5211 5215.output

* GB785618 (A)
Description: GB785618 (A) ? 1957-10-30
Improvements in or relating to thermostatic devices
Description of GB785618 (A)
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Thermostatic Devices.
We, THE BRITISH THERMOSTAT COMPANY
LIMITED, a British Company, of Teddington
Works, Windmill Road, Sunbury-on-Thames,
Middlesex, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a
patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be
performed, to be particularly described in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to thermostatic devices in which the movements
of the operated member, which may be a valve, switch or the like, are
effected by the thermal expansion of liquid in a charged system
consisting of a flexible capsule of either the bellows or diaphragm
type arranged to act on the operated member and communicating through
a capillary tube with a phial or bulb which is subjected to the
temperature to be controlled.
In thermally sensitive systems of this kind it is essential to provide
some means for counteracting the effects of the head temperature, i.e.
the temperature of any heat acting on the liquid that is contained
within the capillary tube and the capsule, in order that the operated
member shall respond accurately to variations in the temperature at
the phial and thereby maintain accurate control of this temperature.
One known method of counteracting the effects of the head temperature
is to transmit the movements of the capsule to the operated member
through the intermediary of a hi-metallic element responsive to the
head temperature. Such an arrangement is not entirely satisfactory,
however, because of the inability of the bi-metallic element to
develop high torque values for small temperature variations. For
example, a bimetal that is selected to give a relatively large
deflection has to be made from relatively thin material because of the

limited space available inside thermostatic devices, with the result
that the element is not rigid enough to cope with variations in the
load, due to friction and the like, from the operated member.
The object of the present invention is to provide improved means for
compensating for the effects of head temperature in a thermally
sensitive system of the kind referred to.
According to the invention, in a thermostatic device having a
thermally sensitive system of the kind referred to, the expanding
movements of the capsule are transmitted to the operated member
through the intermediary of a spring of sufficient stiffness to
overcome any load from the operated member, and an additional capsule
charged with liquid and subjected to the head temperature is arranged
to act on the operated member independently of the main capsule and
against the opposition of said spring, said additional capsule being
movable with the main capsule but expansible relatively thereto in
response to an increase in the head temperature so as to adjust the
operated member, against the resistance of said spring, relatively to
the main capsule and in the reverse direction to that of the movement
of the operated member by the expansion of the main capsule.
According to a further feature of the invention the spring acts as an
overload device to protect the system against damage if the liquid
therein continues to expand, due to temperature conditions at the
phial, when the movement of the operated member is arrested, for
example by the valve seat if the operated member is a valve,
The compensating capsule is preferably of the bellows type and is so
designed that its movement/temperature characteristics are directly
proportional to its length but independent of its diameter. This is
achieved by providing the capsule with flat, rigid end-plates so that
the contained volume is dependent only on the form and dimensions of
the bellows of the capsule. The extension of the capsule is then
derived from the sum : -
expanded volume
transverse area i.e. expanded length X transverse area
transverse area and the transverse area therefore has no influence on
the capsule's movement/temperature characteristics. Thus, the diameter
af the bellows does not have to be determined within fine limits such
as are compulsory in liquidexpansion systems that have additional
sensitive capacity in the form of a phial or a length of tubing for
compensating for the effects of head temperature.
The spring which opposes the expansion of the compensating capsule and
through which the expanding movements of the main capsule are
transmitted to the operated member (which spring will be hereinafter
referred to as "the intermediate spring") is arranged to maintain the
liquid in the compensating capsule under a pressure substantially the

same as that obtaining in the main capsule.
A variation in the degree of compensation can be achieved by charging
the compensating capsule to a different initiaI length aril/or
selecting a liquid with a different coefficient of expansion.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to
the accompanying drawings of which the single figure shows a sectional
elevation of a combind gas cock and valve assembly incorporating the
compensating means according to the invention.
Referring to the drawing, a gas supply cock I of the rotary plug type
is mounted in a casing 2 having an inlet passage 3 adapted to be
connected to a main gas apply and an outlet passage 4 adapted to be
connected to the gas burners in an oven.
Communication between the said inlet and outlet passages is controlled
by the plug cock 1 and by a valve member 5 movable towards and away
from a normally fixed but adjustable seating 6 by the operation of a
flexible metallic bellows device 7 connected in known manner by a
capillary tube 8 to a thermally sensitive phial 9 disposed adjacent
the burners. The bellows, tube and phial form a closed system charged
with a liquid whose expansion under heat causes the bellows 7 to
expand and move the valve member 5 towards its seating 6. Adjustment
in the position of this seating varies the temperature range of the
apparatus, that is to say, it will raise or lower the temperature at
which the gas supply to the burners will be reduced or cut off. The
mechanism provided by the present invention for adjusting the position
of the valve seating 6 will now be described.
The adjustable seating 6 is formed at the lower end of a cylindrical
element 10 slidably mounted in a vertical cylindrical passage 11
forming a communication between the inlet and outlet passages in the
casing, a by-pass passage 12 being provided between the cylindrical
passage 11 and the outlet passage 4 to prevent the burner flames being
extinguished when the valve member 5 is seated. The cylindrical
element 10 is connected to the lower end of a trimming rod 13
extending vertically in a position offset from the axis of the plug
cock 1. The upper end 14 of the trimming rod is bent at right angles
and passes through slots in a main range screw 15 which immediately
surrounds the rod and in a sleeve 16 disposed rotatably around a
cylindrical casing extension 17 through which the trimming rod 13
passes axially and in which the main range screw 15 has screw-threaded
en=,age- ment. The exterior of the rotatable sleeve 16 carries an
operating knob (not shown).
Rotation of this knob is communicated through the upper bent end 14 of
the trimming rod 13 to the range screw 15 which is also turned
carrying the rod and adjusting the valve seating 6 to vary the closing
position of the thermostatically controlled valve 5 In the embodiment

shown, the upper end of the cylindrical element 10 is separate from
the lower end of the trimming rod 13 and is urged to follow its
movement by a spring 18 acting on the seating 6. The bellows 19 acts
as a sealing member between the fixed and moving parts.
In order to compensate for errors in position of the valve head 5
caused by varying temperatures at the lower end of the device use is
made of the compensating arrangement now to be described.
The main capsule in the form of bellows 7 is provided at its movable
or free end with a flanged cup 20 in which the intermediate spring 21
is disposed. The spring extends beyond the flanged rim of the cup 20,
which rim is fixed to The end of the bellows wall of the main capsule,
to engage the base of a
U-shaped member 22 within which the compensating capsule 23 is
located. Fixed across the open top of the U-shaped mem 22 ?g? is a
bridge piece 25 to which the operated member, i.e. valve element 5, is
connected. The compensating capsule, which is also of the bellows type
but is self-contained, is arranged coaxially of the main capsule, and
at its end remote therefrom is anchored to the centre of a yoke member
24 which passes freely through the Ushaped member 22 substantially at
rightangles thereto. The yoke member 24 is formed with flanged ends
that are held in contact with the flanged rirn of the cup 20 on the
main capsule by the latter's return spring, i.e. the spring 18 which
acts through a sliding guide member 26 and is provided to oppose the
expanding movements of the main capsule, so that the compensating
capsule 23 moves bodily with the free end of the main capsule in both
directions. The free end of the compensating capsule 23 bears on the
base of the U-shaped member 22 against the opposition of the
intermediate spring 21, and the arrangement is such that the liquid in
the (closed) capsule 23 is maintained by the spring at the same
pressure as that obtaining in the main capsule.
In operation, the movement of the free end of the main capsule 7 due
to a rise in temperature at the~ phial 9 is transmitted through the
intermediate spring 21 to the
U-shaped member 22 and thus to the valve element 5, the spring being
of sufficient stiffness to overcome any load that may reasonably be
expected from the valve element, such as the load caused by frictional
resistance to movement thereof. The movement of the main capsule is
also transmitted through the yoke member 24 to the compensating
capsule 23 and there is thus no charge in the relative positions of
the various parts of the compensating assembly.
If the head temperature now increases, the main capsule will be
extended further by a ccrresponding amount. The compensating capsule
will be simultaneously extended by the same amount in the opposite
direction, however, and thereby act on the U-shaped member 22

