1. * GB780075 (A)
Description: GB780075 (A) ? 1957-07-31
Improvements in and relating to injection moulding machines
Description of GB780075 (A)
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in and relating to Injection Moulding Machines
We, CROWNMACENE & TooL COMPANY,
a Corporation of the State of Texas,
United States of America, of 2800 West
Lancaster Boulevard, Fort Worth 7,
United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which
we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it
is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the
following statement:
The present invention relates to injec
tion mouldin' machines of the type for moulding thermo-plastic
materials.
According to the invention, an injec
tion moulding machine has an injection
cylinder and means for injecting material
therefrom into a mould, in which the
machine comprises a pair of fixed spaced
apart members snpported on a base and
joined together by tie rods on which is mounted to slide a movable
mould-closing
and supporting unit comprising a pair
of movable members one of which supports
a mould member designed to co-operate with a mould member carried by
one of
the fixed m.embers, power means being
provided to move the two movable members in unison along the tie rods
towards the fixed member c'arrying the mould member, and in which
further power means are provided comprising inter
penetrating portions on the movable membars forming a cylinder and a

2. piston penetrating the cylinder, means also being provided for
delivering fluid nnder
pressure to the cylinder upon a predetermined movement of the two
movable
members along the tie rods towards the fixed members earrying the
mould member
so as to move the movable member carrying the mould member relatively
to the second movable member and
towards the said fixed member.
An injection moulding machine in accordance with the invention will
now be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the machine showing the front, end and
top thereof, with parts broken away and parts shown in section to
illustrate the details of construction;
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary end view drawn to a larger scale of a detail
of the machine of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, and drawn to a
still further enlarged scale;
Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 8;
Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 8;
Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1, and drawn to an
enlarged scale;
Fig. 7 is a section taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 8;
Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side elevation, partly in section, of the
platen portion of the machine of Fig. 1 and drawn to an enlarged
scale:
Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic representation of the hydraulic system of the
machine;
Fig. 10 is a diagram of the electrical system of the machine; and
Fig. 11 is a top plan view drawn to an enlarged scale of a furth & r
detail of the machine.
As will be seen from the drawings, the machine according to the
invention comprises a hollow base 1 having longitudinally extending
guide-ways 2 and 4 (Fig.
4), the way 2 being of V-form, while the way 4 is flat. A head or
stationary platen 6, hereinafter referred to as "the front support",
is carried on the base 1 near the injection end of the machine, and
provides a recess 8 at the injection end of each of the ways 2 and 4,
to enable exten sions 10 of a movable platen or moulding member 12
slidably supported on the ways 2 and 4 to telescope into the
respective recesses. Also mounted on the ways 2 and 4 is a back-up
member 14 hereinafter referred to as the support. The ways 2 and 4 are
finished to a high precision tolerance to enable true aligned movement

3. of the platen member 12 and the back-up member 14 so as to maintain
these in aligned relation with the stationary platen or head 6.
The movable platen member 12 is adjustable along the ways, and the
stationary platen 6 and back-up member 14 are secured in position on
the base 1 by tie rods 16 passing through the stationary platen 6 and
back-up member 14 as shown in Figs. 1, 5 and 6.
The movable platen 12 is mounted for movement on the tie rods 16, each
of the ties rods 16 having a nut 17 threaded thereon. The platen 12
also carries a piston carrying member 18 attached thereto by a loose
linkage and movable therewith, which member 18 has a piston 20 secured
thereto for engagement. within a cylinder 22 in the platen 12.
The movement between the piston carrying member 18 and the platen 12
is very limited, just sufiicient to give the final closing to the
mould, usually only a fraction of an inch, since it eserts a very high
pressure. Rods 24 pass through the piston carrying member 18 and are
threaded at their inner ends into t.he side of the piston 20 adjacent
the member 1S.
The outer end of each of the rods 24 carries a clevis 26, which
devises are attached respectively to the legs 30 of a pair of yoke
members 28, which legs are adapted to engage the rear face of the
piston carrying member 1S. Each yolte member has a finger 32 which is
engasse- able in an annular recess 34 on a nut 36 screwed on the inner
end of a piston rod 38, the nut 36 extending into a recess 40 in the
piston carrying member 18 and having an outwardly extending flange 42
slidably engaging the wall of the reeess 40. A split ring 44 surrounds
the nut 36 and is secured to the member 18 by bolts screw threaded
therein.
