrust members that engage with an abutment to distribute load in the axial direction. This enables simple and compact load distribution without excessive sensitivity. Figures 1-7 illustrate examples of arrangements using wedge surfaces or balls to distribute load between multiple bearings through split sleeves or rings.
This document describes an improvement to closures for openings, particularly windows of the sash type. It details a closure using first and second panels that are slidably mounted in guides. The guides can pivotally move the panels into a closed position where the panels are flush. This provides a flat, uninterrupted surface when closed. When open, the panels can slide in their guides in a plane parallel to the other panel. The document then provides figures and descriptions of examples using this design for windows.
This document describes a patent for a composite refractory rail used in pusher-type furnaces. The rail is made of multiple sections with each section composed of a material suited to withstand the stresses of its corresponding temperature zone in the furnace. This eliminates the need for water cooling inside the furnace. Preferably there are three sections: steel up to 600°C, silicon carbide from 600°C to 900°C, and fused metal oxides above 900°C. The rail allows withstanding high temperatures and fluctuations without losses from water cooling.
This document describes two British patents from 1957:
1) GB784929(A) describes aircraft doors for a bomb bay that open by sliding up the outside of the aircraft rather than swinging downward to reduce drag.
2) GB784930(A) describes a movable platform in an aircraft bomb bay that can lower a bomb/missile below the bay opening while largely closing the opening to further reduce drag when bombing. The platform is operated by lever arms connected to jacks.
This document describes a fuel injector for an internal combustion engine. It has a valve body with an annular groove that connects to oblique passages, allowing fuel to enter from different angles without bending the valve needle. During injection, fuel jets issue from the passages simultaneously and with equal force, balancing each other out to avoid bending the needle. The angular position of the valve body does not need to be exact, simplifying assembly.
This document describes British patent GB785368 (A) filed in 1957 regarding improvements to metal structures. It involves a framework of tubular members interconnected by junction members that fit into the bores of the tubular members. Sheet metal forms the skin of the structure. The framework comprises spaced horizontal and inclined tubular members joined by T-shaped, cruciform, and other specially shaped junction members. At assembly, sheet metal panelling is applied and secured to the frame with bolts or rivets to lock the joints. This allows for simple, inexpensive and readily assemblable metal framed structures like portable buildings.
This document describes a patent for improvements to clamps for fixing dress guard stays on wheel axles of baby carriages. The clamp comprises two clamping arms that grip the axle between them. Each arm is pivotally mounted to a metal strip forming the stay. An abutment on the strip or arm holds the arms in a spaced position to insert the axle before tightening. The arms can then be pulled together on the axle by a clamping bolt. This allows the arms to be easily positioned around the axle without wasting time adjusting their position.
This document describes improvements to machines for broadcasting seed, fertilizer, and other granular materials. It summarizes a patent for a machine that allows variable control over the spread, direction, and rate of material distribution. The key improvements include an adjustable outlet from the hopper that can change the arc of distribution and direct it radially. Adjusting the length of the outlet also varies the spread of the arc or keeps it constant for different materials.
This document describes a patent application filed by Allen & Hanburys Limited for new diamine compounds and salts thereof. The compounds have a general formula shown, where a, b, and c can be integers from 1 to 3, and R is hydrogen or an alkyl group. The compounds are described as new organic bases that may have pharmaceutical applications.
This document describes a new class of organic compounds called diamines and their salts. It defines the general chemical formula for these compounds and describes methods for synthesizing them, including forming Schiff bases and then reducing the Schiff bases. It provides three examples of synthesizing specific diamines by reacting an aldehyde with a primary amine to form a Schiff base, then reducing the Schiff base over a catalyst. The resulting diamines are then converted to salts by reaction with acids. The diamines produced in this way are described as being useful intermediates for producing substances with therapeutic activity.
This document describes improvements to machines for broadcasting seeds, fertilizers, and other granular materials. It includes means to vary the distribution of materials in three ways: 1) by adjusting an outlet from the hopper to confine distribution to an arc and vary its spread, 2) by adjusting the outlet angularly to vary the direction of the arc, and 3) by adjusting a masking plate to vary the length of the outlet arc and thereby control the rate of distribution. These adjustments allow for variations in materials and machine operating conditions.
This document describes British patent GB784713 (A) from 1957 regarding improvements to fire alarms for combustible materials. It involves using continuous detector tubes made of fusible or thermally plastic material arranged in the combustible material. If a fire causes the temperature to rise, it will melt or soften the tube and reduce pressure, triggering an alarm. The tubes can have a sinuous shape and there can be multiple tubes to help locate an incipient fire. The document also provides details on the diagram and functioning of the alarm system using these fusible detector tubes.
This document describes improvements to a standing wave indicator for measuring standing waves in rectangular waveguides. Key aspects include:
1) A section of waveguide is bent in a circular arc with one broad wall constructed to rotate, carrying a movable probe.
2) Springs press rolls against the rotating wall to maintain contact between the wall and bent waveguide section at different points.
3) The probe is adjustable for insertion depth and tunable via rods within channels in the rotating wall.
This document describes a patent for improvements to food mixers. It discloses a mixer with an elongated spinner shaft that carries a spinner on one end and connects detachably to the power take-off of the mixer on the other end. A stationary guide receives and steadies the spinner shaft near the spinner to prevent whipping. The spinner shaft connects to the power take-off shaft through a longitudinally movable connector urged away by a spring to form a combined journal and thrust bearing and running seal.