independently of the main capsule, and against the opposition of the
intermediate spring, to maintain the position of the valve element 5
constant in relation to its seating 6. To permit this relative
extension sf the two capsules, the yoke member to which the
compensating capsule is anchored, and which moves with the free end of
the main capsule, is free to move axially in the U-shaped member.
If, as a result of temperature conditions at the phial 9, the main
capsule continues to expand when the valve element is fully closed and
is thus, together with the Ushaped member 22, Drevented from further
movement, the intermediate spring 21 a'osorbs flits continued
expansion and the yoke member 24 moves the compensating capsule away
from the base of the U-shaped member. There is thus no danger of any
damage being inflicted on the system by such over-expansion.
In order that the operation of the return spring 18 shall not be
affected in any way by the intermediate spring 21, even when the
latter is under increased compression due to the expansion of the
compensating capsule, the return spring is made with a load value in
excess of that of the intermediate spring. The actual load value of
the spring is determined from the ratio of the transverse area of the
main capsule to that of the compensating capsule, multiplied by the
load of the intermediate spring. As this ratio can be approximately 5
to 1, there is thus no danger of the intermediate spring interfering
with the operation of the return spring.
What we claim is : -
1. A thermostatic device having a thermally sensitive system of the
kind referred to, in which the expanding movements of the main capsule
are transmitted to the operated member through the intermediary of a
spring of sufficient stiffness to overcome any load from the operated
member, and in which an additional self-contained capsule charged with
liquid and subjected to the head temperature is arranged to act on the
operated member independently of the main capsule and against the
opposition of said spring, said additional capsule being movable with
the main capsule but expansible oppositely thereto in response to an
increase in the head temperature so as to adjust the operated member,
against the resistance of said spring, relatively to the main capsule
and in the reverse direction to that of the movement of the operated
member by the expansion of the main capsule.
2. A thermostatic device as claimed in
Claim 1, in which the spring acts as an overload device to protect the
system against damage if the liquid therein continues to expand, due
to temperature conditions at the phial, when the movement of the
operated member is arrested, for example by the valve seat if the
operated member is a valve.
3. A thermostatic device provided with temperature compensating means

substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
* GB785619 (A)
Description: GB785619 (A) ? 1957-10-30
An improved electrical relay device
PATENT SPECIFICATION
Inventors: SAMUEL NEVILLE SHAW MEB and EDWARD HARRY ATTENBURROW 785619
Date of filing Complete Specification: Feb 8, 1956.
Application Date: Feb 24, 1955.
No 5565/55.
Complete Specification Published: Oct 30, 1957.
Index at acceptance:-Class 40 ( 4), F 9 (C: J).
International Classification:-HOE 3 f COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
An improved Electrical Relay Device We, PA Rm Em O LIMITED, a British
Company, of Parmeko Works, Percy Road, Aylestone Park, Leicester, do
hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be
granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be
particularly described in and by the following statement:-
This invention appertains to electrical noncontact making changeover
relay devices, and glas reference particularly to such devices of the
class having two interconnected circuits each incorporating a signal
receiving element and in which the acceptance of a signal by one
element causes one of the two circuits to be operative and the other
inoperative, whereas upon reversal of the polarity of sudh signal at
the start of the said eleinent or the transference of the same signal
to the other element the operative circuit becomes inoperative and the
previously inoperative circuit is rendered operative.
In using a relay of the class referred to, transference of signals to
and fro between the accepting elements can be effected either at will,
or automatically, e g in response to any appropriate external
conditions, and the output from each of the two interconnected
circuits in the operative condition can be used to operate a warning
or signalling device, such as a lamp, or can be amplified for

actuating solenoids, electromechanical devices, and so on, according
to requirements.
The objeczt of the present invention is to provide an improved relay
device olf the class referred to, as will be hereinafter described.
The relay device according to this invention includes two auto-excited
transductors, each having two A C output windings, two rectifier
elements for effecting the auto excitation, a single cut-off winding
and a single control winding, the said control windings being so
arranged that a signal from a D C source can be fed into either of
them, the transductors being generally so interconnected that a
proportion of the output power of one is fed into the lPrice 3 s 6 d l
cut-off winding of the other, depending onil which control winding
accepts a signal, and the arrangement being such that the acceptance
of a signal by either transductor causes the output of this same
transductor to, be at a minimum and the output of the other
transductor to be at a maximum, and that the output of the last
mentioned transductor can be caused to be at a minimum whilst the
output of the first mentioned transductor is at a maximum, either by
transferring the said signal from the control winding of the first
mentioned transductor to the other control winding or by reversing the
polarity of the signal at the start of the control winding of said
first mentioned transductor, and vice versa.
The electrical connections of a relay device incorporating this
invention are shown in the accompanying drawing, in which the two
transductors are denoted A and B In this drawing the A C output
windings of transductor A have been designated 1 and 2, its
auto-exlcited rectifier elements 3 and 4, its single cut-off winding
5, and its single D C.
control winding 6 In the case of transductor B there are A C output
windings 7 and 8, auto-excited rectifier elements 9 and 10, a single
cut-off winding 11 and a single D C.
control winding 12.
Eadh of the D C output windings of one trans'ductor (e g winding 1) is
connected at one end to the associated rectifier element (e.g 3) and
at the other to one end of the single cut-off winding (e g 11) of the
other transductor Centre tappings 13 and 14 are taken off the windings
5 and 11 respectively and these tappings are connected in parallel to
one pole of an A C supply, the other pole of which is branched to the
loads (e g lamps) and 16 associated respectively with transductors 1
and 2 As will be observed, the output connections from rectifier
elements 3 and 4 are connected in parallel to the line incorporating
load 15, and similarly with the rectifier elements 9 and 10 and load
16.
SO The operation of the device is, therefore, such that when the