The inner diameter of the split ring 44 is adapted to fit snugly
around the nut 36 so as to enable the flange 42 to prevent tte nut
from becoming disengaged from the piston carrying member 18, and to
allow limited movement of the flange 42 within the recess -ln. which
in turn, enables the yoke members 28 to more a limited distance, upon
outward movement of the piston rod 38 to cause the ends of the legs 30
of the yoke members to engage the real face of the piston member 18,
thereby drawing the clevises 26 and threaded rods 24 outwardly to move
the piston carrying members 18 inwardly to perform a squeezing action
between the piston carrying member 18 and the movable platen 12 so as
to expel hydraulic fluid from tile cylinder 22.
The piston rod 38 extends rearwardly and passes through the back-up
member 14 into a double aetin} cylinder 46 which has a relatively
small diameter and a relatively long stroke and requires a
comparatively small volume of fluid at a comparatively low pressure to
obtain the full length of travel. The cylinder 46 is provided with a
piston 48 (Fig. 9), and is mounted on tile back-up member 14 so as to

4. extend rearwardly therefrom. Pipes 50 and 52 (Fig. 9) lead
respectively from opposite ends of the @ylinder 46, which cylinder is
supplied with a fluid ncedinm, as will lie hereinafter described.
Due to the excessive weight of moulds of large size, provision has
been made for supporting the weight of a mould member 54 (Fig. 4) on
the extension members 10, by the provision of a bridging element 56
having jack screws 58 which support the mould member thereon. thereby
transferrinas the weight of the mould directly to the ways 2 and 4.
The tie rods 16 have nuts 17 threaded on each end thereof I r
adjustment of the back-up plate 14 relative to stationary platen or
head 6. so as properly to position the movable platen 12 with respect
to stationary platen 6 to accommodate mould members of various sizes,
as well as the opening between the said members.
The various articles that are moulded from plastic require that the
mould memhers open by varying distances. and to provide for this
varying degree of opening, the aforementioned cylinder 46 and piston
rod@ 38 are adapted to move the piston carrying member 18 and the
movable platen | 12 any desired predeter- mined distance.
A safety cam 62 is positioned on the gauge bar 64. The safctv cam 62
serves to limit movement of the piston 48 with respect to the cylinder
46 in the event that a limit switch em. hereinafter described. fails
tn operate. The cam 62 may be set at different positions on the gauge
bar 64 to accommodate varying distances of mo;~en ms of the cylinder
with respect to the piston 48.
After the piston 48 as moved the movable platen 12 so that the mould
member 54 is substantially closed, a piston 66. in a cylinder 6 moves
a piston rod 70 connected to a rotary thrust plate 72, so that the
thrust plate is rotated from the position shown in full lines, to the
position shown in dot-dash lines, in Fig.
5. This moves the thrust plate between the outer ends of compression
bars 74, mounted on the piston carrying member 18, and the inner face
of back-up member 14, to prevent the compression bars 74 from passing
through holes 76 in the back-up member 14. The thrust plate 72 carries
a lug 78 adapted to move into contact with a limit switch 80 to
operate a relay 158 (Fig. 10) which in turn operates a solenoid fluid
control valve 160, and into contact with a switch 82 for operating a
holding coil 129 and solenoid valve 128 as will be hereinafter
described.
A reservoir 86 (Fig. 9) supplies hydraulic fluid to pumps 88 and 90,
through lines 92 and 94, respectively.
Each of the conduits 92 and 94 have screens or filters 96 and 98 on
the respective ends thereof within the reservoir 86, so as to insure a
clean fluid supply to the pumps 88 and 90 which are driven by a
suitable power unit, such as an electric motor 100.

5. The pump 88 directs fluid outward through a conduit 102 to the various
valves hereinafter described, for operating the various hydraulic
motor actuating mechanisms of the machine. The pump 88 has a large
volume capacity, at a medium high pressure, while the pump 90 is a
comparatively small volume pump which is designed to operate at
relatively high pressure, and directs hydraulic fluid into a conduit
104 to the various mechanisms of the machine that require a
comparatimely small volume of fluid at at high pressure.