This document describes improvements to display stands. It details an adjustable display stand that allows shelves to be easily adjusted in height along inclined support rods for an attractive presentation of articles. The shelves lock in place without additional securing devices due to cantilever action from their weight. The stand provides stability without being cumbersome through its main structure of a base and two rear-inclining support rods that shelves with openings can be adjusted along. Alternative shelf mounting arrangements and modifications to the stand design are also described.
This document provides a detailed description of improvements made to pocket stapling machines. Specifically, it describes a stapling machine where the knife that drives staples is guided by front and rear pairs of lugs to improve accuracy and prevent jamming. The knife is returned to its upper position by a hairpin-shaped resilient rod spring. The bolt that guides the knife is held in place by lugs integral with the staple rail that project through windows in the bolt.
This document describes improvements relating to thrust bearings, specifically addressing the lubrication of large vertical shaft hydro-electric generators or pump motors. It involves a radial flow impeller pump comprising rotating blades mounted on a cylinder extending from the rotating thrust bearing member. The blades assist in circulating oil from an inner chamber to an outer chamber through radial passages in the rotating member. The outer ends of the passages can be fitted with removable nozzles to regulate the oil flow rate and pressure.
This document describes a braking device for printing presses with a reciprocating type bed. The device uses one or more brake cylinders connected via piping to a counter-cylinder with a spring-loaded piston. This allows the braking force curve applied by the cylinders to be altered to better match the curve of retarding force from the type bed movement, improving smooth and uniform running of the printing press.
This document describes a patent for an electric wave-signal modifying apparatus used in color television receivers. The apparatus modifies a received signal that is double sideband modulated by one component and partially single sideband modulated by another component, into a signal that is double sideband modulated by both components. This allows direct derivation of color signals like green, red and blue without additional matrixing circuitry. The document provides background on color television signaling and describes the circuitry of a receiver incorporating the modifying apparatus.
The document describes an improved helical delay line for use in traveling wave tubes. The delay line comprises a conductive helix supported by a conductive comb structure to provide rigidity and dissipate heat. Each turn of the helix is directly connected to teeth of the comb. This combines advantages of the helix for tube operation with the comb's ability to dissipate heat and prevent distortion from weight or expansion.
This document describes an injection device for subcutaneous injections comprising:
- A handle carrying a straight guideway
- A hypodermic syringe holder movable within the guideway
- An abutment at the end of the guideway with a central notch for the needle and inclined away from the holder
- A spring within the holder urging it towards the abutment
- A means for retracting and locking the holder like a trigger
The device allows for easy self-injection where the patient presses the abutment against their skin and triggers the spring-loaded holder to inject through the abutment notch. Adjustments allow controlling the needle penetration depth.
The document describes a method for producing edible food products from peanuts. Key steps in the process include cleaning peanut kernels to remove foreign matter and skins, pressing the kernels using an expeller process to extract oil while avoiding excessive heating, grinding the resulting cake into a fine powder, and roasting the powder to reagglomerate it into granules and improve flavor. Nutrients can be added to produce a balanced food product.
The document describes an improved litter for carrying casualties that includes harnesses worn by two bearers and a pole from which the litter is suspended. Each harness has multiple detachable connections to the pole arranged vertically, allowing the pole's angle to be adjusted based on terrain. This leaves the bearers' hands free while supporting the litter. Belts are also included to prevent the harnesses from interfering with each other.
This document describes a patent for a soap holder and applicator. The soap holder is made of a flexible material shaped like a soap cake with a slit that can be opened by squeezing to insert pieces of used soap. Part of the wall has a criss-cross lattice formation to expose the soap and allow direct contact between the soap and skin during use. When squeezed, the two halves of the holder separate to form an opening for inserting soap pieces.
This document describes an electrical connection apparatus for connecting a thin conductive layer on a printed circuit board to external contacts. It involves a first member with an insulating material and thin conductive layer having an aperture, and a second member with a resilient conductive lug that passes through the aperture to contact the conductive layer. The lug is inserted in a direction along its major axis so that its minor axis passes through the aperture and temporarily deforms it, allowing the lug to contact both sides of the aperture near the ends of the minor axis. This provides an improved connection to thin conductive layers, useful for applications like printed circuits and switches.
This patent document describes improvements to roll-film photographic cameras that allow for double exposures. Specifically, it describes a camera with a rotatable operating member that can selectively couple or uncouple the shutter winding and film transport mechanisms. It also includes a locking device that prevents movement of the shutter winding mechanism when the film transport mechanism is uncoupled after an incomplete film feed, addressing limitations of the prior design.
This document describes a 1957 patent for a metal piston with an applied porous organic material layer. The layer, which can be wood or plastic up to 2mm thick, allows the piston to operate smoothly in piston apparatuses like hot-gas engines without needing abundant lubrication. This prevents lubricant from contaminating the working medium or clogging components. The layer is adhered to the piston, for example by gluing wood veneer, and provides a running surface that addresses the disadvantage of other organic piston materials having higher expansion coefficients than metal.
This document is a patent application for an adjustable mirror supported on a floor stand. The mirror stand has two parallel tubular members that can be adjusted longitudinally to change the height of the mirror. The mirror is mounted on a rotating frame that allows it to rotate horizontally and vertically. A removable tray is attached below the mirror to hold cosmetics. The device allows a mirror to be adjusted hands-free like a dressing table mirror but is portable.