positive of a D C signal is applied to the start S of the control
winding of either transductor and the signal is accepted by that
winding the output of the same transductor will be reduced to a
minimum as a consequence of which the proportion of this reduced
output which is fed into the cut-off winding of the other transductor
will be commensurately reduced to a minimum Now since it is a
characteristic of each of the transductors incorporated in the
improved relay device that the output thereof is at a maximum when no
signal is applied at its control winding, or the negative of a signal
is applied to the start S of said winding, and no current is
accordingly being fed into the cut-off winding of the same
transductor, it follows that the output of the other transductor will
rise to its permitted maximum Thus, referring to the drawing, when the
positive of a D C signal is applied to the start S of the control
winding 6 of transductor A and the signal is accepted by the said
winding the output of A will be automatically reduced to a minimum,
whilst the output of transductor B is simultaneously caused to rise to
a maximum Conversely, if and when the same D C.
signal is removed from the terminals of the control winding 6 and is
transferred to the terminals of the control winding 12 of the
transductor B, with the positive of the signal applied to the start S
cif the winding 12, then the output of B will be reduced to a minimum
and the output of A will rise to a maximum.
Instead of transferring the signal from the control winding 6 to the
control winding 12 in the manner just described, precisely the same
result can be achieved by reversing the polarity of the signal applied
to the winding 6, that is to say by applying the positive of the
signal to the finish F instead of the start S of the winding 6.
Similarly, when the positive of a D C signal is applied to the start S
of the control winding 12 of transductor B and the signal is accepted
by the said winding the output of B will be automatically reduced to a
minimum whilst the output of the transductor A is simultaneously
caused to rise to a maximum If and when the same D C signal is removed
from the terminals of the control winding 12 and is transferred to the
terminals of the control winding 6 of the transductor A, with the
positive of the signal applied to the start S of the winding 6, then
the output of A will be reduced to a minimum and the output of B will
rise to a maximum Here again, instead of transferring the signal from
the control winding 12 to the control winding 6, the same result could
be achieved by applying the positive of the signal to the finish F
instead of the start S of the winding 12.
As will be aunreciated, with the improved relay in operation neither
of its two interconnected magnetic circuits are at any time actually
broken; but when the output of either transductor is reduced to a

minimum the output circuit of this transductor can for all practical
intents and purposes be regarded as being inoperative Thus, for
instance, if the outputs from the transductors are used to light
lamps, then the lamp which is connected at any given time to the
transductor whose output at that time is reduced to alninimum as
aforesaid will not emit any light, albeit that A.C current is still
flowing through the filament of the lamp-the reason being that the
value of this current is too small even to cause the filament to glow
It is only when the A C output of the same transductor is caused to
rise to its maximum that the lamp will light up.
Moreover, when once the output circuit of, for example, the
transductor A is at a maxi 85 mum and that of the companion
transductor B is at a minimum the continuing presence of A.C current
in the interconnected magnetic circuits will maintain these conditions
even if the D C signal which initiated them is 90 removed from the
control winding 6 of the transductor B And these conditions can then
only be reversed, to render the output circuit of the transductor B a
maximum and that of the transductor A a minimum, either by apply 95
ing a D C signal to the control winding 6 or by reversing the polarity
of the signal applied to the control winding 12.
Any appropriate method of feeding a proportion of the output power of
either trans 100 ductor into the cut-off winding of the other as
aforesaid may be adopted In performing this in the preferred
embodiment of the invention illustrated, the connections of the
cut-off windings are such that the D C currents flowing 105 in the A C
windings of either transductor act as control currents in the other
transductor.
This represents an important and advantageous feature in that it
reduces the components incorporated in the improved relay to 110 a
minimum.
A D C signal applied to the control winding of a transductor may be in
the form either of a single pulse of short duration or of a train of
pulses The D C input may be de 115 rivedfrom a battery, from the anode
circuit of a thermionic valve or from the output of a suitable
rectifier supplied with A C The electrical non-contact making
changeover relay of this invention will function on very 120 low input
wattages-in the order of llt W.
On the other hand the outputs of the two transductors may be fed into
the control winding of a magnetic amplifier designed to supply higher
powers to any appropriate apparatus 125 The windings of each
transductor may advantageously be toroidally wound on a spiral core.
The improved relay may, if desired, be permanently embodied in a
suitably moulded one 130 785,619 785,619 piece casing, for example one
made of a polyester resin In any event, the size of the magnetic relay

of this invention will generally be about the same as, and need not be
larger than, the equivalent electromechanical relay.
The particular non-contact making changeover relay herein described
would be eminently suitable for the control and operation of, say,
green and red indicating lamps in any circumstances wherein the green
lamp is normally alight to indicate that a process, machine, apparatus
or the like is functioning properly and wherein it is desired that the
green lamp shall be extinguished and the red lamp lit up, in the event
of abnormal functioning or failure of the said process, machine or
apparatus In such a case the development of the abnormality or failure
would effect, or at least initiate, a transference of the D C signal
from one control winding to the other.
For convenience, the D C input lines to the two control windings may
be three in number, viz a common centre line and two outer lines Thus,
the centre line and one of the two outer lines provides one pair of
lines to receive D C signals for acceptance by the appropriate one of
the control windings, whilst the said centre line and the other outer
line provides what is, in effect, another pair of lines to receive
signals for acceptanice by the companion control winding.
* Sitemap
* Accessibility
* Legal notice
* Terms of use
* Last updated: 08.04.2015
* Worldwide Database
* 5.8.23.4; 93p
* GB785620 (A)
Description: GB785620 (A) ? 1957-10-30
Improvements relating to fluid pressure braking systems for road vehicles
Date of filing Complete Specification: March 8, 1956.
Application Date: March 8, 1955 No 6743155.

Index at Acceptance:-Class 103 ( 1), E 2 G 1, F 1 Bi.
International Classification:-B 61 h B 62 d.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Fluid Pressure Braldng Systems for Road
Vehicles.
We, WESTINGHOUSE BR Ax E & SI Ga TAI COMPANY LIMITED, a Company
incorporated under the laws of Great Britain, and ARTHUR W A Mrira SM
Mo Ns, a Subject of the Queen of Great Britain, both of 82, York Way,
King's Cross, London, N 1, England, do hereby declare the invention,
for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method
by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to fluid pressure braking systems for road
vehicles of the kind in which brakes are operated by compressed air or
vacuum under the control of a pedal operated control valve which, to
release the brakes, places the brake cylinders in communication with a
passage, herein referred to as an exhaust passage, through which air
passes to or from the brake cylinders in order to release the brakes
Such brakes are herein termed air brakes and it is to be understood
that this term includes both those controlled by compressed air and
those controlled by vacuum.
It is sometimes desirable that vehicles, especially heavy vehicles,
equipped with air brakes controlled in normal manner by means of a
foot pedal and with mechanically operated hand brakes, should be
provided with means for increasing the power of the hand brakes when,
for example, starting from rest on a steep hill when both feet of the
driver are engaged with the operation of the accelerator and clutch
pedals and the vehicle has accordingly been prevented from moving back
by the hand brake.
In an attempt to solve this problem, it has previously been proposed
to utilise the air supply and the cylinders of the air brake, and to
provide a separate control valve, operated by the hand brake lever,
with a lPrice 3 s 6 d l double cheek valve to connect it to the normal
power system.
It has also been proposed to provide the 45 hand brake with an
isolating valve in the pipe line from the normal control valve to the
brake cylinders, together with a by-pass cheek valve in parallel with
the isolating valve 50 Both of these arrangements are expensive and
need connections to the air brake system and the addition of piping
and valves provides additional points of possible leakage and further
pieces of apparatus which may fail 55 According to the invention an
additional valve is provided interposed in the exhaust passage of the
pedal operated valve and controlling communication between this