Fluid is pumped through the conduit 102, to and through a relief valve
106, which has conduits 108, 110 and a relief conduit 112 leading
therefrom for returning the hydraulic fluid to the reservoir 86. The
relief conduit 112 is indicated by a downwardly directed arrow and it
is to be noted that all valves and pipes similarly indicated by
downward directed arrows, with the exception of the drain for the
reservoir, indicate a discharge for used or excess hydraulic fluid,
and while a return conduit is not necessary for the operability of the
system, a common conduit directs the fluid back into reservoir 86 for
reuse, which common conduit however, for the sake of simplicity, and
clarity of the drawings, is not shown.
The conduit 108 connects with a conduit 114 which leads to and through
a manually operated valve 116 to a four way pilot switching valve 118
and a static pressure is maintained on the inlet port of the valve 118
all the time that the pump 88 is operating. The pump 90 directs
hydraulic flnid through a conduit 104, to and through a relief valve
120, which directs the fluid out through conduits 122, 124 and is
provided with a relief conduit 126. The hydraulic fluid in the conduit
122 is directed to a solenoid pilot valve 128 which is adapted
alternately to direct the fluid into conduit 130 and into conduit 132
upon operation of a limit switch 134 or 136 controlling the valve 128.
The closing of the limit switches 134 and 136 (Fig. 10) is effected by
a cam or finger 138 positioned on the gauge bar 64, which gauge bar is
attached to and movable with piston carrying member 18. When the
solenoid valve 128 operates to direct hydraulic fluid into conduit
132, the fluid flows through a safety control valve 140, and normally
through a conduit 142 to move a piston within the switching valve 118
to a position to direct fluid from the pump 88 through the conduit 114
into a conduit 144 to and through a cam actuated travel limiting valve
146 to the outer end of the cylinder 46. This will cause the piston 48
to move the piston rod and piston carrying member 18 ahead, initially
to close the mould by the normal pressure of the pump 88.
During the said closing movement of the piston 48, the hydraulic fluid
is exhausted through the conduit 52, through the switching valve 118
to return through a conduit 148, and a cooler 150 back to the
reservoir 86.

6. When the piston 48 has made its forward stroke, the limit switch 1.36
closes to energize a relay 152, which closes a circuit to operate a
solenoid valve 84, which directs hydraulic fluid from the conduit 114
and a conduit 154 into a conduit 156 leading to the cylinder 68
thereby effecting outward movement of the piston 66 and piston rod 70,
to rotate the rotary thrust plate 72 so that the lugs on the outer
periphery of the thrust plate are positioned between the outer ends of
the compression bars 74 and, the inner face of the back-up member 14.
The compression bars 74 and piston carrying member 18 are thus
prevented from rearward movement, and the lug 78 on the thrust plate
72 closes the limit switch 80 to energize the relay 158, which causes
operation of the solenoid valve 160 so that fluid will be directed
from the pump 90 through conduits 104, 122, 162, 164 and through the
solenoid valve 160 into a conduit 166 to direct fluid pressure to the
end of a piston in a four-way pilot valve 168, to operate the valve
168 so that hydraulic fluid is directed from the pump90 through
conduits 104, 162, 172, 174 and through the control valve 16S to a
conduit 176 and a sequence valve 178, a cheek valve 1S2 and through
conduits 184 and 186 into the cylinder 22 to exert a predetermined
pressure on the piston 20. In this manner the movable platen 12 is
moved ahead onlv a fraction of an inch and at exceedingly high
pressure, and the piston carrying member 18 is restrained from
rearward movement by enga-ement of the compression bars 74 with the
thrust plate 72 which transmits the thrust to the back-up member 14 so
as to put the bars 16 in tension to exert a squeezing for the final
closing action on the mould 54 against its complementary mould member
(not shown) mounted on the stationary platen 6. When the platen 12
moves ahead until a static relation is reached, that is, when a
predetermined back pressure upon the sequence valve 178 is built up,
the back pressure causes the valve 178 to operate to direct fluid from
the conduit 176 into conduits 180 and 190.