This document describes a patent filing from 1957 for an improved clamping device. The device comprises two bifurcated members that can be secured together in different relative positions using a connecting screw. One member has a strip or rail that prevents relative rotation when the two members are secured together. The arrangement allows a shelf or panel to be firmly supported in any of several selected positions relative to a support.
This document describes GB780057 (A), a patent from 1957 for improvements to torque-limiting couplings. The coupling uses rollable drive bodies like balls or rollers that are displaceable under spring pressure to transmit motion between two coupling members. One member is constructed as an inclined bearing that supports the other rotatably and axially carried member. The drive bodies engage in depressions in one of the coupling members to provide a positive connection.
This document describes a two-way radio link system that uses a single carrier frequency for communication between a guided object (e.g. missile) and guiding source (e.g. aircraft). It allows the guidance transmitter and control receiver to operate during intervals when the control transmitter and guidance receiver are inactive, enabling multiple links to operate simultaneously with less interference. Switching is controlled by flip-flops to periodically activate the different transmitters and receivers in a synchronized manner using frame synchronization signals.
This document describes an apparatus for measuring the time of energization and de-energization of electric relays. The apparatus uses a grid-controlled charging valve connected to a capacitor, whose charge is measured to determine the time interval that the charging valve is made conductive. A control circuit starts and stops current through the charging valve synchronously with the energization or de-energization of the relay under test, allowing an accurate measurement of these time intervals.
This document summarizes a patent for an improved bearing design with cylindrical bearing elements. The key points are:
1) The bearing has an inner metal sleeve that forms the inner bearing race. This sleeve has distinct portions, with at least one portion forming the inner race and another portion directly attached to the support.
2) The sleeve portions can be formed from cold-worked sheet metal or a cold-drawn steel tube. The inner race portion may have a larger bore than the attachment portions.
3) The hardness of the inner race portion is greater than the attachment portions to reduce deformation under load. Additional details of the sleeve design are provided in the document.
This document provides details on patent GB780046 (A) which relates to a process for preparing lubricating compounds of the formal type. Specifically, it involves first forming a mixture of Oxo alcohols via an Oxo synthesis reaction using a mixture of polymeric olefinic hydrocarbons containing mostly C12 to C18 olefins. This is then contacted with excess formaldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a residue with lubricating oil characteristics after removing more volatile components.
The document describes improvements to friction linings used in clutch and brake assemblies. It involves securing thin metal keeper strips within grooves on the rear face of the lining using bonding. Countersunk holes in the strips receive bolt heads. Recesses in the lining sides provide access to the bolts. This allows much deeper wear of the lining before replacement. It also simplifies replacement in assemblies where space prevents access otherwise. Keeper strip recesses can also provide access for inner bolts in tight assemblies like drum brakes.
This document describes British patent GB784988(A) from 1957 regarding improvements to pressure-operated gas relay valves. Specifically, it introduces a weight supported by the valve-controlling diaphragm that is lifted off during valve closure by an adjustable stop, temporarily arresting closure to provide a steady gas flow to appliances like furnaces. It provides diagrams and descriptions of the valve components and how the added weight allows a third stage of gas flow control.
This document describes a new class of substituted cyclopentyl compounds useful for therapeutic purposes. Specifically, it describes cyclopentyl acetic acid amides containing substituents that are obtainable by condensing cyclopentyl acetic acid or derivatives with ammonia, amines or ureas. The document provides an example for synthesizing cyclopentyl-bromo-acetamide in three steps: 1) brominating cyclopentyl acetic acid, 2) converting it to the acetylchloride derivative, and 3) reacting it with aqueous ammonia. These compounds have sedative properties and can be used as intermediates for producing other therapeutic agents or used directly as therapeutics.
This document describes two embodiments of a clothes dryer invention. The first embodiment uses turbine blades mounted on the rotating drum to be turned by incoming air from a vacuum cleaner, rotating the drum. The second embodiment uses a turbine connected to the drum via a reduction drive using friction pulleys to rotate the drum. Both embodiments aim to rotate a drum containing clothes using a flow of air from an external source like a vacuum cleaner to dry the clothes.
This document describes an improved electrical relay device with two interconnected circuits. Each circuit incorporates a signal receiving element. When a signal is accepted by one element, that circuit becomes operative and the other inoperative. Reversing the polarity or transferring the signal to the other element switches which circuit is operative. The relay includes two auto-excited transducers, each with two AC output windings, rectifiers, a single cut-off winding, and a single control winding. A signal to either control winding causes that transducer's output to decrease and the other's to increase. Transferring the signal or reversing its polarity switches the operative transducer.
This document summarizes a patent for an improved case with a hinged lid that is held closed by a spring-loaded retainer. The retainer is supported in front of the case and has a top portion that protrudes through a slot in the case wall to be depressed by a finger. This allows the lid to be opened while providing an efficient closure in a neat design. The case is intended to hold items like ink pads, cigarettes, or pins and can be made of plastic through a molding process. Diagrams show features of the hinged lid, retainer, and supports that maintain the retainer in the closed position.
This document summarizes a patent for an improved case with a hinged lid that is held closed by a spring-loaded retainer. The retainer is supported in front of the case and has a top portion that protrudes through a slot in the case wall to be depressed by a finger. This allows the lid to be opened while providing an efficient closure in a neat design. The case is intended to hold items like ink pads, cigarettes, or pins and is made of plastic or other materials in a one-piece moulding.
