The document outlines guidelines for postpartum care in India, including:
- Scheduling at least 3 postpartum visits for the mother and baby on the 3rd day, 7th day, and 6th week after delivery.
- Conducting examinations and monitoring vital signs during the visits, counseling on diet, rest, hygiene, breastfeeding, family planning, and identifying any danger signs that require emergency referral.
- Providing immediate postpartum care for the first hour after delivery and ensuring the mother and baby are not left unattended for the first 48 hours to monitor for complications.
Postnatal care (PNC) for the mother should respond to her special needs, starting within an hour after the delivery of the placenta and extending through the following six weeks. The care includes the prevention, early detection and treatment of complications, and the provision of counselling on breastfeeding, birth spacing, immunization and maternal nutrition. To standardise the PNC service, you are advised to use the screening, counselling and postnatal care cards. These cards ensure that you have covered all the essential steps in every home visit.
this ppt is beneficial for nursing and obstetric and gynaecology students.
Postnatal care (PNC) for the mother should respond to her special needs, starting within an hour after the delivery of the placenta and extending through the following six weeks. The care includes the prevention, early detection and treatment of complications, and the provision of counselling on breastfeeding, birth spacing, immunization and maternal nutrition. To standardise the PNC service, you are advised to use the screening, counselling and postnatal care cards. These cards ensure that you have covered all the essential steps in every home visit.
this ppt is beneficial for nursing and obstetric and gynaecology students.
It explains the mechanism of normal labour to medical and para-medical staff.It also puts light on principle movements underlying mechanism of normal labour with pictures.Thank You Like an share it to the maximum.
Puerperium is the period following childbirth during which the body tissues, specially the pelvic organs revert back approximately to the pre-pregnant state both anatomically and physiologically. puerperium begins as soon as the placenta is expelled and lasts for approximately 6 weeks when the uterus becomes regressed almost to the non-pregnant size.
It explains the mechanism of normal labour to medical and para-medical staff.It also puts light on principle movements underlying mechanism of normal labour with pictures.Thank You Like an share it to the maximum.
Puerperium is the period following childbirth during which the body tissues, specially the pelvic organs revert back approximately to the pre-pregnant state both anatomically and physiologically. puerperium begins as soon as the placenta is expelled and lasts for approximately 6 weeks when the uterus becomes regressed almost to the non-pregnant size.
To have the mother and child Healthy during the 9 months of pregnancy, Antenatal Care is must. This nine month is very crucial and intensive care should be provided to the mother.
This PPT is part of the resource material prepared for the One miilion campaign to support women to breastfeed. One may use it to emphasize the importance of supporting the breastfeeding women.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
The hemodynamic and autonomic determinants of elevated blood pressure in obes...
6a post partum care
1. 1
Care after delivery
Post Partum Care
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
BEMoC - Presentation 6 (a)
Session 6a
2. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
2
Session Objectives
Number and timing of postpartum visits for
mother and baby
History-taking, examination, management
and counseling on diet, rest & contraception
during postpartum visits
Identification of danger signs
Indications for referral for mother & baby
3. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
3
Importance of Postpartum Care
More than 60% of maternal deaths take
place during postpartum period
First 48 hours are most crucial; hence length of
stay in health facility is 48 hours
Most maternal and neonatal complications
occur during this period.
4. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
4
Starting the care at 4th
stage of Labour &
immediate PNC
Definition
The first one hour after delivery of the placenta is sometimes
referred to as the 4th
stage of labour
Observations
BP pulse temperature
Vaginal bleeding
Uterus to make sure it is well contracted
Monitor the following
Every 10 minutes for the first 30 minutes
Every 15 minutes for the next 30 minutes
Every 30 minutes for the next 3 hours
Estimate & Record the amount of the blood loss in 3rd
stage & after
If loss is around 250ml & bleeding has stopped – observe for the
next 24 hours
Then every 30 minutes for next 3 hours
If >250 ml then look for the cause & treat it fast to save her life
5. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
5
Immediate PNC – Mother (Contd...)
Put a sanitary pad or a folded cotton under her
buttocks to collect blood –to estimate blood loss
Keep mother & baby together, encourage early
breast feeding
Encourage the mother to eat, drink and rest
Consider IUD insertion
Encourage her to pass urine & if she is not able
to pass urine, gently pour water over her vulva
Weigh the baby
Do not leave the mother & the new born alone
6. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
6
Call for help if any of the following occurs
The bleeding increases.
The woman feels dizzy.
The woman has severe headache.
The woman has visual disturbance.
The woman has epigastric distress.
The woman complains of breathlessness.
The woman complains of increased abdominal
or perineal pain.
7. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
7
Enter the following in the labour register
Name of the woman
Age of the woman
Parity
ANC received (or not): mention the number of
ANC visits received
Mode of delivery (normal or assisted)
Birth weight of the baby
Apgar score of the baby at 1 minute and 5
minutes after delivery.
8. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
8
Post Partum care & Hygiene
Not to be left unattended; any change in condition should be
reported
Not to insert anything into the vagina.
To wash the perineum daily and after passing stools. Wash in
an anteroposterior direction from the vulva to the anus.
To change the perineal pads every 4-6 hours, or more
frequently, if there is heavy lochia.
To wash cloth pads, if used, with plenty of soap and water and
dry them in the sun.
To bathe daily.
To have enough rest and sleep.
To avoid sexual intercourse for the first six weeks or until the
perineal wound heals, whichever is later.
To wash her hands before handling the baby.
9. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
9
Advise at discharge from the facility
Home care of New Born
Breast feeding
Keeping the baby warm
Infection Prevention
Cord care
10. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
10
Subsequent visits
Scheduled visits
• At 3rd
day
• At 7th
day
• At 6 weeks
SOS emergency visits in presence of danger
signs
11. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
11
Neonatal Danger Signs to be taken to FRU
Neonatal danger signs
• Convulsions
• Not able to feed
• Fast breathing
• Severe chest-indrawing (not during crying)
• Nasal flaring
• Grunting
• Lethargy & unconscious
• Feels Hot or Cold
• Blood in stool
12. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
12
Counselling – Diet & Rest
Reassure the mother that she can eat normal food ; these will not
harm the breast fed baby
Diet to be rich in iron & fibre
Discuss about food taboos especially against food that are
nutritionally healthy
Talk to family members like mother in law , husband to encourage
them to ensure that the woman easts enough & avoids heavy
physical work
Take care of the mother so that she can take care of the baby
Counselling on diet especially for adolescent mother
IFA Supplementation
Women with normal Hb are advised to take 1 IFA tablet daily for 3
months
If Hb below 11 gm%, advise her to take 2 IFA tabs daily and repeat
Hb after 1 month
Family support specially for girl child
Rest to the Mother
13. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
13
Counselling on Care & Hygiene
Wash hands before handling baby
Wash perineum daily
Avoid sexual intercourse until perineal wound
heals
14. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
14
Danger Sings
For the following symptoms and signs in the mother,
advise the woman and her family to go to an FRU
immediately, day or night, WITHOUT WAITING.
Excessive vaginal bleeding, i.e. soaking more than
2 or 3 pads in 20-30 minutes after delivery, OR
bleeding increases rather than decreases after the
delivery
Convulsions
Fast or difficult breathing
Fever and weakness; inability to get out of bed
Severe abdominal pain
15. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
15
Advice to go to nearby facility in case of
following symptoms
Fever
Abdominal pain
The woman feels ill
Swollen, red or tender breasts, or sore nipples
Dribbling of urine or painful micturition
Pain in the perineum, or pus draining from the
perineal area
Foul-smelling lochia.
16. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
16
Counselling on Breast feeding
Rooming –in is important for breast feeding. It helps:
• Makes demand feeding easier to practice as the
mother can hear the child cry
• Prevents hypothermia
• Builds a bond between mother & the baby
Importance, benefits & management of breastfeeding
Teach correct positioning & attachment for
breastfeeding
Support exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of
life
Need to avoid supplementary feeds
17. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
17
Counselling on Family Planning
A woman who is not exclusively breastfeeding
can become pregnant as soon as 4 weeks
after delivery if she has sex
18. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
18
Counselling on Family Planning
Inform about all contraceptive choices in
postpartum period –Cafeteria Aproach
Facilitate free informed choice for all women
Reinforce that non-hormonal methods (LAM,
barrier methods, IUCD and sterilization) are
best options for lactating mothers
Discuss other method options for the
breastfeeding & non-breastfeeding woman
19. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
19
Cultural Influences
Postpartum care may be affected by cultural
beliefs:
• No breastfeeding for the first three days
• Hot and Cold foods
• No Prelacteal feeds, give demand feed
• Do not make generalizations
• No bath to the mother and for the baby is
practiced – Wrong Practice
• Gender Bias - Counselling
20. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
20
Key Messages
Danger signs for mother & Neonate
Immediate Post Partum Care
Counselling on diet, rest & contraception
Cultural influences
21. CARE AFTER DELIVERY POST PARTUM CARE
Maternal Health Division
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Government of India
21
Case study
Case Study number 22 on page number 85 on
Trainee’s Hand Book