The hydraulic fluid passes through the conduit 190 to a relief valve
192 and furnishes the operating fluid for a hydraulic ratio booster
pump 188 the fluid exhausting into a conduit 194 to return to the
reservoir 86. Any ratio booster pump may he used to boost the pressure
of the hydraulic fluid that is drawn through conduit 190 and relief
valve 192 into booster pump 188. Upon the actuation of the hydraulic
boosting mechanism within the booster pump 188, the hydraulic fluid is
drawn in through the conduit 190 and discharged through a conduit 196,
which will cause the check valve 182 to close, thereby discharging the
hydraulic fluid under increased pressure, from the conduit 186 into
the cylinder 22 to move the platen ahead to give the desired pressure
for the final squeeze in closing the mould 54 upon its complementary
mould member.

7. Upon the mould member 54 being closed in fluid tioht relation with the
companion mould mernher, the back pressure exerted in a conduit 198.
which is in fluid communication with the cylin- der 22, causes the
actuation of a pressure switch 200 to close the electric circuit 205
of a relay 204 and connected to the contact 206 of electronic timer
device, 208. The electronic timer device 20S is adapted to be set for
any desired length of time to operate the various electric relays to
cause timed, step by step operation of the various electrical elements
of the machine, as will be hereinafter described.
A plasticizing unit. indicated generally at 210, is provided with a
hydraulically operated piston 212 within a cylinder 214, which
operates a slide (not shown) controlling the supply of granular
plastic from a hopper 216 into and through a pre-plasticizing chamber
218. The length of the stroke of The piston 212 and its plunger 21.)
is controlled by a pilot slide valve 220. which alternately directs
hydraulic fluid tc opposite ends of the cylinder 214.
The granular plastic is fed from the hopper 216 into the
pre-plasticizing ehan.- her 218 in such annex as to keep molten
plastic continuously supplied to an injection cylinder 222 which is
moulted on the lower end of the preplasticizing chamber 218. A piston
within the cylinder 222 - notes an injection plunger to inject the @
molten plastic into the mould member 54. in timed sequence as
regulated by the electronic timer device 208.
With the granular plastic being fed into the pre-plasticizing chamber
218, and into the injection cylinder, the piston 212 is supplied with
hydraulic fluid from the conduit 224 through a check valve 226 to a
conduit 230, which directs part of the fluid into a four-way switching
valve 232 and part into the port side of the pilot valve 220.
The part of the fluid that is directed into the pilot valve 220 is
directed thereby alternately to opposite ends of the four-way
switching valve 232 to actuate the piston therein for directing fluid
alternately to the conduits 234 and 236 to effect reciprocating
movement of the piston 212 to actuate the plunger 213 as required. The
fluid That capes from the pilot valve 220 and the switching valve 235
is returned to the reservoir 86 through discharge conduits 221 and
233, respectively. The main function of the plasticizing unit 210, is
to operate independently of the other mechanisms of the machine to
keep molten pla: e supplied to the injection plunger at a
predetermined pressure, for injection in accordance with a timed
sequence. - will he hereinafter described.
When the pressure in the cylinder 22 reaches a predetermined amount,
the pressure switch 200 closes, and allows current to pass through the
conductor 202 to the relay 204 and through the contact 206 of the
timing device to energize a relay 207, and at the same time energize a

8. solenoid eoil 2 nf a four-way pilot valve 205, thereby shifting the
valve mechanism so 9 to direct fluid from the pump 90 and conduit 16"-
through a conduit 238 to one end it a donble pressure port valve 240,
which in turn. directs fluid received from the pump 88, pressure
relief valve 106, and conduit 108, which fluid is under mediiun high
pressure, with the pump 88 operating continuously, the fluid being
directed out of the conduit 108 through a check valve 242 into a
conduit 244 leading to a pressure accumulator 246, until a maximum
predetermined pressure is reached. The fluid under pressure will then
escape through the relief valve 106 and outlet 112 back to the
reservoir 86.
When the fluid within the accumulator 246 and conduit 108 has built up
a predetermined amount of pressure, the double pressure port valve 240
directs fluid alternately into conduits 248 and 250 to exert pressure
on a sequence valve 251 and on a piston 252 in a cylinder 254,
respectively.