This document describes a patent for an atomizing or spray container with a flexible side wall. It contains a tube inside the container with an adjustable air intake orifice. When the side walls are squeezed, both air and liquid are forced up the tube where they mix and are ejected through a spray outlet. The tube can be adjusted to control the mixture and produce different types of sprays. Various embodiments are illustrated with different configurations for the tube and adjusting the air orifice.
This document describes a patent for an atomizing or spray container with a flexible side wall. It contains a tube with an adjustable air intake orifice that allows air to mix with liquid inside the tube and be ejected through a spray outlet. Adjusting the air orifice controls whether a coarse spray, fine spray or liquid jet is produced. The tube can be installed in a cap or stopper closure in various adjustable or fixed configurations to allow for directional spraying and easy removal of the tube.
This document describes improvements to magnetic separators and radial flow compressors. It discusses magnetic separator filter elements with slots and walls extending perpendicular from the slots. It also discusses a method of manufacturing radial flow compressors with different characteristics by using interchangeable rotor and insertion sets, including open and closed rotor types.
This document summarizes a patent for an electrical heating panel assembly. It describes a frame that holds a panel made of two bonded sheets of insulating material with an electrical heating resistance in between. The panel is set back from the frame edges to allow air circulation behind the panel and between panels when multiple units are installed together. The heating resistance takes a sinuous path between the panel sheets for even heat distribution.
This document describes two British patents from 1957:
1) GB785363 (A) describes a counterpoise suspension system that incorporates a cam and follower mechanism to vary the spring thrust based on the position of the parallelogram linkage in order to provide an automatic counterbalancing effect over a predetermined range of displacement.
2) GB785364 (A) relates to improvements in paper making machines where a web is formed on a travelling wire mesh. It describes using a continuous transverse suction slot to draw water from the entire width of the web before it is transferred to a felt across a gap, in order to facilitate clean separation from the wire.
1. This document describes a method for insulating individual sector-shaped conductors using an extrusion process to form multi-core cables.
2. The key steps of the method include twisting the conductor, feeding it non-rotatably through a rotatable guide with a matching outlet shape, which causes the guide to rotate in sync with the conductor lay, and finally feeding the conductor through a coupled die head where plastic insulation is applied.
3. The guide and die are driven together in rotation to maintain the proper orientation between the conductor's cross-sectional shape and the guide outlet as the conductor passes through.
1. This document describes a method for insulating individual sector-shaped conductors using an extrusion process to form multi-core cables.
2. The key steps of the method include twisting the conductor, feeding it non-rotatably through a rotatable guide with a matching outlet shape, which causes the guide to rotate in sync with the conductor lay, and finally feeding the conductor through a coupled die head where plastic insulation is applied.
3. The guide and die are driven together in rotation to maintain the proper orientation between the conductor's cross-sectional shape and the guide outlet as the conductor passes through.
1. This document describes a method for insulating individual sector-shaped conductors using an extrusion process to form multi-core cables.
2. The key steps of the method include twisting the conductor, feeding it non-rotatably through a rotatable guide with a matching outlet shape, which causes the guide to rotate in sync with the conductor lay, and finally feeding the conductor through a coupled die head where plastic insulation is applied.
3. The guide and die are driven together in rotation to maintain the proper orientation between the conductor's cross-sectional shape and the guide outlet as the conductor passes through.
1. This document describes a method for insulating individual sector-shaped conductors using an extrusion process to form multi-core cables.
2. The key steps are twisting the conductor, feeding it non-rotatably through a rotatable guide conforming to the conductor's shape, which causes the guide to rotate, and finally feeding the conductor through a coupled die head where plastic insulation is applied.
3. The guide and die rotate together in synchronization with the spiral lay of the pre-twisted conductor to properly orient the conductor's cross-sectional shape.
This document provides details of an injection molding machine, including:
- The machine uses tie rods to connect fixed and movable mold plates, with hydraulic cylinders to move the plates and inject material.
- It has a movable platen that supports a mold piece, and hydraulic pistons to move the platen towards a fixed platen holding the other mold piece.
- Additional hydraulic systems apply very high pressure to the movable platen for the final closing of the molds.
This document provides a 3 page description of improvements to an injection molding machine. Key details include:
- The machine uses a pair of fixed members and a movable mold-closing unit comprising a pair of movable members to open and close molds.
- The movable members include interpenetrating piston and cylinder portions allowing fluid pressure to move one movable member relative to the other to close the mold.
- Additional details are provided on the hydraulic and electrical systems used to power movement and operation of the machine components including pumps, valves, cylinders and limit switches.
This document provides details of an injection molding machine, including:
- The machine uses tie rods to connect fixed and movable mold plates, with hydraulic cylinders to move the plates and close the molds.
- It has hydraulic systems to first close the molds, then provide a final high-pressure squeeze to the molds using a booster pump.
- Various hydraulic valves and limit switches control the movements and ensure the molds fully close and lock in place before injection.
This document describes a patent for a method of conditioning web-like materials in a closed chamber using a gaseous medium containing water vapor. The method involves dividing the conditioning process into separate treatment steps where the material is cooled between steps. The relative humidity is successively increased in each step. This allows for more even moisture distribution compared to previous single-step methods. Diagrams and figures show the multi-step apparatus used to perform this conditioning process.