passage and the external atmosphere, this additional 60 valve being
normally open and arranged to be operated to its closed position by
the driver of the vehicle so as to close the exhaust passage and thus
prevent the release of the air brakes.
Preferably the closure of the additional valve is arranged to be
effected by the operation of the hand brake lever so that the valve
remains closed for all braking positions of this lever 70
Alternatively the additional valve may take the form of a simple cock
operated from the vehicle dashboard or other suitable point.
It will be seen that by this arrangement 75 there is no modification
made to the normal air brake system, and therefore no additional risk
of leakage Furthermore, failure of the additional valve cannot prevent
the satisfactory application of the normal air brake 80 The method of
operation is simple The vehicle can be stopped on a hill by means of
the air brake, in the usual manner by operating the pedal operated
control valve.
785,620 The hand brake may then be applied and the driver is then able
to release his foot brake pedal without releasing the air brakes and
has both feet free for the operation of the clutch and accelerator for
starting, the air brake being graduated off at will by means of the
hand brake lever.
The accompanying drawing is a view in longitudinal section
illustrating a preferred construction of the additional valve of the
invention.
Referring now to the drawing, it wil I be seen that the valve
comprises a casing or body 1 in which is slidably mounted an operating
rod 2 the end of which projecting beyond the casing 1 is
screw-threaded and carries a cross-head 4.
Adjacent to the opposite end of the casing an exhaust chamber 5 is
provided communicating with the external atmosphere through a port or
passage 6 An internal partition 7 separates the chamber 5 from a
chamber 8 in open communication with the exhaust of the pedal control
valve of the braking system through a port or passage 9.
A valve seat member 10 having a seat rib 11 is mounted in the
partition 7 and the reduced end 12 of the rod 2 passes through the
interior of the seat member 10 as shown.
A valve member 13 is located in an extension of the chamber S and is
provided with an annular leather or rubber packing 14 and a
controlling spring 15.
The cross-head 4 is mechanically coupled in any suitable manner to the
hand brake lever so that when the latter is in its release position
the parts of the valve occupy the position shown, the valve member 13
being held off the valve seat rib 11 against the opposing action of
the spring 15 by the rod 2 the end 12 of which engages with the head

16 of a short bolt holding the packing 14 in position in the valve
member 13 The position of the operating rod 2 can be adjusted by
rotating the cross-head 4 and securing the latter by a locking nut 17.
It will be evident that under these conditions the exhaust port or
passage 9 is in free communication with the atmosphere through the
port or passage 8 and the air brakes can thus be released in the
normal manner.
When, however, the hand brake lever is moved to a braking position the
rod 2 is moved by the cross-head 4 to withdraw the reduced end 12 of
rod 2 from engagement with the bolt head 16 of the valve member 13 and
the latter is -then free to move into engagement with the valve seat
member 10, the packing 14 seating on the rib 11 thus cutting off
communication between the chambers 5 and S so as to shut off the
exhaust port 9 from the atmosphere.
The pedal of the air brake control valve can thus be released by the
driver without causing release of the air brake which will remain
applied until the additional valve is reopened by releasing the hand
brake lever.
This release of the air brake can evidently be graduated if necessary
by intermittently operating the hand brake lever to its release
position.
In an alternative arrangement the additional valve may be constituted
by a simple hand operated valve or cock having the means to operate it
by hand mounted on the dashboard or other position convenient to the
driver.
It will be seen from the foregoing that the invention provides a
simple and inexpensive means for controlling the release of the brakes
of a compressed air or vacuum braking system by hand without impairing
the efficiency of the system and without increasing the risk of
leakage in the system.
so
* Sitemap
* Accessibility
* Legal notice
* Terms of use
* 5.8.23.4; 93p
* GB785621 (A)

Description: GB785621 (A) ? 1957-10-30
Improvements to filtering network
7859621 tg illi A Date of Application and filing Complete
Specification: March 15, 1955.
No 7559/55.
Application made in France on March 19, 1954.
Index at acceptance:-Classes 40 ( 5), L 26 H; and 40 ( 8), U( 2 A 2 A:
3 C: 4 C: 12 F).
International Classification:-H 03 h H 04 c.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements to Filtering Network We, Socii TL NOUVELLE DE L'OUTILLAGE
R.B V ET DE LA RADIO-INDUSTRIE, 43-45, Avenue Kldber, Paris 16 eme,
France, a Body Corporate organised according to the laws of France, do
hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be
granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be
particularly described in and by the following statement:-
The invention relates to the realisation of filtering networks of
transfer characteristic of the type G((o) such that A sin a(Q-w 0)
G(-) = a(a-EO ) where A and a are parameters independent of the
frequency f O of the incoming signal lf O r = -l 27 r assuming that f
O may take any value including zero The use of such filtering networks
is very wide Indeed they can be used each time that it is necessary to
develop a transfer characteristic of the type G(w) since they may
operate in a very wide band of frequencies from video frequencies (f =
0) up to ultrahigh frequencies and hyper-frequencies as will appear
later on This wave shaping may be required either at the transmitting
end or at the receiving end of a transmission channel.
Considering the use of such circuits at the receiving end, some
results of the information theory should be recalled to point out the
advantages which are provided by the use of circuits according to the
invention in detecting incoming, pulses which are mixed up with noise
signals Indeed, it is well known that the best conditions to detect
such signals when the noise is supposed to show a random distribution
in all the frequency spectrum, is to use a receiver the gain or
transfer characteristic of which is conjugated with the information

through a Fourier transformation Function G(w) may be shown to be the
Fourier transformation of a sinusoidal oscillation at frequency f,
which is modulated by a rectangular pulse of duration 2 a Since this
function is real, it is its own conjugate This shows that the filters
according to the invention are the best circuits to detect recurrent
pulses which are received together with a randomly distributed noise
signal Such a problem has a very large technical application since it
corresponds to the problem of reception in most of the pulse type
telecommunications at fixed carrier frequency, and also to all the
pulse detecting systems such as radar.
The description which follows is mainly directed to the use and
embodiment of the filter according to the invention when applied to
the reception of pulses However, this choice of one particular type of
utilisation of the filters according to the invention should not be
considered as a limitation of its scope of application Indeed, the
filter according to the invention is also very useful when used to
operate on video signals, that is rectangular pulses which do not
modulate any carrier wave.
Such filters may be used indeed as aperture correcting means in pulse
transmitters or receivers.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a filtering
network the transfer characteristic of which is of the type.
A sin a (w-(,) G(-) = a It is another object of the invention to
provide means whereby a filtering network of transfer characteristic A
sin al(w-o)-) G(-) = a may be obtained by combination of lumped or
distributed impedances.
It is another object of the invention to pro2 785,621 vide means for
the realisation of a circuit, the transfer function is of the type A
sin a ( 4-wo) G(-) = comprising a limited number of circuit elements.
It is another object of the invention to provide means of realisation
of a filter of transfer characteristic A sin a (o,-coo) G(o) = a (w
0-o) in which f O =-may take any particular value 2 z T including
zero.
According to the present invention we provide a filtering network of
transfer characteristic A sin a (w-tow,) G(a) = a (where A and a are
parameters independent from the pulsation W and wo is a constant such
K 2 nz that W where N is an integer and K a is an integer > O
comprising elementary cells in series connection, each cell comprising
at least a delay line, a direct connection in parallel with said delay
line and an additive network for the direct and the delayed portions
of the signal, the delays introduced by the different cells being
chosen so as to constitute a geometric series of decrement -2, the
largest delay introduced by any one of the cells being equal to
parameter a.