When the pressure is applied to the cylinder 254, the piston 252 is
moved to operate a valve which opens the injection nozzle for the
injection of plastic into the mould 54 in accordance with the timed
sequence of the timer device 208. At the same time, the sequence valve
251 is operated to direct hydraulic fluid from the pump 88 and the
conduit 248 into a conduit 256 leading to the outer end of the
injection cylinder 222 to move a piston 260 therein, for the injection
of molten plastic into the mould 54. The sequence valve 251 is so
arranged as to give a sequential passage of fluid into the conduit
256, slightly after the full opening of the aforementioned nozzle
injection valve which is actuated by the piston 252.
After the piston 260 has made its inward stroke to inject the
pre-plasticized plastic into the mould 54, the electronic timer device
holds the plunger operated by the piston 260 in an "in position" for a
predetermined time, sufficient to allow for the cooling of the plastic
within the mould 54.
After the plastic within the mould 54 has cooled sufficiently, a
switch is closed which actuates the solenoid control valve 205 to
switch the hydraulic fluid from the conduit 162 to the conduit 264 to
permit the operating fluid in the valve 240 to discharge through a
relief conduit 266 hack to the reservoir 86.
When the fluid is thus discharged the mechanism of the valve 240 will
shift so as to direct fluid from the conduit 108 to the conduit 250
and a manually operated valve 268 to the inner ends of the cylinders
254 and 222 so as to close the nozzle injection valve upon movement of
the piston 252 and withdraw the injection plunger upon the outward
movement of the piston 260. The fluid discharged from the cylinders
254 and 222 passes through a relief conduit 270 leading from the

9. sequence valve 251, to the reservoir 86.
Upon the' completion of the moulding cycle, as dictated by the mould
closing section of the electronic timer device 208, the relay 158 is
de-energized, to cause opening of the valve 160, thereby directing
fluid through the conduit 272 to cause the valve 168 to shift and
direct fluid from the conduit 174 through a conduit 276 to operate a
pilot operated unloading valve 278, which valve is normally closed,
and enable fluid under pressure in the cylinder 22 to escape and
return to the reservoir 86 through a conduit 280 and a relief conduit
282. The operating fluid of the pilot unloading valve 278 escapes
through a relief conduit 284 and returns to the reservoir 86 at the
completion of each cycle.
The relief valve 106 connected to the pump 88 is of the hydro-cone
type and is controlled by venting a remote pilot valve 286, so that
the pressure may he maintained at any given amount, either manually or
by connection with suitable pressure control elements. A solenoid
controlled valve 288 is connected to the relief valve 106 by a conduit
290 and is operably controlled by a pressure switch 292, which switch
is responsive to the pressure in the accumulator 246. The solenoid
control valve 288 is of such construction as to actuate a secondary
relief valve 294 when a predetermined pressure in the accumulator is
reached.
A cam member 996 is provided on a safety door 298 (Fig. 1) to engage
the plunger 141 of the safety valve 140 so that upon opening of the
safety door 298, the hydraulic fluid is directed from the solenoid
valve 128 and conduit 132 through the valve 140 and a conduit 300 into
a check valve 302 to exert pressure on the piston within the pilot
controlled switch valve 118, so that the pressure from the pump 88
will be directed through the conduit 114 valve 116, pilot control
switching valve 118 and into the conduit 59 to direct hydraulic fluid
into the cylinder 46 to cause the opening of the mould member 54, if
the mould is in closed position. The check valve 302 prevents the
return fluid from conduit 52 from passing through the valve 140.
After the moulding cycle is eompleted, the mould opening section of
the electronic timer device 208 reverses the sequence of the closing
operation. Thus the solenoid valve 84 is actuated to direct hydraulic
fluid into the inner end of the cylinder 68 to rotate the thrust plate
72 until the lug 78 thereon makes contact with the limit switch 82,
thereby causing operation of a relay 129 to close a circuit through
the solenoid valve 128 to direct hydraulic fluid to the pilot
switching valve 118 through conduit 304, to shift the valve 118 so as
to direct fluid from the conduit 114 into the conduit 52 and to the
inner end of the cylinder 46 to move the movable platen 12 along the
ways 2 and 4 and enable the moulded plastic article to he ejected out

10. of the mould member 54 and out through a chute 306
(Fig. 1).
As illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the pre-plasticizing unit 210, the
cylinder 222 and the injection nozzle (not shown) are mounted on a
movable bed plate 308. A into place and the pre-plasticized plastic is
injected into the mould by the piston 260 before the nozzle valve,
operated by piston 252 is opened. Upon the closing of the invention
valve and the return of the piston 260, the pressure is released from
the cylinder 22, and upon movement of the piston 20, the movable
platen 12 is moved to the left as viewed in Fig. 8 to expel the
hydraulic fluid, and the thrust plate 72 is rotated to permit the
opening of the mould. Ejector bars (not shown in the drawings) contact
the ejecting mechanism within the mould 54 to eject the moulded
plastic article upon the said movement of the platen 12, and the
moulded article drops downward through the chute 306 into a suitable
receiver.
It will. be appreciated that the above described machine is versatile
in use and may be adjusted over a wide range of applications and is
suitable for the production of unusually large plastic articles, for
which it has been necessary heretofore to use a machine of muchlarger
and heavier proportions.
By the dual action of the pistons 48 and 20 in which the piston 48
effects a travel function of comparatively long distance at a
eomparatively low pressure, and the piston 20 effects a high pressure
function for only a fraction of an inch of travel, there is avoided
the necessity of pumping a considerable amount of high pressure
hydraulic fluid into a large;cylinder to obtain the required total
travel, when in practice only a fraction of an inch of movement of the
piston in the cylinder is necessary after the piston is in position to
perform the high pressure action of closing the mould members in fluid
tight relation.
It is to be noted that the moulding machine according to the invention
is especially adapted to the production of large plastic moulded
articles, and that it possesses the characteristic of opening and
closing the platen member 12 quickly, by the use of a small volume of
fluid through a long stroke plunger 48, and then rotating a positive
abutment in the form of the thrust plate 72 behind the compression
bars 74 to enable the use of a large cylinder with a very short travel
for the final closing of the mould under very high pressure.
The machine described also includes the feature of a platen travelling
upon guideways to ensure the exact closing of the mould in exactly tbe
same relation each time the closing cycle is performed and without
exerting lateral strain on the tension members which hold the back-up
member 14 and the stationary platen 6 in spaced relation, while the

11. mould closing pressure is being exerted by the piston 20.
The machine also presents the feature OI ready accessiblity to all
parts, by mounting the injection cylinder 222 on the bed plate 308
which can be moved outward, as indicated in dot-dash outline in Fig.
1, so that the entire pre-plasticizing unit and nozzle are readily
accessible without dismantling the machine.
What we claim is :-
1. An injection moulding machine for moulding thermo-plastic materials
having an injection cylinder and means for injecting material
therefrom into a mould, in whieh the machine eomprises a pair of fixed
spaced-apart members supported on a base and joined together by tie
rods on which is mounted to slide a movable mould -closing and
-supporting unit comprising a pair of movable members one of which
supports a mould member designed to cooperate with a mould member
carried by one of the fixed members, power means being provided to
move the two movable members in unison along the tie rods towards the
fixed member carrying the mould member, and in which further power
means are provided comprising interpenetrating portions on the movable
members forming a cylinder and a piston penetrating the cylinder,
means also being provided for delivering fluid under pressure to the
cylinder upon a predetermined movement of the two movable members
along the tie rods towards the fixed member carrying the mould member
so as to move the movable member carrying the mould member relatively
to the second movable member and towards the said fixed member.
2. An injection moulding machine according to Claim 1, in which the
firstmentioned power means eomprise an hydraulic cylinder and a piston
movable therein.
3. An injection moulding machine according to Claim 1 or 2, including
automatic control means adapted to initate the admission of fluid
under pressure to the cylinder of the movable members in response to a
predetermined unitary movement of the members along the tie rods
towards the fixed member carrying the mould member.
4. An injection moulding machine according to any one of Claims 1-3,
including means intermediate the second movable member and the fixed
member not carrying a mould member for holding the movable members
against retrograde movement toward the said fixed member after the
movable members have completed a predetermined movement toward the
fixed member carrying the mould member.