This document describes a steam trap patent from 1957. The steam trap uses a rotary member controlled by a bimetallic strip to vary the size of the discharge opening and allow condensate to drain while preventing steam from escaping. It provides a constantly open minimum opening, and the bimetallic strip automatically enlarges the opening when more condensate is present, such as during startup. The rotary member design allows for rapid response to temperature changes and a compact design that can be installed directly in a pipe line.
This document provides a 3-sentence summary of GB784603 (A) which describes a fuel feeding apparatus for pressure burners. The apparatus includes a valve body with passages that selectively connect a mixture tube, air passage, and fuel passages. A stationary rubber disk member and rotatable disk valve member control the connections between passages for starting, running, and shutting off the burner. The valve members and passages allow the burner to be supplied with an air-fuel mixture for starting and then operated with vaporized liquid fuel from the fuel tank.
This document summarizes a patent for manufacturing oximes of cycloaliphatic ketones. It describes a process where salts of thiosulphuric acid or polythionic acids are used as reducing agents in aqueous solution to produce oximes from water-soluble salts of secondary nitro-compounds in the cycloaliphatic series. The ratio used is 1 mole of nitro-compound to 1-1.5 moles of reducing agent salt. Examples provided demonstrate producing cyclohexanone oxime from nitrocyclohexane using sodium thiosulphate or sodium trithionate as the reducing agent. Yields of up to 92% of the oxime product are achieved.
This document describes glyoxalidine corrosion inhibitors for use in hydrocarbon liquids like gasoline and diesel fuel. Specifically, it describes new chemical compounds that are salts of a glyoxalidine and an organic aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with at least 10 carbon atoms. These compounds are effective corrosion inhibitors for ferrous metals in contact with hydrocarbon liquids that contain small amounts of water. Test results show that reactions products of sebacic acid and certain glyoxalidines can inhibit corrosion in gasoline-water systems at low concentrations.
This document describes a patent for improvements in the production of the antibiotic griseofulvin under deep culture conditions. It finds that griseofulvin can be produced on a large scale through submerged aerobic culture of suitable organisms, such as Penicillium patulum, if the available nitrogen level in the culture medium is carefully controlled between 0.04-0.3% nitrogen. Optimum yields are obtained at nitrogen levels of 0.075-0.25%, with the specific optimum depending on factors like inoculum type and fermenter size.
The document describes new disazo dyes and copper complexes of those dyes. The dyes correspond to general formula 1, where R1 is the residue of an oxybenzene-ortho-carboxylic acid, R2 and R3 are benzene residues with the carbon atoms bound to the azo linkage and carboxamide group separated by at least one carbon atom, and R4 is a benzene residue containing a sulphonic acid, carboxylic acid, or carboxymethoxy group. The dyes can be prepared by coupling a diazo compound of an aminoazo dye with a phenylamino-8-oxynaphthalene compound. The resulting dyes and their copper complexes are
This document describes improvements to self-supporting containers made of carbon or graphite. It discusses how prior containers used ceramic linings that had poor thermal conductivity. The new containers described are built from interlocking carbon or graphite plates that form a self-supporting inner structure. This allows the container to be spaced within an outer metal or concrete vessel, improving heat transfer and accommodating different expansion rates of the materials. Diagrams show how the plates interlock at joints and are held together with cement.
The document describes improvements to the "oxo process" for producing oxygenated organic compounds from olefins using carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and a carbonylation catalyst. Specifically, it involves using a catalyst combination that is particularly effective for catalyzing the reaction. The oxo process typically involves three stages - an initial reaction of the olefin with carbon monoxide and hydrogen over a cobalt catalyst to produce aldehydes, removal of soluble metal compounds from the product, and then hydrogenation of the aldehydes to alcohols. The invention relates to improving the catalyst used in the first stage of the reaction.
1) The document describes improvements to packaging containers that provide reinforcement and strength.
2) The containers have a non-metallic shell and bottom each with a corrosion-resistant thin inner lining that is partly inside and partly outside the container.
3) The shell has an outer reinforcing metal covering that is folded together with the outer parts of the linings to seal the container while keeping the bottom and shell unfolded.
This document summarizes a patent for recovering cooking liquor from spent soda pulping liquors. It describes how traditional soda pulping processes are expensive and wasteful due to the loss of sodium hydroxide in washings and stack gases. The invention provides a practical method for regenerating the soda with minimal loss, eliminating hazards and allowing recovery of soda cooking liquor from waste liquors containing it.
This document describes a multi-tray clarifier system for clarifying liquids containing suspended solids. The system uses multiple compartments and a central feedwell system to evenly distribute incoming feed between compartments. This even distribution allows for simplification of the clarifier design by reducing the number of intermediate compartments needed compared to previous clarifier designs.
This document describes improvements to control means for electric current converters. It discusses providing control of discharge paths through respective control electrodes over a wide range, from rectifier to inverter operation. Each control electrode is connected to two inductive members (transformers or chokes) supplied with phase-displaced operating currents/voltages from AC busbars. There are means for imparting a commonly variable direct current premagnetization and means for imparting independently pre-settable direct current premagnetizations, allowing control of each electrode's feed to provide a control voltage during a portion of the converter's total control range.
The document describes improvements to a storage device for cylindrical objects like barrels. The storage device features an inclined rack with a gate at the lower end that retains the cylindrical objects. The gate has two angular portions - a first portion with an upstanding stop member, and a second portion that acts as a positive stop as long as an object is resting on the first portion. This allows objects to be released individually from the storage device when the gate is opened.