Preferably an amplifier stage is provided between successive cells.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the coupling element
between cells comprises an additive stage which provides the direct
connection and which is connected in parallel with the delay line.
In other embodiment of the invention, amplification may be provided at
the output of each cell or of some of the cells or at the end of the
filtering network.
According to another feature of the invention, the band-pass filter
associated to the cells may be constituted by several elementary
bandpass filters connected separately to individual cells and showing
different characteristics versus frequency It may also be included in
the source of input signals when such a source comprises a pulse
receiver the pass-band characteristic of which is of course limited.
As is well known from the theory, the transfer characteristic of the
filtering network is the product of the transfer characteristic of
each of its constitutive cells Such a product is of the algebraic type
and therefore, it is possible to change the order of succession of the
different cells which constitute the filter from the normal sequential
order of terms of the series of decrement -i- This is also the reason
why it is possible to constitute the passband filter associated with
the elementary cells as several elementary filters where such a
possibility is preferred from the technical point of view.
To fully understand the operation of the filter according to the
invention, it is necessary to recall some well known mathematical
results.
Curves A and B of figure 1 of the accompanying drawings show
respectively a rectangular impulse as a voltage amplitude versus time,
and the Fourier transformation of such a signal as amplitude versus
frequency f or pulsation W (with W= 2 Ar The mathematical expression
of impulse A in terms of the time t may be written as:
A = lU(t + a) U(t a) exp I outl =A(t) ( 2) where U(t) is Heaviside's
impulse function, 2 a is the pulse duration and o) the pulsation of
the carrier wave of frequency f E The Fourier transformation of
function Aft) is given by G(w) with sin (s-to)) a G()) = K ( 0)-0)o) a
( 3) 80 Function G(w) may also be written as follows:
G(O) = Y Kl lcos (t,) a/2 l lcos (t-o)a/4 l sin (w-w 0) a/2 " .lcos (
o),a/2 "l l (S-so) a/2 ( ( 4) When N becomes infinite the product of
equation 4 is convergent and therefore, it is possible to write
G(o)n-=K lco S a/2 ( lcos ( 5-)) a/4 l lcos a/16 l lcos (o-w) a/2 "l
ne-oc ( 5) If identity 5 is limited to a finite number of terms, the
'limited product gn( 0)) is no longer identical to Goo) However, in a
limited range of variations of the variable ( 0-o) around (o, gn( 0))
is all the more near to G(Lo) that the number of terms of the product
of cosine is greater Accordingly, if N terms are considered n being

finite, and representing the number of cells which constitute the
filter network, the limited product 78,5,621 785,621 g.(,) = D cos
(o-w 0) a/2 cos (w-o) a/4 cos (-) a/2 ( 6) may be taken instead of
G(H) in a frequency periodical function of w, the period being ( O
band around f, = -.
27 r T= a This function is an even function K 2 n of (w-o) Curve C of
figure 1 is representaThe right end part of equation 6 is a tive of
function g,,(w) such as g,,(w) = 2 cos (w-co 0) a/2 cos (w-wo) a/4 cos
(w-w) a/8.
( 7) Around w-oj, curve C is very near curve B. 8 The periodicity of
curve C is F= and the a frequency interval between a maximum and 4 the
adjacent minimum is df=-.
a Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an elementary cell constituting
the filter according to the invention E shows the input of the cell.
Lead 1 shows the direct coupling between input E and the additive
circuit 3 which feeds output S 2 is the elementary delay line The
filtering network is supposed to comprise n such elementary cells The
delays introduced by successive elementary delay lines such as 2,
constitute a geometrical decreasing series of decrement the longest
delay being equal to a The output signal developed at terminal S feeds
a band pass filter tuned at frequency f, or an harmonic of f L As will
be understood, this filter may be connected to any other elementary
cell of the type shown on Figure 2, the elementary delay line 2 of
which introduces a a a delay where p-1 <n if is the shortest 2 P t 2 n
delay of any cell of the network (p relating to the pth network, and
being an integer whose value lies between 1 and n, according to the
cell being considered).
Figure 3 shows a filter incorporating three elementary cells The
output band-pass filter is shown at 4.
It is easy to show that the transfer characteristic of the circuit
made of a set of elementary cells such as shown on Figure 2 is of the
form g(w) which has been referred to above.
Let A(t) be the input signal applied at E of the elementary cell of
Figure 2 The output signal from delay line 2 may be written as A, =
A(t) expj -a/21 ( 8) assuming that this cell is the (n-1)th.
The output signal from the elementary cell is given by 51 =,A(t) ( 1 +
expjwa/2 n-1) ( 9) = A(t) ( 1 + cos a/2 ' + j sin a/20-1) ( 10) The
transfer characteristic of the elementary cell is thereby given by St
gm-, ((') = A(t) gn-1 (-) = ( 2 cos t a/20) expjpv sin x a/2 n-1 tan o
= =tan a) a/2 " 1 + cos (o a/2 n-1 ( 11) ( 12) ( 13) 55 The transfer
characteristic of a set of three elementary stages such as shown on
Figure 3 is given by:
(na wa wa woa g,(-)=( 2 cos o a/2) ( 2 cos W a/4) l 2 cos-expj'(- -±)l
8 2 4 8 ( 14) since the successive delays introduced by the elementary

delay lines constitute a geometrical series of decrement - When the
input signal A(t) is a rectangular pulse such as shown by curve A of
figure 1 and if the carrier wave 2 'n K frequency f is such that f =
where K is a an integer, the carrier wave amplitude of the output
signal from each elementary cell will be in phase at the maximums and
minimums of the representative curve as explained above (see curve B
and C of Figure 1 in the vicinity of W = % or w=nwo,).
K 2 n The condition f O = corresponds to a values of ao) such that the
terms in cosine of the equation sin (w-woo) a G(-)=' for t=uto are
simultaneously equal to + 1 or -1 Therefore, at frequency f of the
carrier wave, each -one of the terms of the product must be either
minimum or maximum This condition may be written by reference to
equation ( 14):
C 03 a W O a oa -=-+ 2 k-r =-2 k'sr 2 4 8 k a In other words, the
carrier frequency should be a multiple of the reciprocal of the
shortest delay (a/8) introduced by one of the elementary cells of the
filter network Assuming that a is known it is easy to fulfill this
condition, by heterodyning the input signal with a local oscillator of
correct frequency When the filter is such as shown on Figure 3, that
is when the filter comprises three elementary cells, the transfer
characteristic of the circuit is equation ( 14) The filter is
connected to a band pass filter 4 which transmits only the output
signal frequencies which surround frequency f or another maximum or
minimum of curve C of Figure 1 The dashed line on curve C shown by
reference 4 corresponds to the band pass characteristic of output
filter 4 of figure 3.
It may be seen that each time another elementary cell is added to the
filter, another cosine term is added to the transfer characteristic
equation In other words, the frequency interval df between two
successive maximums of the representative curve of the transfer
function g(w) is multiplied by 2 This remark will help in designing
filter 4 It is also easy to show that the output energy transmitted
through pass-band filter 4 is increased approximately by the same
factor 2 Therefore, it is possible to decide how many cells will 'be
used to obtain a given energy at the output of the filter.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 show detailed wiring diagrams of embodiments of the
invention designed for reception of pulses, the duration of which ( 2
a) is equal to pus at a carrier frequency f of 16 Mcs These numerical
values have been chosen because they correspond to actual realisations
but do not constitute any limitation to the scope of application of
the filters according to the invention Of course, owing to the fact
that the total delay of the elementary cells is at most equal to the
pulse duration, the input signal which may be applied to the circuits
according to the invention should have a recurrent periodicity smaller