This document summarizes an invention for improvements in single-sideband radio transmission systems. It describes a system that uses band compression at the transmitter and band expansion at the receiver to transmit a single-sideband signal while reducing the required bandwidth. The system detects the signal envelope and uses it to amplitude modulate the compressed single-sideband signal before transmission. At the receiver, the system uses the detected envelope to reconstruct the original single-sideband signal from the received compressed signal. The document provides detailed descriptions and diagrams of transmitter and receiver embodiments.
This document summarizes a patent for an improved paper pattern that can be temporarily bonded to fabric. The pattern is made of thin, flexible paper with markings on top. The underside has a heat-sealable, lubricous resin that is non-adhesive at room temperature but becomes adhesive when heated. This allows the pattern to be temporarily bonded to fabric to facilitate needlework while maintaining lubricity for easy needle passage. The resin may be an ethylene polymer, vinyl chloride polymer, or other specified thermoplastic. Figures show applying multiple patterns to fabric with an iron, an enlarged cross-section, and joining cut fabric pieces with attached patterns.
This document describes improvements to gyroscope apparatus. It summarizes two different gyroscope designs that use air bearings to support a rotating gyroscope rotor. In the first design, the rotor is supported within a concentric casing on a spherical air bearing. The casing is driven by a tubular drive shaft connected to conventional bearings. In the second design, a wheel-shaped rotor is supported within a spherical casing on an air bearing. The casing is driven by electric motor integrated with the lower casing portion and supported by ball bearings. Both designs use pickoffs and electromagnetic means to apply torques to the rotor and counteract precession forces to keep the rotor axis aligned with the casing rotation axis.
This document describes improvements to telephone systems, specifically regarding private automatic branch exchanges (PABX) serving large numbers of subscribers across multiple locations. It details a system with a parent PABX connected via two-wire tie-lines to satellite automatic exchanges. The parent PABX operator can set up calls to subscribers on satellite exchanges and receive visual supervisory indications of call progress over the tie-lines. This is achieved through signals sent on a non-speaking conductor and distinctive signals involving potential reversals at the tie-line conductors.
This document describes a patent for improvements in reciprocating motors that are actuated by a fluid supplied at constant pressure. It involves a piston valve that moves alternately into two positions, connecting one side of the piston to the pressure fluid supply and the other side to exhaust. Plungers on each side of the piston can enter cylindrical spaces at the end of the piston's working stroke to build up pressure and cause the valve to switch positions for the return stroke. Optional features include non-return valves in ducts connecting the valve cavities to the spaces to control fluid flow. The invention is intended for hydraulic motors but not limited to that application or liquid as the working fluid.
This document provides details of GB784673 (A) and GB784674 (A), which are patent specifications for two inventions. GB784673 (A) describes a method of producing printed circuit master drawings by removing portions of a black layer on a board to define a circuit pattern. GB784674 (A) describes a mending plug for tubeless tires, specifically a hollow rubber cylindrical plug inserted into punctures using an insertion tool. The document outlines the techniques and provides figures to illustrate the methods.
This document summarizes a patent for a machine that applies rubber caps to containers. It describes a machine with fingers arranged in an annular form that can place a cap, and pistons that impart radial movement to the fingers. It also includes a rotary table to carry containers, a head carrying the fingers that can slide, and a piston to actuate the head. The machine applies caps by extending the fingers to stretch the cap over the container, then retracting the fingers to leave the cap in place.
This document describes a process for dyeing or printing textiles or foils made of cellulose esters or linear aromatic polyesters. Specifically, it involves using acid dyestuffs from the anthraquinone series that have a sulphonic acid group that can be split off by a reducing agent. This causes the dyestuff to become insoluble and bond to the textile or foil substrate. Examples are provided of dyeing various materials like polyester fibers, acetate rayon and cellulose triacetate fibers using different dyestuffs and reducing agents. The dyed materials exhibit good light and wash fastness according to the document.
1. * GB780011 (A)
Description: GB780011 (A) ? 1957-07-31
Improvements in or relating to water softening devices
Description of GB780011 (A)
1PATENT SPECIFICATION
780,011 Date of filing Complete Specification Sept. 28, 1955.
Application Date June 28, 1954.
Complete Specification Published July 31, 1957.
No. 18826/54, Index at acceptance:-Class 46, B1OA(l: X).
International Classification: --C02b.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or relating to Water Softening Devices We, RAINSFORD &
LYNES LIMITED, of Emily Works, Emily Street, Birmingham, 12, a Company
incorporated under the laws of Great Britain, and ROBERTS KITCHENER
LYNES, of the same address, a British subject, do hereby declare the
invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and
the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly
described in and by the following statement: -
This invention relates to means or apparatus to be employed for
softening the water supplied from water mains to the service mains of
domestic or industrial premises and more particularly is concerned
with means or apparatus for the said purpose of the kind or type
opearting on what is known as the base exchange or cation exchange
principle, such apparatus incorporating a chamber-like body or vessel
charged with a suitable softening medium through which the water to be
softened is passed and delivered in the softened condition under valve
control, to the service mains, as is well understood.
The provision of mains water softening equipment as heretofore
constructed has involved considerable expense due to the costly
construction of the chamber or vessel for containing the softening
medium or crystals and the multiple control valves associated
therewith.
The present invention has for its object to provide a mains water
softener of the base exchange or cation type which is especially, but
2. not exclusively, adapted for supplying soft water to such devices for
example as sinkwater heaters, the said water softeners being of a
construction which permits them to be provided for use in conjunction
with water heaters of the said kind at a cost within the reach of the
users of such water heaters, and being attended with the further
advantages hereinafter more particularly referred to.
The invention resides in a water softening device operating on the
base exchange or cation principle and designed for use with a sink
heater or analogous apparatus said device being characterised in that
it incorporates in [Prico 3s. 64.1- - C , combination a cartridge-like
component wherein the water softening medium is contained 50 and a
frame-like structure whereon the cartiidge is detachably mounted and
which is adapted to be fixed on a wall or like surface.
The invention will be further and more particularly described with
reference to the 55 accompanying drawings, wherein:Figure 1
represents, half in elevation and half in longitudinal vertical
section, a water softening device in accordance with one con venient
embodiment of the invention. 60 Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figure 3 is a similar view to Figure 1 illustrating modifications in
certain details of construction of parts hereinafter more particularly
referred to, and 65 Figure 4 is a plan of Figure 3.
The same numerals of reference indicate the same or corresponding
parts in the several figures.
Referring first to the embodiment represented in Figures 1 and 2, the
reference 5 denotes the preferably seamless tubular mem, ber, herein
referred to as the cartridge, which contains the medium provided for
effecting the softening of water in its passage from the 75 supply
mains to the water heater or other apparatus in conjunction with which
the device may be used.
The frame-like structure provided for the mounting of the cartridge 5
on a wall comprises an upper and lower horizontal member, marked 6 and
7, of a circular plate-like formation and furnished on diametrical
opposite sides with lugs or lateral projections 6a and 7a, the said
horizontal members being interconnected by a pair of vertical
cylindrical rods 8 the respective ends of which have a screw thread
thereon.
The upper ends of the vertical interconnecting rods 8 are engaged in
tapped holes in the 90 lugs 6a of the upper horizontal member 6 and
are fixed therein by lock-nuts 9 which take against the underface of
the said member.
The lower ends of the interconnecting rods 8 pass through plain holes
7b on the lower 9} horizontal member 7 and the said member 780,011 is
fixed on the rods by pairs of lock-nuts 10 screwed against the
respective faces of the lugs.
3. The said horizontal members 6 and 7 of the frame are each provided on
corresponding sides thereof with a vertical plate-like part marked
respectively 6' and 7 furnished with perforations 6, 7' for the
passage therethrough of fixing screws so that each horizontal member
constitutes a supporting bracket for parts or components of the device
provided or assembled thereon as hereinafter described.
The upper horizontal member 6 is formed on its underface with a deep
recess 6' concentrically disposed therein and of appropriate diameter
for the location therein of the upper end of the cartridge 5, this
recess terminating in a shallow recess 6f concentric thereifffth and
having therein a sealing ring marked 11 against which the upper end of
the cartridge is firmly pressed when the cartridge is properly mounted
on the frame-lgze structure.
The upper face of the said horizontal member 6 is formed with a
centrally disposed tubular socket 6; the inner end of which opens into
the recess 6 in its underface, the opening marked 61 being of smaller
diameter than the main part of the bore in the socket and its marginal
part providing a seating for a ball valve 12 which is housed in the
socket and acts to retain water in the pipes and the heater when the
cartridge is removed from its normal location in the supporting frame.
The upper end of the socket 6: is fitted wiith a tubular bush 13
having in its inner end a hole 13Y of smaller diameter than the ball
valve 12, the said bush 13 having an external screw thread thereon for
engaging in a screw thread in the upper end of the socket, and an
internal screw thread to provide for the connection therewith of a
pipe in commnunication with the heater, not shown, to which the
softened water is delivered.
The lower horizontal member or bracket 7 is formed with a boss 7'
having an axially disposed hole therein which is screw threaded to
receive an externally screw threaded tubular member 14 the lower end
of which is in communication with the end of the supply pipe which
connects the softener with the main pipe through which water is
supplied to the heater, the connection being effected through the
medium of a union incorporating a stop cock such as indicated by the
dotted lines, marked A, in the drawings.
The said externally screwed tubular member 14 which is adapted for an
adjustable setting in the hole wherein it is engaged in the lower
horizontal member 7 carries at its upper end a plate-like member 16,
h.reinait r termed the bottom cap, which is recessed on its upper face
to receive the lower end of the tubular body of the cartridge, tihe
recessed face of the said bottom cap having therein a sealing ring 17
which, when the parts are properly assembled is pressed firmly against
the lower end of the cartridge body, in which position it is retained
by a locking ring 18 which is also furnished with a sealing ring 19 in
4. a recess in its upper face, the said locking ring 18 being 70 arranged
on the part of the adiustable member 14 which, when the parts are
assembled, extend between the underside of the bottom cap 16 and the
upper face of the lower horizontal member or supporting bracket 7. 75
The tubular body of the cartridge 5 is furnished adjacent the
respective ends thereof with a filter device constituted by a
perforated metal disc 20 having a disc of wire gauze 21 attached
thereto, the softening medium in the 80 cartridge being located
between these filter devices.