than the pulse duration.
The reference numbers on Figure 4 are the same as the one used on
Figures 2 and 3 The delay line introduces a delay a= 0 5,us.
In a particular embodiment of the invention the line is made of an
artificial line comprising 60 identical cells made of a coil of
inductance L = 4 9 j JH and a condenser of capacity C= 25 p F The
mutual inductance between two adjacent turns of the coil is
approximatively 0 09 p H The total inductance of the 65 line is 250
AH; the characteristic impedance is equal in value to the resistance
of terminal resistors R that approximates 530 ohms The
complete/elementary delay line of forty cells is placed on an
insulating plate of 30 centi 70 meter length As shown, the delayed
signal delivered by the line is applied to the control grid of valve
V, The input signal is transmitted, through attenuator R 11 which
provides the same attenuation as the delay line so that 75 the peak
levels of both signals should be equal, to the control grid of a
second valve V 2 Addition of these two signals is obtained by
connecting the plates of valves V 1 and V 2 in parallel The output
signal is applied by means 80 of coupling condenser C, of high
capacity to the following stage of the filter shown at 12.
This stage is designed in the same way as the stage which has just
been described with the difference that the delay line comprises only
85 identical cells In the same way, stage 13 of the filter includes a
delay line comprising 10 identical cells which introduce a delay equal
to ps The output from stage 13 is fed to passband filter 4 The latter
may be reduced to a 90 circuit tuned at frequency f, the transmission
characteristic of which is as shown on curve C of Figure 1 at 4.
In another embodiment of the invention, the output from attenuator Rll
of each stage is 95 applied directly to the input of the delay line of
the following stage which avoids having to pass the output through
valve VI, the addition being provided directly by connecting in
parallel the direct lead from the anode of valve 100 V, and the delay
line terminal.
Figure 5 shows another embodiment of the invention in which the input
signal is applied to the control grid of a first amplifier stage V
feeding a resistive load R The delay line, 105 shown as an artificial
line of surge impedance R is connected in parallel with load resistor
R.
.The end of the-line is opened (that is the line is terminated on the
condenser of the last cell) so that the signal will be reflected at
the end 110 of the line Therefore, the delay introduced corresponds to
the duration of the propagation of the signal in both directions along
the line.
This delay is equal to 0 5 us The line comprises for instance 20 cells

identical with the 115 one just described and therefore requires a
volume half of -the volume occupied by the delay line -of the first
stage of the embodiment shown of figure 4 The output signal from V 5
is applied to the control grid of amplifier V, 120 785 i 621 785,621 5
which feeds the second stage and so on.
Coupling is performed by condenser 15 of high capacity with respect to
the condensers of the artificial line It is easy to show that the
input impedance of the delay line associated to stage Vs is given by j
R Ze= tan wa/2 where R is the characteristic (or surge) impedance of
the line The load impedance of valve V 5 comprises the parallel
network made of a resistor R and the delay line It is easy to
calculate the modulus of the load impedance Z and the exponent
respectively Z R cos a/2 4 =) a/2 The embodiment shown on Figure 6
requires the use of a greater number of valves but allows
amplification between two successive stages of the filter, together
with automatic compensation of the losses in the delay lines.
In this embodiment, coupling between stages is provided by means of
cathode follower stages which provide a stable operation of the filter
relatively to variations of the internal resistance of the coupling
stages either due to ageing or to the valve manufacture Input signal
is applied to the control grid of amplifier stage V,, the load
impedance of which comprises resistor R connected in series with the
delay line of characteristic resistance R closed on a matched resistor
The delay introduced by the line is 0 5 sus The signal across load
resistor R is applied to the control grid of a first cathode follower
stage V 10 The output signal delayed by the line is applied to the
control grid of a second cathode follower stage V 11.
The output circuits of V,, and V 1, are connected in series by means
of balancing resistors R 1 and R 2 A potentiometer P is used to pickup
the correct fraction of the output signal which is the sum of output
signals from V,0 and Vn 1 The use of two resistors R 1 and R 2 of
different values and the control of the gain of stages V 10 and V,1
enables to compensate, in each stage, the losses occurring in the
delay line The use of valves V 10 and V 11 provides a better
adaptation of the delay line and prevents multiple reflections of the
pulses at the end of the line.
The embodiment shown on figure 5 provides an economy on the required
number of valves and may be advantageously used when the delays a,
a/2, etc, are sufficiently small so that the losses in the delay lines
are negligible.
The embodiment shown on Figure 6 is preferred when this condition is
not fulfilled.
The realisation of the delay line of the different stages depends on
the frequency of operation At ultra high frequency these lines should

comprise either a certain length of transmission line or some kind of
cavity; at microwave frequencies the delay is provided by a length of
wave guide.
When the incoming signal is constituted by video signals, that is
rectangular pulses without carrier wave, the filter according to the
invention may be used and will operate in the same way The delay line
should be designed to operate at video frequencies and the passband
filter 4 is replaced by a low pass output filter.
As was said above, the use of the filter according to the invention is
by no way limitated to pulse reception For instance, if very short
pulses are sent in the filter according to the invention, the output
signal from the first stage (see figure 2) will comprise two short
pulses separated by a time interval equal to the delay a introduced by
the first stage.
This is true if a is very large with respect to a the pulse duration
or more precisely if 2 n which is the shortest delay introduced by any
of the stages constituting the filter, is very small with respect to
the pulse duration of the input signal The output from the second
stage will be a set of four short pulses occurring at a time intervals
of and so on from stage to 2 stage After the nth cell, the output
signal is a set of 2 " pulses which are regularly.
occuring at time intervals and which 2 " occupied a time duration
equal to 2 a ( 1-1).
2 " The envelop of this set of pulses is a pulse of the same duration
This pulse is composed of a finite series of sinusoidal waves, the
frequency of which are successive harmonics and which are set by the
delay introduced by the successive stages of the filter The phasing of
these sinusoidal waves only is determinated by the leading edge of the
input signal.
* Sitemap
* Accessibility
* Legal notice
* Terms of use
* 5.8.23.4; 93p
* GB785622 (A)
Description: GB785622 (A) ? 1957-10-30

Improvements in or relating to horizontal boring, drilling and milling
machines and other machine tools
A high quality text as facsimile in your desired language may be available
amongst the following family members:
CH333610 (A) DE1039338 (B) FR1130493 (A) US2970523 (A)
CH333610 (A) DE1039338 (B) FR1130493 (A) US2970523 (A) less
Translate this text into Tooltip
[85][(1)__Select language]
Translate this text into
The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data
and information originating from other authorities than the EPO; in
particular, the EPO does not guarantee that they are complete,
up-to-date or fit for specific purposes.
785,622 Date of Application and filing Complete Specification May 10,
1955.
No 13483/55.
Application made in United States of America on May 13, 1954.
Complete Specification Published Oct 30, 1957.
Index at Acceptance:-Classes 78 ( 3), H ( 2: 8); and 83 ( 3), D 4 A 3
( 31: 32: J 5), D 4 A 4, D 4 B( 3: 5).
International Classification: -B 23 h B 66 f O COMPLETE SPECIFICATIONT
l Mprovements in or Crekatng to Horizontal Boring, Drilling and Mi
Rling M, es and othher achine Toos We, GIDDINGS & L Ew Is MACHINE To
OL COMPANY, a corporation organised under the laws of the State of
Wisconsin, United States of America, of Fond du Lac, State of
Wisconsin, United States of America, do hereby declare the invention,
for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method
by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by
the following statement:-
The present invention pertains to improvements in horizontal boring,
drilling and milling machines and other machine tools.
The general aim of the invention is to make it possible for the
operator of one of the huge horizontal boring, drilling and milling
machines and other machine tools encountered in current practice, to

be always in position for effective manipulation of the intricate
controls he must deal with, to have a good view of the progress of the
work, and yet not to be fatigued with constant climbing, twisting and
turning in crawling over the machine On his quickness of perception
and shrewdness of judgment depends not only the safety of the machine
itself but also that of the elaborate work in which a large investment
of time and money has often already been made.
Additional objects and advantages of the invention will become
apparent as the following description proceeds, taken in conjunction
with the accompanying drawings, in which:Figure 1 is a front elevation
of part of an exemplary machine tool provided with a combination
operator platform and elevator constructed in accordance with the
features of the present invention; Fig 2 is a plan view corresponding
to Fig 1; Fig 3 is a fragmentary side elevation of the machine
headstock, the operator platform, and the elevating means for the
latter; Fig 4 is a diagrammatic elevational view which is similar to
Fig 3, showing the combined drive of the machine headstock and the
operator platform; lPrice 3 s 6 d l Fig 5 is a fragmentary elevation
showing details of the operator platform drive and limit components;
Fig 6 is a horizontal section, taken generally along the line 6-6 in
Fig 5 and showing details of the platform slide or trolley engaged
with a vertical guide beam; Fig 7 is a detail view taken in horizontal
section substantially along the line 7-7 in Fig 3; Fig 8 is a detail
view taken in vertical section substantially along the line 8-8 in Fig
7; and Fig 9 is a schematic diagram of an electric control circuit for
the elevator platform.
The machine tool which has been selected to illustrate one application
of the invention is a horizontal boring, drilling and milling machine
(Figs 1 and 2) having a vertically movable element or headstock 11
which is translatable along vertical ways 12 carried by an upright
column 14 The column 14 is movable along horizontal ways 15 formed on
a base 16 from which a work bed 18 (partially shown) extends.
Although the details of this particular machine tool are shown only by
way of example and such details may vary in the practice of the
present invention, the headstock 11 may be provided with main and
auxiliary horizontal spindles 19 and 20, together with numerous
control levers and switches 21 The headstock is raised and lowered by
power means driving a vertical elevating screw 24 (Fig 4) which is
journalled in the column 14 and engaged with a nut member on the
headstock itself The headstock during such movement slides along the
ways 12 between their upper and lower extremities.
The machine tool 1-0 also is equipped with a tracer head 25 having a
stylus 26 adapted to follow the contour of a master pattern (not
shown) and through appropriate control circuits to cause relative

movement between a cutting tool on one of the spindles 19 or 20 and
the workpiece (not shown) so that the latter is machined to the same
shape as Lhie pattern the rollers and plugs should an undue amount The
tracer head 25 is mounted on a slide of wear occur on them, or
alternatively, the movable along the vertical ways 12 and rigidly
take-up of such wear by the removal Of shims attached to the headstock
by two tie-rods 28 originally located beneath the cap flanges 41.
The tracer head 25 thus moves in unison with For cooperating with the
elevating screw 35 the headstock 11 along the ways 12, although to
move the platform 29 vertically and at the it is adjustable in a
vertical direction relative same timeto support the ho-sing 36 wvinh
pieper to the headstock by threads and cooperating spacing from the
guide beam 31, a nut 44 nuts provided at the upper ends of the tie
(Figs 7 and 8) is journaled in the lower end rods 28 of the housing 36
by suitable anti-friction bearIn accordance with the present
invention, a ings 45 The nut 44 surrounds the screw 35 novel
arrangement has been provided in the and is threadably engaged with
the latter so illustrated machine for making it possible for that
vertical movement of the platform 29 and an operator to be always in
touch with the the attached housing 26 results from rotation controls
21 as the headstock 11 goes up and of either the screw 35 or nut 44
relative to the down the towering column and yet with full other.
freedom to move swiftly to any other vertical In accomplishing the
objects of the invenlocation on the machine where his presence is
tion, provision is made for rotating the elevator required Pursuant to
that purpose a platform screw 35 whenever the headstock screw 24 is 29
is guided for vertical movement along a driven And means are provided
which are path adjacent the vertical path of the head selectively
operable to lock the nut 44 against stock, and elevating means are
provided for rotation relative to the housing 36 As shown raising or
lowering the platform optionally in in Fig 4, the headstock elevating
screw 24 is unison with the headstock or independently of adapted to
be drivingly rotated by means of a the latter power shaft 48 suitably
connected to a motor As shown in this instance, the machine tool (not
shown) By selective operation of the is equipped with the combination
operator controls 21 on the headstock face, the power support and
elevator platform 29 having a shaft may be driven in either direction
and at guard railing 30 The platform 29 is vertic variable speeds to
raise or lower the headstock.
ally slidable along a guide beam 31 extending The shaft 48 has a bevel
gear 49 meshed with for support between the outer ends of a pair a
mating gear 50 on the lower end of the screw of horizontal extension
arms or brackets 32 24 The shaft 48 also includes an extension and 33
mounted respectively at the upper and 40 a which is journalled in and

projects through lower ends of the column 14 A vertical elevat the
lower bracket 33 and which carries at its ing screw 35 for the
platform 29 is journalled extreme end a second bevel gear 51 which is
at its upper and lower ends in the extremities in driving engagement
with a mating gear 52 of the brackets 32 and 33, such elevating screw
fast on the lower end of the elevator screw 35.
being disposed between the flanges and the The mechanical ratios for
gears 49 and 50 and guide beam 31 which, in this instance, is for
gears 51 and 52 are so chosen with regard formed in the configuration
of an: beam to the pitches of the elevating screws 24 and As shown
best in Fig 3, the platform 29 has 35 that the headstock 11 and
platform 29 move attached at one edge a vertical hollow housing in
unison whenever the power shaft 48 is 36 which surrounds the guide
beam 31 and rotated For example, if the pitches of the the elevating
screw 35 The housing 36 serves screws 24 and 35 are the same, then the
both as a trolley carrier for slidably engaging mechanical ratios for
the gears 49, 50 and 51, the guide beam 31 and as a casing which pro
52 would be identical.
tects the operator's clothing and hands from As here illustrated, the
means for selectively nbilrv hv rrnntacrtwifh-the 2 uide-hean 31 or 1
nckine the unit 44 awainst rotation-rlative to Ac 785,622 785,622 24
is driven, the platform 29 will move in I unison with the headstock
under these conditions, a selected spacing or adjustment of the two
being maintained.
In order that the platform 29 may serve as an elevator when the
headstock remains stationary, provision is made for moving the
platform vertically and independently of the headstock To this end,
the nut 44 is arranged to be driven by the electric motor 58 when the
brake device 59 is released When the headstock 11 is stationary both
the elevating screws 24 and 35 will also be stationary Under these
conditions, with the brake 59 released and the motor 58 energized, the
resultant rotation of the worm 54 and the nut 44 serves to raise or
lower the platform 29 according to the direction in which the motor 58
is turned In order that the platform 29 may be both raised and
lowered, therefore, the motor 58 is reversible and provided with
suitable controls to be more fully described Briefly, it may be
observed at this point that control push-buttons and 61 are located on
the inner side of the housing 36 for convenient operation by an
operator Actuation of the push-button switch releases the brake 59 and
turns the motor 58 in a first direction to raise the platform 29,
while actuation of the push-button 61 releases the brake and energizes
the motor to turn in the opposite direction to lower the platform 29.
In order to supply electric power to the motor 58 and the brake device
59 under the control of the push-buttons 60 and 61 and a control