The lower end of the cartridge is furnished with a disc-like member 22
arranged somewhat below the filter disc 20 and having attached 85
thereto a metal backed disc 23 of rubber, disposed on its upper face,
and extending over a central hole or a series of perforations in the
metal disc, the rubber disc 23 acting as a nonreturn valve so that
when water under mains 9g pressure enters the cartridge the said
rubber disc will be lifted, and when such pressure is relieved by the
closing of the stop cock A the weight of the water in the cartridge
operates to press the rubber disc down on the metal 95 disc thereby
sealing the outlet from the lower end of the cartridge.
With the object of providing a softening device which, instead of
being disposed below the water heater or apparatus in association 100
with whi.vch it is used, may be disposed at or adjacent one or other
side thereof, as may be most convenient, the water softening device
can be controlled as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. 105 In this
modified construction of the water so_.tening device the upper and
lower horizontal members 6 and 7 of the frame-like structure in which
the cartridge 5 is supported, instead of having a circular plate-like
110 formnation as in the first described construction are constituted
by bar-like members each iaving a central circular boss, denoted by
the references 6' and 7, the said bosses being carried by the arms of
the vertical wall fixing 115 plates 6 and 7 respectively.
The upper bar-like member 6 is tubular in formation and its respective
ends are designed to provide sockets in which the upper ends of the
vertical mnembers 8 of the frame-like structure are fixed.
The vertical members 8 are also tubular and their lower ends extend
partially into and are fixed in bores 7 provided in the respective
ends of the lower horizontal member. 125 The lower portions of the
bores 7 have an internal screw thread therein for effecting the pipe
connection of the device with the water heater or othler apparatus to
which the softened water is delivered, the connection being 130
780,011 made with one or other end of the bar 8 according to
convenience, the tapped hole 7f in the other end of the bar being
closed by a screw plug.
Figure 3 also represents the preferred construction of the cartridge
5. provided for containing the softening medium and effecting its
detachable mounting in the frame-like structure.
In this constructien of the cartridge component of the device each end
of the cylindrical body of the cartridge 5 wherein the softening
medium is contained is furnished with a block or plug-like member 24
which may conveniently be secured therein by screwing it into an
annulus 25 fixed by welding or otherwise in the respective ends of the
cylindrical body and furnished on its inner periphery with a flange
25a and a rubber or like sealing ring 26 whereon the members 24 take a
bearing when assembled on the cylinder ends.
The plug-like members 24 have an axial bore 24a therein and their
outer faces have a cylindrical protuberance 24 thereon, the
protuberance on the upper block being located, when the cartridge is
assembled on the frame structure, in a recess in the central boss 6i
of the bar 6 and taking a bearing on a rubber annulus 27 therein, and
the protuberance on the block 24 in the lower end of the cartridge
being located in the upper end of a tubular member or sleeve 28
mounted in a recess in the upper end of the locking ring 18 which, as
in the first described jarrangemnent, is mounted and adjustable on the
tubular member 14 projecting from the axial bore of the lower
horizontal member 7 of the frame structure.
The protuberance 24b on the block in the lower end of the cartridge
rests on a rubber annulus 29 supported by a flange 28a in the sleeve
28 and the lower end of the said sleeve 28 rests on the sealing ring
19 in the locking member 18.
The filter devices 20 provided in the interior of the cartridge are in
this arrangement of the parts disposed on and secured by screws to the
inner faces of the blocks 24 in the respective ends of the cartridge.
A valve of the ordinary jumper type, denoted by the reference 30, is
provided at the upper end of the axial bore in the lower block 24, the
said valve being held to its seating on the upper end of the bore by a
spring, or springs 30a, interposed between its upper face and the
underface of the adjoining filter device, and operating as a
non-return valve as will be well understood.
The upper end of the cartridge is, or may, be furnished with a handle
for facilitating its handling when removed from the frame structure,
the said handle being constituted either by a rod such as 31 extending
diametrically across the upper end of the cartridge cylinder and
secured therein by a ring 31a as shown in Figure 1, or by a bail-like
member 33 formed from wire and the ends of which are hinged in
bearings provided for the purpose on the outer face of the upper block
24 as 70 shown in Figures 3 and 4.
The manner in which the softner devices described perform their
functions in use will be well understood by persons conversant with
6. softeners of the kind or type with which the 75 invention is
concerned, suffice it to say that when assembling the cartridge in the
framelike structure the locking ring 18 provided on the screwed
tubular member 14 will be lowered to a position which permits the
respective ends of the cartridge, or the protuberances on the ends
thereof, to be engaged with the parts provided to receive them on the
horizontal members of the frame-like structure and when so engaged the
locking ring is 85 adjusted in an upward direction thereby forcing the
respective ends of the cartridge or the protuberances thereon, into
firm bearing contact with the sealing rings aforesaid in the parts on
the frame in which the cartridge is 90 located.
The cartridge is removed for effecting its regeneration when required
by a reverse operation of the locking ring and the regeneration of the
cartridge may then be performed 95 by inserting it lower end first
into a container filled with brine.
The said container is furnished with a circular rubber ring in the
upper end thereof, the said ring providing a neck having a cross 106
section which is of thinnest dimensions at its inner end and when the
cartridge is pressed downwardly into the container the pressure put on
the contents of the container forces the rubber neck tightly on to the
periphery of the lo1 cartridge thereby preventing the overflowing of
the brine and the metal backed rubber disc aforesaid which operates as
a non-return valve will allow the brine to rise in the cartridge as
will be well understood. 110 After regeneration the cartridge can be
rinsed by inserting it into the said brine container filled with fresh
water and several such operations will remove any free brine from the
cartridge. 115
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