circuit to be more fully described, stationary bus and sliding contact
means are provided respectively on the guide beam 31 and the housing
36 As shown more particularly in Fig 6, a three-phase stationary
vertical bus 65 is rigidly mounted within the flanges of the guide
beam 31 and suitably surrounded by a protective casing 66 The bus 65
includes three contact strips 65 a suitably mounted in strips of
insulating material and engaged by sliding contacts 68 which move with
the housing 36 In the specific bus structure here illustrated, the
sliding contacts 68 are mounted on a carrier 69 which is supported by
a hollow S arm 70 rigidly fastened to and projecting inwardly from the
housing 36 The necessary wiring (not shown) leading to the motor 58,
brake 59, and other control components may be passed through the arm
70 The carrier 69 extends through a slot in the casing 66 and has
rollers 69 a riding on opposite sides of the casing 66 to provide
smooth sliding engagement.
To prevent the housing 36 from striking the upper and lower brackets
32 and 33, through inadvertence of an operator, two limit switches T
and 75 B are mounted on the upper end of the housing 36 and
respectively adapted for cooperative engagement with actuating cam
strips 76 T and 76 B welded or otherwise fastened to the web of the
guide beam 31 (Fig.
3) The cam strips 76 T and 76 B are suitably located in a vertical
direction such that the corresponding one of switches 75 T and 75 B
are actuated whenever the top of the housing 36 70 approaches the
upper bracket 32 or the lower end of the housing 36 approaches the
lower bracket 33 These switches are arranged, in a manner to be more
fully described, such that they deenergize the brake 59 and motor 58
75 Thus, whether the platform 29 is being raised or lowered in unison
with the headstock 11 or independently of the headstock, actuation of
the limit switches 75 T or 75 B releases the nut 44 for free rotation
relative to the housing 80 36 and prevents further vertical movement
of the platform 29.
Refering next to Figure 9, a schematic diagram of an exemplary
electric control circuit for the combination support and elevator plat
85 form is there shown The motor 58 is in this instance a three-phase
induction motor connected for energization from a voltage source
through either of two sets of relay contacts R,_ and R,-a respectively
It will be apparent 90 that the motor 58 runs in one direction or the
other, thereby raising or lowering the platform 29, depending upon
which set of contacts is closed The contacts Ri-a and R,,a are
contolled respectively by relay coils R,, and R, 95 the latter being
connected in series respectively with the push-button switches 60 and
61 across a single phase circuit supplied through a transformer T
Normally closed contacts R,-, and R,-b controlled by the respective

relay coils 100 R, and R,, are connected in series with the coils R
and R, respectively, thereby assuring that both the contacts R,-a and
R,-a cannot be simultaneously closed.
A brake coil 59 a for the electromagnetic 105 brake 59 is supplied
with direct current through a rectifier and normally closed contacts
R,-a of a control relay The latter relay includes a coil R, which is
connected in series with the parallel combination of contacts R,-, and
R,,0 110 respectively controlled by the coils R 1 and Ra,.
Normally, therefore, the coil R, is deenergized, and the brake coil 59
a energized to lock the nut 44 against rotation relative to the
platform 29 and housing 36 Driving of the lead 115 screws 24 and 35
will thus cause the headstock 11 and platform 29 to be raised or
lowered in unison However, when either of the switches 60 or 61 is
closed, and thus either the coil R 1 or R, energized, the coil R, will
120 be energized and the contacts Ra, opened to release the brake 59
Thus, the motor 58, energized through either the contacts R,-, or R,-,
may drive the nut 44 relative to the stationary screw 35 to raise or
lower the plat 125 form 29 independently of and relative to the
headstock 11.
In the event that the platform 29 reaches either its top or bottom
limit of travel, whether moving in unison with the headstock 11 or 130
relative to the latter under drive from the motor 58, the limit
switches 75 A and B prevent it from moving farther and damaging the
machine Each of the limit switches has one 7 normally closed and one
normally open set of contacts The first limft sw 7 itch 75 T is
actuated by the cam strip 76 T at the top of the guide beam 31 (Fig 3)
and has its normally closed contacts 75 T,, (Fig 9) connected in
series with the coil R, to thereupon effect deenergization of the
motor even if the switch 60 is inadvertently held closed The second
limit switch B is actuated by the second cam abutment 76 B at the
midportion of the guide beam 31 (Fig 3) when the lower end of the
housing 36 approaches the bracket 33 The normally closed contacts 75
BI of this latter switch are connected in series with the coil R to
thereupon deenergize the latter coil and prevent the motor 58 from
lowering the platform fu-ither.
Additionally, the two limit switches 75 h ve their respective normally
open contacts 75 T 2 and 75 BW connected in parallel with the contacts
R,-, and R_,, that is, individually in series with the coil R, When
either of the limit switches is actuated, the coil R is energized and
the brake coil 59 a is deenergized to release the nut 44 for free
rotation In the event that the platform 29 reaches one limit -; of its
travel before the headstock 11 as the twro are being raised or lowered
in unison, the nut 44 is released and simply turns freely with the
screw 35 The platform 29 thus remains stationary at its limit position

while the headstock 11 may continue to move.
By this arrangement complete safety is provided whether the platform
is being moved by power from either the extension shaft 48 a (Mig.
4) or the motor 58 And the headstoch 11 is not halted in case the
platform reaches its limit position first as the two are driven in
unison from a common drive shaft.
RESUMA OF OPERATION.
While the operation of the novel combination support and elevator
platform will be clear from the foregoing, a brief summary will be
useful The operator, at the beginning of a day's work, may step on the
lowered platform 29 and operate the push-button switch 60 so as to
elevate thie platform to a convenient level adjacent the headstock 11
regardless of where the latter may be The vertical position of the
platform 29 relative to the headstock may be adjusted to suit the
preference of the individual operator The operation of the switch 60
energizes the motor 58 and releases the brake device 59 so that the
nut 44 is rotated relative to the stationary elevating screw 35 in
effecting this initial raising of the platform.
If the headstock 11 is moved vertically during machining operations,
as by caus Ing the power shaft 48 to be rotated, the platform 29 will
automatically be moved a corresponding amount by virtue of the common
drive connection of the lead screws 24 and 35 with the 65 power shaft
48 Thus, the previously adjust-I relationship of the platform 29 and
headstoch 11 will be maintained W'hen the ocerator desires to descend
to the shop floor, whil n O.
wishing to disturb the position of the headstoc' 70 in an incomplete
machining process, lhe e operates the push button 61 so as to release
the brake 59 and energize the motor 58 in the opposite sense The nut
44 will thereby be driven in the opposite direction so as to lovwer 75
the platform 29 If at any time it is necessary to service the tracer
head 25 the operator may raise and lower the platform independently of
the headstock 11 simply by utilizing the pushbutton switches 60 and 61
80 While with the arrangement shown it is possible for an operator to
have complete access to any part of the vertical column by riding ur
and down on the elvator platform 29 a ladder has been illustrated
connected with the 85 machinery in Fig 1 This ladder 80 is solely for
emergency or occasional use as, for example, when all electric power
has been shut onf from the machine 10 This ladder 80 may be integrally
connected with the vertical column 90 14 as in prior conventional
arrangements It will be evident, however, that the present invention
eliminates virtually all necessity for climbing a ladder Accordingly,
operator fatigue and the hazards of ladder climbing are 95 reduced to
insignificance.

* Sitemap
* Accessibility
* Legal notice
* Terms of use
* 5.8.23.4; 93p

5211 5215.output

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (16)

Similar to 5211 5215.output

Similar to 5211 5215.output (20)

More from j1075017

More from j1075017 (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

5211 5215.output